CN111016374A - 用于干式变压器绕包的绝缘膜 - Google Patents

用于干式变压器绕包的绝缘膜 Download PDF

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CN111016374A
CN111016374A CN201911246273.3A CN201911246273A CN111016374A CN 111016374 A CN111016374 A CN 111016374A CN 201911246273 A CN201911246273 A CN 201911246273A CN 111016374 A CN111016374 A CN 111016374A
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insulating film
dry
transformer coil
type transformer
parts
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张帆
潘素文
倪先栋
李大伟
庄丽亚
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Binhai Qiangyuan Electrical Industry Co ltd
Binhai County Power Supply Branch Of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Yancheng Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Binhai Qiangyuan Electrical Industry Co ltd
Binhai County Power Supply Branch Of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Yancheng Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911246273.3A priority Critical patent/CN111016374A/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，包括从上至下依次设有第一绝缘涂层、耐高温层、第一胶黏剂层、基材层、第二胶黏剂层、纤维层和第二绝缘涂层；其中，第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层均包括以下重量份的原料：聚酰亚胺树脂100份；聚酯树脂20‑35份；环氧树脂14‑17份；氮化硼3‑5份；亚磷酸三苯酯0.1‑0.3份；氯磺化聚乙烯0.1‑0.5份；本发明在现有技术的基础之上，对绝缘膜的材料进行一定的改进，从而提高绝缘膜的耐高温性、绝缘性以及防老化等综合性能。

Description

用于干式变压器绕包的绝缘膜
技术领域
本发明涉及一种绝缘膜。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜。
背景技术
随着世界经济的快速发展，干式变压器得到迅猛的发展，广泛应用于局部照明、高层建筑、机场、码头等场所，尤其是在供电电网的配电器中，干式变压器所占的比例越来越大，随着干式变压器的发展，对于其中的线圈绕包层间的绝缘材料提出了更高的要求，现有技术中的材料性能已不能完全满足干式变压器发展的需要，新型、高绝缘性能以及良好的耐高温、防老化性能是发展的必然趋势。研发新材料是一个漫长的过程，如果可以对现有材料进行一些简单的改性就可以提高他们的性能而满足要求，从成本和周期来看都小于研制一种新材料，因此，在现有材料的基础上进行改性是一种成本低且能快速提高绝缘材料性能的办法。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其电气性能优异，对线圈的包覆性强、耐高温抗老化，具有较长的使用寿命。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案概述如下；
一种用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，绝缘膜从上至下依次设有第一绝缘涂层、耐高温层、第一胶黏剂层、基材层、第二胶黏剂层、纤维层和第二绝缘涂层；
其中，第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层均包括以下重量份的原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000011
Figure BDA0002307771720000021
优选的是，其中，聚酯树脂的数均分子量为20000-35000g/mol，环氧树脂的数均分子量为20000-25000g/mol，聚酯树脂的数均分子量10000-18000g/mol。
优选的是，其中，用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，还包括氧化铝。
优选的是，其中，用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，还包括含氟丙烯酸酯树脂。
优选的是，其中，含氟丙烯酸树脂的数均分子量为10000-13000g/mol。
优选的是，其中，耐高温层以重量份计包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000022
优选的是，其中，改性环氧树脂的制备方法如下：将相同质量的纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维与环氧树脂混合，配成质量分数为50％的共混料母料，共混挤出造粒、干燥、压片制得所述改性环氧树脂。
环氧树脂具有较好的电性能、热稳定性以及化学稳定性，纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维与其相容性良好，通过共混挤出工艺以纳米级分散在树脂基体中，并通过范德华力、氢键等次价键作用与环氧树脂的分子链段紧密结合，从而、有效的限制链段的运动，达到提高薄膜耐热耐高温的性能。
优选的是，其中，共混挤出工艺为，一区温度为130-150℃，二区温度为170-200℃，三区温度为210-230℃，四区温度为210-230℃，螺杆转速为20-45r/min。
优选的是，其中，抗氧剂包括BNT或DNP。
优选的是，其中，芳杂环特种高分子材料包括聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑、聚吡咯、聚苯基喹噁啉。
聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑、聚吡咯、聚苯基喹噁啉一方面由于较低的介电常数和热膨胀系数，因此具有极佳的耐高温性能，当改性环氧树脂与芳杂环特种高分子材料、聚四氟乙烯、二烷基对二苯酚、钛白粉、硬脂酸镁、抗氧剂相互协同作用，使材料由分散相变为连续相，降低材料的整体结晶度，从而使材料球晶尺寸变小，力学性能明显上升，达到改善薄膜力学性能和耐高温性能的有益效果。
本发明的有益效果是：(1)本发明在现有技术的基础上，对绝缘膜的结构以及材料进行优化，使得制备的绝缘膜具有优异的抗老化、耐高温性能，延长绝缘膜的使用寿命；(2)绝缘层中添加氧化铝和含氟丙烯酸酯树脂，氧化铝具有极好的屏蔽电场能力，而含氟丙烯酸树脂具有较高的闪火电压和较大的结合能，这进一步增加了电子交换的难度，从而使得绝缘涂层绝缘性好、耐击穿电压高；(3)耐高温层采用共混挤出工艺，纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维改性环氧树脂，使得改性环氧树脂与纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维紧密结合，限制链段的运动，从而提高其耐高温性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不配出一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
<实施例1>
用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，绝缘膜从上至下依次设有第一绝缘涂层、耐高温层、第一胶黏剂层、基材层、第二胶黏剂层、防老化层和第二绝缘涂层，其中，第一胶黏剂涂层和第二胶黏剂涂层均为环氧体系胶黏剂，基材层为聚酰亚胺膜。
其中，第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层均包括以下重量份的原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000041
其中，第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层还包括氧化铝和含氟丙烯酸酯树脂。其中，聚酯树脂的数均分子量为20000-35000g/mol，环氧树脂的数均分子量为20000-25000g/mol，聚酯树脂的数均分子量10000-18000g/mol，含氟丙烯酸树脂的数均分子量为10000-13000g/mol。
耐高温层以重量份计包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000042
其中，改性环氧树脂的制备方法如下：将相同质量的纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维与环氧树脂混合，配成质量分数为50％的共混料母料，共混挤出造粒、干燥、压片制得所述改性环氧树脂。
共混挤出工艺为，一区温度为130-150℃，二区温度为170-200℃，三区温度为210-230℃，四区温度为210-230℃，螺杆转速为20-45r/min。
其中，抗氧剂包括BNT或DNP。
其中，芳杂环特种高分子材料为聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑。
<实施例2>
实例2与实施例1的原料和工艺基本相同，唯一不同之处在于第一绝缘层和第二绝缘层以重量计份包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000051
<实施例3>
实例3与实例1的原料和工艺基本相同，唯一不同之处在于，第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层均以重量计份包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000052
<实施例4>
实例4与实例1的原料和工艺基本相同，唯一不同之处在于，耐高温层以重量计份包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000053
Figure BDA0002307771720000061
其中，芳杂环特种高分子材料为聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑，抗氧剂为BNT。
<实施例5>
实例5与实例1的原料和工艺基本相同，唯一不同之处在于，耐高温难层以重量计份包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000062
其中，芳杂环特种高分子材料为聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑，抗氧剂为DNP。
<实施例6>
实例6与实例1的原料和工艺基本相同，唯一不同之处在于，耐高温层以重量计份包括如下原料：
Figure BDA0002307771720000063
其中，芳杂环特种高分子材料为聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑、聚吡咯、聚苯基喹噁啉的混合物，氧化剂为DNP。
为了说明本发明的效果，发明人提供比较实验如下：
<对比例1>
耐高温层中不添加芳杂环特种高分子材料，其余参数与实施例3中的完全相同，工艺过程也完全相同。
<对比例2>
耐高温层中将改性环氧树脂变为环氧树脂，其余参数和实施例4中的完全相同，工艺过程也相同。
<对比例3>
绝缘层中不添加氮化硼，其余参数和实施例5中的完全相同，工艺过程也相同。
实施例1-6以及对比例1-3制备的绝缘膜进行测试得到性能测试结果如下：
Figure BDA0002307771720000071
实施例3与对比例1相比，其耐受温度，相对于对比例1，由176℃提高到了220℃，可说明耐高温层中芳杂环特种高分子材料与改性环氧树脂、聚四氟乙烯、二烷基对二苯酚、钛白粉、硬脂酸镁、抗氧剂产生了协同增强效果，从而提高耐高层的耐高温性能。
实施例4与对比例2相比，其拉伸强度、拉伸剪切强度、耐受温度相对于对比例1，分别由73N/10mm、2.1MPa、179℃升高至90N/10mm、3.8MPa、220℃，这表明纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维改性的环氧树脂有助于提高材料的力学性能，纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维氧化破坏环氧树脂的活性中心，并与其紧密结合，限制分子链段的运动，进一步改善环氧树脂的高温性能，另一方面，改性环氧树脂与纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维混合造粒，超细聚苯并咪唑纤维发生塑性形变，吸收材料大量的冲击能量，从而提高材料的力学性能和抗冲击性能。
实施例5与对比例3相比，其击穿电压、电阻率相对于对比例3，分别由8kV、10.5x1012Ω.m升高至12kV、16.2x1012Ω.m，这表明绝缘涂层中氮化硼与聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、氮化硼、亚磷酸三苯酯、氯磺化聚乙烯产生协同增强效果，氮化硼介电性能优良、当加入到绝缘涂层中时，聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、亚磷酸三苯酯分子进入氮化硼层状结构中，促使层间相互作用力减少，而氯磺化聚乙烯则促使带隙随着温度的增加而线性减小，从而提高材料的绝缘性能，延长绝缘膜的使用寿命。
可见，本发明绝缘膜的设计能够有效的改善绝缘膜的耐高温、力学、防老化等性能。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述绝缘膜从上至下依次设有第一绝缘涂层、耐高温层、第一胶黏剂层、基材层、第二胶黏剂层、纤维层和第二绝缘涂层；
其中，所述第一绝缘涂层和第二绝缘涂层均包括以下重量份的原料：
Figure FDA0002307771710000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述聚酯树脂的数均分子量为20000-35000g/mol，所述环氧树脂的数均分子量为20000-25000g/mol，所述聚酯树脂的数均分子量10000-18000g/mol。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，还包括1-2份氧化铝。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，还包括1-3份含氟丙烯酸酯树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述含氟丙烯酸树脂的数均分子量为10000-13000g/mol。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于干式变压器线圈的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述耐高温层以重量份计包括如下原料：
Figure FDA0002307771710000012
Figure FDA0002307771710000021
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述改性环氧树脂的制备方法如下：将相同质量的纳米超细聚苯并咪唑纤维与环氧树脂混合，配成质量分数为50％的共混料母料，共混挤出造粒、干燥、压片制得所述改性环氧树脂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述共混挤出工艺为，一区温度为130-150℃，二区温度为170-200℃，三区温度为210-230℃，四区温度为210-230℃，螺杆转速为20-45r/min。
9.根据权利要求6所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂包括BNT或DNP。
10.根据权利要求6所述的用于干式变压器线圈绕包的绝缘膜，其特征在于，所述芳杂环特种高分子材料包括聚对苯撑苯并双口咪唑、聚吡咯、聚苯基喹噁啉中的至少一种。
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