CN111000060A

CN111000060A - Application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive

Info

Publication number: CN111000060A
Application number: CN201911303749.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨彩梅; 张冰; 李庆; 张皓然; 俞洋
Original assignee: Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
Current assignee: Zhejiang A&F University ZAFU
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-17
Also published as: CN111000060B

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of rhamnolipid in a broiler feed additive, wherein the rhamnolipid and feed are 100-5000mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed in mass ratio. According to the invention, the rhamnolipid additive is added into the broiler feed, so that the intestinal absorption function of broilers is improved, and the weight and daily gain of the broilers are improved; the content of volatile fatty acid in the intestinal tract is increased, the balance of intestinal microorganisms is facilitated, the occurrence of intestinal inflammation in a stress state can be reduced, the intestinal function is protected, the immunity of an organism is improved, and the application of antibiotics in the feed is reduced; the rhamnolipid is safe and nontoxic when being taken orally, and is a safe and green antibiotic substitute; the feed containing the broiler feed additive has a remarkable repairing effect on intestinal inflammation injury when fed.

Description

Application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field, and particularly relates to an application of rhamnolipid in a broiler feed additive.

Background

Antibiotics are added into livestock and poultry feed, which can play a role in preventing diseases and promoting growth of animals to a certain extent, but pathogenic bacteria can generate drug resistance when the livestock and poultry feed is excessively used, so that the antibiotics are not used in the feed comprehensively from 2020 by the Ministry of agriculture in China. After antibiotics are forbidden, how to ensure the health of animals and improve the digestibility of nutrient substances becomes an important problem. Particularly, in the broiler breeding process, due to poor breeding environment, high-density intensive breeding mode and other reasons, immune stress is easily caused, broiler diseases are caused, the production performance is reduced, the immune stress is relieved under the condition that antibiotics are forbidden, and the intestinal health of broilers is ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an application of rhamnolipid for improving intestinal absorption function in a broiler feed additive in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an application of rhamnolipid in a broiler feed additive, wherein the rhamnolipid and the feed are 100-5000mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed in terms of mass ratio.

The rhamnolipid additive is added into the broiler feed, so that the intestinal absorption function of broilers is improved, the weight and daily gain of the broilers are increased, the content of volatile fatty acid in intestinal tracts is increased, the balance of intestinal microorganisms is facilitated, the occurrence of intestinal inflammation in a stress state can be reduced, the intestinal function is protected, the immunity of organisms is improved, the application of antibiotics in the feed is reduced, and the rhamnolipid is safe and nontoxic when being orally taken and is a safe and green antibiotic substitute.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the rhamnolipid to the feed is 500-1500mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed; the feed containing 500-1500mg/kg rhamnolipid can obviously improve the growth performance of the broiler chickens, improve the immunity of the broiler chickens, enhance the resistance of the broiler chickens to intestinal inflammation injury and have a good inhibition effect on intestinal pathogenic microorganisms.

Preferably, the rhamnolipid and the feed are in a mass ratio of 1000mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed; the rhamnolipid 1000mg/kg feed has the best effect of improving the growth performance and immunity of broiler chickens.

Preferably, the rhamnolipid is in the form of a dark brown viscous paste.

Preferably, silica is adopted to adsorb rhamnolipid in a dark brown viscous paste form to form uniformly dispersed powdery solid; the pasty rhamnolipid is mixed into powder by adopting silicon dioxide, and the powder can be uniformly mixed with feed after being added into the feed, so that the rhamnolipid can be eaten by broilers, and meanwhile, the silicon dioxide is used as a raw material and can promote intestinal peristalsis to accelerate digestion of food in intestinal tracts and promote the intestinal tracts to absorb food.

Preferably, the ratio of the silicon dioxide to the rhamnolipid is 1-3: 1-2.

Preferably, the feed comprises 45-65% of corn, 30-46% of soybean meal, 0.5-1.8% of phosphorus, 0.3-1.5% of stone powder, 0.1-0.5% of salt and 1.0-5.0% of oil by weight percentage.

Preferably, the silicon dioxide and the rhamnolipid are firstly mixed together by mixing equipment; the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed together through a mixing device, so that the rhamnolipid is uniformly adhered to the silicon dioxide; then catalyzing the rhamnolipid to be adsorbed together by the silicon dioxide through a subsequent process.

Preferably, the blending equipment comprises a tank body, a spraying device for spraying rhamnolipid from top to bottom, a spraying device for spraying silicon dioxide from bottom to top so as to be in opposite impact with the rhamnolipid, and a stirring device arranged at the lower part of the tank body, wherein the spraying device is positioned at the upper part of the tank body, and the spraying device is positioned at the middle part of the tank body; by relatively flushing the silica and the rhamnose lipids, it is achieved that a uniform mixing together between the rhamnolipid and the silica is achieved.

Preferably, the spraying device comprises a liquid containing piece connected with the tank body, a liquid outlet pipe connected with the liquid containing piece, a spray head piece connected with the liquid outlet pipe, and a pressurizing piece in sealing fit with the liquid containing piece, and the pressurizing piece is arranged above the liquid containing piece.

In conclusion, the rhamnolipid additive is added into the broiler feed, so that the effects of the rhamnolipid additive are as follows

1. Improving intestinal absorption function of the broiler chickens, and improving the weight and daily gain of the broiler chickens;

2. the content of volatile fatty acid in the intestinal tract is increased, the balance of intestinal microorganisms is facilitated, the occurrence of intestinal inflammation in a stress state can be reduced, the intestinal function is protected, the immunity of an organism is improved, and the application of antibiotics in the feed is reduced;

3. the rhamnolipid is safe and nontoxic when being taken orally, and is a safe and green antibiotic substitute;

4. the feed containing the broiler feed additive has a remarkable repairing effect on intestinal inflammation injury when fed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the effect of rhamnolipid feeding on immune function of broiler chickens in stress state.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mixing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the blending apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a blending device according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle part of the mixing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a scattering net of the blending equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a blending apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a part of a blending apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.

Example one

An application of rhamnolipid in feed additive for broiler chicken comprises rhamnolipid. The dosage of the rhamnolipid in the feed is 500mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed in terms of mass ratio.

55% of corn, 38% of soybean meal, 1.4% of phosphorus, 1.0% of stone powder, 0.3% of salt and 3.0% of oil.

The rhamnolipid is in a dark brown viscous paste shape, and is uniformly mixed with silicon dioxide by adopting a uniformly mixing device, so that the silicon dioxide is adsorbed to form uniformly dispersed powdery solid, and the ratio of the silicon dioxide to the rhamnolipid is 1.5: 1.8.

Example two

A broiler feed additive comprises rhamnolipid. The dosage of the rhamnolipid in the feed is 1000mg/kg of rhamnolipid in terms of mass ratio.

1. Influence of rhamnolipid on broiler chicken production performance and volatile fatty acid

840 yellow-feathered broilers of 1 day age are selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, negative control group (NCO) is used for feeding non-resistant basic ration, positive control group (ANT) is used for feeding basic ration plus antibiotics of 200mg/kg, experiment 1 group (RLS1) is used for feeding basic ration plus rhamnolipid of 500mg/kg, and experiment 2 group (RLS2) is used for feeding basic ration plus rhamnolipid of 1000 mg/kg. Each group had 6 replicates, and each replicate had 35 chickens. The experimental period is 56 days. The effect of rhamnolipids on broiler productivity is shown in table 1. The result shows that the average final weight and the average daily weight gain of the broilers in the experiment 2 group (RLS2) are obviously higher than those of the control group, and the result shows that the growth performance of the broilers can be obviously improved by feeding 1000mg/kg of rhamnolipid.

8 chickens were slaughtered per group at the age of 56 days, the caecum content was subjected to volatile fatty acid determination, and the effect of rhamnolipid feeding on the volatile fatty acids in the caecum content is shown in table 2. The results show that: compared with a negative control group (NCO), the experiment 1 group (RLS1) and the experiment 2 group (RLS2) can obviously improve the content of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, n-valeric acid and isovaleric acid; the results show that the rhamnolipid can increase the content of volatile fatty acid in the intestinal tract, improve the digestibility of nutrient substances and is beneficial to the balance of intestinal microorganisms.

2. Influence of rhamnolipid on broiler volatile fatty acid and immune function under condition of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection

Selecting 48 healthy broilers, randomly dividing into 3 groups (16 per group), namely a negative control group (NCO), a positive control group (ANT) and an experimental group (1000mg/kg rhamnolipid), wherein each group is divided into two treatment groups, treatment 1 is physiological saline injection, treatment 2 is LPS injection, LPS is intraperitoneal injection according to 500 micrograms of LPS per kilogram of body weight, and the physiological saline treatment chicken is injected with the same amount of physiological saline as the LPS. The injection is performed 3 times, each time is separated by 1 day, all chickens are slaughtered after the last injection for 3 hours, the caecum content is collected, and the influence of the rhamnolipid fed to the broilers under the LPS infection condition on the volatile fatty acid in the caecum content is shown in the table 3. When LPS is infected, the content of volatile fatty acid in the caecum content of the experimental group shows a trend higher than that of a negative control group (NCO), which shows that the addition of rhamnolipid in the feed can relieve the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by stress, maintain the relative balance of the intestinal flora and reduce the occurrence of intestinal inflammation under the stress state.

Selecting 48 healthy broilers, randomly dividing into 3 groups (16 per group), namely a negative control group (NCO), a positive control group (ANT) and an experimental group (1000mg/kg rhamnolipid), wherein each group is divided into two treatment groups, treatment 1 is physiological saline injection, treatment 2 is LPS injection, LPS is intraperitoneal injection according to 500 micrograms of LPS per kilogram of body weight, and the physiological saline treatment chicken is injected with the same amount of physiological saline as the LPS. Injecting for 3 times, each time with 1 day interval, collecting blood for all chickens after 3 hours of the last injection, centrifuging, and collecting serum. Under the treatment of physiological saline, IgA and IgM in an experimental group are obviously higher than those of a negative control group (NCO), and under the two treatments, immunoglobulin in blood of the experimental group has a tendency higher than that of the negative control group (NCO), and the result shows that the reduction of the immune function caused by stress can be relieved by adding 1000mg/kg of rhamnolipid in the feed, so that the immune capacity of an organism is improved to a certain extent.

TABLE 1 influence of rhamnolipid addition to daily ration on broiler productivity

TABLE 2 Effect of daily ration addition of rhamnolipid on volatile fatty acids in cecum content

TABLE 3 influence of rhamnolipid addition to diets on volatile fatty acids in LPS-infected broiler cecal contents

As shown in fig. 2-10, the blending apparatus includes a tank body 1, a spraying device and a stirring device, wherein the tank body is a metal box, the spraying device is used for spraying rhamnolipid from top to bottom, the spraying device is used for spraying silica from bottom to top, at this time, a hedging effect is formed between the silica and the rhamnolipid, specifically, the spraying device includes a liquid containing part 21, a liquid outlet pipe 22, a plurality of annular spray head parts 23 arranged at equal intervals and a pressurizing part 24, wherein the liquid containing part 21 is a cylindrical metal bucket, the rhamnolipid is contained in the liquid containing part 21, the liquid outlet pipe 22 is a rubber pipe, a plastic pipe or a metal pipe, one end of the liquid outlet pipe 22 is communicated with the lower part of the liquid containing part 21, and the rhamnolipid can enter the liquid outlet pipe 22.

The spray head part 23 is configured to divide rhamnolipid in the outlet pipe 22 into droplet-shaped rhamnolipid, specifically, the spray head part 23 includes a spray pipe 231, a spray head 232, and a scattering net 233, where the spray pipe 231 is a metal pipe, one end of the spray pipe 231 is hermetically connected to the outlet pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the spray head 232, where the spray head 232 is flat in shape, and a rear end of the spray head 232 is screwed to a front end of the spray pipe 231; the scattering net 233 comprises a net body 251 with a first through hole 252 and a second net body 253 with a second through hole 254, wherein a distance is formed between the first net body 251 and the second net body 253, the distance is 0.5-1.0cm, and the aperture of the first through hole 252 is larger than that of the second through hole 253.

When the rhamnolipid is under pressure, the rhamnolipid enters the spray pipe 231, is primarily scattered through the first net body 251, is secondarily scattered through the second net body 253, and is finally sprayed out from the front end of the nozzle; the gathered rhamnolipid can be cut into droplet shape by the two times of scattering of the first net body 251 and the second net body 253, at the moment, the droplet-shaped rhamnolipid still has larger impact force, the impact force enables the rhamnolipid to continuously move at high speed to impact the second net body 253, the pasty rhamnolipid is further divided into smaller particles, therefore, the contact area between the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide is large, therefore, the mixing uniformity between the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide is high, and as the rhamnolipid is pasty and the silicon dioxide is particles, when the rhamnolipid is divided into very small particles, the force when the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide impact each other is large when the rhamnolipid moves downwards, therefore, part of the silicon dioxide can impact the rhamnolipid, and as the volume of the rhamnolipid is small, the silicon dioxide can penetrate through the rhamnolipid, when the silicon dioxide takes away part of the rhamnolipid, the part of the rhamnolipid is separated so that the volume of rhamnolipid particles becomes smaller, and the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide are uniformly mixed.

Further, the pressurizing member 24 includes a pressurizing plug 241, a connecting rod 242 connected to the pressurizing plug 241, a check member 243 disposed at a lower portion of the pressurizing plug 241, a driving cylinder 244 for pushing the pressurizing plug 241 to move downward, and an air-adding pipe 245, wherein the pressurizing plug 241 is a metal plug recessed from bottom to top, a cross section of the pressurizing plug 241 is arched, a sleeve body 246 is sleeved on the pressurizing plug 241, the sleeve body 246 is a rubber sleeve, a scraping ring 247 with an inclined cross section is connected to a side wall of the sleeve body 246, the scraping ring 247 is bonded to the sleeve body 246, and the scraping ring 247 abuts against an inner wall of the liquid containing member 21; the check member 243 is screwed on the pressurizing plug 241, the check member 243 is a vertical check valve currently on the market, the connecting rod 242 is a metal pipe, the piston shaft of the driving cylinder 244 is connected with the upper part of the connecting rod 242, so that the driving cylinder 244 pushes the connecting rod 242 to move downwards, thereby driving the pressurizing plug 241 to move downwards, and the space between the pressurizing plug 241 and the upper end surface of rhamnolipid is reduced; and original air pressure in the interior can push rhamnolipid to move for a certain distance in the hydraulic pipe; the air adding pipe 245 is a pipeline connected with an air pump, the air adding pipe 245 is communicated with the connecting rod 242, air is transmitted to the connecting rod 242, at the moment, the air is sent into the liquid containing part 21 through the check part, and then the rhamnolipid in the liquid containing part 21 is pressurized.

Specifically, the pressurizing plug 241 moves downwards for a certain distance, so that the gas in the liquid containing part 21 is compressed to the lowest high pressure effect, at the moment, the rhamnolipid moves forwards for a certain distance to the front end of the first net body 251, and the gas continuously presses down the rhamnolipid all the time, the rhamnolipid has the tendency of moving forwards, after the gas is filled in the connecting rod 242, the gas impacts the check member 243, so that the check member 243 is opened, the gas enters between the pressurizing plug 241 and the rhamnolipid, the rhamnolipid is pressurized instantly and pushed out, and the rhamnolipid is sprayed out to be in contact with silicon dioxide, so that the rhamnolipid can be separated instantly, and the rhamnolipid cannot remain on the first net body and the second net body; and the rhamnolipid on the inner wall of the liquid containing part is scraped by adopting a mode that the scraping ring moves downwards, so that the sealing property of the liquid containing part is ensured, and the rhamnolipid cannot remain on the inner wall of the liquid containing part.

Further, the spraying device comprises a powder spraying pipe 31 which is obliquely arranged from top to bottom, a powder feeding pipe 33 and an air feeding pipe 32 which are connected with the powder spraying pipe 31, wherein the powder spraying pipe 31 is obliquely arranged in the tank body 1 from top to bottom; the powder spraying pipe 32 is communicated with a powder feeding pipe 33, and the air feeding pipe 32 is communicated with the powder feeding pipe 33; a flow limiting pipe 11 is arranged in the middle of the tank body 1, the flow limiting pipe 11 is a metal pipe with a large diameter, the end part of the powder spraying pipe 31 is just exposed out of the inner wall of the flow limiting pipe 11, and the end part of the spray head is just exposed out of the flow limiting pipe; the distance between the spray head and the end part of the powder spraying pipe is 60 cm; a spiral groove 110 is arranged on the inner wall of the current limiting pipe, the lower end part of the spiral groove is higher than the end part 5 of the powder spraying pipe, and the upper end part of the spiral groove is lower than the position of the spray head by 10 cm; meanwhile, the lower part of the tank body 1 is hinged with a cover 12, and the stirring device at the lower part of the tank body 1 can be observed after the cover 12 is opened.

Specifically, the flow limiting pipe 11 can limit the ejected rhamnolipid and the ejected silicon dioxide powder, and reduce the overall volume of the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide powder, so that the density of rhamnolipid mist formed is high, and similarly, the silicon dioxide powder is gathered together, the density of the silicon dioxide powder is also high, and the probability of contact between the high-density rhamnolipid powder and the high-density silicon dioxide powder is high; meanwhile, a spiral groove is formed on the inner wall of the flow limiting pipe, the sprayed silicon dioxide powder can move upwards in a spiral shape, and the moving path is long, so that the probability of contact between the silicon dioxide powder and the silicon dioxide powder is increased, and the mixing efficiency between the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide is further improved; and because the upper end of the spiral groove is spaced from the spray head by ten centimeters, when the silicon dioxide powder moves to the uppermost position of the groove, the upward movement speed of the silicon dioxide powder is instantly reduced, so that a large amount of silicon dioxide powder temporarily stays below the spray head, and when the sprayed rhamnolipid falls down, the rhamnolipid is rapidly contacted with silicon dioxide, and the mixing effect of the rhamnolipid and the silicon dioxide is good.

Simultaneously the upper portion hinge of jar body 1 has a cover 10, cover 10 is the metal lid be connected with six elastic component 100 on the cover 10, elastic component 100 is the spring, the lower extreme of elastic component 100 is connected with and is used for blockking up the open-ended closure 101 of above-mentioned flow-limiting pipe 11 upper end, the cross-section of closure 101 is C shape structure. By forming the cross-section of the plug 101 in a C-shape, after a part of silica is in contact with the lower end surface of the plug 101, it is easily slid downward to be gathered together, and further, the silica falls downward, and the plug 101 is firmly pressed against the upper end of the shunt tube 11 by the pressure of the elastic member 100, so that the sealing performance is high.

Further, the stirring device is located at the lower part of the tank body 1, the stirring device comprises a cylindrical stirring part and a motor 42 for driving the stirring part to rotate, the stirring part comprises a transversely placed stirring cylinder 411 and a stirring paddle 412 connected with the stirring cylinder 411, the stirring cylinder 411 is formed by connecting a plurality of metal rods and two circular rings, the stirring paddle 412 is a metal steel wire, and one end of the stirring paddle 412 is welded on the stirring cylinder 411; the motor drives the stirring cylinder 411 to rotate, so that the stirring paddle 412 can beat the mixture of silicon dioxide and rhamnolipid, and further smashes the rhamnolipid partially bonded with a plurality of silicon dioxide, large-particle rhamnolipid is crushed into small particles, the surface of the crushed rhamnolipid is exposed, and other silicon dioxide can be adhered to the rhamnolipid.

It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of rhamnolipid in a broiler feed additive is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the rhamnolipid to the feed is 100-5000mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed.

2. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the rhamnolipid to the feed is 500-1500mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed.

3. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rhamnolipid and the feed are 1000mg of rhamnolipid/kg of feed according to the mass ratio.

4. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rhamnolipid is in the form of a dark brown viscous paste.

5. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: silica is adopted to adsorb rhamnolipid in a dark brown viscous paste form to form uniformly dispersed powdery solid.

6. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ratio of the silicon dioxide to the rhamnolipid is 1-3: 1-2.

7. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feed comprises, by weight, 45-65% of corn, 30-46% of soybean meal, 0.5-1.8% of phosphorus, 0.3-1.5% of stone powder, 0.1-0.5% of salt and 1.0-5.0% of oil.

8. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 5, characterized in that: the silicon dioxide and the rhamnolipid are firstly mixed together by mixing equipment.

9. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 8, characterized in that: mixing equipment is including a jar body (1), be used for spraying rhamnolipid spray set from top to bottom, be used for by lower supreme spray silica with the spray set of rhamnolipid offset and locate the agitating unit of jar body lower part, spray set is located jar body (1) upper portion, spray set is located jar body (1) middle part.

10. The application of rhamnolipid in broiler feed additive according to claim 9, characterized in that: the spraying device comprises a liquid containing piece (21) connected with the tank body (1), a liquid outlet pipe (22) connected with the liquid containing piece (21), a spraying head piece (23) connected with the liquid outlet pipe (22) and a pressurizing piece (24) in sealing fit with the liquid containing piece (21), wherein the pressurizing piece (24) is arranged above the liquid containing piece (21).