CN111023674A - Constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse - Google Patents
Constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN111023674A CN111023674A CN201911388281.1A CN201911388281A CN111023674A CN 111023674 A CN111023674 A CN 111023674A CN 201911388281 A CN201911388281 A CN 201911388281A CN 111023674 A CN111023674 A CN 111023674A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D13/00—Stationary devices, e.g. cold-rooms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/003—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors with respect to movable containers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/02—Doors; Covers
- F25D23/028—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/06—Walls
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse, which comprises a cargo access passage, a raft foundation, a warehouse body structure and a refrigerating system, wherein structural columns and the warehouse body are of an integrated structure, a hexahedron of the three-dimensional warehouse is provided with a complete and continuous heat insulation structure, and the cargo access passage is provided with a double-channel interlocking door; the storehouse body comprises storehouse plates which are transversely arranged on the vertical purlines and connected with the vertical purlines through the connecting slip sheets. The beneficial effects are as follows: the integrated structure of the raft foundation and the storage frame is adopted, so that the storage capacity of the whole refrigeration storage is improved, and the automation, standardization and standardization operation are facilitated; under the condition of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the connecting slip sheets can slide on the vertical purlines, so that expansion of the storage plates is avoided, or cold leakage of plate seams is avoided. The fine adjustment space is formed after the connecting slip sheet is connected with the vertical purline, and the problem of bulging deformation caused by cold expansion and cold contraction of the reservoir plate in the traditional installation process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cold storages, in particular to a constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional storage.
Background
With the rapid development of cold-chain logistics in recent years, the functions of the refrigeration house are not limited to traditional low-temperature storage any more, but are evolved to multiple roles such as an inventory center, a logistics distribution center, a value-added service center, an advanced cold-chain logistics technology application center and the like, so that the requirements of upstream and downstream links of the refrigeration house on aspects of smooth logistics, convenient goods access, traceable information and the like are met. Therefore, the requirement on the automation degree of the future refrigeration houses is higher and higher, and the form of the future refrigeration houses is gradually developed from multi-layer civil engineering storage to elevated three-dimensional storage.
However, the traditional three-dimensional refrigeration houses are mostly automatic refrigeration houses with separated shelves, namely, the refrigeration houses are covered firstly and then the shelves are erected, so that the primary investment cost is greatly increased; this automatic three-dimensional freezer of shelf disconnect-type is when doing structure post ground and handle the heat preservation, can't accomplish not have cold bridge, makes the cold volume in the freezer constantly "run" into the underground, also provides higher challenge for the frost heaving prevention of terrace when causing partial cold volume extravagant.
In terms of selection of refrigerants, freon is widely used in household and commercial refrigeration equipment due to excellent thermophysical properties, and with the successive contract of a series of convention in various countries around the world, such as montreal protocol, kyoto protocol, and kyali amendment, most freon has been definitely prohibited from being used, such as R12 and R13; some commonly used freons have been identified as prohibited for large-scale application in 2030 except for a small amount of maintenance, such as R22, R142b, R123 and the like; at present, substitute refrigerants without ozone layer destruction are generally adopted internationally, such as R134a, R410A, R407C, R404A, R507 and the like which are commonly used at present, and as these are greenhouse gases, China is a major developing country and has clearly reduced 80% of the gases in 2045 years. At present, some researchers in the refrigeration industry of various countries around the world are developing novel artificially synthesized refrigerants with good performance.
Before the discovery of novel artificially synthesized refrigerants, people gradually turn the eyes to natural working medium NH3、CO2And HCs. Wherein NH3The refrigerant has excellent performance, is widely applied to large-scale industrial refrigeration systems such as large and medium-sized cold storages for early years, is toxic, flammable and explosive, and generates NH for many times in recent years3Severe accidents of casualties caused by explosion or fire, so that the national safety supervision department has to deal with NH3The refrigeration house increases the supervision degree and determines NH3The charge of more than 8 tons is a significant hazard, which limits its application in large and medium-sized cold storages and NH from the last few years3Teaching and training of drawing of freezer accident is also to NH3Are increasingly used cautiously; HCs, although non-toxic, are flammable and explosive, and this hazardous property also limits their application in large and medium industrial and commercial refrigeration systems, and are now used in small refrigeration devices, such as the R290 air conditioner and refrigerator, which are proposed by glace and hail; at present, CO2As a colorless, tasteless, nontoxic and nonflammable natural working medium, CO is the key point of researchers in various countries2Most of the applications in the refrigeration system are CO2And NH3Or freon, but these systems are only weakened and fail to eradicate NH3And the effects of freon. In the marketOne is to mix CO2The double-stage compression system is used for preparing low-temperature environment, the condensing mode is mostly air cooling or evaporative cooling, the system is complex, the efficiency is low, and the single CO is rarely adopted in practical application, so that the single CO single-stage compression system is simple in structure and high in efficiency2Refrigeration systems are becoming the industry's preferred.
Current cold storage plate is mostly perpendicular dress structure, and rectangular shape cold storage plate passes through mushroom nail fixed connection on horizontal purlin, because the cold storage plate plays thermal-insulated heat retaining effect, receives the temperature influence all the year round, under the difference in temperature effect of expend with heat and contract with cold, two kinds of serious results below often appearing after using several years: 1. gaps appear at the joints of the refrigerator plates, so that the fluctuation of the refrigerator temperature and the energy consumption of the refrigerator are influenced; 2. gaps appear at the positions of the mushroom nails, and outside water vapor enters the warehouse plate to be condensed and expanded, so that the warehouse plate is expanded and deformed or even cracked, and the attractiveness and the service life of the refrigeration warehouse are influenced.
Therefore, the invention provides a novel low-energy-consumption refrigeration house building framework, a constant-temperature three-dimensional house which has low construction cost, small temperature fluctuation and uniform temperature and takes carbon dioxide as a refrigeration medium, and is the innovation and motivation of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel low-energy-consumption cold storage building framework, which has low construction cost, small fluctuation of the temperature of the cold storage and uniform temperature of the cold storage and takes carbon dioxide as a refrigerating medium.
The invention provides a constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse, which adopts the technical scheme that:
a constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse comprises a cargo access passage, a raft foundation, a warehouse body structure and a refrigerating system, wherein the warehouse body structure is arranged on the raft foundation and comprises a warehouse body and a structural column, the structural column and the warehouse body are of an integrated structure, a hexahedron of the three-dimensional warehouse is provided with a complete and continuous heat insulation structure, and the cargo access passage is provided with a double-passage interlocking door; the refrigerating system is a carbon dioxide refrigerating system capable of continuously supplying cold; the storehouse body includes the storehouse board, be provided with the fossil fragments of being connected with the storehouse board in the storehouse board, one side of storehouse board still is provided with connects the gleitbretter, connect the gleitbretter pass through the mounting with fossil fragments are connected, the storehouse board is transversely installed on vertical purlin, through connect the gleitbretter with vertical purlin is connected.
Preferably, the upper surface and the lower surface of the warehouse board are concave-convex structures which are matched with each other, and a plurality of warehouse boards are mutually meshed after being assembled; the connecting slip sheet is provided with a fine adjustment space after being connected with the vertical purline; the keel is of a hollow structure.
Preferably, the storehouse body structure further comprises cross beams, all the columns of structure columns are connected by the cross beams, and the raft foundation comprises a shelf and a foundation for bearing the structure columns; the continuous heat insulation structures are arranged at the periphery, the top and the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse, and the heat insulation structure at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse is arranged at the bottom of the raft foundation; the heat insulation structure at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse is a heat insulation extruded sheet, the heat insulation structures at the top and around the three-dimensional warehouse are polyurethane heat insulation boards, and the polyurethane heat insulation boards at the top of the three-dimensional warehouse and the polyurethane heat insulation boards around the three-dimensional warehouse are continuously arranged.
Preferably, the refrigeration system comprises an evaporator, and the evaporator is uniformly arranged in a cross beam at the top in the warehouse; the evaporator is a copper tube aluminum fin.
Preferably, the double-channel interlocking door is an up-down rolling door structure or a left-right symmetrical sliding door structure.
Preferably, the refrigerating system comprises an economizer, the economizer comprises a Venturi tube and a ball float valve, the Venturi tube is arranged on a pipeline at the inlet end of the condenser, the ball float valve is arranged on a pipeline between the condenser and the liquid storage device, a throat interface of the Venturi tube is connected with the ball float valve, and gas in the ball float valve can be pumped away through the Venturi tube.
Preferably, the venturi tube is a venturi tube or a venturi group with a plurality of venturi tubes connected in parallel, and the float valve is a float valve group with a float valve or a plurality of float valves connected in series.
Preferably, the ball float valve comprises a valve body, a connecting rod and a floating ball, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the liquid outlet, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the floating ball, and the floating ball is arranged in the valve body; the floating ball type air inlet valve is characterized in that an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are formed in the shell of the floating ball, an inlet check valve is arranged on the air inlet hole, an outlet check valve is arranged on the air outlet hole, the inlet check valve is communicated from the outside of the floating ball shell to the inside, and the outlet check valve is communicated from the inside of the floating ball shell to the outside.
Preferably, an inlet conduit is arranged on the air inlet, one end of the inlet conduit is connected to the inside of the shell of the float valve, the other end of the inlet conduit is connected above a liquid level line of the float valve, and an inlet one-way valve is arranged in the inlet conduit; an outlet guide pipe is arranged on the exhaust hole, one end of the outlet guide pipe is connected to the bottom of the shell of the float valve, the other end of the outlet guide pipe is connected to the outer side of the shell of the float valve, and the outlet one-way valve is arranged in the outlet guide pipe.
Preferably, the refrigeration system is a ground source type carbon dioxide refrigeration system, and comprises a compressor, a ground source type condenser, a liquid storage device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected, wherein one end of the evaporator arranged in the refrigerator is connected with the air inlet end of the compressor, the other end of the evaporator is connected with the liquid storage device, and the ground source type condenser is arranged below a frozen soil layer.
Preferably, the refrigeration system is a flash evaporation type carbon dioxide refrigeration system and comprises a compressor, a flash evaporation type condenser, a liquid storage device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected, a venturi tube is arranged between the compressor and the flash evaporation type condenser, a throat interface of the venturi tube is connected with the liquid storage device, and a pressure difference valve is arranged between the liquid storage device and the flash evaporation type condenser; the flash evaporation type condenser comprises a closed shell, a negative pressure fan, a heat exchange device and a liquid atomization device, wherein the negative pressure fan is arranged on the closed shell, the negative pressure fan enables the inside of the closed shell to form a negative pressure environment, the liquid atomization device and the heat exchange device are arranged in the closed shell, the liquid atomization device sprays atomized liquid into the closed shell, and the atomized liquid is evaporated into steam under the negative pressure environment to condense and liquefy carbon dioxide media in the heat exchange device.
Preferably, the temperature control method of the stereo library comprises the following steps:
first, a set temperature T in a refrigerator is determined0Setting the return difference to △ T and the upper limit of the temperature to Tmax＝T0+ △ T, and a lower temperature limit of Tmin＝T0Collecting the timely output frequency F of the compressor, calculating the timely output frequency in the latest time period to obtain an output frequency average value F1, and continuously operating the compressor under the output frequency average value F1 to continuously supply cold or heat to the refrigeration house;
secondly, collecting the timely temperature in the cold storage through a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the cold storage, and calculating the timely average temperature in the cold storage or the average temperature at intervals of a certain time period; setting the average temperature in due time or the average temperature and the temperature in a certain time interval as an upper limit TmaxComparing, if the average temperature in time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is greater than the upper limit T of the temperature settingmaxIncreasing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to increase the refrigerating capacity; if the average temperature in due time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is less than the set lower limit T of the temperatureminAnd reducing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to reduce the refrigerating capacity.
Preferably, the temperature control device of the three-dimensional warehouse comprises a temperature sensor for collecting the timely temperature, a refrigeration system, a central processing unit PLC and a touch screen, wherein the temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature data to the central processing unit PLC, and the refrigeration system comprises a compressor which continuously runs and an execution part with a gear adjusting function; the touch screen is connected to the central processing unit PLC and used for setting parameters; the central processing unit PLC controls the actuator with gear adjustment function to execute the low gear, the high gear, or keep the gear unchanged according to the received temperature data.
The implementation of the invention comprises the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse.A continuous heat preservation technology is adopted for heat preservation of a structural warehouse body of the constant-temperature three-dimensional warehouse, so that a whole heat preservation structure has no cold bridge, and the heat of an enclosure structure of the freezer is greatly reduced; the temperature control scheme of the three-dimensional warehouse adopts a scheme of continuous cooling and gear adjustment, so that cooling according to needs is realized, and the door of the warehouse adopts a double-channel interlocking door technology, so that the fluctuation degree of the temperature in the warehouse is reduced. The evaporators are uniformly arranged at the top in the warehouse in a grouping manner, so that natural convection heat exchange is performed on air in the warehouse, the uniformity of the temperature in the warehouse is greatly improved, and the constant temperature and humidity are finally realized, so that the food hardly has dry loss in long-time storage, and the evaporator is particularly suitable for storing products which are not suitable for packaging, such as meat, fruits and vegetables, vaccines, medicinal materials, edible fungi, aquatic products and the like; moreover, the constant-temperature three-dimensional warehouse provided by the invention has small floor area, is convenient for automatic operation, and has wide application prospect in the fields of ports, ships, medicines, fruit and vegetable producing areas, crop collecting areas, meat processing and storing and the like. On the premise that the central temperature of goods and the temperature of the warehouse are balanced, the constant-temperature three-dimensional warehouse can ensure that the fluctuation degree of the temperature of the warehouse can be controlled within 0.2 ℃ at the lowest and the unevenness of the temperature of the warehouse is within 0.5 ℃.
According to the invention, after the storage plates are transversely arranged on the vertical purlines, the storage plates are compacted in the vertical direction by dead weight, the upper surface and the lower surface of each storage plate are of concave-convex structures which are matched with each other, and the plurality of storage plates are mutually meshed after being assembled, so that the heat preservation effect is better. Connect the gleitbretter and be connected the back and have the fine setting space with vertical purlin, vertical purlin does not support to die with being connected the gleitbretter promptly, and when the storehouse board produced expend with heat and contract with cold under the effect of difference in temperature, owing to connect the gleitbretter and be connected to have the fine setting space after fixing with vertical purlin, can finely tune the storehouse board through connecting the gleitbretter to solve the bulging deformation problem that the cold expansion and contraction with cold of storehouse board brought among the traditional mounting process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a plate of a constant temperature and humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side sectional structure view of the connected reservoir plate and vertical purlin.
Fig. 4 is a schematic side sectional view of a partial structure of a reservoir plate after the reservoir plate is connected with a vertical purline.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an economizer incorporating a venturi and a float valve.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a float valve.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the floating ball structure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground source type carbon dioxide refrigeration system.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flash evaporation type carbon dioxide refrigeration system.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a flash condenser structure.
In the figure: 1. a compressor; 2. a reservoir; 3. adjusting the expansion valve; 4. a condenser; 41. a ground source condenser; 42. a flash condenser; 420. a negative pressure fan; 421. a closed housing; 422. a heat exchange device 423 and a liquid atomization device; 424. a first hydrostatic chamber; 425. a second hydrostatic pocket; 426. a pressure regulating device; 427. a water replenishing device; 5. an evaporator; 6. a temperature sensor; 7. a cross beam; 8. a structural column; 81. a shelf; 9. a raft foundation; 10. a heat preservation structure; 11. a cargo access passage; 12. a dual-channel interlocking door; 13. storing plates; 14. a keel; 15. connecting the sliding sheet; 16. a fixing member; 17. a vertical purlin; 18. fine tuning the space; 19. a relief structure; 20. a venturi tube; 21. a one-way valve; 22. a float valve; 220. a floating ball; 221. a connecting rod; 222. a valve body; 223. an inlet check valve; 224. an outlet check valve; 225. an inlet conduit; 226. an outlet conduit; 227. a housing; 228. a liquid outlet; 229. a liquid inlet; 230. an air outlet; 23. a differential pressure valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and drawings, it being noted that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not limit it in any way.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in the three-dimensional constant temperature and humidity warehouse provided in this embodiment, the three-dimensional warehouse includes a cargo access passage 11, a raft foundation 9, a warehouse body structure and a refrigeration system, the warehouse body structure is disposed on the raft foundation 9, the warehouse body structure includes a warehouse body and a structural column 8, the structural column 8 and the warehouse body are of an integrated structure, the warehouse body includes a warehouse slab 13, a hexahedron of the three-dimensional warehouse is provided with a complete and continuous thermal insulation structure 10, and the cargo access passage 11 is provided with a double-channel interlock door 12; the refrigerating system is a carbon dioxide refrigerating system capable of continuously supplying cold, and comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 4, a liquid storage device 2, an adjusting expansion valve 3 and an evaporator 5 which are sequentially connected.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the embodiment, a keel 14 connected with a warehouse board 13 is arranged in the warehouse board 13, a connecting slip sheet 15 is further arranged on one side of the warehouse board 13, the connecting slip sheet 15 is connected with the keel 14 through a fixing member 16 (a self-tapping screw or a dovetail screw), and the warehouse board 13 is transversely installed on a vertical purline 17 and is connected with the vertical purline 17 through the connecting slip sheet 15. After storehouse board 13 transversely installed on vertical purlin 17, vertical direction is by the dead weight compaction, and the upper and lower two sides of storehouse board 13 are the concave-convex structure 19 of mutually supporting, intermeshing after the equipment of polylith storehouse board, and the heat preservation effect is better, in view of under the condition of expend with heat and contract with cold, connects gleitbretter 15 and can slide on vertical purlin 17, avoids storehouse board 13 inflation, perhaps the crack leaks cold. Referring to fig. 4, connecting slip sheet 15 and vertical purlin 17 and being connected later have fine setting space 18, vertical purlin 17 does not support to die with connecting slip sheet 15 promptly, and when storehouse board 13 produced expend with heat and contract with cold under the effect of difference in temperature, owing to connect slip sheet 15 and vertical purlin 17 and be connected and fix later have fine setting space 18, can finely tune storehouse board 13 through connecting slip sheet 15 to solve the bulging deformation problem that storehouse board 13 expend with cold and contract with cold in traditional mounting process and bring. The keel 14 is a hollow structure made of a material with low heat conductivity coefficient, the hollow structure can reduce the weight of the warehouse body, and the keel 14 structure can also enhance the strength of the warehouse board 13. The structure of the warehouse board 13 and the installation process thereof in the embodiment solve the problems of board seam cold leakage, warehouse board 13 bulging deformation and the like caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction of the warehouse board 13 in four seasons of the year through a slidable adjustment installation mode.
Referring to fig. 1, the warehouse structure further comprises cross beams 7, each row of structural columns 8 are connected by the cross beams 7, the raft foundation 9 comprises shelves 81 and foundations bearing the structural columns 8, the continuous heat-insulating structures 10 are arranged on the periphery, the top and the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse, and the heat-insulating structures 10 at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse are arranged at the bottom of the raft foundation 9. And a heat insulation layer is also arranged around the cargo access passage 11 for heat insulation treatment. In this embodiment, the heat insulation structure 10 at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse is a heat insulation extruded sheet; the heat insulation structures 10 at the top and around the three-dimensional warehouse are polyurethane heat insulation plates, and the polyurethane heat insulation plates at the top of the three-dimensional warehouse and the polyurethane heat insulation plates around the three-dimensional warehouse are continuously arranged, so that the whole heat insulation structure 10 has no cold bridge, and the heat of the enclosure structure of the refrigeration house is greatly reduced. More preferably, polyurethane foam rubber is arranged at the joint between the polyurethane insulation boards at the periphery of the three-dimensional warehouse and the insulation extruded sheet at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse. The embodiment ensures the continuity of heat preservation of the warehouse body by treating the connection part of the polyurethane plates around the three-dimensional warehouse and the underground extrusion molding heat preservation plate by using polyurethane foaming glue.
Because the structure of the three-dimensional storehouse of constant temperature of this embodiment adopts raft foundation 9, storehouse frame integral type structure, structure post and crossbeam are bearing the building vertical force as the structure in the storehouse promptly, the goods shelves only bear the load of goods in vertical direction, in the horizontal direction, connect into whole with structure post, goods shelves, the storehouse body etc. and improve whole horizontal direction power, like wind load etc. this kind can utilize limited area to a great extent, the storage capacity of whole freezer has been improved, be convenient for automation again, standardization and standardization operation. The common low-temperature refrigeration house or the separated low-temperature refrigeration house with the shelf has overlarge structure and overhigh manufacturing cost, and the framework of the refrigeration house is connected with the ground to easily generate a cold bridge, thereby wasting a large amount of refrigeration energy. And this embodiment has realized raft foundation 9, storehouse frame integral type structure, with the heated board with whole low temperature freezer parcel including, not only can bear great wind load, the cost is reduced makes whole insulation construction 10 do not have the cold bridge moreover, greatly reduced the envelope heat of freezer. Since the present embodiment can utilize the space in the library to the maximum extent. The embodiment forms the goods shelf, the warehouse body, the foundation and the structural member into a whole, and the shock resistance of the embodiment is greatly improved.
According to the construction method of the constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse, the pressure-resistant high-density heat-insulation extruded sheet is paved at the lower part, concrete is poured on the extruded sheet to serve as a foundation, the structural columns 8 are sequentially erected and assembled on the foundation through a crane, the installation requirement of the whole goods shelf is required to reach the design precision, all the rows of structural columns 8 are connected through the upper cross beam 7, the polyurethane heat-insulation board is installed in the hexahedron of the warehouse body after the evaporator 5 is installed in the interval of the cross beam 7, the interval of the structural columns 8 is integrally wrapped, the whole heat insulation is continuous, no cold bridge exists, the system energy efficiency is improved, and the electricity consumption of the.
Referring to fig. 1, the evaporators 5 (fin top rows or air coolers) are uniformly arranged in groups in the beam 7 at the top of the warehouse, which not only effectively utilizes the space in the beam 7, but also facilitates the overall uniformity in the warehouse. The evaporators 5 are uniformly arranged at the top in the warehouse in a grouping mode, natural convection is generated by utilizing natural falling of cold air and rising of hot air, the uniformity of the temperature in the warehouse is greatly improved, and finally the constancy of the temperature and the humidity is realized, so that the food hardly has dry consumption in long-time storage, and the evaporator is particularly suitable for storing products which are not suitable for packaging, such as meat, fruits and vegetables, vaccines, medicinal materials, edible fungi, aquatic products and the like. Preferably, the evaporimeter 5 of this embodiment is copper pipe aluminum fin to reinforcing heat transfer effect sets up the copper pipe through every copper pipe aluminum fin of group simultaneously into a whole copper pipe, with the reduction welding point, improves the reliability of connecting. The fin top calandria adopts a hot air defrosting mode to defrost according to the grouping of the fin top calandria. The fin top exhaust pipe of the embodiment adopts a hot defrosting mode, and defrosting is sequentially carried out in groups, so that the fluctuation degree and uniformity of the temperature in the storage during defrosting are ensured. The temperature sensors 6 are uniformly arranged in the cold storage, and specifically, the temperature sensors can be arranged into three layers, two in each layer.
Referring to fig. 1, when goods pass in and out, the goods are easy to wait outside the door and accumulate due to the existing cold storage door structure, so that the working efficiency is low, and a large amount of cold energy in the cold storage is leaked. Therefore, the present embodiment adopts the structure of the double-way interlocking door 12, when the goods enter the previous door, the next door is closed; when the goods enter the conveyor belt behind the front door, the front door is closed, the rear door is opened, the conveyor belt is driven by the conveyor motor, and the goods are conveyed into the refrigeration house behind the rear door; when the goods are taken out of the refrigerator, the rear door can be opened firstly, the rear door is closed after the goods enter the conveying belt in front of the rear door, the front door is opened again, the goods are conveyed out, a small conveying closed space is formed in front of the refrigerator, and the loss of cold energy is reduced when the goods enter and exit. Specifically, the structure of the double-channel interlocking door 12 is an upper and lower rolling door structure or a bilaterally symmetrical sliding door structure, and the upper and lower rolling door structure refers to an upper and lower rolling door structure which is opened up and down along a central line respectively and is closed simultaneously; the left-right symmetrical sliding door structure is provided with an upper roller shutter and a lower roller shutter, and the left and right roller shutters are respectively opened along a central line when opened and are also closed; by adopting the technical scheme, the door opening and closing of the refrigeration house and the whole process of goods entering and exiting can be automatically controlled, and the aims of short time consumption, stable and reliable operation, high efficiency and energy conservation in the opening and closing process are achieved.
Referring to fig. 5, the refrigerating system includes an economizer including a venturi tube 20 and a ball float valve 22, the venturi tube 20 is provided on a pipe at an inlet end of the condenser 4, the ball float valve 22 is provided on a pipe between the condenser 4 and the reservoir 2, a throat interface of the venturi tube 20 is connected to the ball float valve 22, and gas in the ball float valve 22 can be pumped away through the venturi tube. A check valve 21 is provided between the venturi tube 20 and the float valve 22. The venturi 20 may be a venturi 20 or a venturi group of multiple venturis 20 in parallel, and the float valve 22 may be a float valve 22 or a group of float valves 22 in series with multiple float valves 22.
The venturi 20 is based on the venturi effect, which is a phenomenon that the flow rate of the fluid increases when the restricted flow passes through a reduced flow cross section, and the flow rate is inversely proportional to the flow cross section. This effect is colloquially referred to as the creation of a low pressure in the vicinity of a high velocity flowing fluid, thereby creating an adsorption effect. The venturi tube 20 accelerates the gas flow rate by reducing the gas flow from coarse to fine; the low pressure generated near the high-speed flowing gas can form a negative pressure environment inside the venturi tube 20, and the negative pressure environment can generate a certain adsorption effect on the communicated external environment.
In addition, it should be particularly noted that the venturi tube 20 does not need to provide additional power during the operation process, i.e. no power component such as a motor is added, and the circulation operation can be realized completely depending on the physical properties of the carbon dioxide itself. Carbon dioxide itself has the characteristics of high critical pressure (higher pressure in a gaseous state) and low critical temperature (easier to maintain in a gaseous state at a lower temperature), and compared with other refrigerants, the carbon dioxide refrigerant has higher flow velocity in the venturi tube 20 and lower generated low pressure, so that the negative pressure environment in the venturi tube 20 has stronger adsorption effect, and therefore, the physical properties of the carbon dioxide refrigerant can maintain and promote the rapid and efficient operation of the venturi tube 20.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the ball float valve 22 includes a valve body 222, a connecting rod 221 and a ball float 220, wherein one end of the connecting rod 221 is connected to the liquid outlet 228, the other end is connected to the ball float 220, and the ball float 220 is disposed in the valve body 222; an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are formed in the shell 227 of the floating ball 220, an inlet check valve 223 is arranged on the air inlet hole, an outlet check valve 224 is arranged on the air outlet hole, the inlet check valve 223 is communicated with the inside of the shell 227 of the floating ball 220, and the outlet check valve 224 is communicated with the outside of the shell 227 of the floating ball 220; in the float valve 22 based on the novel float ball 220 structure of the embodiment, two reverse check valves are mounted on the complete float ball 220 shell 227 to realize that the pressure in the ball shell is equal to the pressure in the cavity of the valve body 222, so that the problem of differential pressure is solved; the floating ball 220 realizes the displacement of the floating ball 220 in height by the buoyancy of liquid and the gravity difference of the spherical shell, and the problem that the floating ball 220 is unbalanced when the pressure of a closed air bag in the floating ball 220 is changed is avoided. Has the advantages of the traditional spherical floating ball 220 and the traditional hemispherical floating ball 220, not only can play the role of controlling the flow and the liquid level of the system, but also has more outstanding advantages in the industries requiring gas-liquid separation, such as refrigeration, and the like, for example, CO2A refrigeration system.
An inlet duct 225 is provided on the inlet port, one end of the inlet duct 225 is connected to the inside of the housing 227 of the float valve 22, the other end is connected to above the liquid level line of the float valve 22, and an inlet check valve 223 is provided in the inlet duct 225. An outlet conduit 226 is arranged on the exhaust hole, one end of the outlet conduit 226 is connected to the bottom of the shell 227 of the float valve 22, and the other end is connected to the outer side of the shell 227 of the float valve 22; an outlet check valve 224 is disposed in an outlet conduit 226. The outlet check valve 224 is extended to the bottom to prevent the gas in the floating ball 220 from liquefying due to temperature or pressure fluctuation or prevent the outside liquid from accidentally entering the floating ball 220, when the pressure in the floating ball 220 is high, the liquid is discharged out of the shell 227 through the check valve and the thin tube under the condition of instantaneous pressure fluctuation, thereby not changing the self weight of the floating ball 220 and ensuring the operation safety. The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the upper half part of the floating ball 220; the outlet conduit 226 is of a bent construction. The inlet port 229 and the outlet port 228 of the float valve 22 are disposed at the bottom of the valve body 222. The valve body 222 of the float valve 22 is further provided with an air outlet 230, the air outlet 230 is arranged at the top of the valve body 222 and can be used for gas-liquid separation, so that gas-liquid two-phase liquid is separated in the cavity of the float valve 22, and the gas-liquid two-phase temperature is uniform. The link 221 is of a straight arm structure or a curved arm structure. The exit port 228 is provided with a valve to control the flow of liquid therethrough.
Furthermore, a fire-fighting pipeline is arranged in the constant-temperature three-dimensional refrigerator, and the fire-fighting pipeline in the refrigerator is connected with a liquid storage device for storing liquid carbon dioxide. The fire-fighting and refrigerating system shares a carbon dioxide working medium, and the system has good timeliness and effectiveness in building fire fighting by utilizing the advantages of strong fire extinguishing performance and high pressure of carbon dioxide.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 8, a difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the refrigeration system is a ground source type carbon dioxide refrigeration system, and the refrigeration system of the present embodiment includes a compressor 1, an evaporator 5, a ground source type condenser 41 and a liquid reservoir 2 which are connected in sequence, the ground source type condenser 41 is disposed below a frozen soil layer, and the heat of the condenser is conducted to the ground by using the characteristic that the underground normal temperature is not higher than the critical temperature (31.1 ℃) for liquefying carbon dioxide, so that not only is the problem that the carbon dioxide refrigerant cannot be liquefied when the condenser exceeds the critical temperature (31.1 ℃) for liquefying carbon dioxide solved, but also the efficiency is greatly improved. The high-pressure refrigerant carbon dioxide gas enters a condenser arranged underground, is condensed into high-pressure carbon dioxide liquid after releasing heat, and enters an evaporator 5 through an adjusting expansion valve 3 after being condensed into liquid, and then is changed back into the carbon dioxide gas to absorb heat and refrigerate the refrigeration house. The ground source type refrigeration technology is adopted, and the method has the following advantages: firstly, the working condition is stable, the condensing temperature is low, the efficiency is high, and the condensing temperature cannot fluctuate along with seasonal changes; second, condensation by heat conduction with the formation without any energy consumption; and thirdly, the environment is protected, and the environment is not polluted. Fourthly, according to the characteristic of constant temperature of the stratum, when the system is shut down or abnormal conditions occur, the refrigerant carbon dioxide can be stored in the condenser, and the effect of protecting the safety of the system is achieved.
The liquid storage device 2 comprises a stainless steel shell and heat preservation layers arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the stainless steel shell, and the outer wall of the stainless steel shell is coated with a preservative and is arranged at a certain distance below the ground. After heat preservation and antiseptic treatment, the artificial wetland is implanted to a certain depth underground, so that the influence of the environment on the artificial wetland is reduced; the problem of high pressure of the whole system when other carbon dioxide refrigeration systems are shut down for a long time is solved by utilizing the low temperature type and the heat insulation property of the stratum soil.
Example 3
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the refrigeration system, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, includes a compressor 1, an evaporator 5, a liquid storage device 2, and a flash evaporation type condenser 42, which are connected in sequence, as shown in fig. 10, a venturi tube 20 is disposed between the compressor 1 and the flash evaporation type condenser 42, and a throat interface of the venturi tube 20 is connected to the liquid storage device 2; a pressure difference valve 23 is arranged between the liquid storage device 2 and the flash condenser 42, and the carbon dioxide gas-liquid mixture flowing out of the flash condenser 42 enters the liquid storage device 2 through the pressure difference valve 23. The condensing pressure in the flash condenser 42 needs to be maintained within a suitable range (usually less than 120 Kg/cm)2Higher than the evaporation pressure by 30-40 Kg/cm2) The condensing pressure is too high, which can affect the safe operation of the system, and the condensing pressure is too low, which can affect the normal operation of the system. The pressure difference valve 23 can adjust the condensing pressure in the flash evaporation type condenser 42, so that the condensing pressure is kept in a proper range, and the normal operation of the system is ensured. In addition, the differential pressure valve 23 also has a certain throttling function, and the throttling function can further promote liquefaction of carbon dioxide gas flowing through, so that the amount of liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid reservoir 2 is increased. The flash evaporation type condenser 42 comprises a closed shell 421, a negative pressure fan 420, a heat exchange device 422 and a liquid atomization device 423, wherein the negative pressure fan 420 is arranged on the closed shell 421, the negative pressure fan 420 enables the inside of the closed shell 421 to form a negative pressure environment, and the liquid atomization device 423 and the heat exchange device 423422 is arranged in the closed shell 421, the liquid atomizing device 423 sprays the atomized liquid into the closed shell 421, the atomized liquid is evaporated into steam in the negative pressure environment, and the carbon dioxide medium in the heat exchange device 422 is condensed and liquefied.
Further, the amount of air exhausted by the negative pressure fan 420 is larger than the evaporation amount of the atomized liquid in the closed housing 421. On one hand, the steam in the closed shell 421 can be sufficiently exhausted to improve the evaporation efficiency of the atomized liquid, and on the other hand, the negative pressure environment in the closed shell 421 can be maintained. The pressure in the hydrostatic chamber in the closed housing 421 is 20Pa or more below the ambient atmospheric pressure. The condensing pressure in the condensing pipe is not higher than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide, and the critical pressure of carbon dioxide is 74Kg/cm2。
A first static pressure cavity 424 is formed between the negative pressure fan 420 and the heat exchange device 422, a second static pressure cavity 425 is formed between the liquid atomization device 423 and the heat exchange device 422, the negative pressure fan 420 enables a negative pressure environment to be formed in the second static pressure cavity 425, and the liquid atomization device 423 sprays atomized liquid into the second static pressure cavity 425 so that the atomized liquid is evaporated into steam.
The flash condenser 42 includes a pressure regulating device 426, an air inlet of the pressure regulating device 426 is disposed outside the sealed casing 421, an air outlet of the pressure regulating device 426 is disposed inside the sealed casing 421, and a regulated air flow can be fed into the sealed casing 421 through the pressure regulating device 426 to promote the flow of the vapor inside the sealed casing 421 and form aerosol inside the sealed casing 421. The liquid atomization device 423 comprises a water replenishing device 427, preferably a softened water replenishing device 427, and can remove inorganic salt substances such as calcium, magnesium and the like, water is treated by the softened water replenishing device 427, no external impurities enter the water, scaling of the condensation pipe is avoided to the greatest extent, and the service life of the condensation pipe is prolonged.
The flash condenser 42 has the following technical effects:
1. the evaporation of the atomized water is promoted in the closed negative pressure environment, so that the overall temperature in the closed environment is reduced, the heat exchange device 422 can achieve a refrigeration effect in a low-temperature environment through radiation, is not influenced by the temperature and the humidity of external natural wind, and can be suitable for being used in more areas in different environments;
under the negative pressure environment, the small particles of atomized water are dispersed and suspended in the gas medium to form a colloid dispersion system, so that aerosol is formed, and the aerosol has unique regularity because the dispersion medium of the aerosol is gas, the viscosity of the gas is low, the density difference between the dispersion medium and the dispersion medium is large, and the particles are easy to bond and volatilize when colliding with each other. The aerosol particles have relatively large specific surface and surface energy, so that the liquefied water can be quickly evaporated, and the refrigeration effect is improved. In practical application, considering that the external air is convenient and easy to take, a small amount of air is introduced as the gas medium for atomizing the water and suspending small particles, and in order that the flash evaporation type condenser 42 is not influenced by the temperature and humidity of the air entering from the outside, part of steam can be introduced as the gas medium from the outlet of the negative pressure fan 420.
The atomized water that water atomization plant produced is flash distillation fast in the negative pressure environment that holds the chamber, is steam by the water smoke phase transition, absorbs the heat, makes the ambient temperature in the closed shell 421 reduce. The steam flashed out by the atomized water can be discharged out of the closed shell 421 through the negative pressure fan 420, so that the atomized water in the accommodating chamber is continuously evaporated into steam to release cold energy; the steam is continuously exhausted out of the closed shell 421 through the negative pressure fan 420 to complete the refrigeration. The substance can be cooled, lowered in temperature, and the like by the low-temperature environment in the closed casing 421.
2. The flash evaporation type closed condenser has small installed capacity and small occupied area of the whole equipment because the heat exchange with the external environment by convection is not needed in the refrigeration process, thereby being convenient for installation and saving space;
3. the flash evaporation formula of this embodiment seals condenser and realizes the refrigeration completely through atomizing water evaporation, and the process that water becomes gaseous state by liquid can enough release cold volume refrigeration, and the temperature of equipment exhaust steam can not rise simultaneously yet, consequently does not actually have the heat to discharge in the atmosphere at the refrigeration in-process, can not produce the heat island effect, and not only refrigeration efficiency is high, and the refrigeration effect is reliable and stable.
Example 4
This embodiment provides a high-precision temperature control method on the basis of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
The cold storage is a special building which needs to keep a low-temperature state for a long time, and the temperature of the cold storage needs to be controlled and kept in the operation process. In recent years, the use function of refrigerators has changed, and refrigerators have shifted from the original storage type to the mass flow type. Goods stored in the storage type refrigeration house are not circulated for a long time, so that the temperature of the storage type refrigeration house is stable. The logistics type refrigeration house emphasizes the turnover speed of goods in the refrigeration house, and in the links of warehousing and delivery of goods, the door of the refrigeration house is frequently opened, and even part of the refrigeration house is not closed after the door is opened, so that the temperature fluctuation of the refrigeration house is frequent, and a refrigeration system is also frequently started and stopped in the daytime. Therefore, although the degree of automatic control of the refrigeration system of the refrigeration house is increased, the energy-saving effect is not obvious.
In the prior art, the constant temperature control of the refrigeration house mostly adopts a frequency conversion technology, the frequency conversion technology adopts a frequency conversion compressor to control the temperature of the refrigeration house, and the frequency conversion compressor is a compressor with constant relative rotating speed, and the rotating speed of the compressor is continuously adjusted within a certain range through a control mode or means, so that the output energy of the compressor 1 can be continuously changed. The frequency conversion technology is used in the air conditioning field with relaxed temperature fluctuation requirement or the field with small refrigerating space and has the effect. In the field of refrigeration houses, as is well known, the refrigeration house has large volume capacity and temperature fluctuation with inertia, and the constant temperature of the refrigeration house cannot be effectively kept by using a continuous small-range adjusting frequency conversion technology in the refrigeration house. Based on the above technical problem, the present embodiment provides a high-precision temperature control method:
first, a set temperature T in a refrigerator is determined0Setting the return difference to △ T and the upper limit of the temperature to Tmax＝T0+ △ T, and a lower temperature limit of Tmin＝T0- △ T, collecting the timely output frequency F of the compressor, calculating the timely output frequency in the last time period to obtain the average value F1 of the output frequency, the compressor continuously operates under the average value F1 of the output frequency to continuously supply cold or heat to the cold storage, and the average value F1 of the continuous output frequency of the compressor is dynamic along with the timeThe output frequency of the compressor can be automatically adjusted by the arrangement so as to resist the influence of the change of the external temperature on the refrigeration house. For example, the external temperature suddenly drops or rises, and a large quantity of goods enter or are taken out from a refrigeration house, the output frequency of the compressor is inevitably changed to realize balance, and at the moment, the system can be automatically adjusted by dynamically adjusting the output frequency of the compressor, so that temperature fluctuation is avoided.
Secondly, collecting the timely temperature in the cold storage through a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the cold storage, and calculating the timely average temperature in the cold storage or the average temperature at intervals of a certain time period; setting the average temperature in due time or the average temperature and the temperature in a certain time interval as an upper limit TmaxComparing, if the average temperature in time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is greater than the upper limit T of the temperature settingmaxIncreasing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to increase the refrigerating capacity; if the average temperature in due time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is less than the set lower limit T of the temperatureminAnd reducing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to reduce the refrigerating capacity. Increasing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to increase the refrigerating capacity is to increase the output frequency by m percent on the basis of the average value F1 of the output frequency of the compressor in the latest time period; the output frequency of the compressor is decreased by a set gear to increase the cooling capacity in such a manner that the output frequency of m% is subtracted on the basis of the average value F1 of the output frequency of the compressor in the last period of time. With respect to the length of the time period, one skilled in the art can set it as desired.
A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above steps.
For more convenient understanding of the present invention, for example, the temperature of the freezer is set to-18 ℃, assuming that a 30HZ compressor is required to continuously supply cold to the freezer, the timely temperature in the freezer is collected by a temperature sensor in the freezer, if the timely temperature is greater than-18 +0.001 ℃, the output frequency of the compressor is increased (for example, 10HZ to 40HZ is increased) according to the set gear, if the timely temperature is less than-18-0.001 ℃, the output frequency of the compressor is decreased (for example, 10HZ to 20HZ is decreased) according to the set gear, and the temperature and the output frequency of the compressor are timely monitored to perform dynamic regulation, so that the problem of excessive temperature difference caused by temperature fluctuation inertia is avoided. Through setting for minimum temperature fluctuation value, can be with temperature fluctuation control in minimum temperature difference scope, and the gear of setting for of compressor can be according to the capacity isoparametric of freezer, combines the converter to adjust, and this department is no longer repeated.
In the embodiment, the temperature fluctuation of the refrigeration house and the nonuniformity of the temperature in the refrigeration house caused by the natural loss of the cooling capacity in the refrigeration house can be overcome by continuously supplying the cold into the refrigeration house; the cold is supplied to the cold storage from the top continuously, the cold air with low temperature is heavier, the hot air with higher temperature is lighter, the cold air continuously goes downwards, the hot air continuously goes upwards, and finally the cold storage with uniform temperature is formed. If goods discrepancy freezer, or other unexpected reasons cause the temperature fluctuation, adjust through the mode of in good time monitoring actual temperature in the freezer, especially adjust through the gear according to certain frequency to the compressor, compare present frequency conversion technique and switching value control technique, the hot inertia and the cold inertia of the change of overcoming the difference in temperature that can be better. If the timely average temperature in the cold storage is larger than the set upper limit T of the temperaturemaxThe output frequency of the compressor is increased according to the set gear, namely relatively large cold energy is given, so that the timely temperature of the refrigeration house cannot be continuously increased and returns to a normal value in a short time, and the temperature inertia is overcome; if the timely average temperature in the cold storage is less than the set lower limit T of the temperatureminThe output frequency of the compressor is reduced according to the set gear, namely relatively large heat is given, so that the timely temperature of the refrigeration house cannot be continuously reduced, the refrigeration house returns to a normal value in a short time, and the temperature inertia is overcome.
Through the temperature control mode, the temperature fluctuation degree in the refrigeration house of the embodiment is 0.2 ℃, the temperature unevenness is 0.5 ℃, and the indexes reach the international leading level in the industry.
The invention also provides a high-precision temperature control device which comprises a temperature sensor for collecting the timely temperature, a refrigeration system, a central processing unit PLC and a touch screen, wherein the temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature data to the central processing unit PLC; the touch screen is connected to the central processing unit PLC and is used for setting parameters such as temperature and the like; the central processing unit PLC controls the executive component with the gear adjusting function to be a low gear, a high gear or keep the gear unchanged according to the received temperature data.
The central processing unit PLC is used for setting the average temperature in due time or the average temperature in a certain time interval and the upper limit T of the temperaturemaxComparing, if the average temperature in time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is greater than the upper limit T of the temperature settingmaxIncreasing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to increase the refrigerating capacity; if the average temperature in due time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is less than the set lower limit T of the temperatureminAnd reducing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to reduce the refrigerating capacity.
The central processing unit PLC is used for continuously calculating the timely output frequency in the latest time period to obtain an output frequency average value F1, transmitting the output frequency average value F1 to the execution component, controlling the compressor to continuously operate under the output frequency average value F1 and continuously supplying cold or heat to the refrigeration house, and the continuous output frequency average value F1 of the compressor is dynamic along with the time.
The executive component with the gear adjusting function is an inverter, the compressor is a compressor capable of adjusting the output frequency, and the inverter can adjust the output frequency of the compressor to be in a low gear (F1-m%), a high gear (F1+ m%), or keep the gear unchanged (F1).
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional storehouse of constant temperature and humidity, three-dimensional storehouse includes goods access way, raft foundation, storehouse body structure and refrigerating system, its characterized in that: the storehouse body structure is arranged on the raft foundation and comprises a storehouse body and structural columns, the structural columns and the storehouse body are of an integrated structure, a complete and continuous heat insulation structure is arranged in a hexahedron of the three-dimensional storehouse, and double-channel interlocking doors are arranged on the cargo access channel; the refrigerating system is a carbon dioxide refrigerating system capable of continuously supplying cold; the storehouse body includes the storehouse board, be provided with the fossil fragments of being connected with the storehouse board in the storehouse board, one side of storehouse board still is provided with connects the gleitbretter, connect the gleitbretter pass through the mounting with fossil fragments are connected, the storehouse board is transversely installed on vertical purlin, through connect the gleitbretter with vertical purlin is connected.
2. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface and the lower surface of the storehouse plates are of concave-convex structures which are matched with each other, and the storehouse plates are mutually meshed after being assembled; and a fine adjustment space is formed after the connecting slip sheet is connected with the vertical purline.
3. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: the storehouse body structure further comprises cross beams, all the rows of structural columns are connected through the cross beams, and the raft foundation comprises a goods shelf and a foundation for bearing the structural columns; the continuous heat insulation structures are arranged at the periphery, the top and the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse, and the heat insulation structure at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse is arranged at the bottom of the raft foundation; the heat insulation structure at the bottom of the three-dimensional warehouse is a heat insulation extruded sheet, the heat insulation structures at the top and around the three-dimensional warehouse are polyurethane heat insulation boards, and the polyurethane heat insulation boards at the top of the three-dimensional warehouse and the polyurethane heat insulation boards around the three-dimensional warehouse are continuously arranged.
4. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigerating system comprises an evaporator, and the evaporator is arranged in a cross beam at the top in the warehouse; the evaporator is a copper tube aluminum fin.
5. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double-channel interlocking door is of an up-down rolling door structure or a bilaterally symmetrical sliding door structure.
6. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: refrigerating system includes the economic ware, the economic ware includes venturi and ball-cock assembly, venturi sets up on the pipeline of condenser entry end, the ball-cock assembly sets up on the pipeline between condenser and the reservoir, the throat interface of venturi with the ball-cock assembly is connected, gas in the ball-cock assembly can be taken away through venturi.
7. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 6, characterized in that: the venturi tube is a venturi tube or a venturi group formed by connecting a plurality of venturi tubes in parallel, and the ball float valve is a ball float valve group formed by connecting a ball float valve or a plurality of ball float valves in series.
8. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 6, characterized in that: the floating ball valve comprises a valve body, a connecting rod and a floating ball, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the liquid outlet, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the floating ball, and the floating ball is arranged in the valve body; the floating ball type air inlet valve is characterized in that an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are formed in the shell of the floating ball, an inlet check valve is arranged on the air inlet hole, an outlet check valve is arranged on the air outlet hole, the inlet check valve is communicated from the outside of the floating ball shell to the inside, and the outlet check valve is communicated from the inside of the floating ball shell to the outside.
9. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 8, characterized in that: an inlet conduit is arranged on the air inlet, one end of the inlet conduit is connected to the inside of the shell of the float valve, the other end of the inlet conduit is connected above the liquid level line of the float valve, and an inlet check valve is arranged in the inlet conduit; an outlet guide pipe is arranged on the exhaust hole, one end of the outlet guide pipe is connected to the bottom of the shell of the float valve, the other end of the outlet guide pipe is connected to the outer side of the shell of the float valve, and the outlet one-way valve is arranged in the outlet guide pipe.
10. The constant-temperature constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fire-fighting pipeline is installed in the constant-temperature three-dimensional refrigerator, and the fire-fighting pipeline in the refrigerator is connected with a liquid storage device for storing liquid carbon dioxide.
11. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: the refrigerating system is a ground source type carbon dioxide refrigerating system and comprises a compressor, a ground source type condenser, a liquid storage device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected, one end of the evaporator arranged in a refrigerator is connected with an air inlet end of the compressor, the other end of the evaporator is connected with the liquid storage device, and the ground source type condenser is arranged below a frozen soil layer.
12. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: the refrigerating system is a flash evaporation type carbon dioxide refrigerating system and comprises a compressor, a flash evaporation type condenser, a liquid storage device and an evaporator which are sequentially connected, a Venturi tube is arranged between the compressor and the flash evaporation type condenser, a throat interface of the Venturi tube is connected with the liquid storage device, and a pressure difference valve is arranged between the liquid storage device and the flash evaporation type condenser; the flash evaporation type condenser comprises a closed shell, a negative pressure fan, a heat exchange device and a liquid atomization device, wherein the negative pressure fan is arranged on the closed shell, the negative pressure fan enables the inside of the closed shell to form a negative pressure environment, the liquid atomization device and the heat exchange device are arranged in the closed shell, the liquid atomization device sprays atomized liquid into the closed shell, and the atomized liquid is evaporated into steam under the negative pressure environment to condense and liquefy carbon dioxide media in the heat exchange device.
13. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: the temperature control method of the three-dimensional library comprises the following steps:
first, the settings in the refrigerator are determinedConstant temperature T0Setting the return difference to △ T and the upper limit of the temperature to Tmax＝T0+ △ T, and a lower temperature limit of Tmin＝T0Collecting the timely output frequency F of the compressor, calculating the timely output frequency in the latest time period to obtain an output frequency average value F1, and continuously operating the compressor under the output frequency average value F1 to continuously supply cold or heat to the refrigeration house;
secondly, collecting the timely temperature in the cold storage through a plurality of temperature sensors arranged in the cold storage, and calculating the timely average temperature in the cold storage or the average temperature at intervals of a certain time period; setting the average temperature in due time or the average temperature and the temperature in a certain time interval as an upper limit TmaxComparing, if the average temperature in time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is greater than the upper limit T of the temperature settingmaxIncreasing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to increase the refrigerating capacity; if the average temperature in due time or the average temperature in a certain time interval is less than the set lower limit T of the temperatureminAnd reducing the output frequency of the compressor according to the set gear to reduce the refrigerating capacity.
14. The constant-temperature and constant-humidity three-dimensional warehouse according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: the temperature control device of the three-dimensional warehouse comprises a temperature sensor for collecting the timely temperature, a refrigeration system, a central processing unit PLC and a touch screen, wherein the temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature data to the central processing unit PLC; the touch screen is connected to the central processing unit PLC and used for setting parameters; the central processing unit PLC controls the actuator with gear adjustment function to execute the low gear, the high gear, or keep the gear unchanged according to the received temperature data.
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