CN112325360A - Single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system - Google Patents
Single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112325360A CN112325360A CN202011268833.8A CN202011268833A CN112325360A CN 112325360 A CN112325360 A CN 112325360A CN 202011268833 A CN202011268833 A CN 202011268833A CN 112325360 A CN112325360 A CN 112325360A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009688 liquid atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003238 somatosensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1045—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system which comprises a carbon dioxide compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a heat exchange piece and a phase change energy storage device, wherein the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchange piece, the heat exchange piece is connected with a gas suction end of the carbon dioxide compressor, the phase change energy storage device comprises a heat preservation tank and a heat storage medium positioned in the heat preservation tank, the heat exchange piece is arranged in the heat preservation tank, and the heat storage medium is connected with one or more of a light energy heat collector, an air energy heat collector or a ground source energy heat collector. The beneficial effects are as follows: the carbon dioxide heat pump system preferentially utilizes light energy, air energy or ground source energy in the whole winter, can utilize solar energy to melt ice and store heat when sunlight is sufficient, is green and environment-friendly, can also utilize the air energy and the ground source energy simultaneously, and starts the flash evaporation heat exchanger when the heat of the energy storage device is not enough, so that the normal operation of heat exchange in the whole winter is ensured. The heating efficiency of the carbon dioxide air conditioner is greatly improved by utilizing natural energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heating, in particular to a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system.
Background
With the improvement of living standard, the improvement of living environment becomes a pursuit of good life for people, the existing heating mode for commercial high-rise buildings, residential buildings, factories and the like still adopts coal-fired or gas-fired centralized heating, and is not beneficial to environmental protection and personalized regulation. In winter, in the south without central heating, central air conditioning is almost used as the only mode, but the traditional central air conditioner mostly uses freon as a working medium, and because freon has the characteristics of large density, large viscosity and small pressure difference, the central air conditioner has the following defects: 1) the number of the tail ends is small, the number of the outdoor units is inevitably increased, the cost is high, the installation is inconvenient, and the maintenance cost is high. 2) The Freon has high viscosity, so that the installation fall between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit is small, the piping distance is short, and the application range is limited; 3) when heating in winter, the influence of climate is large, and when the environmental temperature is lower than-5 ℃, the thermal efficiency is seriously attenuated and even the normal work can not be realized; 4) the environment is not protected, and the ozone content is reduced due to the discharge of Freon into the atmosphere, so that the living beings on the earth are damaged by serious ultraviolet rays. With the continuous enhancement of the attention of the international society on the aspects of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection, the elimination pace of the Freon refrigerant is accelerated, and carbon dioxide as a safe and environment-friendly refrigerant has wide application prospect and considerable economic value.
When carbon dioxide is used as a heating working medium of a central air conditioner, if the heat generated by a carbon dioxide compressor and a traditional heat exchanger is only relied on, the load of the carbon dioxide compressor is increased, the energy consumption is increased, and on the basis of improving the carbon dioxide heat exchanger, how to improve the heating efficiency of a carbon dioxide heat pump system by utilizing natural energy is the creative motivation of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system which can utilize nature and has high heating efficiency.
The invention provides a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system, which adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system, includes carbon dioxide compressor, indoor heat exchanger, heat transfer spare and phase change energy memory, the exhaust end of carbon dioxide compressor with indoor heat exchanger connects, indoor heat exchanger with the heat transfer spare is connected, the heat transfer spare with the end of breathing in of carbon dioxide compressor is connected, phase change energy memory includes the holding tank and is located the heat accumulation medium of holding tank, the heat transfer spare sets up in the holding tank, the heat accumulation medium is connected with one or any several kinds among light energy heat collector, air energy heat collector or the ground source energy heat collector.
Preferably, the light energy heat collector, the air energy heat collector and the ground source heat collector are respectively connected to a heat storage medium through heat collecting pipes, each heat collecting pipe comprises a heat collecting end and a heat exchanging end, the heat collecting ends are located outside the heat preservation tank and used for obtaining light heat, air heat or ground source heat, the heat exchanging ends are located inside the heat preservation tank, the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting pipes circulates at the heat collecting ends and the heat exchanging ends and transfers heat energy to the heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium transfers the stored energy to carbon dioxide through the heat exchanging piece.
Preferably, the low-temperature carbon dioxide passing through the indoor heat exchanger exchanges heat with the heat storage medium after passing through the heat exchange piece, so that the carbon dioxide is at a higher evaporation temperature, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger for heating after being compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor, so that the whole system has a higher heating coefficient in winter.
Preferably, the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting tube is ethylene glycol; the heat storage medium is a phase change energy storage material; and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on the pipeline of the indoor heat exchanger, and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on the pipeline of the phase change energy storage device.
Preferably, the light energy collector is a solar panel;
the air energy heat collector is a heat exchanger consisting of copper pipes and fins;
the ground source energy heat collector is a buried pipe capable of circulating carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide compressor and the liquid storage tank are arranged in a cabinet.
Preferably, the indoor heat exchanger is further connected with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is connected with the flash evaporation heat exchanger, the other end of the flash evaporation heat exchanger is connected with the air suction end of the carbon dioxide compressor, and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on a pipeline of the flash evaporation heat exchanger.
Preferably, the flash evaporation heat exchanger comprises a shell, a fan, a heat exchange unit and a liquid atomization device, wherein the fan is arranged outside the shell and used for forming negative pressure in the shell; the heat exchange unit and the liquid atomization device are arranged in the shell; the liquid atomization device comprises a liquid supply pipe, an atomization exhaust pipe and an atomization head, the atomization exhaust pipe is connected with the liquid supply pipe, the atomization head is arranged on the atomization exhaust pipe, and the atomization exhaust pipe is arranged in the shell in a three-dimensional distributed mode.
Preferably, the atomizing head is provided with a controller for controlling the opening or closing of the atomizing head, the controller is connected to a control center, and the control center can randomly select the atomizing head to be opened or closed according to a random function according to set time and set opening proportion of the atomizing head.
Preferably, the atomization calandria is arranged in a matrix form in a layering way, and a plurality of atomization heads are arranged on the atomization calandria; the heat exchange units are stacked and installed to form the heat exchanger.
Preferably, the atomizing head is an ultrasonic atomizer, and the housing is a closed housing.
Preferably, the heat pump system comprises a floor heating device, the floor heating device comprises a floor heating pipe and an electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected in series on a pipeline of the floor heating pipe.
Preferably, the heat pump system further comprises ice storage equipment, the phase change energy storage device is connected with the ice storage equipment in parallel, and the carbon dioxide heat pump system utilizes carbon dioxide as a unique circulating working medium.
Preferably, the ice storage equipment comprises one or more of an ice storage refrigerator, an ice storage freezer and an ice storage freezer which are connected in parallel; electronic expansion valves are arranged on the pipelines of the ice cold storage refrigerator, the ice cold storage freezer and the ice cold storage freezer; and the pipeline at the outlet end of the indoor heat exchanger is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the pipeline at the inlet end of the carbon dioxide compressor is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device is connected in a circulating pipeline of the heat pump system, and the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device comprises a fire fighting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve connected in series in the fire fighting pipeline.
The implementation of the invention comprises the following technical effects:
in the invention, the heat energy collected by light energy, air energy or ground source energy is stored in the heat-insulating tank body in a phase change mode through the phase change energy storage material, and during heating, low-temperature carbon dioxide passes through the heat exchange piece, the heat storage medium generates phase change heat release, so that the low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature carbon dioxide, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide is pumped by the compressor and then circulated to a heating space for heating. The heat storage medium can release a large amount of heat during phase change, so that heat energy converted from light energy, air energy or ground source energy can be stored in the heat preservation tank. The heat pump system of the invention operates in subcritical state, and carbon dioxide completes phase change in the system, thus the efficiency is high.
The carbon dioxide heat pump system can utilize solar energy to heat when the sunlight is sufficient, is green and environment-friendly, can also utilize air energy and ground source energy, and can start the flash evaporation heat exchanger when the heat of the energy storage device is not enough, so that the normal operation of heat exchange in the whole winter is ensured. The heating efficiency of the carbon dioxide air conditioner is greatly improved by utilizing natural energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flash heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system having a multi-function tip.
In the figure: 1. a carbon dioxide compressor; 2. an indoor heat exchanger; 3. a liquid storage tank; 4. a heat exchange member; 5. an electronic expansion valve; 6. an electromagnetic valve; 7. a flash heat exchanger; 70. a housing; 71. a fan; 72. a heat exchange unit; 73. atomizing the calandria; 74. an atomizing head; 8. a phase change energy storage device; 80. a heat preservation tank; 81. a thermal storage medium; 82. a light energy collector; 83. an air energy heat collector; 84. a ground source energy heat collector; 9. a floor heating device; 10. a fire-fighting pipeline; 11. an ice storage refrigerator; 12. an ice cold storage freezer; 13. an ice cold storage refrigeration house.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments and drawings, it being noted that the described embodiments are only intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, and do not limit it in any way.
Referring to fig. 1, the single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system provided in this embodiment includes a carbon dioxide compressor 1, an indoor heat exchanger 2, a heat exchange element 4 and a phase change energy storage device 8, an exhaust end of the carbon dioxide compressor 1 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 2, the indoor heat exchanger 2 is connected to the heat exchange element 4, the heat exchange element 4 is connected to an intake end of the carbon dioxide compressor 1 to form a cycle, the phase change energy storage device 8 includes a thermal insulation tank 80 and a heat storage medium 81 located in the thermal insulation tank 80, the heat exchange element 4 is disposed in the thermal insulation tank 80, and the heat storage medium 81 is connected to one or any one of a light energy heat collector 82, an air energy heat collector 83 and a ground energy heat collector 84. It should be noted that, as an embodiment, the light energy heat collector 82, the air energy heat collector 83 or the ground source heat collector 84 may be used alone, or any two or three of them may be used together, and the combination of these is also within the scope of the present invention. The low-temperature carbon dioxide passing through the indoor heat exchanger 2 passes through the heat exchange piece 4 and then exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 81, so that the carbon dioxide is at a higher evaporation temperature, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger 2 for heating after being compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor 1, and therefore the whole system has a higher heating coefficient in winter. In this embodiment, the heat energy collected by the light energy, the air energy or the ground source energy is stored in the heat-insulating tank 80 in a phase-change form through the phase-change energy storage material, and during heating, the low-temperature carbon dioxide passes through the heat exchanging member 4, and the heat storage medium 81 generates phase change heat release to change the low-temperature carbon dioxide into high-temperature carbon dioxide, and the high-temperature carbon dioxide is pumped by the compressor and then circulated to the heating space to heat. Since the heat storage medium 81 releases a large amount of heat when changing phase, it is possible to store the heat energy converted from the light energy, the air energy, or the ground source energy in the thermal insulation tank 80, it should be noted that the solar energy in the daytime may be stored in the thermal insulation tank 80, the heat energy may be used by way of phase change heat release at night, and when there is no sunlight, the air energy and the ground source energy may be utilized.
Referring to fig. 1, a light energy heat collector 82, an air energy heat collector 83 and a ground source heat collector 84 are respectively connected to a heat storage medium 81 through heat collecting pipes, each heat collecting pipe includes a heat collecting end and a heat exchanging end, the heat collecting end is located outside the heat preservation tank 80 and is used for obtaining light heat, air heat or ground source heat, the heat exchanging end is located inside the heat preservation tank 80, the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting pipes circulates at the heat collecting end and the heat exchanging end and transfers heat energy to the heat storage medium 81, and the heat storage medium 81 transfers stored energy to carbon dioxide through the heat exchanging member 4. The heat collecting medium at the heat collecting end absorbs light energy, air energy or ground source energy at the heat collecting end, the temperature can be increased, the density can be reduced, the temperature can be decreased after the heat collecting medium at the heat exchange end exchanges heat with the energy storage medium, the density can be increased, the heat collecting media with different densities can automatically complete circulation, and the heat can be continuously converted into the phase change energy of the heat storage medium 81 to be stored.
Specifically, the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting pipe is ethylene glycol; the heat storage medium 81 is a phase change energy storage material, and preferably the heat storage medium 81 is water. A large amount of heat is required to be released when the water is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, so that the carbon dioxide is heated, and the water is a cheap and environment-friendly phase change energy storage substance and can reduce the cost. The light energy heat collector 82 is a solar panel, which is economical and convenient, and the current solar panel can collect heat only by light. The air energy heat collector 83 is a heat exchanger composed of copper pipes and fins. When there is a temperature difference between the outside air and the heat storage medium 81 in the thermal insulation tank 80, the air-energy heat collector 83 collects the air heat. The ground source heat collector 84 is a buried pipe capable of circulating carbon dioxide, the buried pipe is arranged below the ground, preferably below a frozen soil layer, the soil on the ground can keep a certain constant temperature, the temperature difference change along with the temperature is small, and the ground heat belongs to a clean heat source with huge storage capacity, so that the heat is convenient to take and has no cost. It should be noted that as long as there is a temperature difference, the air heat collector 83 and the ground source heat collector 84 can collect heat for the carbon dioxide heat pump system. And electronic expansion valves 5 are arranged on pipelines of the indoor heat exchanger 2 and pipelines of the phase change energy storage device 8. Specifically, the heat-insulating tank 80 is circular, and the heat exchange member 4 is a coil; the heat collecting pipe is a circular pipe. The heat-insulating tank 80 has an inner layer and an outer layer with a heat-insulating material disposed therebetween.
Preferably, the outdoor unit is arranged in a modularized manner, and the carbon dioxide compressor 1 and the liquid storage tank 3 are arranged in a cabinet; a flash heat exchanger 7 is also provided within the cabinet. The indoor heat exchanger 2 is connected with the liquid storage tank 3, the liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the flash evaporation heat exchanger 7, and the other end of the flash evaporation heat exchanger 7 is connected with the air suction end of the carbon dioxide compressor 1. An electronic expansion valve 5 is arranged on a pipeline of the flash evaporation heat exchanger 7 to form another heating cycle. In this embodiment, the electronic expansion valve 5 is used to control the evaporation temperature, and has the function of throttling and controlling pressure.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the flash heat exchanger 7 includes a housing 70, a fan 71, a heat exchange unit 72, and a liquid atomization device, wherein the fan 71 is disposed outside the housing 70 for forming a negative pressure in the housing 70; the heat exchange unit 72 and the liquid atomization device are arranged in the shell 70; the liquid atomization device comprises a liquid supply pipe (not shown in the figure), an atomization exhaust pipe 73 and an atomization head 74, wherein the atomization exhaust pipe 73 is connected with the liquid supply pipe, the atomization head 74 is arranged on the atomization exhaust pipe 73, the atomization exhaust pipe 73 is arranged in the shell 70 in a three-dimensional distributed manner, a controller for controlling the atomization head 74 to be opened or closed is arranged on the atomization head 74, and the controller is connected to a control center. The control center can randomly select the atomizing heads 74 to be opened or closed according to a random function according to a set time (for example, 1 second to 200 seconds), a set opening ratio of the atomizing heads 74 (for example, 10% to 90% of the holes punched in the atomizing heads 74), and the opening or closing of each atomizing head 74 is random, so that the effect of uniform atomization of the atomized liquid in the housing 70 is achieved. The energy waste can be avoided while the control is accurate.
The atomizing head 74 is used for spraying atomized liquid, the atomized liquid is filled around the heat exchange unit 72, and under the action of negative pressure, the liquid micelles and the carbon dioxide in the heat exchange unit 72 are pumped out of the shell 70 by the fan 71 after completing radiation heat exchange. The atomization calandria 73 is arranged in a matrix form in layers, and a plurality of atomization heads 74 are arranged on the atomization calandria 73. As an example, a spray matrix of 18 rows x 12 holes may be specifically selected. Referring to fig. 2, 18 rows of atomization exhaust pipes 73 are arranged in a heat exchanger shell 70 and are arranged in 9 layers, each row of atomization exhaust pipes 73 is provided with 12 atomization heads 74, 216 atomization heads 74 are provided in total, each atomization head 74 is provided with a controller capable of controlling the atomization head to be opened or closed, the controller is communicated with a control center, in the actual operation process, when only 50% of the atomization heads need to be opened to meet the heating requirement, the existing method is to close the entire row of atomization exhaust pipes 73, and if the operation is carried out, the distribution of atomized liquid in the shell 70 is inevitably uneven, so that the heat exchange effect is influenced; if 108 heads 74 are manually closed, which also causes non-uniformity problems and is inconvenient to operate, in this embodiment, 108 heads 74 (optionally using an existing random controller) can be randomly closed at intervals of a certain time (e.g., 30 seconds) in the control center, which results in the same probability that each head 74 will be randomly opened or closed, and the atomized liquid in the housing 70 will be always in a uniform state.
Specifically, a plurality of heat exchange units 72 form a heat exchanger after being stacked, so that the heat exchanger is convenient to install and maintain, and when a certain heat exchange unit 72 is damaged, the damaged heat exchange unit 72 can be detached for maintenance or replacement. The size of the heat exchange unit 72 is also conveniently expanded or reduced, and the preparation process is simplified. The atomizing head 74 may select an ultrasonic atomizer that includes an ultrasonic atomizing plate that cooperates with ultrasonic waves to atomize water. Preferably, the housing 70 is a closed housing, and the blower 71 can form a set negative pressure value in the closed housing, so as to realize more efficient heat exchange. The air discharge amount of the fan 71 is larger than the evaporation amount of the atomized liquid in the casing 70, so that on one hand, the steam in the casing 70 can be fully discharged, the evaporation efficiency of the atomized liquid is improved, and on the other hand, the negative pressure environment in the casing 70 can be maintained. It should be noted that, different from the principle of the existing air-cooled heat exchanger and the evaporative cooling heat exchanger, the heat exchanger of the embodiment is under the negative pressure condition, except that the pressure regulating device can enter external air, no external air enters, and the heat exchange is not affected under the high temperature and high humidity condition, so that the heat exchanger can be normally used under different climatic conditions.
The carbon dioxide heat pump system of this embodiment can utilize solar energy to heat when sunshine is sufficient, green to can store the solar energy on daytime and use evening, can also utilize air energy and ground source energy simultaneously, when energy memory's heat is not enough, restart flash distillation heat exchanger 7 has guaranteed the normal clear of heat transfer. The utilization of air energy greatly improves the heating efficiency of the carbon dioxide air conditioner.
Referring to fig. 4, the heat pump system comprises a floor heating device 9, the floor heating device 9 comprises a floor heating pipe and an electromagnetic valve 6, the electromagnetic valve 6 is connected in series with a pipeline of the floor heating pipe, a carbon dioxide medium can circulate in the floor heating pipe, and when the electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, the opening degree is automatically adjusted according to the superheat degree of the electronic expansion valve 5, so that heating is achieved. The heat pump system further comprises ice storage equipment, the phase change energy storage device 8 is connected with the ice storage equipment in parallel, and the carbon dioxide heat pump system utilizes carbon dioxide as a unique circulating working medium. The ice cold storage equipment comprises one or more of an ice cold storage refrigerator 11, an ice cold storage freezer 12 and an ice cold storage freezer 13 which are connected in parallel. The pipelines of the ice cold storage refrigerator 11, the ice cold storage freezer 12 and the ice cold storage freezer 13 are provided with electronic expansion valves 5. The phase change energy storage device 8, the ice storage refrigerator 11, the ice storage freezer 12 and the ice storage freezer 13 are connected to the pipeline of the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the pipeline of the air suction end of the carbon dioxide compressor 1, and the electromagnetic valves 6 are arranged on the pipelines. For low-temperature devices such as a refrigeration house, a refrigerator/cabinet and the like, the system is low in efficiency and high in power consumption, and night valley electricity is reasonably utilized by means of a cold accumulation technology in order to reduce impact on a local power grid. And a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device is connected in a circulating pipeline of the heat pump system, and comprises a fire-fighting pipeline 10 and an electromagnetic valve 6 connected in series in the fire-fighting pipeline 10. The carbon dioxide in the refrigerating system is used as a medium for fire fighting, so that the fire fighting construction cost is reduced; carbon dioxide is used for putting out a fire, can not cause the secondary to destruction to article, has natural advantage, and the holding vessel of the same volume, liquid storage are more than the volume that gaseous state was stored much, and the area of putting out a fire is bigger. Carbon dioxide is used as a natural working medium, has the characteristics of difficult combustion and difficult explosion, can be used for extinguishing fire in a building area, when a smoke sensor or a temperature sensor of a certain room judges that a fire disaster happens, the electromagnetic valve 6 in the room is controlled to be opened, so that liquid carbon dioxide enters the room through the nozzle to extinguish the fire, and when the concentration of the room reaches a set value, the electromagnetic valve 6 is closed.
In the embodiment, the requirement of heating of the central air conditioner can be met by using single-stage circulation of carbon dioxide, the evaporation temperature is controlled by controlling the suction pressure of the carbon dioxide compressor 1, for example, the evaporation temperature can be controlled between 6 and 10 ℃, and the somatosensory effect is better. The carbon dioxide is used as a circulating working medium, so that the carbon dioxide has the advantages of large pressure difference, good fluidity, small density and transcritical phase change, and can be used for high-rise buildings. Compared with the traditional air conditioner, the heat pump system of the embodiment has higher efficiency and saves more energy.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a single-stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system, includes carbon dioxide compressor, indoor heat exchanger, heat transfer spare and phase change energy memory, the exhaust end of carbon dioxide compressor with indoor heat exchanger connects, indoor heat exchanger with the heat transfer spare is connected, the heat transfer spare with the end connection of breathing in of carbon dioxide compressor, its characterized in that: the phase change energy storage device comprises a heat preservation tank and a heat storage medium positioned in the heat preservation tank, wherein the heat exchange piece is arranged in the heat preservation tank, and the heat storage medium is connected with one or more of a light energy heat collector, an air energy heat collector or a ground source energy heat collector.
2. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the solar heat collector, the air heat collector and the ground source heat collector are respectively connected to a heat storage medium through heat collection tubes, each heat collection tube comprises a heat collection end and a heat exchange end, the heat collection ends are located outside the heat preservation tank and used for obtaining light heat, air heat or ground source heat, the heat exchange ends are located inside the heat preservation tank, the heat collection medium in the heat collection tubes circulates at the heat collection ends and the heat exchange ends and transmits heat energy to the heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium transmits the stored energy to carbon dioxide through the heat exchange piece.
3. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature carbon dioxide passing through the indoor heat exchanger exchanges heat with a heat storage medium after passing through the heat exchange piece, so that the carbon dioxide is at a higher evaporation temperature, and the carbon dioxide enters the indoor heat exchanger for heating after being compressed by the carbon dioxide compressor, so that the whole system has a higher heating coefficient in winter.
4. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the heat collecting medium in the heat collecting pipe is glycol; the heat storage medium is a phase change energy storage material; and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on the pipeline of the indoor heat exchanger, and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on the pipeline of the phase change energy storage device.
5. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein:
the light energy heat collector is a solar panel;
the air energy heat collector is a heat exchanger consisting of copper pipes and fins;
the ground source energy heat collector is a buried pipe capable of circulating carbon dioxide.
6. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide compressor and the liquid storage tank are arranged in a cabinet.
7. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the indoor heat exchanger is further connected with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is connected with a flash evaporation heat exchanger, the other end of the flash evaporation heat exchanger is connected with the air suction end of the carbon dioxide compressor, and an electronic expansion valve is arranged on a pipeline of the flash evaporation heat exchanger.
8. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 7, wherein: the flash evaporation heat exchanger comprises a shell, a fan, a heat exchange unit and a liquid atomization device, wherein the fan is arranged outside the shell and used for forming negative pressure in the shell; the heat exchange unit and the liquid atomization device are arranged in the shell; the liquid atomization device comprises a liquid supply pipe, an atomization exhaust pipe and an atomization head, the atomization exhaust pipe is connected with the liquid supply pipe, the atomization head is arranged on the atomization exhaust pipe, and the atomization exhaust pipe is arranged in the shell in a three-dimensional distributed mode.
9. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 8, wherein: the atomizing head is provided with a controller for controlling the atomizing head to be opened or closed, the controller is connected to a control center, and the control center can randomly select the atomizing head to be opened or closed according to a random function according to set time and set opening proportion of the atomizing head.
10. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 8, wherein: the atomization calandria is arranged in a matrix form in a layered mode, and a plurality of atomization heads are arranged on the atomization calandria; the heat exchange units are stacked and installed to form the heat exchanger.
11. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 8, wherein: the atomizing head selects an ultrasonic atomizer, and the shell is a closed shell.
12. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the heat pump system comprises a floor heating device, the floor heating device comprises a floor heating pipe and an electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected in series on a pipeline of the floor heating pipe.
13. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: the heat pump system further comprises ice storage equipment, the phase change energy storage device is connected with the ice storage equipment in parallel, and the carbon dioxide heat pump system utilizes carbon dioxide as a unique circulating working medium.
14. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 13, wherein: the ice storage equipment comprises one or more of an ice storage refrigerator, an ice storage freezer and an ice storage freezer which are connected in parallel; electronic expansion valves are arranged on the pipelines of the ice cold storage refrigerator, the ice cold storage freezer and the ice cold storage freezer; and the pipeline at the outlet end of the indoor heat exchanger is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the pipeline at the inlet end of the carbon dioxide compressor is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
15. The single stage subcritical carbon dioxide heat pump system of claim 1, wherein: and a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing device is connected in a circulating pipeline of the heat pump system, and comprises a fire-fighting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve connected in series in the fire-fighting pipeline.
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| WO2022062953A1 (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-31 | 北京市京科伦工程设计研究院有限公司 | Single-stage carbon dioxide multi-split cooling and heating multifunctional central air conditioner |
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