CN111004033A - 一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111004033A
CN111004033A CN201911190441.1A CN201911190441A CN111004033A CN 111004033 A CN111004033 A CN 111004033A CN 201911190441 A CN201911190441 A CN 201911190441A CN 111004033 A CN111004033 A CN 111004033A
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parts
cutter
polycrystalline diamond
diamond cutter
cutting
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王路明
宦海祥
钟栋青
王上
季杰
蒋蕾
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Jiangsu Heji New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法。该方法包括以下步骤：按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉75‑80份、纳米碳1‑5份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮8‑12份、氮化硅1‑3份、氧化铜1‑4份、蓖麻油1‑4份、秸秆纤维28‑35份、碳化铬0.2‑0.5份；将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具。本发明制备方法简单，所得的聚晶金刚石刀具的硬度大，切割不一出现卷边，且在切割盐碱地的秸秆时，不用涂抹防护剂即可实现刀面的防护。

Description

一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于切割秸秆用具领域，具体涉及一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法。
背景技术
金刚石作为一种超硬刀具材料应用于切削加工领域，已有悠久的历史。但是天然金刚石数量稀缺，价格昂贵，难以满足大量应用的需要。
聚晶金刚石(Polycrystalline diamond)是一种人造金刚石，用以替代天然金刚石(单晶)，突破了数量与价格的限制，目前国内聚晶金刚石合成，由于金刚石颗粒的原始堆积密度低，孔隙多，在高温高压下，颗粒与另一颗粒接触，金刚石与金刚石颗粒之间属于强键结合，晶粒相互接触处压力高，使金刚石颗粒自身碎裂，而碎裂产生的碎化金刚石颗粒大部分仍集中在原来位置，碎化的金刚石的晶界间也没有全部被粘结剂填充。这样就影响了粘结剂相的均匀分布 ，从而最终导致PCD的耐磨性降低。因此，需要研发一种成本低廉，且制备方法简单的聚晶金刚石刀具来满足使用。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，该聚晶金刚石刀具取材简单，硬度高，且不易卷边，尤其适合用于切割盐碱地生长的植物秸秆，刀面不易被腐蚀。
一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉75-80份、纳米碳1-5份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮8-12份、氮化硅1-3份、氧化铜1-4份、蓖麻油1-4份、秸秆纤维28-35份、碳化铬0.2-0.5份；
步骤2，将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；
步骤3，将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具。
作为改进的是，步骤2中球磨机的球磨速度为12000-15000rpm。
作为改进的是，步骤2中真空环境下煅烧的温度为500-700℃。
作为改进的是，步骤3中烧结压力为7.5-8.5GPa，温度为1600-1800℃。
作为改进的是，步骤3中在母粒投入前，在模具内涂抹脱模剂。
进一步改进的是，所述脱模剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡、矿物油或水性硅油。
作为改进的是，所述金刚石聚晶刀的刀刃表面粗糙度Ra为0.2-0.4μｍ。
作为改进的是，所述金刚石微粉的粒径为30-50μｍ。
有益效果：
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，该制备方法简单，所得的聚晶金刚石刀具的硬度大，切割不易出现卷边，在选择组分时通过将金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、碳化铬等混合在一起煅烧，这些组分的协同作用提高了刀具的硬度的，切割秸秆的同时，亦可切割硬度更硬的植物，拓宽刀具的商使用领域，另外，聚晶金刚石在煅烧后形成致密的组织，具有很强的耐磨耐腐蚀性，尤其适合切割盐碱地等特殊地域产的秸秆，比如盐碱地的秸秆体内盐份含量高，易腐蚀刀具表面，使得刀具的使用寿命大大缩短，但本发明的刀具因为特殊组分组合以及特定的制备方法，延长了刀具的使用寿命，减少普通刀具在使用前涂抹防护层的程序，具有良好的市场前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉75份、纳米碳1份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮8份、氮化硅1份、氧化铜1份、蓖麻油1份、秸秆纤维28份、碳化铬0.2份；
步骤2，将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下500℃煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，以12000rpm球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；
步骤3，将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具；烧结压力为7.5GPa，温度为1600℃。
所述金刚石聚晶刀的刀刃表面粗糙度Ra为0.2μｍ。
所述金刚石微粉的粒径为30μｍ。
对上述刀具进行检测，所得数据如下所示，硬度为91.5HRA，密度12.5 g/cm3，磨耗比46.2万，耐腐蚀能力强。
实施例2
一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉78份、纳米碳3份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮10份、氮化硅2份、氧化铜3份、蓖麻油2份、秸秆纤维30份、碳化铬0.4份；
步骤2，将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下600℃煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，以13000rpm球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；
步骤3，将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具，其中，烧结压力为8.0GPa，温度为1700℃。
所述金刚石聚晶刀的刀刃表面粗糙度Ra为0.3μｍ。
所述金刚石微粉的粒径为40μｍ。
对上述刀具进行检测，所得数据如下所示，硬度为93.4HRA，密度11.5 g/cm3，磨耗比44.8万，耐腐蚀能力强。
实施例3
一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉80份、纳米碳5份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮12份、氮化硅3份、氧化铜4份、蓖麻油4份、秸秆纤维35份、碳化铬0.5份；
步骤2，将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下700℃煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，以15000rpm球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；
步骤3，将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具，其中，烧结压力为8.5GPa，温度为1800℃。
所述金刚石聚晶刀的刀刃表面粗糙度Ra为0.4μｍ。
所述金刚石微粉的粒径为50μｍ。
对上述刀具进行检测，所得数据如下所示，硬度为96.3HRA，密度13.1 g/cm3，磨耗比45.8万，耐腐蚀能力强。
实施例4
除骤3中在母粒投入前，在模具内涂抹脱模剂，所述脱模剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡、矿物油或水性硅油。
对上述刀具进行检测，所得数据如下所示，硬度为93.4HRA，密度11.5 g/cm3，磨耗比45.8万，耐腐蚀能力比实施例2的强。
从上述结果中可以看出，本发明刀具硬度大，切割不一出现卷边，且在切割盐碱地的秸秆时，不用涂抹防护剂即可实现刀面的防护。

Claims (8)

1.一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：步骤1，按重量份数计称取，金刚石微粉75-80份、纳米碳1-5份、聚乙烯吡络烷酮8-12份、氮化硅1-3份、氧化铜1-4份、蓖麻油1-4份、秸秆纤维28-35份、碳化铬0.2-0.5份；步骤2，将秸秆纤维投入管式炉中真空环境下煅烧后，转入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入金刚石微粉、纳米碳、氮化硅、氧化铜、蓖麻油与碳化铬，球磨30小时，烘干后，制粒；步骤3，将所得母粒投入刀具的模具中，置于六八压机中烧结，即得刀具。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中球磨机的球磨速度为12000-15000rpm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2中真空环境下煅烧的温度为500-700℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3中烧结压力为7.5-8.5GPa，温度为1600-1800℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3中在母粒投入前，在模具内涂抹脱模剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，所述脱模剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡、矿物油或水性硅油。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金刚石聚晶刀的刀刃表面粗糙度Ra为0.2-0.4μｍ。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种切割秸秆用聚晶金刚石刀具的制备方法，其特征在于，所述金刚石微粉的粒径为30-50μｍ。
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