CN111011572A - Refrigeration control method of ice cream machine - Google Patents
Refrigeration control method of ice cream machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011572A CN111011572A CN201911107347.5A CN201911107347A CN111011572A CN 111011572 A CN111011572 A CN 111011572A CN 201911107347 A CN201911107347 A CN 201911107347A CN 111011572 A CN111011572 A CN 111011572A
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- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/04—Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
- A23G9/22—Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups
- A23G9/228—Arrangement and mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigeration control method of an ice cream machine, the ice cream machine comprises a freezing cylinder with a stirrer, a main refrigeration system and a control system, the main refrigeration system comprises a refrigeration loop formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator through a refrigeration pipeline, the control system controls the main refrigeration system to refrigerate ice cream in the freezing cylinder, controls the stirrer to stir, the throttling device is an electronic expansion valve, and is also used for acquiring a real-time forming value of ice cream materials in the freezing cylinder and controlling the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve through the feedback of the forming value; the forming degree value is a forming value divided according to the forming degree in the ice cream forming process of the ice cream material liquid state → solid state mixed state → solid state → final hardness/viscosity set by the system, and the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve controlled by the control system is changed along with the change of the forming degree value. The invention can accurately control the refrigerating capacity of the ice cream material in the forming process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refrigeration control method of an ice cream machine.
Background
The existing ice cream machine is generally composed of a material basin, a freezing cylinder, a discharging assembly, a main refrigerating system, a control system and the like, wherein the freezing cylinder is internally provided with a stirrer. The working flow of the ice cream machine is generally as follows: the main refrigerating system and the stirrer are controlled to run by the control system, ice cream slurry enters the freezing cylinder through the material basin, and the ice cream slurry in the freezing cylinder is gradually cooled and gradually solidified and formed until the ice cream forming degree set by the system is reached through stirring and heat exchange.
The main refrigerating system of ice cream machine is generally composed of compressor, condenser, throttle device and evaporator, and is used for refrigerating ice cream in material basin and freezing cylinder.
The cycle of an ice cream machine for refrigerating liquid ice cream entering a freezing cylinder to ice cream of a certain hardness or viscosity for sale can be generally divided into four forming stages:
the first stage is as follows: the raw materials in the freezing cylinder begin to cool from the liquid slurry when entering the freezing cylinder through continuous stirring and heat exchange which is carried out simultaneously until the freezing point of the ice cream slurry in the freezing cylinder. At this stage, the liquid slurry is in the freezing cylinder, the rotating speed and current of the working motor of the stirrer are not obviously changed, but the temperature in the freezing cylinder is obviously changed.
And a second stage: after the ice cream slurry in the freezing cylinder is cooled to the freezing point, the ice cream in the freezing cylinder is changed into a solid state from a liquid state through continuous stirring and heat exchange. In the stage, the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder coexists in liquid state and solid state, the rotating speed and the current of the working motor of the stirrer change, the rotating speed starts to slowly decrease, the current starts to slowly increase, and the temperature in the freezing cylinder decreases to a lower value.
And a third stage: and continuously cooling the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder through continuous stirring and heat exchange, completely forming the ice cream in the freezing cylinder, and completely forming solid ice cream in the freezing cylinder at the stage until the final hardness/viscosity set by the system is reached. In this stage, the rotation speed of the working motor of the stirrer is suddenly reduced, the current is suddenly increased, and the temperature in the freezing cylinder is gradually reduced.
A fourth stage: after the third stage, the ice cream machine is in standby, the temperature in the freezing cylinder is gradually increased, the hardness/viscosity of the ice cream materials begins to decrease, after the ice cream machine is in standby for a certain time, the main refrigerating system continues refrigerating the freezing cylinder, the ice cream materials reach the final hardness/viscosity set by the system, and the ice cream materials are molded secondarily.
The forming temperature of the ice cream mass in the freezing cylinder is related to the rotational speed of the working motor of the stirrer, the current and the temperature in the freezing cylinder. In the ice cream machine industry, the degree of ice cream formation is generally determined according to the operating current value and the rotating speed value of the stirrer of the ice cream machine and the temperature value of the freezing cylinder. The cooling control method is generally a current control method, a rotational speed control method, and a temperature control method, and may be a control method in which two or three of the above control methods are combined.
In the conventional ice cream machine, two throttling modes of a throttling device in a refrigerating system are provided: capillary and thermostatic expansion valve types.
The capillary tube is commonly used in a refrigerating system with the compressor power of 0.2 HP-2 HP, and is a throttling device with fixed throttling quantity, inner diameter and length. Its advantages are low cost and simple structure, but because of fixed throttle amount, the capillary tube can not regulate the needed throttle amount at different evaporating temp. points, so the shaping process of ice cream slurry in freezing cylinder can not be controlled precisely.
The thermostatic expansion valve is commonly used in a medium-large refrigeration system with a compressor power of more than 1HP, and is a throttling device capable of automatically adjusting and regulating flow according to the evaporation temperature or pressure of an evaporation loop in the refrigeration system. But the structure is more complex, the cost is higher, in addition, the thermostatic expansion valve depends on the temperature sensing element or the pressure element to complete the work, the signal transmission is delayed, and the sensitivity is reduced.
In order to maintain a good taste of the ice cream to be sold, the ice cream is discharged in the best hardness/viscosity state. Whereas the best hardness/viscosity of the ice cream generally occurs later in the third stage. In addition, after discharging, the hardness/viscosity of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder can be changed again. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of ice cream produced by an ice cream machine, the refrigeration capacity of each stage in the process of forming the ice cream in the freezing cylinder needs to be accurately controlled. However, the conventional ice cream machine adopting a capillary tube type or thermal expansion valve type refrigeration system cannot adjust the refrigeration capacity quickly and accurately according to the ice cream forming condition, the ambient temperature and the like, and cannot meet the forming control and energy saving requirements of the ice cream machine gradually.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a refrigeration control method of an ice cream machine, which can provide required refrigeration capacity at different molding stages of ice cream materials in a freezing cylinder through an electronic expansion valve capable of accurately controlling the flow.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a refrigeration control method of an ice cream machine comprises a freezing cylinder with a stirrer, a main refrigeration system and a control system, wherein the main refrigeration system comprises a refrigeration loop formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator through a refrigeration pipeline, the control system controls the ice cream machine to work and comprises the steps of controlling the main refrigeration system to refrigerate ice cream in the freezing cylinder and controlling the stirrer to stir, and the refrigeration control method is characterized in that the throttling device is an electronic expansion valve, the control system is also used for acquiring a real-time forming value of ice cream materials in the freezing cylinder, and controlling the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve through the forming value in a feedback mode;
the forming degree value is a forming value divided according to the forming degree in the ice cream forming process of the ice cream material liquid state → solid state mixed state → solid state → the final hardness/viscosity set by the system, and the control system controls the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to change along with the change of the forming degree value.
The invention can feed back and adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder, and can provide proper refrigerating capacity at different forming stages of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder.
The invention also has the following preferred design:
the ice cream machine is generally designed with a plurality of gears, and can provide ice cream with different tastes. The ice cream machine is adopted, each gear is respectively preset with a final forming degree value and an initial value of the forming degree, when the ice cream machine works at each gear, the control system obtains a difference value between the real-time forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder and the initial value of the forming degree at the current gear, and then the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted. Therefore, by adopting the ice cream machine, different ice cream forming modes can be preset for each gear, and under the working mode of each gear, the main refrigerating system can provide proper refrigerating capacity at different forming stages of ice cream materials.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention: the control system acquires the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by acquiring the real-time current value of the working motor of the stirrer, namely the control system presets a group of current threshold values I for each gear respectively1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, I1～InIn successive increments, I1Is the working current value, I, of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnThe current value of the working motor of the stirrer is corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear. I is2、I3、I4...In-1And the like can correspond to a forming degree value between the initial value of the forming degree of the current gear and the final forming degree value. I.e. current threshold I1Current threshold InEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two adjacent current threshold value intervals can correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and when the working current value acquired by the control system is positioned at I1～InIn between, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to adjust to the corresponding valve opening.
Further, the control system is further configured to obtain a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, where the obtained real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time environment temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system also presets a set of environment temperature threshold T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent environmental temperature threshold intervals therebetween are used asOne element of the set A constitutes the set A, the current threshold I1Current threshold InEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two current threshold value intervals serve as one element of the set B to form a set B, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set B form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set B form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention: the control system acquires the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by acquiring the real-time rotating speed value of the working motor of the stirrer, namely the control system presets a group of rotating speed threshold values R for each gear respectively1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, R1～RnDecrease successively, R1Is the rotating speed value R of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnIs the rotating speed value R of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear2、R3、R4...Rn-1And the like can correspond to a forming degree value between the initial value of the forming degree of the current gear and the final forming degree value. Threshold value of the rotational speed R1Speed threshold RnEvery two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals between the two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals can correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and when the rotating speed value acquired by the control system is positioned in R1～RnIn between, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to adjust to the corresponding valve opening.
Further, the control system is further configured to obtain a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, where the obtained real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time environment temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system also presets a set of environment temperature threshold T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent ambient temperature threshold intervals in the set A form the set A as one element of the set A, and the rotating speed threshold R1Speed threshold RnEvery two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals between the two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals serve as one element of the set C to form a set C, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set C form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set C form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
As another embodiment of the present invention, the control system acquires the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by collecting the real-time evaporation temperature value or the real-time return air temperature value of the main refrigeration system, that is, the control system respectively presets a group of evaporation/return air temperature thresholds X for each gear1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, X1～XnDecreasing in sequence, X1Is the evaporation/return air temperature value, X, corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnIs the evaporation/return air temperature value, X, corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear2、X3、X4...Xn-1The forming degree value between the initial value and the final forming degree value of the forming degree of the current gear, the evaporation/return air temperature threshold value X1-evaporation/return air temperature threshold XnEvery two adjacent evaporation/return air temperature threshold value intervals correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
Further, the control system is further configured to obtain a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, where the obtained real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time environment temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system also presets a set of environment temperature threshold T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent temperature threshold intervals between the two temperature threshold intervals as one element in the set A to form the set A, and the evaporation/return air temperature threshold X1-every two adjacent temperature threshold intervals between evaporation and/or return air temperature thresholds Xn as one element of a set D forming a setAnd D, any element of the set A and any element of the set D form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set D form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening of the electronic expansion valve.
When the ice cream is discharged, new ice cream enters the freezing cylinder, so that the forming degree value of the ice cream is suddenly reduced.
When the ice cream machine feeds materials, because the temperature of the newly-added ice cream materials is high, the ice cream materials need to be rapidly cooled after feeding, and at the moment, the ice cream machine needs to provide larger refrigerating capacity. The control system monitors a real-time return air temperature value, is provided with an upper limit value N of return air temperature, and increases the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to be the maximum value set by the control system when the acquired real-time return air pipe temperature value is greater than or equal to the upper limit value N of the return air pipe temperature, wherein N is greater than or equal to 0 ℃ and less than or equal to 20 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. the refrigeration method of the ice cream machine adopts the electronic expansion valve as the throttling device, obtains the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder through the control system, and can feed back and adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the real-time forming value, so as to provide proper refrigeration capacity in different forming stages of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder, accurately control the refrigeration capacity in the forming process of the ice cream material, effectively ensure the quality of the ice cream and save more energy of the ice cream machine.
2. The ice cream machine refrigeration system can acquire the forming degree value of ice cream materials in the freezing cylinder when each gear of ice cream works by acquiring the rotating speed value or the current value of the working motor of the stirrer or acquiring the evaporating temperature value or the return air temperature value in the main refrigeration system, and further adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve through the feedback of the forming degree value.
3. The refrigeration method of the ice cream machine also adjusts the refrigeration capacity of the main refrigeration system by monitoring the environment temperature, and the environment temperature and the forming degree value of the ice cream material are used as combined control parameters to adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve so as to accurately control the forming process of the ice cream.
4. The ice cream machine refrigeration method monitors ice cream discharging, increases the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to a system set value through the monitored discharging amount, and then further feeds back and adjusts the electronic expansion valve according to the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder, so that the secondary forming speed of the discharged ice cream can be accelerated.
5. The ice cream machine refrigeration method monitors the return air temperature of the main refrigeration system, and when the temperature of the return air pipe is higher than the upper limit value of the return air temperature preset by the system, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted to the maximum value set by the control system, so that rapid refrigeration is performed.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system of the ice cream maker according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the ice cream machine control system of the present invention, wherein the non-labeled elements are other functional elements of the ice cream machine control system.
Description of the reference numerals
1. An evaporator; 2. a compressor; 3. a condenser; 4. a filter; 5. an electronic expansion valve; 6. an air return pipe; 7. a muffler temperature probe; 8. a PCB control board; 9. a rotational speed sensor; 10. a current collection module; 11. an ambient temperature probe; 12. a power switch; 13. the switch is controlled by the discharging assembly.
Detailed Description
Example one
The ice cream machine comprises a freezing cylinder with a stirrer, a main refrigerating system and a control system, wherein as shown in figure 1, the main refrigerating system comprises a refrigerating loop formed by connecting a compressor 2, a condenser 3, a throttling device and an evaporator 1 through a refrigerating pipeline, a filter 4 is arranged on the refrigerating pipeline between the throttling device and the condenser 3, the control system controls the ice cream machine to work and comprises a step of controlling the main refrigerating system to refrigerate ice cream in the freezing cylinder and control the stirrer to stir, the throttling device is an electronic expansion valve 5, the control system is also used for acquiring a real-time forming value of ice cream materials in the freezing cylinder, and the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 is controlled through the forming value in a feedback way;
the forming degree value is a forming value divided according to the forming degree in the ice cream forming process of the ice cream material liquid state → solid state mixed state → solid state → the final hardness/viscosity set by the system, and the control system controls the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve 5 to change along with the change of the forming degree value.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, as a preferred embodiment, the control system adopts a PCB control board 8, the PCB control board 8 is provided with a power switch 12 and a discharge assembly control switch 13, the PCB control board 8 is further connected with an electronic expansion valve 5, a current collection module 10 and an ambient temperature probe 11, the current collection module 10 is used for collecting a real-time current value of a working motor of the blender, the ambient temperature probe 11 is used for collecting a real-time ambient temperature value of the ice cream machine, and the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is changed from a liquid state to a solid-liquid mixed state to a solid state until reaching a final hardness/viscosity preset by the control system in a forming process, and the forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder can be judged according to a current value change rule of the working motor of the blender.
The ice cream machine is provided with a plurality of gears, each gear is respectively preset with a final forming degree value and an initial forming degree value, when the ice cream machine works at each gear, the control system obtains a difference value between a real-time forming degree value of the collected ice cream material in the freezing cylinder and the initial forming degree value at the current gear, and the control system can further adjust the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 according to the difference value.
In the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,the difference value between the real-time forming degree value and the initial forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is reflected through the change of the current value of the working motor of the stirrer. Each gear of the control system is respectively preset with a respective current threshold I1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, I1～InIn successive increments, I1Is the working current value, I, of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnThe current value of the working motor of the stirrer is corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear. I is2、I3、I4...In-1And the like can correspond to a forming degree value between the initial value of the forming degree of the current gear and the final forming degree value. I is1～InEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two adjacent current threshold value intervals can correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and when the current value acquired by the control system is positioned in I1～InIn between, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to adjust to the corresponding valve opening.
In the embodiment, the forming degree value of the ice cream material is expressed in percentage, and the electronic expansion valve 5 is a throttling element capable of entering the flow of the refrigerant of the refrigerating device according to a preset program, can be applied to occasions with severe load change or wide operating condition range, and has high response speed. The electronic expansion valve 5 selected in this embodiment measures the valve opening in pulse steps, and the number of pulse steps is 500 steps at the maximum valve opening. For example, when the ice cream is in the 3-gear, the real-time current value is collected at I1And I2In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to be 335 steps, and the collected real-time current value is positioned at I2And I3In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to be 328 steps, and the collected real-time current value is positioned at I3And I4In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to 325 steps, and by analogy, the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 is adjusted to be gradually reduced along with the increase of the collected current value, namely, the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 is gradually reduced along with the gradual increase of the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder.
Further, the control system obtains the real-time loop of the ice cream machine through the ambient temperature probe 11The control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the acquired real-time environment temperature value and the acquired real-time forming value, namely, a group of environment temperature threshold values T are preset in the control system1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent environmental temperature threshold intervals between the current threshold intervals are used as one element in the set A to form the set A, and the current threshold I1Current threshold InEvery two adjacent current threshold intervals between the current threshold intervals serve as one element of the set B to form the set B, and any one element of the set A and any one element of the set B form a combined control parameter. For example: the ambient temperature value is 8 ℃, which is at an ambient temperature threshold value T2And an ambient temperature threshold T3At the moment, the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is measured to be 80 percent in percentage mode, namely the real-time current value of the working motor is positioned at In-2～In-1According to the preset value of the control system, the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted to 200 steps; when the ambient temperature value is 21 ℃, the real-time ambient temperature value is positioned at the ambient temperature threshold value Tn-2And an ambient temperature threshold Tn-1At the moment, the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is also 80 percent in percentage mode, namely the real-time current value of the working motor is also positioned at In-2～In-1Meanwhile, the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve should be adjusted to 150 steps according to the preset value of the control system. Therefore, a plurality of combined control parameters can be formed by the set A and the set B, each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and the refrigerating capacity in the ice cream material forming process can be accurately controlled by combining the ambient temperature and the forming degree value. In most of the existing ice cream machines, the working current value of the working motor of the stirrer in the ice cream material forming process in the freezing cylinder changes little, so the current threshold value I1Current threshold InThe interval range of two adjacent current thresholds is small, and the current collected by the working motor of the stirrer should be increased in practical applicationThe acquisition accuracy may be 0.1A, with 0.1A as the minimum interval range for the current threshold.
After the ice cream is discharged, new ice cream material can enter the freezing cylinder, the forming degree value of the ice cream material is suddenly reduced, and under the condition, the response speed of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted through the feedback of the forming degree value, so that the refrigerating capacity cannot be increased rapidly. The control system can control the quick response of the system and adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve by monitoring whether the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is discharged and the discharge amount. After the ice cream material discharging is monitored, the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is increased to a system set value determined according to the discharging amount, the system set value can be a group of control parameters preset by a control system, the control parameters correspond to the discharging amount in a one-to-one mode, and then the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is adjusted according to the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder after the discharging. In this embodiment, the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve can be adjusted by monitoring the discharging frequency, and the discharging amount of the ice cream machine can be determined according to the discharging frequency of the ice cream machine.
Example two
The difference from the first embodiment is that the difference between the real-time forming degree value and the initial forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is represented by the change of the rotating speed value of the working motor of the stirrer. That is, in this embodiment, the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve 5 is adjusted by the feedback of the rotation speed value of the working motor of the agitator. The ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is changed from a liquid state to a solid-liquid mixed state to a solid state until the final hardness/viscosity preset by the control system is reached, the current value of the working motor of the stirrer is gradually increased, and the rotating speed value is gradually reduced according to the change rule. The real-time forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder can be judged through the rotating speed value of the working motor of the stirrer. In this embodiment, each gear of the control system is preset with a respective rotation speed threshold R1～nAnd a rotating speed sensor 9 connected with a PCB control board 8 in the figure 2 is used for acquiring the real-time rotating speed value of a working motor of the stirrer. Wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, R1～RnDecrease successively, R1Is the rotating speed value R of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnIs the rotating speed value R of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear2、R3、R4...Rn-1And the like can correspond to a forming degree value between the initial value of the forming degree of the current gear and the final forming degree value. R1～RnEvery two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals between the two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals can correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, and when the rotating speed value acquired by the control system is positioned in R1～RnIn between, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to adjust to the corresponding valve opening. In this embodiment, the third gear of the ice cream maker is taken as an example, and the collected real-time rotation speed value is located at R1And R2In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to be 335 steps, and the collected real-time rotating speed value is positioned at R2And R3In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to be 328 steps, and the collected real-time rotating speed value is positioned at R3And R4In the meantime, the pulse step number of the electronic expansion valve is controlled to 325 steps, and by analogy, the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 is adjusted to be gradually reduced along with the reduction of the collected rotating speed value, namely, the valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 5 is gradually reduced along with the increase of the forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder.
Similarly to the embodiment, in the embodiment, the real-time temperature value of the ice cream machine can be obtained by the control system as the control reference value, that is, the control system also has a set of preset environmental temperature threshold T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent ambient temperature threshold intervals in the set A form the set A as one element of the set A, and the rotating speed threshold R1Speed threshold RnEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two current threshold value intervals serve as one element of the set C to form a set C, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set C form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set C form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve. The embodiment also can monitor whether the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is discharged and the discharge amount or the discharge frequency, and the control system can rapidly respond and adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the difference between the real-time forming degree value and the initial forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is represented by the change of the evaporation temperature value in the main refrigeration system. The evaporation temperature value is the evaporation temperature of an evaporator in the main refrigeration system.
When the ice cream machine works at each gear, the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is gradually increased along with the reduction of the evaporation temperature, and according to the change rule, the forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder can be obtained by collecting the real-time evaporation temperature value in the main refrigeration system.
In this embodiment, the control system presets a respective group of evaporation temperature thresholds X for each gear respectively1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, X1～XnDecreasing in sequence, X1Is the evaporation temperature value, X, corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnIs the evaporation temperature value, X, corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear2、X3、X4...Xn-1Equal to the forming degree value between the initial value and the final forming degree value of the forming degree of the current gear, and the evaporation temperature threshold value X1Evaporating temperature threshold XnEvery two adjacent evaporation temperature threshold value intervals between the two adjacent evaporation temperature threshold value intervals correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve. When the collected real-time evaporation temperature value is X1And XnAnd when the electronic expansion valve is in the middle, the control system adjusts the electronic expansion valve to be the corresponding valve opening.
In this embodiment, the evaporation temperature value may also be replaced with a return air temperature value, where the return air temperature value is a temperature value of an air return pipe between an evaporator and a compressor of the main refrigeration system at an outlet end of the evaporator. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a muffler temperature probe 7 is mounted on the muffler 6 between the evaporator 1 and the compressor 2 at a position close to the outlet end of the evaporator. The return air pipe temperature probe 7 is also connected with the PCB control board 8 of figure 2 and is used for collecting return air temperature values and reflecting the difference value between the real-time forming degree value and the initial forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder through the change of the return air temperature values.
Similarly, the control system of this embodiment may also obtain a real-time ambient temperature value of the ice cream machine, where the obtained real-time ambient temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time ambient temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system also has a set of ambient temperature threshold T preset therein1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent environmental temperature threshold value intervals between the two environmental temperature threshold value intervals are used as one element in the set A to form the set A, and the evaporation/return air temperature threshold value X1And every two adjacent temperature threshold value intervals between the evaporating/return air temperature threshold values Xn serve as one element of the set D to form a set D, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set D form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set D form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
In this embodiment, the control system can respond quickly and adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve by monitoring whether the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is discharged and the discharge amount or the discharge frequency.
In addition, when the ice cream machine is in a standby state, after the refrigeration is stopped for a certain time, the hardness and/or the viscosity of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder change, the refrigeration control method in the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment is adopted, the refrigeration capacity of the main refrigeration system in the molding process is accurately controlled, and the secondary molding speed of the ice cream material can be improved.
Example four
On the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment, when the ice cream machine is charged, the temperature of the newly charged ice cream material is high, and the ice cream material needs to be rapidly cooled after charging, so that the ice cream machine needs to provide a larger refrigerating capacity. In the first and second embodiments, the real-time return air temperature value of the main refrigeration system may also be monitored by the control system, and the control system in the first, second, and third embodiments further adds an upper limit value N of return air temperature, and when the acquired real-time return air temperature value is greater than or equal to the upper limit value N of return air temperature, the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve is increased to a maximum value set by the control system, so as to perform rapid refrigeration. Wherein N is more than or equal to 0 ℃ and less than or equal to 20 ℃, and the upper limit value of the return temperature is set according to the use environment of the ice cream machine and the like. And when the acquired real-time return air pipe temperature value is smaller than the return air temperature upper limit value N, adjusting the refrigerating capacity of the main refrigerating system by the refrigerating control method in the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment.
For the concrete principle of the ice cream material forming process in the freezing cylinder, refer to the Chinese patent of invention with publication No. CN109938153A, namely a method for maintaining the taste of ice cream machine.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various other modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above-described structure of the present invention without departing from the basic technical concept of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A refrigeration control method of an ice cream machine comprises a freezing cylinder with a stirrer, a main refrigeration system and a control system, wherein the main refrigeration system comprises a refrigeration loop formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator through a refrigeration pipeline, the control system controls the ice cream machine to work and comprises the steps of controlling the main refrigeration system to refrigerate ice cream in the freezing cylinder and controlling the stirrer to stir, and the refrigeration control method is characterized in that the throttling device is an electronic expansion valve, the control system is also used for acquiring a real-time forming value of ice cream materials in the freezing cylinder, and controlling the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve through the forming value in a feedback mode;
the forming degree value is a forming value divided according to the forming degree in the ice cream forming process of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder → the mixed state of the solid and the liquid → the solid state → the final hardness/viscosity set by the system, and the control system controls the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to change along with the change of the forming degree value.
2. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ice cream machine is provided with a plurality of gears, each gear is respectively preset with a final forming degree value and an initial value of the forming degree, and when the ice cream machine works at each gear, the control system acquires the difference value between the real-time forming degree value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder and the initial value of the forming degree at the current gear, so as to adjust the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve.
3. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control system acquires the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by acquiring the real-time current value of the working motor of the stirrer, namely the control system presets a group of current threshold values I for each gear respectively1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, I1～InIn successive increments, I1Is the working current value, I, of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnThe working current value and the current threshold value I of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear1Current threshold InEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two current threshold value intervals correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
4. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the control system is also used for acquiring a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, the acquired real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the ice cream machine according to the acquired real-time environment temperature value and the acquired real-time forming valueThe valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve, namely the control system is also preset with a group of environmental temperature threshold values T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent environmental temperature threshold intervals between the current threshold intervals are used as one element in the set A to form the set A, and the current threshold I1Current threshold InEvery two adjacent current threshold value intervals between the two current threshold value intervals serve as one element of the set B to form a set B, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set B form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set B form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
5. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control system acquires the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by acquiring the real-time rotating speed value of the working motor of the stirrer, namely the control system presets a group of rotating speed threshold values R for each gear respectively1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, R1～RnDecrease successively, R1Is the rotating speed value R of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gearnThe rotating speed value of the working motor of the stirrer corresponding to the final forming value of the current gear and the rotating speed threshold value R1Speed threshold RnEvery two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals between the two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
6. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: the control system is further configured to obtain a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, the obtained real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time environment temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system is further preset with a set of environment temperature threshold values T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent ambient temperature threshold intervals in the set A form the set A as one element of the set A, and the rotating speed threshold R1Speed threshold RnEvery two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals between the two adjacent rotating speed threshold value intervals serve as one element of the set C to form a set C, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set C form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set C form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
7. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the control system acquires the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder by acquiring the real-time evaporation temperature value or the real-time air return temperature value of the main refrigerating system, namely the control system respectively presets a group of evaporation/air return temperature threshold values X for each gear1～nWherein n is a natural number greater than 1, X1Xn decreases in sequence, X1Is the evaporation/return air temperature value corresponding to the initial value of the forming degree of the current gear, Xn is the evaporation/return air temperature value corresponding to the final forming degree value of the current gear, and the evaporation/return air temperature threshold value X1And each two adjacent evaporation/return air temperature threshold value intervals between the evaporation/return air temperature threshold values Xn correspond to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
8. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the control system is further configured to obtain a real-time environment temperature value of the ice cream machine, where the obtained real-time environment temperature value is used as a control reference value, and the control system adjusts the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the obtained real-time environment temperature value and the obtained real-time forming value, that is, the control system further presets a set of environment temperature threshold values T1～n，T1～TnSequentially increasing, wherein n is a natural number greater than 1, and an ambient temperature threshold T1-ambient temperature threshold TnEvery two adjacent temperature threshold intervals between the two temperature threshold intervals as one element in the set A to form the set A, and the evaporation/return air temperature threshold X1And every two adjacent environment temperature threshold value intervals between the evaporation/return air temperature threshold values Xn serve as one element of the set D to form a set D, any one element of the set A and any one element of the set D form a combined control parameter, the set A and the set D form a plurality of combined control parameters, and each combined control parameter corresponds to one valve opening degree of the electronic expansion valve.
9. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the control system is also used for monitoring whether the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is discharged and the discharge amount or the discharge frequency, increasing the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to a system set value determined according to the discharge amount or the discharge frequency after the ice cream material is monitored, and then adjusting the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve according to the real-time forming value of the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder after the ice cream material is discharged.
10. A refrigeration control method for an ice cream machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: the control system monitors the real-time return air temperature value of the main refrigeration system, is also provided with an upper limit value N of return air temperature, and increases the valve opening of the electronic expansion valve to the maximum value set by the control system when the acquired real-time return air temperature value is greater than or equal to the upper limit value N of the return air temperature, wherein N is greater than or equal to 0 ℃ and less than or equal to 20 ℃.
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Application publication date: 20200417 |