CN111006949B - Defect quantitative characterization and bursting strength prediction method for defect geomembrane - Google Patents

Defect quantitative characterization and bursting strength prediction method for defect geomembrane Download PDF

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CN111006949B
CN111006949B CN201911274154.9A CN201911274154A CN111006949B CN 111006949 B CN111006949 B CN 111006949B CN 201911274154 A CN201911274154 A CN 201911274154A CN 111006949 B CN111006949 B CN 111006949B
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岑威钧
盛希璇
都旭煌
刘力增
文震宇
潘正阳
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Abstract

The invention discloses a defect quantitative characterization and burst strength prediction method for a defective geomembrane, which is characterized in that geomembrane defects are divided into hole defects, seam defects and damage scratch defects, the hole defects are characterized by equivalent aperture, the seam defects are characterized by equivalent defect length, and the damage scratch defects are characterized by damage degree. Meanwhile, the method for predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects comprises the following steps: preparing a defected geomembrane sample; carrying out bursting tests of geomembranes with different defects; establishing a prediction formula of bursting strength of the geomembrane containing different defects; and predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site. The invention determines a set of complete geomembrane defect classification criteria, realizes the quantitative characterization of the damage degree of the geomembrane defects, establishes a calculation formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects, is used for predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing different defects in a complex construction site, and has important scientific research significance and engineering application value for guiding the construction of the geomembrane.

Description

Defect quantitative characterization and bursting strength prediction method for defect geomembrane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection of geomembranes in water conservancy projects, in particular to a method for quantitatively characterizing defects and predicting bursting strength of a defective geomembrane.
Background
The geomembrane has the advantages of good seepage-proofing performance, strong adaptive deformability, low construction cost, high construction speed and the like, and is widely applied to seepage-proofing projects such as dams, water-retaining cofferdams, reservoir channels, refuse landfills and the like. The thickness of the geotechnical film used in the engineering is 0.5-2 mm mostly. Since the geomembrane is a flexible film material, damage or defects of the geomembrane during production, transportation and construction are almost unavoidable. Engineering practices show that the defects have different shapes, sizes and damage depths, and directly influence the rolling action of the geomembrane on the geomembrane generated by construction machinery, transport vehicles, operating personnel and the like in the construction process and the jacking action of water pressure after engineering operation, so that the capability of the geomembrane for resisting damage is weakened, the integral seepage-proofing performance of the geomembrane is damaged in serious cases, and the seepage-proofing failure of the geomembrane is caused.
Therefore, the method for classifying the defects of the geomembrane is established, the characterization parameters of the defects of the geomembrane are determined, the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects is quantitatively predicted, and the method has important scientific research significance and engineering application value for guiding the construction of the geomembrane.
In the prior art, burst tests in SL/T235-1999 geosynthetic test procedures are used to test the burst strength of geomembranes. It has the following disadvantages:
1. in the prior art, a bursting test is only carried out on an intact geomembrane, and the influence of defect damage of the geomembrane is not considered. Defects generated by the geomembrane in actual engineering cannot be avoided, and the bursting strength of the geomembrane with the defects is closely related to the types and the sizes of the defects, so that the mechanical characteristics of the geomembrane with the defects in the actual engineering cannot be truly reflected by the prior art.
2. The method for predicting bursting strength of geomembranes without different thicknesses and different types of defects in the prior art.
In addition, the geomembrane defects with different shapes, sizes and damage depths of construction sites are not classified at present, and quantitative characterization research on the damage degrees of various defects of the geomembrane is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art and provides a defect quantitative characterization and burst strength prediction method of a defective geomembrane, which determines a set of complete geomembrane defect classification criteria, realizes quantitative characterization of damage degree of the geomembrane defect, establishes a calculation formula of burst strength of the geomembrane with the defect, is used for predicting the burst strength of the geomembrane with different defects on a complex construction site, and has important scientific research significance and engineering application value for guiding the construction of the geomembrane.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for quantitatively characterizing defects of a defective geomembrane comprises the following steps.
Step 1, classifying defects of the geomembrane: according to the defect damage condition of the geomembrane in the actual engineering, dividing the geomembrane defects into hole defects, seam defects and damage scratch defects. Wherein, the hole-shaped defects refer to penetrating circular, quasi-circular and any polygonal defects. The seam defects refer to both straight lines of penetration and near-straight lines. The damage scratch defect is a non-through scratch type defect.
Step 2, quantitative characterization of defects: and (3) carrying out quantitative characterization on each type of defect classified in the step (1). The specific characterization method comprises the following steps:
a) the porous defect is characterized by adopting an equivalent aperture d, and the calculation formula of the equivalent aperture d is as follows:
Figure BDA0002315082870000021
wherein A is the area of the hole-shaped defect on the construction site.
b) The seam defect is characterized by adopting an equivalent defect length l, and the calculation formula of the equivalent defect length l is as follows:
l＝Kl0(2)
wherein l0Is the straight line length between the starting points of the actual seam defects. K is a correction coefficient.
c) And (3) representing the damage scratch defect by adopting a damage degree s, wherein the calculation formula of the damage degree s is as follows:
Figure BDA0002315082870000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002315082870000023
is the average scratch depth. And t is the thickness of the geofilm.
In the step 2a), the method for acquiring the area A of the hole-shaped defect on the construction site comprises the following steps: the hole-shaped defect scanning method is characterized in that an equal-proportion picture of a hole-shaped defect is acquired by field shooting, then the picture is led into a CAD, and the hole-shaped defect is obtained by utilizing a region command for calculation.
In step 2b), the value taking method of the correction coefficient K is as follows: when the seam defect is a straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1. When the seam defect is an approximate straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1.2.
In step 2c), average scratch depth
Figure BDA0002315082870000024
And averaging the depths of the non-penetrating scratches at 3-5 different positions.
A burst strength prediction method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a defect geomembrane sample, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 11, preparing a geomembrane material: preparing 4 different thicknesses t1、t2、t3And t4Of intact geomembrane of (1), wherein the thickness t1<t2<t3<t4。
Step 12, manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing damage defects, wherein the specific manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 12a) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing cellular defects: aiming at each intact geomembrane with the thickness, respectively manufacturing equivalent apertures d at corresponding positions of the geomembrane samples1、d2、d3、d4And d5Wherein d is1<d2<d3<d4<d5。
Step 12b) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing seam-like defects: aiming at each thickness of intact geomembrane, respectively manufacturing equivalent defect length l at corresponding positions of geomembrane samples1、l2、l3、l4And l5In which l is1<l2<l3<l4<l5。
Step 12c) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing a damage scratch defect: for each thickness of intact geomembrane, corresponding position of geomembrane sampleRespectively manufacturing the damage degree of s1、s2、s3And s4Damage and scratch defect of (1), wherein s1<s2<s3<s4。
Step 2, develop t1The thickness damage defect-containing geomembrane bursting test comprises the following steps:
step 21, t1Clamping the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect: the thickness of the geotechnical film manufactured in the step 1 is t1And the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A is installed and fixed on a bursting test bed of a universal testing machine. Wherein the damage defect A has an equivalent pore diameter of d1Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect1Has a seam defect or damage degree of s1Damage scratch defect of (1).
Step 22, bursting test: c, enabling a flat-head ejector rod of the universal testing machine to clamp the t clamped in the step 21 according to the set jacking rate1And (4) carrying out bursting test on the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect. And recording the bursting pressure of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A after the geomembrane is burst and damaged.
Step 23, develop t1Bursting tests of geomembranes with different specifications and types of damage defects are as follows: and (3) replacing the damage defect A in the step 21 with a damage defect B, a damage defect C, a damage defect D and a damage defect E in sequence, repeating the step 22, and recording the bursting pressure of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects B, C, D and E. Damage defect B with an equivalent pore diameter of d2Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect2Has a seam defect or damage degree of s2Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect C is an equivalent pore diameter of d3Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect3Has a seam defect or damage degree of s3Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect D is an equivalent aperture of D4Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect4Has a seam defect or damage degree of s4Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect E is equivalent aperture d5Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect5The seam defect of (2) damage scratch defect.
Step 3, developAnd (3) carrying out bursting test on the geomembrane with the same thickness and containing damage defects: step 2, t1Sequentially replacing the thickness geomembrane with t2、t3And t4And (5) thickness geomembrane, repeating the step 2, and respectively recording t2Burst pressure of geomembrane specimens containing damage defects A, B, C, D and E at thickness.
Step 4, determining a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects: burst strength of geomembrane containing damage defects comprises burst strength F of geomembrane containing hole-shaped defectspdGeomembrane bursting strength F containing seam-shaped defectsplAnd geomembrane bursting strength F containing damage scratch defectsps. The method for determining the prediction formula comprises the following steps:
step 41: establishing a prediction formula: performing multiple regression analysis on the test data obtained in the step 2-3 based on Matlab, finding that a linear relation exists between the burst strength and the thickness t of the geomembrane, and a secondary nonlinear relation exists between the burst strength and the characterization parameter x of the geomembrane defects, and establishing a calculation formula as follows:
Fpd＝(adt+bd)(-cdx2+edx+fd) (4)
in the formula (4), FpdThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the hole-shaped defects is shown. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x is the equivalent pore diameter d of the pore defect. a isd，bd，cd，edAnd fdFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Fpl＝(alt+bl)(-clx2+elx+fl) (5)
In the formula (5), FplThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing seam-shaped defects. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x is the equivalent defect length l of the seam defect. a isl，bl，cl，elAnd flFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Fps＝(ast+bs)(-csx2+esx+fs) (6)
In the formula (6), FpsIs a damageAnd damaging the bursting strength of the geomembrane with the scratch defects. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x represents the degree of damage s. a iss，bs，cs，esAnd fsFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Step 42: determination of formula calculation parameters: and (3) substituting the thickness of the geomembrane, the defect characterization parameters and the bursting strength data of the geomembrane obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into corresponding formulas (4), (5) or (6), and performing mathematical operation by using Matlab to obtain five unknown calculation parameters of the corresponding formulas.
Step 5, predicting bursting strength of the geomembrane containing defects on the construction site: and (4) predicting and calculating the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site according to the prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects determined in the step (4).
In the step 5, the method for predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects in the construction site comprises the following steps:
step 51, judging the defect types of the geomembrane of the construction site: and observing damage defects on the geomembrane in actual engineering, and determining the types of the damage defects.
And step 52, measuring the thickness t of the geotechnical film on the construction site.
Step 53, calculating a geomembrane defect characterization parameter x: and selecting a calculation formula of quantitative characterization parameters of the geomembrane defects corresponding to the defect types according to the defect types judged in the step 51.
Step 54, predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site: and (4) according to the defect type determined in the step (51), selecting a geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula corresponding to the defect type from the step (4), and substituting the geomembrane defect characterization parameter x calculated in the step (53) into the selected geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula, so that the bursting strength of the geomembrane with the defects in the construction site is predicted.
And step 54, if the obtained bursting strength predicted value of the geomembrane with the defects on the construction site is smaller than the engineering design control value, the defect damage degree of the geomembrane is over large and does not meet the engineering safe operation requirement, and the defect parts in the geomembrane are correspondingly replaced or repaired. And if the predicted value is greater than the engineering design control value, the rolling action force generated on the geomembrane during actual construction is required to be smaller than the obtained predicted value. Otherwise, the defects of the geomembrane can be continuously enlarged in the construction process, so that the geomembrane can not meet the requirements of safe operation of engineering.
Step 1 further comprises step 13, flattening the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects, which is manufactured in step 12, by using a heavy object so as to eliminate bending influence and timely mark and store the sample in a classified manner.
In step 22, the flat head ejector rod is selected from the following specifications: diameter 50mm, height 100 mm. The set top pressure rate of the universal tester is 20 mm/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the defect form of the geomembrane on the construction site, the geomembrane defects in the actual engineering are classified into hole defects, seam defects and damage scratch defects through statistics and induction, so that a set of complete geomembrane defect classification criteria is obtained.
2. According to the method, the equivalent diameter is used for representing the hole-shaped defects, the equivalent defect length is used for representing the seam-shaped defects, and the damage degree is used for representing the damage scratch defects, so that the quantitative representation of the damage degree of the geomembrane defects is realized, and the deep research on the mechanical properties of the geomembrane containing the defects is facilitated.
3. According to the geomembrane defect classification method, the calculation formulas of the geomembrane bursting strength containing the hole-shaped defects, the seam-shaped defects and the damage scratch defects are respectively established, the defects of the construction site are classified according to the geomembrane defect classification criteria, the corresponding calculation formulas are selected to quantitatively predict the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing different defects in the construction site, the bursting strength is predicted according to the geomembrane defect classification, and the method is accurate, convenient and rapid.
4. The calculated bursting strength of the defective geomembrane is used for judging whether the defective geomembrane needs to be replaced or repaired in actual engineering and meeting the restriction requirement on construction load, thereby ensuring the requirement on safe operation of the engineering.
5. The established strength prediction formula considers two main influence factors of the thickness and the defect type of the geotechnical film, and has simple form and strong universality.
6. The invention considers the influence of the defect damage of the geomembrane and can truly reflect the shape and the mechanical property of the geomembrane containing the defects in the actual engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the defect characterization of different geomembranes according to the present invention. Wherein FIG. 1(a) shows a schematic representation of a pore defect; FIG. 1(b) shows a schematic representation of a seam defect; fig. 1(c) shows a schematic representation of the characterization of damage scratch defects.
Figure 2 is a burst strength curve for geomembranes of 2mm thickness containing different diameter hole defects.
Figure 3 is a burst strength curve for geomembranes of 2mm thickness containing varying length seam defects.
Fig. 4 is a burst strength curve of a geomembrane with 2mm thickness and different damage scratch defects with different damage degrees.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
A method for quantitatively characterizing defects of a defective geomembrane comprises the following steps.
Step 1, classifying defects of the geomembrane.
According to the defect damage condition of the geomembrane in actual engineering caused by production, transportation, construction and other reasons, the defects of the geomembrane are divided into hole defects, seam defects and damage scratch defects.
The hole-like defect refers to a defect such as a penetrating circle, a quasi-circle, and an arbitrary polygon, as shown in the left diagram of fig. 1 (a).
The seam-like defect refers to a defect such as a straight line and an approximate straight line, and is shown in the left diagram of fig. 1 (b).
The damage scratch defect is a defect such as a non-through scratch, and is shown in the left diagram of fig. 1 (c).
Step 2, quantitative characterization of defects: and (3) carrying out quantitative characterization on each type of defect classified in the step (1). The specific characterization method comprises the following steps:
a) a cellular defect characterized by an equivalent pore diameter d, as shown on the right hand panel in FIG. 1 (a); the calculation formula of the equivalent aperture d is as follows:
Figure BDA0002315082870000061
wherein, A is the area of the hole-shaped defect of the construction site, and the obtaining method is preferably as follows: the hole-shaped defect scanning method is characterized in that an equal-proportion picture of a hole-shaped defect is acquired by field shooting, then the picture is led into a CAD, and the hole-shaped defect is obtained by utilizing a region command for calculation.
b) Seam defects, characterized by an equivalent defect length l, as shown on the right in FIG. 1 (b); the calculation formula of the equivalent defect length l is as follows:
l＝Kl0 (2)
wherein l0Is the straight line length between the starting points of the actual seam defects. K is a correction coefficient, and the value taking method is preferably as follows: when the seam defect is a straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1. When the seam defect is an approximate straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1.2.
c) Damage scratch defects, characterized by a damage degree s, as shown on the right in fig. 1 (c); the calculation formula of the damage degree s is as follows:
Figure BDA0002315082870000062
wherein t is the thickness of the geomembrane;
Figure BDA0002315082870000063
the average scratch depth is preferably obtained by averaging the depths of 3-5 non-penetrating scratches at different positions.
A burst strength prediction method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a defect geomembrane sample, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 11, preparing a geomembrane material: preparing 4 different thicknesses t1、t2、t3And t4Of intact geomembrane of (1), wherein the thickness t1<t2<t3<t4. Further, t1、t2、t3And t4Preferably 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm and 2.0mm respectively in that order.
Step 12, manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing damage defects, wherein the specific manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 12a) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing cellular defects: aiming at each intact geomembrane with the thickness, respectively manufacturing equivalent apertures d at corresponding positions of the geomembrane samples1、d2、d3、d4And d5Wherein d is1<d2<d3<d4<d5。
Further, d1、d2、d3、d4And d5Preferably 0mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm and 20mm respectively in this order.
Step 12b) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing seam-like defects: aiming at each thickness of intact geomembrane, respectively manufacturing equivalent defect length l at corresponding positions of geomembrane samples1、l2、l3、l4And l5In which l is1<l2<l3<l4<l5。
Further, l1、l2、l3、l4And l5Preferably 0mm, 6mm, 12mm, 24mm and 48mm respectively in this order.
Step 12c) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing a damage scratch defect: aiming at each thickness of intact geomembrane, respectively manufacturing damage degrees s at corresponding positions of geomembrane samples1、s2、s3And s4Damage and scratch defect of (1), wherein s1<s2<s3<s4。
Further, s1、s2、s3And s4Preferably 0, 25%, 50% and 75% in this order.
And step 13, flattening the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects, which is manufactured in the step 12, by using a heavy object so as to eliminate bending influence and timely mark and store the geomembrane sample in a classified manner.
Step (ii) of2, developing t1The thickness damage defect-containing geomembrane bursting test comprises the following steps:
step 21, t1Clamping the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect: the thickness of the geotechnical film manufactured in the step 1 is t1And the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A is installed and fixed on a bursting test bed of a universal testing machine. Wherein the damage defect A has an equivalent pore diameter of d1Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect1Has a seam defect or damage degree of s1Damage scratch defect of (1).
Step 22, bursting test: c, enabling a flat-head ejector rod of the universal testing machine to clamp the t clamped in the step 21 according to the set jacking rate1And (4) carrying out bursting test on the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect. When the geomembrane is burst and damaged, recording the burst pressure of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A, and respectively recording the burst pressure as Fd11、Fl11And Fs11(ii) a Wherein, Fd11Is the equivalent aperture d1Corresponding burst pressure, Fl11Is equivalent defect length l1Corresponding burst pressure; fs11Is degree of damage s1Corresponding burst pressure.
The flat head mandril preferably has the following specification: diameter 50mm, height 100 mm. The set pressing rate of the universal tester is preferably 20 mm/min.
Step 23, develop t1Bursting tests of geomembranes with different specifications and types of damage defects are as follows: replacing the damage defect A in the step 21 with a damage defect B, a damage defect C, a damage defect D and a damage defect E in sequence, repeating the step 22, and recording the bursting pressure F of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects B, C, D and Ed12、Fd13、Fd14And Fd15。
Damage defect B with an equivalent pore diameter of d2Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect2Has a seam defect or damage degree of s2Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect C is an equivalent pore diameter of d3Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect3Has a seam defect or damage degree of s3Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect D is an equivalent aperture of D4Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect4Has a seam defect or damage degree of s4Damage scratch defect of (1). Damage defect E is equivalent aperture d5Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect5The seam defect of (2) damage scratch defect.
Equivalent aperture d2、d3、d4And d5The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fd12、Fd13、Fd14And Fd15。
Equivalent defect length l2、l3、l4And l5The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fl12、Fl13、Fl14And Fl15。
Degree of damage s2、s3And s4The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fs12、Fs13And Fs14。
And 3, carrying out rupture tests on the geomembranes with different thicknesses and containing damage defects.
Step 2, t1Sequentially replacing the thickness geomembrane with t2、t3And t4And (5) thickness geomembrane, repeating the step 2, and respectively recording t2Burst pressure of geomembrane specimens containing damage defects A, B, C, D and E at thickness.
Burst pressure recorded for equivalent pore size is as follows:
t2thickness geomembrane: equivalent aperture d2、d3、d4And d5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fd22、Fd23、Fd24And Fd25。
t3Thickness geomembrane: equivalent aperture d2、d3、d4And d5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fd32、Fd33、Fd34And Fd35。
t4Thickness geomembrane: equivalent aperture d2、d3、d4And d5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fd42、Fd43、Fd44And Fd45. Wherein FIG. 2 shows a thickness of 2mm (i.e., t)4Thickness) bursting strength curve of geomembranes containing cellular defects.
In this example, the burst strength data is recorded by taking the equivalent pore diameter as an example, as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 burst Strength (kN) of geomembranes with different diameter hole defects
Figure BDA0002315082870000081
Burst pressure for equivalent defect length recording is as follows:
t2thickness geomembrane: equivalent defect length l2、l3、l4And l5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fl22、Fl23、Fl24And Fl25。
t3Thickness geomembrane: equivalent defect length l2、l3、l4And l5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fl32、Fl33、Fl34And Fl35。
t4Thickness geomembrane: equivalent defect length l2、l3、l4And l5The corresponding burst pressure is noted as: fl42、Fl43、Fl44And Fl45。
Wherein, figure 3 shows the burst strength curve of the geomembrane with the thickness of 2mm and containing seam-shaped defects.
Burst pressure recorded for damage is as follows:
t2thickness geomembrane: degree of damage s2、s3And s4The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fs22、Fs23And Fs24。
t3Thickness geomembrane: degree of damage s2、s3And s4The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fs32、Fs33And Fs34。
t4Thickness geomembrane: degree of damages2、s3And s4The corresponding burst pressures are respectively noted as: fs42、Fs43And Fs44。
Wherein, figure 4 shows the burst strength curve of geomembrane with damage scratch defect and the thickness of 2 mm.
And 4, determining a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects.
Burst strength of geomembrane containing damage defects comprises burst strength F of geomembrane containing hole-shaped defectspdGeomembrane bursting strength F containing seam-shaped defectsplAnd geomembrane bursting strength F containing damage scratch defectsps。
The method for determining the prediction formula comprises the following steps.
Step 41: establishing a prediction formula: and (3) carrying out multiple regression analysis on the test data obtained in the step (2-3) based on Matlab, finding that a linear relation exists between the bursting strength and the thickness t of the geomembrane, and a secondary nonlinear relation exists between the bursting strength and the characterization parameter x of the geomembrane defects, and establishing a corresponding calculation formula.
The prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the porous defects is shown as the following formula (4):
Fpd＝(adt+bd)(-cdx2+edx+fd) (4)
in the formula (4), FpdThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the hole-shaped defects is shown. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x is the equivalent pore diameter d of the pore defect. a isd，bd，cd，edAnd fdFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Secondly, a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the seam-shaped defects is shown in the following formula (5):
Fpl＝(alt+bl)(-clx2+elx+fl) (5)
in the formula (5), FplThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing seam-shaped defects. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x is the equivalent defect length l of the seam defect. a isl，bl，cl，elAnd flFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Thirdly, a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage scratch defects is shown in the following formula (6):
Fps＝(ast+bs)(-csx2+esx+fs) (6)
in the formula (6), FpsThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage scratch defect. And t is the thickness of the geofilm. x represents the degree of damage s. a iss，bs，cs，esAnd fsFor five unknown parameters to be determined.
Step 42: and determining formula calculation parameters.
And (3) substituting the thickness of the geomembrane, the defect characterization parameters and the bursting strength data of the geomembrane obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into corresponding formulas (4), (5) or (6), and performing mathematical operation by using Matlab to obtain five unknown calculation parameters of the corresponding formulas.
The specific determination method of five calculation parameters in the bursting strength prediction formula of the geomembrane containing the porous defects comprises the following steps: substituting the thickness, the hole-shaped defect diameter and the bursting strength data of the geomembrane obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into a formula (4), and performing mathematical operation by using Matlab to obtain ad＝2.072，bd＝-0.515，cd＝0.002，ed＝0.022，fd＝0.971。
Secondly, a specific determination method of five calculation parameters in a bursting strength prediction formula of the geomembrane containing the seam-shaped defects comprises the following steps: substituting the thickness, the length of the seam-shaped defect and the bursting strength data of the geomembrane obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into a formula (5), and performing mathematical operation by using Matlab to obtain al＝2.072，bl＝-0.515，cl＝-0.0002，el＝0.0001，fl＝0.987。
Thirdly, the concrete determination method of five calculation parameters in the prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage scratch defects comprises the following steps: substituting the geomembrane thickness, the damage degree and the geomembrane bursting strength data obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into a formula (6), and utilizing MThe atlab performs a mathematical operation to obtain as＝2.072，bs＝-0.515，cs＝-1.044，es＝0.157，fs＝0.979。
Step 43, obtaining a prediction formula: substituting the formula calculation parameters determined in step 42 into the prediction formula established in step 41 to obtain an updated prediction formula, which is respectively expressed as follows:
the prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the porous defects is updated as follows:
Fpd＝(2.072t-0.515)(0.002x2+0.022x+0.971) (4)
secondly, updating a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the seam-shaped defects into:
FPl＝(2.072t-0.515)(-0.0002x2+0.0001x+0.987) (5)
and thirdly, updating a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage scratch defects into:
FPs＝(2.072t-0.515)(-1.044x2+0.157x+0.979) (6)
step 5, predicting bursting strength of the geomembrane containing defects on the construction site:
and (4) predicting and calculating the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site according to the prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects determined in the step (4). The specific prediction method preferably comprises the following steps:
step 51, judging the defect types of the geomembrane of the construction site: and observing damage defects on the geomembrane in actual engineering, and determining the types of the damage defects. And (4) damaging the type of the defect, and particularly referring to a defect quantitative characterization method of the defect geomembrane.
And step 52, measuring the thickness t of the geotechnical film on the construction site.
Step 53, calculating a geomembrane defect characterization parameter x: and selecting a calculation formula of quantitative characterization parameters of the geomembrane defects corresponding to the defect types according to the defect types judged in the step 51.
If the defect is a hole-shaped defect, the defect area A of the geomembrane in the actual engineering needs to be measured and substituted into the formula (1) to obtain an equivalent holeThe diameter d of the defect; if the defect is a seam defect, the linear length l between the starting points of the seam defect needs to be measured0Substituting the equivalent defect length l into a formula (2) to obtain the equivalent defect length l of the seam-shaped defect; and if the scratch defect is damaged, measuring the scratch depth at 5 positions, calculating the average scratch depth h, and substituting the average scratch depth h into the formula (3) to calculate the damage degree s.
Step 54, predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site: and (4) according to the defect type determined in the step (51), selecting a geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula corresponding to the defect type from the step (4), and substituting the geomembrane defect characterization parameter x calculated in the step (53) into the selected geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula, so that the bursting strength of the geomembrane with the defects in the construction site is predicted.
If the hole defects exist, substituting the thickness t of the geomembrane obtained in the step 52 and the equivalent hole defect diameter d into a formula (4), and predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the hole defects on the construction site by calculation; if the seam-shaped defect exists, substituting the thickness t of the geomembrane obtained in the step 52 and the equivalent defect length l of the seam-shaped defect into a formula (5), and predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the seam-shaped defect on the construction site by calculation; and (3) if the damage scratch defect exists, substituting the thickness t of the geomembrane obtained in the step (52) and the damage degree s of the damage scratch defect into a formula (6), and predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage scratch defect on the construction site through calculation.
And if the obtained bursting strength predicted value of the geomembrane containing the defects in the construction site is smaller than the engineering design control value, the defect damage degree of the geomembrane is over large and does not meet the engineering safe operation requirement, and the defect parts in the geomembrane are correspondingly replaced or repaired. And if the predicted value is greater than the engineering design control value, the rolling action force generated on the geomembrane during actual construction is required to be smaller than the obtained predicted value. Otherwise, the defects of the geomembrane can be continuously enlarged in the construction process, so that the geomembrane can not meet the requirements of safe operation of engineering.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A defect quantitative characterization method of a defect geomembrane is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, classifying defects of the geomembrane: dividing the defects of the geomembrane into hole-shaped defects, seam-shaped defects and damage scratch defects according to the defect damage condition of the geomembrane in the actual engineering; wherein, the porous defect refers to a penetrating circular defect, a quasi-circular defect and an arbitrary polygonal defect; the seam-like defects refer to defects of a penetrating straight line and an approximate straight line; the damage scratch defect refers to a non-penetrating scratch defect;
step 2, quantitative characterization of defects: carrying out quantitative characterization on each type of defects classified in the step 1; the specific characterization method comprises the following steps:
a) the porous defect is characterized by adopting an equivalent aperture d, and the calculation formula of the equivalent aperture d is as follows:
Figure FDA0002715263050000011
wherein A is the area of the hole-shaped defect of the construction site;
b) the seam defect is characterized by adopting an equivalent defect length l, and the calculation formula of the equivalent defect length l is as follows:
l＝Kl0 (2)
wherein l0The length of a straight line between the starting points of the actual seam defects; k is a correction coefficient; the value taking method of the correction coefficient K comprises the following steps: when the seam-shaped defect is a penetrating straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1; when the seam defect is an approximate straight line, the correction coefficient K is 1.2;
c) and (3) representing the damage scratch defect by adopting a damage degree s, wherein the calculation formula of the damage degree s is as follows:
Figure FDA0002715263050000012
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002715263050000013
average scratch depth; and t is the thickness of the geofilm.
2. The method for quantitatively characterizing the defects of the defective geomembrane according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2a), the method for acquiring the area A of the hole-shaped defect on the construction site comprises the following steps: the hole-shaped defect scanning method is characterized in that an equal-proportion picture of a hole-shaped defect is acquired by field shooting, then the picture is led into a CAD, and the hole-shaped defect is obtained by utilizing a region command for calculation.
3. The method for quantitatively characterizing the defects of the defective geomembrane according to claim 1, wherein: in step 2c), average scratch depth
Figure FDA0002715263050000014
And averaging the depths of the non-penetrating scratches at 3-5 different positions.
4. A burst strength prediction method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a defect geomembrane sample, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 11, preparing a geomembrane material: preparing 4 different thicknesses t1、t2、t3And t4Of intact geomembrane of (1), wherein the thickness t1<t2<t3<t4；
Step 12, manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing damage defects, wherein the specific manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
step 12a) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing cellular defects: aiming at each intact geomembrane with the thickness, respectively manufacturing equivalent apertures d at corresponding positions of the geomembrane samples1、d2、d3、d4And d5Wherein d is1<d2<d3<d4<d5；
Step 12b) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing seam-like defects: aiming at each thickness of intact geomembrane, respectively manufacturing equivalent defect length l at corresponding positions of geomembrane samples1、l2、l3、l4And l5In which l is1<l2<l3<l4<l5；
Step 12c) manufacturing a geomembrane sample containing a damage scratch defect: aiming at each thickness of intact geomembrane, respectively manufacturing damage degrees s at corresponding positions of geomembrane samples1、s2、s3And s4Damage and scratch defect of (1), wherein s1<s2<s3<s4；
Step 2, develop t1The thickness damage defect-containing geomembrane bursting test comprises the following steps:
step 21, t1Clamping the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect: the thickness of the geotechnical film manufactured in the step 1 is t1Installing and fixing the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A on a bursting test bed of a universal testing machine; wherein the damage defect A has an equivalent pore diameter of d1Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect1Has a seam defect or damage degree of s1Damage scratch defects of (1);
step 22, bursting test: c, enabling a flat-head ejector rod of the universal testing machine to clamp the t clamped in the step 21 according to the set jacking rate1Carrying out bursting test on the geomembrane with the thickness and the damage defect; recording the bursting pressure of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defect A after the geomembrane is burst and damaged;
step 23, develop t1Bursting tests of geomembranes with different specifications and types of damage defects are as follows: replacing the damage defect A in the step 21 with a damage defect B, a damage defect C, a damage defect D and a damage defect E in sequence, repeating the step 22, and recording the bursting pressure of the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects B, C, D and E; damage defect B with an equivalent pore diameter of d2Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect2Has a seam defect or damage degree of s2Damage scratch defect of(ii) a Damage defect C is an equivalent pore diameter of d3Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect3Has a seam defect or damage degree of s3Damage scratch defects of (1); damage defect D is an equivalent aperture of D4Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect4Has a seam defect or damage degree of s4Damage scratch defects of (1); damage defect E is equivalent aperture d5Has a length of l of a hole-like defect or equivalent defect5Damage scratch defects of the seam-like defects;
step 3, carrying out rupture tests on geomembranes with different thicknesses and damage defects: step 2, t1Sequentially replacing the thickness geomembrane with t2、t3And t4And (5) thickness geomembrane, repeating the step 2, and respectively recording t2Burst pressure of geomembrane samples containing damage defects A, B, C, D and E at thickness;
step 4, determining a prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects: burst strength of geomembrane containing damage defects comprises burst strength F of geomembrane containing hole-shaped defectspdGeomembrane bursting strength F containing seam-shaped defectsplAnd geomembrane bursting strength F containing damage scratch defectsps(ii) a The method for determining the prediction formula comprises the following steps:
step 41: establishing a prediction formula: performing multiple regression analysis on the test data obtained in the step 2-3 based on Matlab, finding that a linear relation exists between the burst strength and the thickness t of the geomembrane, and a secondary nonlinear relation exists between the burst strength and the characterization parameter x of the geomembrane defects, and establishing a calculation formula as follows:
Fpd＝(adt+bd)(-cdx2+edx+fd) (4)
in the formula (4), FpdThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the hole-shaped defects; t is the thickness of the geomembrane; x is the equivalent pore diameter d of the porous defect; a isd，bd，cd，edAnd fdFive unknown parameters to be determined;
Fpl＝(alt+bl)(-clx2+elx+fl) (5)
in the formula (5), FplThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing seam-shaped defects; t is the thickness of the geomembrane; x is the equivalent defect length l of the seam-like defect; a isl，bl，cl，elAnd flFive unknown parameters to be determined;
Fps＝(ast+bs)(-csx2+esx+fs) (6)
in the formula (6), FpsThe bursting strength of the geomembrane containing damage scratch defects; t is the thickness of the geomembrane; x represents the damage degree s; a iss，bs，cs，esAnd fsFive unknown parameters to be determined;
step 42: determination of formula calculation parameters: substituting the geomembrane thickness, the defect characterization parameters and the geomembrane bursting strength data obtained in the steps 2 to 3 into corresponding formulas (4), (5) or (6), and performing mathematical operation by using Matlab to obtain five unknown calculation parameters of the corresponding formulas;
step 5, predicting bursting strength of the geomembrane containing defects on the construction site: and (4) predicting and calculating the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site according to the prediction formula of the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the damage defects determined in the step (4).
5. The burst strength prediction method according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 5, the method for predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects in the construction site comprises the following steps:
step 51, judging the defect types of the geomembrane of the construction site: observing damage defects on the geomembrane in actual engineering, and determining the types of the damage defects;
step 52, measuring the thickness t of the geotechnical film on the construction site;
step 53, calculating a geomembrane defect characterization parameter x: selecting a calculation formula of quantitative characterization parameters of the geomembrane defects corresponding to the defect types according to the defect types judged in the step 51;
step 54, predicting the bursting strength of the geomembrane containing the defects on the construction site: and (4) according to the defect type determined in the step (51), selecting a geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula corresponding to the defect type from the step (4), and substituting the geomembrane defect characterization parameter x calculated in the step (53) into the selected geomembrane bursting strength prediction formula, so that the bursting strength of the geomembrane with the defects in the construction site is predicted.
6. The burst strength prediction method according to claim 5, wherein: step 54, if the obtained bursting strength predicted value of the geomembrane with the defects on the construction site is smaller than the engineering design control value, the damage degree of the defects of the geomembrane is over large, the engineering safety operation requirement is not met, and the defects in the geomembrane are correspondingly replaced or repaired; if the predicted value is larger than the engineering design control value, the rolling action force generated on the geomembrane is required to be smaller than the obtained predicted value during actual construction; otherwise, the defects of the geomembrane can be continuously enlarged in the construction process, so that the geomembrane can not meet the requirements of safe operation of engineering.
7. The burst strength prediction method according to claim 4, wherein: step 1 further comprises step 13, flattening the geomembrane sample containing the damage defects, which is manufactured in step 12, by using a heavy object so as to eliminate bending influence and timely mark and store the sample in a classified manner.
8. The burst strength prediction method according to claim 4, wherein: in step 22, the flat head ejector rod is selected from the following specifications: the diameter is 50mm, and the height is 100 mm; the set top pressure rate of the universal tester is 20 mm/min.
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