CN111002229A - Processing method for strengthening surface of liquid shot blasting - Google Patents
Processing method for strengthening surface of liquid shot blasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111002229A CN111002229A CN201911371799.4A CN201911371799A CN111002229A CN 111002229 A CN111002229 A CN 111002229A CN 201911371799 A CN201911371799 A CN 201911371799A CN 111002229 A CN111002229 A CN 111002229A
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- shot blasting
- shot
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- transformer oil
- processed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
- B24C7/0076—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier the blasting medium being a liquid stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0092—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed by mechanical means, e.g. by screw conveyors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the surface strengthening technology, in particular to a processing method for strengthening the surface of liquid shot blasting, aiming at solving the problems that the shot blasting strengthening effect of the traditional shot driven by compressed air is limited, and the shot is easy to damage and cause the inlaying of the damaged shot in the shot blasting processing of blades and the like, the invention provides the liquid shot blasting which uses a steel shot as a medium and transformer oil as a carrier, and the compressed air and a shot delivery pump are used for jointly driving mixed grinding fluid of the steel shot and the transformer oil, so that the mixed grinding fluid impacts the surface of a component at a high speed, the surface of the component is subjected to elastoplastic deformation, the surface microstructure is changed, the residual compressive stress is generated on the surface, the reliability and the durability of the component are finally improved, and the crystal grains are further refined compared with the traditional pneumatic shot blasting and wet shot blasting; further improving the strength of the residual compressive stress on the surface of the part and further increasing the depth of the residual compressive stress layer; further improving the fatigue strength of the components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the surface strengthening technology, and particularly relates to a processing method for strengthening the surface of liquid shot blasting.
Background
During the operation and service of the mechanism, components such as blades, a rotating drum, a blisk, gears and the like are under the action of the vibration force and the centrifugal force of the mechanism, and certain components are still in a long-term complex high-temperature alternating load working environment. The local stress and vibration generated by uneven stress in the mechanism operation process are the main reasons of surface crack initiation and early propagation of the components. The shot peening strengthening can effectively improve the fatigue strength of the components, thereby prolonging the service life of the whole mechanism.
In 1927, shot peening was published in work hardening of wear resistant steel by e.g. hebert, which was the earliest work on shot peening, where high hardness steel shots were used to work harden the steel surface by blasting. And thus gradually developed to pneumatic shot blasting using compressed air to drive shots. The development to the later wet shot was liquid shot blasting using glass or ceramic pellets with water as the carrier.
In the prior art, dust is easily generated in the shot blasting process, and the human health is harmed; the shot peening strengthening effect of the traditional compressed air driven shot is limited, and especially, the shot peening processing of blades and the like usually adopts small shots, so that the damage of the shot is easy to generate and the mosaic of the damaged shot is caused, and the shot peening strengthening method is not suitable for the surface processing of materials with high requirements on surface integrity, such as titanium alloy and the like; conventional wet blasting with water as a carrier does not allow the use of steel shot.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a liquid shot blasting surface strengthening processing method, aiming at solving the problems that in the prior art, dust is easily generated in the shot blasting process and harms human health, the shot blasting strengthening effect of traditional compressed air driven shots is limited, small shots are usually adopted in the shot blasting processing of blades and the like, the shots are easy to damage and cause the inlaying of the damaged shots, the traditional wet shot blasting uses water as a carrier, steel shots cannot be used, and the method is not suitable for the surface processing of materials with high requirements on surface integrity, such as titanium alloy and the like.
The specific scheme is as follows: a processing method for strengthening the surface of liquid shot blasting adopts mixed abrasive fluid with shot as a medium and transformer oil as a carrier to spray the surface of a part, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a shot blasting medium;
the shot blasting medium is mixed grinding fluid of the shot and the transformer oil, and the mixed mass ratio range of the shot to the transformer oil is as follows: 1: 3-1: 10; the hardness of the pill is more than or equal to 47HRC, and the diameter of the pill is more than or equal to 0.5 mm;
the minimum cold state operation temperature of the transformer oil is 0-40 ℃;
step two: cleaning a component to be processed;
during cleaning, cleaning the surface of the component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves, and then drying;
step three: verifying the shot blasting strength of the test piece and confirming process parameters;
carrying out test piece shot blasting test, verifying whether the shot blasting medium and the process parameters meet the requirements of shot blasting intensity, if not, adjusting the process parameters, and repeating the third step until the requirements of the shot blasting intensity are met;
step four: fixing the cleaned parts to be processed;
firstly, checking whether the components meet the shot blasting processing requirement, placing the qualified components on an available station for fixing, and checking whether the fixing is safe and effective;
step five: carrying out shot blasting;
and (5) carrying out shot blasting on the fixed components by adopting the same confirmed process parameters as the test pieces in the third step.
Step six: disassembling the processed parts;
taking out the processed parts from the station;
step seven: cleaning the processed components;
wiping the surface of the processed component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves; removing oil and residual glue attached to the surfaces of the processed parts and components;
step eight: controlling the quality;
carrying out a test piece shot blasting experiment again by using the same test piece as the test piece used in the step three, and determining whether the shot blasting intensity of the test piece meets the requirement or not; and simultaneously, visually checking to determine whether the shot blasting surface coverage rate of the part meets the requirement.
If the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting surface coverage rate meet the requirements, the shot blasting of the component is qualified, the shot blasting intensity or the shot blasting surface coverage rate is lower than the design requirements, and the process from the third step to the eighth step is repeated until the shot blasting requirements are met. And (4) the shot blasting strength is higher than the design requirement, which indicates that the shot blasting of the component is unqualified.
Preferably, the shot in the first step is made of steel.
Further, the transformer oil in the first step is transformer oil with the lowest cold state operation temperature of 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ or 40 ℃.
And further, the working temperature of the transformer oil in the first step is 10-50 ℃.
Preferably, the pellets are thoroughly mixed with the transformer oil for 2-20 minutes before step three is performed.
Further, the control process parameters of the shot blasting intensity in the third step and the eighth step comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance and mixed abrasive concentration; the control process parameters of the shot blasting angle coverage rate comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance, mixed abrasive concentration, rotary table rotating speed and spray gun speed.
And in the third step, the fifth step and the eighth step, compressed air and a shot delivery pump are used for driving the mixed grinding fluid shot blasting.
Preferably, the test strips in the third step and the eighth step are all Almen test strips, and the test strip is detected by an Almen tester.
Further, in the fourth step, the component to be processed is fixed, and before the component meeting the requirement is placed on an available station for fixing, a protective adhesive tape is used for adhering and protecting the surface of the component to be processed outside the shot blasting area.
Preferably, the shot blasting experiment is performed on the same test piece used in the step eight and the test piece used in the step three, and the interval between the shot blasting experiments on the two test pieces is 4 to 8 hours.
Further, the surface coverage of the components after liquid peening is typically visually inspected with a 5-30 magnification magnifier.
Still further, the liquid peening effect is achieved by controlling the peening intensity and surface coverage.
Furthermore, the mixed grinding fluid for driving the steel shots and the transformer oil is conveyed by the compressed air and the shots, so that the mixed grinding fluid impacts the surface of the component at a high speed, the surface of the component is subjected to elastic-plastic deformation, the surface microstructure is changed, and residual compressive stress is generated on the surface, so that the reliability and durability of the component are improved finally, and the liquid shot peening strengthening effect is achieved.
Preferably, the method uses compressed air in conjunction with a shot delivery pump to drive the liquid shot.
Furthermore, the method can be applied to shot blasting treatment of metal materials such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
Has the advantages that: the harm of dust pollution to personnel and environment is reduced; further refining the crystal grains, further improving the quality stability and reliability of the product; further improving the residual compressive stress strength of the surface of the component, further increasing the depth of the residual compressive stress layer and further improving the fatigue strength of the component; the wet friction in the implementation process of shot blasting reduces the surface damage to the shot blasting matrix, and effectively prevents the shots produced by shot crushing from being inlaid, thereby effectively improving the quality stability. The method is particularly suitable for surface processing of materials with high requirement on surface integrity, such as titanium alloy.
The working principle is as follows: the compressed air and the shot delivery pump jointly drive the mixed grinding fluid of the steel shots and the transformer oil, so that the mixed grinding fluid impacts the surface of the component at a high speed, the surface of the component is subjected to elastic-plastic deformation, the surface layer microstructure is changed, residual compressive stress is generated on the surface layer, and finally the reliability and durability of the component are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for surface peening by liquid peening according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention is explained with the attached figure 1:
the first embodiment is as follows: a processing method for strengthening the surface of liquid shot blasting adopts mixed abrasive fluid with shot as a medium and transformer oil as a carrier to spray the surface of a part, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a shot blasting medium;
the shot blasting medium is mixed grinding fluid of the shot and the transformer oil, and the mixed mass ratio range of the shot to the transformer oil is as follows: 1: 3-1: 10; the hardness of the pill is more than or equal to 47HRC, and the diameter of the pill is more than or equal to 0.5 mm;
the minimum cold state operation temperature of the transformer oil is 0-40 ℃;
step two: cleaning a component to be processed;
during cleaning, cleaning the surface of the component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves, and then drying;
step three: verifying the shot blasting strength of the test piece and confirming process parameters;
carrying out test piece shot blasting test, verifying whether the shot blasting medium and the process parameters meet the requirements of shot blasting intensity, if not, adjusting the process parameters, and repeating the third step until the requirements of the shot blasting intensity are met;
step four: fixing the cleaned parts to be processed;
firstly, checking whether the components meet the shot blasting processing requirement, placing the qualified components on an available station for fixing, and checking whether the fixing is safe and effective;
step five: carrying out shot blasting;
and (5) carrying out shot blasting on the fixed components by adopting the same confirmed process parameters as the test pieces in the third step.
Step six: disassembling the processed parts;
taking out the processed parts from the station;
step seven: cleaning the processed components;
wiping the surface of the processed component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves; removing oil and residual glue attached to the surfaces of the processed parts and components;
step eight: controlling the quality;
carrying out a test piece shot blasting experiment again by using the same test piece as the test piece used in the step three, and determining whether the shot blasting intensity of the test piece meets the requirement or not; and simultaneously, visually checking to determine whether the shot blasting surface coverage rate of the part meets the requirement.
If the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting surface coverage rate meet the requirements, the shot blasting of the component is qualified, the shot blasting intensity or the shot blasting surface coverage rate is lower than the design requirements, and the process from the third step to the eighth step is repeated until the shot blasting requirements are met. And (4) the shot blasting strength is higher than the design requirement, which indicates that the shot blasting of the component is unqualified.
The second embodiment is as follows: the shot in the step one is made of steel.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode:
the transformer oil in the first step is transformer oil with the lowest cold state operation temperature of 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ or 40 ℃.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the working temperature of the transformer oil in the first step is 10-50 ℃.
Other embodiments are the same as the third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: and fully mixing the pellets with the transformer oil for 2-20 minutes before the third step.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the control process parameters of the shot blasting intensity in the third step and the eighth step comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance and mixed abrasive concentration; the control process parameters of the shot blasting angle coverage rate comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance, mixed abrasive concentration, rotary table rotating speed and spray gun speed.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: and in the third step, the fifth step and the eighth step, compressed air and a shot delivery pump are used for driving the mixed grinding fluid shot blasting.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: and in the third step and the eighth step, Almen test pieces are adopted, and an Almen tester is adopted for detecting the test pieces.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: and in the fourth step, the component to be processed is fixed, and before the component meeting the requirement is placed on an available station for fixing, the surface outside the shot blasting area of the component to be processed is stuck and protected by using a protective adhesive tape.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: and step eight, performing shot blasting experiments on test pieces which are the same as the test pieces used in the step three, wherein the interval between the shot blasting experiments of the two test pieces is 4-8 hours.
Other embodiments are the same as the first embodiment.
In other embodiments, the surface coverage of the component parts after liquid peening is visually inspected, typically with a 5-30 magnification magnifier.
The liquid peening effect is achieved by controlling the peening intensity and the surface coverage.
The mixed grinding fluid for driving the steel shots and the transformer oil is conveyed by the compressed air and the shots, so that the mixed grinding fluid impacts the surface of the component at a high speed, the surface of the component is subjected to elastic-plastic deformation, the surface microstructure is changed, residual compressive stress is generated on the surface, the reliability and durability of the component are improved finally, and the effect of liquid shot peening strengthening is achieved.
The method uses compressed air and a shot delivery pump to jointly drive liquid shot blasting.
The method can be applied to shot blasting treatment of zero-metal materials such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
Example 1:
the embodiment is a titanium alloy blade surface strengthening method, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: before this example, the surface of the titanium alloy blade was wiped with acetone and dried. The mixed grinding fluid of the steel shot and the transformer oil is fully mixed for 2-20 minutes before the embodiment.
Step 2: and clamping the blades on a working rotary table, and performing liquid shot blasting treatment.
And step 3: the shot peening requirements of the present embodiment are: the shot blasting strength is 0.25N-0.35 Nmm, and the surface coverage rate is more than or equal to 100 percent.
And 4, step 4: after the requirement of post shot blasting is met, the titanium alloy blade is taken out and cleaned.
And 5: after the embodiment, the titanium alloy blades such as TC11, TC8, TC4 and the like meet the surface residual compressive stress value of-350 MPa to-650 MPa, and the depth of the residual stress layer is more than or equal to 0.12 mm.
Example 2:
the embodiment is a method for strengthening the surface of a martensitic stainless steel blade, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: before this example, the surface of the martensitic stainless steel blade was wiped with alcohol and dried. The mixed grinding fluid of the steel shot and the transformer oil is fully mixed for 2-20 minutes before the embodiment.
Step 2: and clamping the blades on a working rotary table, and performing liquid shot blasting treatment.
And step 3: the shot peening requirements of the present embodiment are: the shot blasting strength is 0.26N-0.34 Nmm, and the surface coverage rate is more than or equal to 100 percent.
And 4, step 4: after the requirement of the post shot blasting is met, the martensitic stainless steel blade is taken out and cleaned.
And 5: after the embodiment, the martensitic stainless steel blade meets the requirement that the surface residual compressive stress value is-550 MPa to-850 MPa, and the depth of the residual stress layer is more than or equal to 0.1 mm.
Claims (10)
1. A processing method for strengthening the surface of liquid shot blasting is characterized in that: the method adopts mixed grinding fluid with a bullet as a medium and transformer oil as a carrier to spray the surface of a part, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a shot blasting medium;
the shot blasting medium is mixed grinding fluid of the shot and the transformer oil, and the mixed mass ratio range of the shot to the transformer oil is as follows: 1: 3-1: 10; the hardness of the pill is more than or equal to 47HRC, and the diameter of the pill is more than or equal to 0.5 mm;
the minimum cold state operation temperature of the transformer oil is 0-40 ℃;
step two: cleaning a component to be processed;
during cleaning, cleaning the surface of the component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves, and then drying;
step three: verifying the shot blasting strength of the test piece and confirming process parameters;
carrying out test piece shot blasting test, verifying whether the shot blasting medium and the process parameters meet the requirements of shot blasting intensity, if not, adjusting the process parameters, and repeating the third step until the requirements of the shot blasting intensity are met;
step four: fixing the cleaned parts to be processed;
firstly, checking whether the components meet the shot blasting processing requirement, placing the qualified components on an available station for fixing, and checking whether the fixing is safe and effective;
step five: carrying out shot blasting;
and (5) carrying out shot blasting on the fixed components by adopting the same confirmed process parameters as the test pieces in the third step.
Step six: disassembling the processed parts;
taking out the processed parts from the station;
step seven: cleaning the processed components;
wiping the surface of the processed component by using a cleaning solution or cleaning by using ultrasonic waves; removing oil and residual glue attached to the surfaces of the processed parts and components;
step eight: controlling the quality;
carrying out a test piece shot blasting experiment again by using the same test piece as the test piece used in the step three, and determining whether the shot blasting intensity of the test piece meets the requirement or not; and simultaneously, visually checking to determine whether the shot blasting surface coverage rate of the part meets the requirement.
If the shot blasting intensity and the shot blasting surface coverage rate meet the requirements, the shot blasting of the component is qualified, the shot blasting intensity or the shot blasting surface coverage rate is lower than the design requirements, and the process from the third step to the eighth step is repeated until the shot blasting requirements are met. And (4) the shot blasting strength is higher than the design requirement, which indicates that the shot blasting of the component is unqualified.
2. The method of processing liquid peening according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the shot in the step one is made of steel.
3. The method of processing liquid peening according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the transformer oil in the first step is transformer oil with the lowest cold state operation temperature of 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ or 40 ℃.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the surface-peening is performed by: the method is characterized in that: the working temperature of the transformer oil in the first step is 10-50 ℃.
5. The method of processing liquid peening according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: and fully mixing the pellets with the transformer oil for 2-20 minutes before the third step.
6. The method of processing liquid peening according to claim 1, wherein: the method is characterized in that: the control process parameters of the shot blasting intensity in the third step and the eighth step comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance and mixed abrasive concentration; the control process parameters of the shot blasting angle coverage rate comprise shot blasting pressure, shot blasting angle, shot blasting distance, mixed abrasive concentration, rotary table rotating speed and spray gun speed.
7. The liquid peening method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the third step, the fifth step and the eighth step, compressed air and a shot delivery pump are used for driving the mixed grinding fluid shot blasting.
8. The liquid peening method according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step and the eighth step, Almen test pieces are adopted, and Almen is adopted for detecting the test piecesMeasuringAnd (5) detecting by using a tester.
9. The liquid peening method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the fourth step, the component to be processed is fixed, and before the component meeting the requirement is placed on an available station for fixing, the surface outside the shot blasting area of the component to be processed is stuck and protected by using a protective adhesive tape.
10. The liquid peening method according to claim 1, wherein: and step eight, performing shot blasting experiments on test pieces which are the same as the test pieces used in the step three, wherein the interval between the shot blasting experiments of the two test pieces is 4-8 hours.
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| CN201911371799.4A CN111002229A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Processing method for strengthening surface of liquid shot blasting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112643554A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 中船重工龙江广瀚燃气轮机有限公司 | Blade liquid shot blasting control method |
| CN112692734A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 中船重工龙江广瀚燃气轮机有限公司 | Rear journal shot blasting method for gas turbine |
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| JPH04315578A (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1992-11-06 | Sintokogio Ltd | Test piece and method to measure strength of shot blast |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112643554A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 中船重工龙江广瀚燃气轮机有限公司 | Blade liquid shot blasting control method |
| CN112692734A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 中船重工龙江广瀚燃气轮机有限公司 | Rear journal shot blasting method for gas turbine |
| CN112692734B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-01 | 中船重工龙江广瀚燃气轮机有限公司 | Rear journal shot blasting method for gas turbine |
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