CN110994585B - Power supply system - Google Patents
Power supply system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110994585B CN110994585B CN201911410837.2A CN201911410837A CN110994585B CN 110994585 B CN110994585 B CN 110994585B CN 201911410837 A CN201911410837 A CN 201911410837A CN 110994585 B CN110994585 B CN 110994585B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- current
- resistor
- power supply
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
Abstract
The present invention provides a power supply system, including: the device comprises a collecting unit, a judging unit and an output unit; the acquisition units are respectively connected between the at least two power supplies and the judgment unit; the output unit is connected between the judging unit and the load; the acquisition unit is connected with the output unit; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring partial input currents of at least two power supplies and equalizing the partial input currents of the at least two power supplies to obtain an average current signal; the judging unit compares the current of each power supply with the average current signal and outputs corresponding current according to the comparison result; and the output unit is used for adjusting the current between the acquisition unit and the load according to the current output by the judgment unit and outputting the current of each power supply with the same current value. Therefore, when the power supply system of the invention performs current sharing on a plurality of power supplies, a power supply module used in the prior art and connected between the power supply and the power supply system is not needed any more, and the power supply system can be directly connected to different power supplies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to a power supply system.
Background
At present, a power supply system in the prior art needs to be matched with a specific power module to realize current-sharing regulation of a plurality of power supplies. Therefore, the conventional power supply system has poor versatility. In addition, the existing power supply system needs to be additionally connected with a redundancy module to realize the redundancy function, so that the structure of the whole power supply system is more complex, and the later maintenance is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply system, which has redundancy and current sharing functions, and can be directly adapted to all power supplies without being collocated with a specific power module.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply system, including:
the device comprises a collecting unit, a judging unit and an output unit; the acquisition units are respectively connected between at least two power supplies and the judgment unit; the output unit is connected between the judging unit and the load; the acquisition unit is connected with the output unit;
the acquisition unit is used for converting the input current of each power supply into current with a preset proportion and converting the input current of each power supply into current with a preset proportion for current equalization to obtain an average current signal;
the judging unit is used for comparing the current of each power supply with the average current signal and outputting corresponding current according to the comparison result;
and the output unit is used for adjusting the current between the acquisition unit and the load according to the current output by the judgment unit and finally outputting the current of each power supply with the same current value.
Optionally, the collecting unit includes:
the number of the current detection units and the average current signal output units is the same as that of the power supplies;
each current detection unit is connected between a power supply corresponding to the current detection unit and the average current signal output unit, and each current detection unit is connected to the output unit; each current detection unit corresponds to only one power supply and is used for converting the input current of the power supply corresponding to the current detection unit into the current with the preset proportion;
the average current signal output unit is used for equalizing the current obtained by each current detection unit to obtain an average current signal.
Optionally, each of the current detecting units includes:
a voltage drop resistor and a current sampling chip;
one end of the voltage-drop resistor is connected to the power supply and the current sampling chip respectively, and the other end of the voltage-drop resistor is connected to the output unit and the current sampling chip;
the current sampling chip is used for amplifying the voltage drop generated by the voltage dropping resistor according to a preset proportion so as to obtain the input current of the power supply which is converted into the preset proportion.
Optionally, if the power supply system is connected to only two power supplies, the average current signal output unit includes:
the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first operational amplifier chip;
the first resistor is connected between a first current detection unit corresponding to a first power supply and a first input end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the second resistor is connected between a second current detection unit corresponding to a second power supply and the first input end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the third resistor is connected between the second input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the output end of the first operational amplifier chip is connected to the judging unit and is used for equalizing two currents output by the first current detecting unit and the second current detecting unit according to the preset proportion to obtain an average current signal.
Optionally, the determining unit includes:
the number of the amplification and amplitude limiting units is the same as that of the power supplies;
the first input end of each amplification amplitude limiting unit is connected between the current detection unit corresponding to the first input end and the average current signal output unit; the second input end of each amplification and amplitude limiting unit is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the output end of each amplification amplitude limiting unit is connected with the output unit;
each amplification amplitude limiting unit is used for comparing the output current of the current detection unit corresponding to the amplification amplitude limiting unit with the output current of the average current signal output unit and outputting the corresponding current according to the comparison result.
Optionally, each of the amplification and clipping units includes:
the differential amplifying operational amplifier comprises a differential amplifying operational amplifier chip, a first proportional resistor, a second proportional resistor, a third proportional resistor, a fourth proportional resistor, a first output resistor and a voltage reference chip;
one end of the first proportional resistor is used as a first input end of the amplification amplitude limiting unit and is connected between the current detection unit and the average current signal output unit, and the other end of the first proportional resistor and the connection point of the second proportional resistor with one end grounded are connected to the first input end of the difference amplification operational amplifier chip;
one end of the third proportional resistor is used as a second input end of the amplification amplitude limiting unit and is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the other end of the third proportional resistor is connected to the second input end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip and one end of the fourth proportional resistor respectively;
the other end of the fourth proportional resistor is connected with the output end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip and one end of the first output resistor;
the voltage reference chip is connected between the other end of the first output resistor and the output unit, and the voltage reference chip is grounded;
the difference value amplification chip is used for comparing the acquired current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip with the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip, and when the current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip is larger than the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip, the difference value amplification chip amplifies the difference value of the current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip and the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip according to a preset proportion; when the current of the power supply corresponding to the power supply is smaller than or equal to the average current signal corresponding to the power supply, the output voltage is 0;
and the voltage reference chip is used for limiting the voltage output by the difference value amplification operational amplifier chip within a preset voltage range.
Optionally, the output unit includes:
the number of the switching tubes is the same as that of the power supplies, the number of the differential pressure control units is the same as that of the power supplies, and the number of the switching tubes is the same as that of the power supplies; one switching tube corresponds to one pressure difference control unit and one driving unit of the switching tube;
each difference control unit is connected between the switching tube corresponding to the difference control unit and the amplification and amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the difference control unit;
each switch tube is connected between the corresponding acquisition unit and the load; each switch tube is connected with the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the switch tube;
each differential pressure control unit is used for adjusting the differential pressure of a drain electrode and a source electrode in the corresponding switch tube to be maintained at a preset differential pressure;
and the driving unit of each switching tube is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube according to the voltage difference between the drain electrode and the source electrode of the switching tube corresponding to the driving unit.
Optionally, each of the differential pressure control units includes:
the voltage-difference operational amplifier comprises a first voltage-difference proportional resistor, a second voltage-difference proportional resistor, a third voltage-difference proportional resistor, a fourth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a fifth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a sixth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a seventh voltage-difference proportional resistor, an eighth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a voltage-difference operational amplifier chip, a bias power supply, a second output resistor, a negative feedback integral capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing diode and a backflow-preventing diode;
one end of the first differential pressure proportional resistor is connected between the second differential pressure proportional resistor and the third differential pressure proportional resistor; the other end of the first voltage difference proportional resistor is connected to the bias power supply; the connection point of the bias power supply and the third voltage difference proportional resistor is grounded;
the connection point of the first ends of the second differential pressure proportional resistor and the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the first input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip, and the second end of the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the second output resistor is connected between the output end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip and the voltage stabilizing diode; the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a connecting branch of the negative feedback integrating capacitor, the second input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip is connected with the first end of the anti-backflow diode, and the second end of the anti-backflow diode is connected with the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the connection point of the first end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor and the first end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected with the negative feedback integral capacitor; a second end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh differential pressure proportional resistor and one end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor; the other end of the seventh voltage difference proportional resistor is grounded; the other end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor is used as the input end of the differential pressure control unit and is connected with the amplification amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the differential pressure control unit; the second end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the differential pressure operational amplifier chip is used for adjusting the differential pressure of a drain electrode and a source electrode in a switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit to be maintained at a preset differential pressure according to the voltage of the bias power supply and the voltage output by the amplification amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the differential pressure control unit.
As can be seen from the above aspect, the present invention provides a power supply system, including: the device comprises a collecting unit, a judging unit and an output unit; the acquisition units are respectively connected between at least two power supplies and the judgment unit; the output unit is connected between the judging unit and the load; the acquisition unit is connected with the output unit; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring partial input currents of the at least two power supplies and equalizing the partial input currents of the at least two power supplies to obtain an average current signal; the judging unit is used for comparing the current of each power supply with the average current signal and outputting corresponding current according to the comparison result; and the output unit is used for adjusting the current between the acquisition unit and the load according to the current output by the judgment unit and finally outputting the current of each power supply with the same current value. Therefore, when the power supply system of the invention performs current sharing on a plurality of power supplies, a power supply module used in the prior art and connected between the power supply and the power supply system is not needed, and the power supply system can be directly connected to different power supplies, thereby achieving the purpose of directly adapting to all power supplies.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current regulation waveform of a power supply system during current regulation according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application discloses a power supply system, including:
an acquisition unit 10, a judgment unit 20 and an output unit 30.
Wherein, the collecting unit 10 is respectively connected between at least two power supplies and the judging unit 20; an output unit 30 connected between the judging unit 20 and the load; and the acquisition unit 10 is connected with the output unit 30.
It should be noted that, the acquisition unit 10 is configured to convert the input current of each power supply into a current with a preset proportion, and convert the input current of each power supply into a current with a preset proportion for current sharing to obtain an average current signal; a judging unit 20, configured to compare the current of each power supply with the average current signal, and output a corresponding current according to a comparison result; and the output unit 30 is configured to adjust the current between the collecting unit 10 and the load according to the current output by the judging unit 20, and finally output the current of each power supply with the same current value.
As can be seen from the above aspect, the present invention provides a power supply system, including: the device comprises a collecting unit 10, a judging unit 20 and an output unit 30; the acquisition unit 10 is respectively connected between at least two power supplies and the judgment unit 20; an output unit 30 connected between the judging unit 20 and the load; the acquisition unit 10 is connected with the output unit 30; the acquisition unit 10 is used for acquiring partial input currents of the at least two power supplies and equalizing the partial input currents of the at least two power supplies to obtain an average current signal; a judging unit 20, configured to compare the current of each power supply with the average current signal, and output a corresponding current according to a comparison result; and the output unit 30 is configured to adjust the current between the collecting unit 10 and the load according to the current output by the judging unit 20, and finally output the current of each power supply with the same current value. Therefore, when the power supply system of the invention performs current sharing on a plurality of power supplies, a power supply module used in the prior art and connected between the power supply and the power supply system is not needed, and the power supply system can be directly connected to different power supplies, thereby achieving the purpose of directly adapting to all power supplies.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, an implementation manner of the acquisition unit 10, as shown in fig. 2, specifically includes:
a current detection unit 11 and an average current signal output unit 12.
The number of the current detection units 11 is the same as the number of external power supplies required by the power supply system, and the average current signal output unit 12 can be selected according to the number of external power supplies required by the power supply system.
Specifically, each current detection unit 11 is connected between the power supply corresponding to itself and the average current signal output unit 12, and each current detection unit 11 is connected to the output unit 30.
It should be noted that each current detection unit 11 corresponds to only one power supply, and is configured to convert an input current of the power supply corresponding to itself into a current with a preset proportion; and the average current signal output unit 12 is configured to equalize the currents obtained by each current detection unit 11 to obtain an average current signal.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, an implementation manner of the determining unit 20 specifically includes: and an amplification and amplitude limiting unit.
The number of the amplification and amplitude limiting units is required to be the same as the number of external power supplies required by a power supply system.
Specifically, a first input end of each amplification and amplitude limiting unit is connected between the current detection unit 11 and the average current signal output unit 12 corresponding to the first input end of each amplification and amplitude limiting unit; the second input end of each amplification and amplitude limiting unit is connected to the output end of the average current signal output unit 12; the output of each amplification and clipping unit is connected to an output unit 30.
Each amplification and amplitude limiting unit is used for comparing the output current of the current detection unit 11 corresponding to the amplification and amplitude limiting unit with the output current of the average current signal output unit 12, and outputting the corresponding current according to the comparison result.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present invention, an implementation manner of the output unit 30, as shown in fig. 3, specifically includes:
a switching tube 31, a differential pressure control unit 32 and a switching tube drive unit 33.
The number of the switching tubes 31 is the same as the number of external power supplies of the power supply system; the number of the pressure difference control units 32 is the same as the number of external power supplies required by the power supply system; the number of the driving units 33 of the switching tube needs to be the same as the number of the external power supplies needed by the power supply system.
And one switching tube corresponds to one differential pressure control unit and one driving unit of the switching tube.
Specifically, each difference control unit 32 is connected between its corresponding switch tube 31 and its corresponding amplification and amplitude limiting unit 21; each switching tube 31 is connected between the corresponding acquisition unit 10 and the load; each of the switching tubes 31 is connected to the driving unit 33 of the corresponding switching tube.
It should be noted that, each differential pressure control unit 32 is configured to adjust the differential pressure between the drain and the source in its corresponding switching tube 31 to be maintained at a preset differential pressure; and the driving unit 33 of each switching tube is used for controlling the on-off of the switching tube 31 according to the voltage difference between the drain electrode and the source electrode of the corresponding switching tube 31.
Now, an embodiment of the present invention is described, as shown in fig. 4, taking an example that a power supply system is connected to only two power sources.
An implementation manner of the current detection unit 11 in the above embodiment may be as shown by a dotted line portion 201 or a dotted line portion 202 in fig. 4, and includes:
as shown by a dotted line portion 201 in fig. 4, the first current detecting unit includes a voltage drop resistor R2 and a current sampling chip U2.
Specifically, one end of the voltage-drop resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the first power supply and the pin No. 2 of the current sampling chip U2, respectively, and the other end of the voltage-drop resistor R2 is connected to the portion (i.e., the dashed line portion 206 and the dashed line portion 208 in fig. 4) of the output unit 30 corresponding to the first current detection unit and the pin No. 3 of the current sampling chip U2; the No. 1 pin, the No. 4 pin, the No. 6 pin and the No. 7 pin of the current sampling chip U2 are grounded; the No. 5 pin is connected with a power supply which meets the requirements of the chip, such as 3.3V; the No. 8 pin of the current sampling chip U2, which serves as the output terminal of the first current detection unit, is connected to the dotted line portion 203 and the dotted line portion 204 in fig. 4, respectively.
It should be noted that the current sampling chip U2 is configured to amplify the voltage drop generated by the voltage dropping resistor R2 according to a preset ratio, so as to obtain the input current of the power supply converted into the preset ratio. Generally, the value of R2 is generally 0.002 ohm, so the voltage drop generated is very small, and the voltage can be amplified by the current sampling chip U2, and the voltage value corresponds to the corresponding current value.
As shown by the dotted line portion 202 in fig. 4, the second current detecting unit includes a voltage drop resistor R35 and a current sampling chip U7.
Specifically, one end of the voltage-drop resistor R35 is connected to the positive electrode of the first power supply and the pin No. 3 of the current sampling chip U7, respectively, and the other end of the voltage-drop resistor R35 is connected to the portion (i.e., the dashed line portion 207 and the dashed line portion 209 in fig. 4) of the output unit 30 corresponding to the second current detection unit and the pin No. 2 of the current sampling chip U7; the No. 1 pin, the No. 4 pin, the No. 6 pin and the No. 7 pin of the current sampling chip U7 are grounded; the No. 5 pin is connected with a power supply which meets the requirements of the chip, such as 3.3V; the No. 8 pin of the current sampling chip U7, which serves as the output terminal of the second current detection unit, is connected to the dotted line portion 203 and the dotted line portion 204 in fig. 4, respectively.
It should be noted that the current sampling chip U7 is the same as the current sampling chip U2, and is configured to amplify the voltage drop generated by the voltage dropping resistor R2 according to a preset ratio to obtain the input current of the power supply converted into the preset ratio. Generally, the value of R2 is generally 0.002 ohm, so the voltage drop generated is very small, and the voltage can be amplified by the current sampling chip U7, and the voltage value corresponds to the corresponding current value.
An implementation of the average current signal output unit 12 in the above embodiment may be as shown by the dotted line portion 203 in fig. 4, and includes:
the circuit comprises a first resistor R14, a second resistor R18, a third resistor R19 and a first operational amplifier chip U4A.
Specifically, the first resistor R14 is connected between the first current detection unit corresponding to the first power supply and the first input terminal of the first operational amplifier chip U4A (i.e., the port labeled 3 in U4A in fig. 4); the second resistor R18 is connected between the second current detection unit corresponding to the second power supply and the first input terminal of the first operational amplifier chip U4A (i.e., the port labeled 3 in U4A in fig. 4); the third resistor R19 is connected between the second input terminal of the first operational amplifier chip U4A (i.e., the port labeled 2 in U4A in fig. 4) and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier chip U4A (i.e., the port labeled 1 in U4A in fig. 4); the output terminal of the first operational amplifier chip U4A is connected between the dotted line portion 204 and the dotted line portion 205 in fig. 4.
It should be noted that the first operational amplifier chip U4A is configured to equalize two currents output by the first current detection unit and the second current detection unit according to a preset ratio, so as to obtain an average current signal.
It should be further noted that, when the number of power supplies connected to the power supply system is greater than two, the average current signal output unit 12 may equalize two currents output by the plurality of current detection units according to a preset ratio by combining the plurality of first operational amplifier chips U4A, so as to obtain an average current signal.
An implementation manner of the amplification and slicing unit 21 in the foregoing embodiment may be as shown by a dashed line portion 204 or a dashed line portion 205 in fig. 4, and includes:
as shown by a dotted line portion 204 in fig. 4, the first amplifying and amplitude limiting unit includes a difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U3A, a first proportional resistor R9, a second proportional resistor R7, a third proportional resistor R15, a fourth proportional resistor R17, a first output resistor R11, and a voltage reference chip U5.
Specifically, one end of the first proportional resistor R9, serving as a first input end of the first amplification limiting unit, is connected between the first current detection unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 201 in fig. 4) and the average current signal output unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 203 in fig. 4), and a connection point of the other end of the first proportional resistor R9 and the second proportional resistor R7, one end of which is grounded, is connected to the first input end of the difference amplification operational amplifier chip U3A (i.e., the port labeled 3 in U3A in fig. 4); one end of the third proportional resistor R15 is used as the second input end of the first amplification and amplitude limiting unit and is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the other end of the third proportional resistor R15 is connected to the second input end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U3A (i.e., the port labeled 2 in U3A in fig. 4) and one end of the fourth proportional resistor R17, respectively; the other end of the fourth proportional resistor R17 is connected to the output end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U3A (i.e., the port marked with the number 1 in U3A in fig. 4) and one end of the first output resistor R11; the voltage reference chip U5 is connected between the other end of the first output resistor R11 and the dotted line portion 206 in FIG. 4, and the voltage reference chip U5 is connected to ground.
It should be noted that the difference amplifying chip U3A is configured to compare the acquired current of the power supply corresponding to itself with the average current signal corresponding to itself (that is, in fig. 4, the output current of the first current detecting unit is compared with the output current of the average current signal outputting unit), and when the current of the power supply corresponding to itself is greater than the average current signal corresponding to itself, amplify the difference between the current of the power supply corresponding to itself and the average current signal corresponding to itself, that is, the voltage difference between R9 and R15, according to a preset ratio, that is, according to the ratio of R17/R15; when the current of the power supply corresponding to the power supply is smaller than or equal to the average current signal corresponding to the power supply, the output voltage is 0; the voltage reference chip U5 is used to limit the voltage output by the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U3A within a preset voltage range.
It should be further noted that the advantage of using the current difference to amplify according to the preset ratio is that automatic master-slave discrimination is performed, only the power supply with large current is adjusted, and a small current difference can be maintained after stabilization to prevent back-and-forth preemption oscillation, that is, the current of the channel with large current needs to be reduced, and the channel current with small current is passively increased. The current difference is not generated, so that the regulated channel is changed to another channel, and then unbalance readjustment is performed again.
The current regulation waveform in the current regulation process can be seen in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the two paths of currents both approach to the average current, and since the current is sampled and the amplification factor is high, the minimum current difference is very small after balancing.
As shown by the dotted line 205 in fig. 4, the second amplifying and amplitude limiting unit includes a difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U6A, a first proportional resistor R22, a second proportional resistor R20, a third proportional resistor R27, a fourth proportional resistor R30, a first output resistor R24, and a voltage reference chip U8.
Specifically, one end of the first proportional resistor R22 is used as the first input end of the second amplification and amplitude limiting unit, and is connected between the second current detection unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 202 in fig. 4) and the average current signal output unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 203 in fig. 4), and the connection point of the other end of the first proportional resistor R22 and the second proportional resistor R20 with one end grounded is connected to the first input end of the difference amplification operational amplifier chip U6A (i.e., the port labeled as 3 in U6A in fig. 4); one end of the third proportional resistor R27 is used as a second input end of the second amplification and amplitude limiting unit and is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the other end of the third proportional resistor R27 is connected to the second input end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U6A (i.e., the port labeled 2 in U6A in fig. 4) and one end of the fourth proportional resistor R30, respectively; the other end of the fourth proportional resistor R30 is connected to the output end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U6A (i.e., the port marked with the number 1 in U6A in fig. 4) and one end of the first output resistor R24; the voltage reference chip U8 is connected between the other end of the first output resistor R24 and the dashed line segment 207 of FIG. 4, and the voltage reference chip U8 is connected to ground.
The difference amplifying chip U6A is configured to compare the acquired current of the power supply corresponding to the current amplifier with the average current signal corresponding to the current amplifier (that is, in fig. 4, the output current of the second current detecting unit is compared with the output current of the average current signal outputting unit), and when the current of the power supply corresponding to the current amplifier is greater than the average current signal corresponding to the current amplifier, amplify a voltage difference between the current of the power supply corresponding to the current amplifier and the average current signal corresponding to the current amplifier, that is, a voltage difference between R22 and R27, according to a preset ratio, that is, according to a ratio of R30/R27; when the current of the power supply corresponding to the power supply is smaller than or equal to the average current signal corresponding to the power supply, the output voltage is 0; the voltage reference chip U8 is used to limit the voltage output by the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip U6A within a preset voltage range.
It should be further noted that the advantage of using the current difference to amplify according to the preset ratio is that automatic master-slave discrimination is performed, only the power supply with large current is adjusted, and a small current difference can be maintained after stabilization to prevent back-and-forth preemption oscillation, that is, the current of the channel with large current needs to be reduced, and the channel current with small current is passively increased. The current difference is not generated, so that the regulated channel is changed to another channel, and then unbalance readjustment is performed again.
One implementation of the switch tube 31 in the above embodiment may use a commonly used Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), such as Q1 and Q2 shown in fig. 4; and a more suitable switching tube can be selected according to actual conditions, and is not limited herein.
An implementation of the differential pressure control unit 32 in the above embodiment, as shown by the dotted line portions 206 and 207 in fig. 4, may include:
as shown by the dotted line portion 206 in fig. 4, represents a first differential pressure control unit including: the voltage-difference operational amplifier comprises a first voltage-difference proportional resistor R12, a second voltage-difference proportional resistor R8, a third voltage-difference proportional resistor R16, a fourth voltage-difference proportional resistor R3, a fifth voltage-difference proportional resistor R4, a sixth voltage-difference proportional resistor R6, a seventh voltage-difference proportional resistor R13, an eighth voltage-difference proportional resistor R10, a voltage-difference operational amplifier chip U3B, a bias power supply V1, a second output resistor R5, a negative feedback integral capacitor C1, a voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a backflow preventing diode D1.
Specifically, one end of the first differential pressure proportional resistor R12 is connected between the second differential pressure proportional resistor R8 and the third differential pressure proportional resistor R16; the other end of the first voltage difference proportional resistor R12 is connected with a bias power supply V1; the connection point of the bias power supply V1 and the third voltage difference proportional resistor R16 is grounded; the connection point of the first ends of the second differential pressure proportional resistor R8 and the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor R3 is connected to the first input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip U3B (i.e., the port labeled 5 in U3B in fig. 4), and the second end of the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor R3 is connected to the driving unit of the switching tube corresponding to the first differential pressure control unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 208 in fig. 4); the second output resistor R5 is connected between the output terminal of the differential operational amplifier chip U3B (i.e., the port labeled 7 in U3B in fig. 4) and the zener diode D2; a connecting branch of the voltage stabilizing diode D2 and the negative feedback integrating capacitor C1 is connected between a second input terminal (i.e., a port labeled 6 in U3B in fig. 4) of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip U3B and a first terminal of the back-flow prevention diode D1, and a second terminal of the back-flow prevention diode D1 is connected to a driving unit (i.e., a dashed line portion 208 in fig. 4) of the switching tube corresponding to the first differential pressure control unit; the connection point of the first end of the fifth voltage difference proportional resistor R4 and the first end of the sixth voltage difference proportional resistor R6 is connected with the negative feedback integral capacitor C1; a second end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor R6 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh differential pressure proportional resistor R13 and one end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor R10; the other end of the seventh voltage difference proportional resistor R13 is grounded; the other end of the eighth voltage difference proportional resistor R10 is used as the input end of the first voltage difference control unit and is connected with the first amplification amplitude limiting unit; the second end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor R4 is connected to the driving unit (i.e. the dotted line portion 208 in fig. 4) of the switching tube corresponding to the first differential pressure control unit.
It should be noted that the differential voltage operational amplifier chip U3B is configured to adjust the voltage difference between the drain and the source of the switching tube (i.e., Q1 in fig. 4) corresponding to the first differential voltage control unit to be maintained at a preset voltage difference according to the voltage of the bias power supply V1 and the voltage output by the first amplification and amplitude limiting unit.
It can be seen that the dotted line portion 206 is designed by left-right symmetric resistor voltage division, when the difference level output by the first amplifying and amplitude limiting unit is greater than the preset power threshold of the level of the bias power V1, the negative input voltage (i.e. the port labeled 6 in U3B in fig. 4) of the differential operational amplifier chip U3B is greater than the positive input voltage (i.e. the port labeled 5 in U3B in fig. 4), the output voltage becomes low (i.e. the output voltage of the port labeled 7 in U3B in fig. 4 becomes low), so as to pull down the gate driving voltage of Q1 in fig. 4, increase the internal resistance Q1, reduce the current, further reduce the current difference fed back in the previous stage, and finally keep balance when the current of the first power supply is slightly higher than the average current, the current difference at this time is the minimum current difference to maintain the current difference, which plays a role of threshold protection, and prevent the occurrence of regulation shock. When the difference level output by the first amplification and amplitude limiting unit is less than 0.5V of the offset level V1, the operational amplifier U3B outputs a high level, and the gate of Q1 is fully controlled by the dotted line portion 208 in the figure.
As indicated by the dashed line portion 207 in fig. 4, represents a second differential pressure control unit comprising: the voltage-difference operational amplifier comprises a first voltage-difference proportional resistor R25, a second voltage-difference proportional resistor R28, a third voltage-difference proportional resistor R21, a fourth voltage-difference proportional resistor R33, a fifth voltage-difference proportional resistor R34, a sixth voltage-difference proportional resistor R32, a seventh voltage-difference proportional resistor R23, an eighth voltage-difference proportional resistor R26, a voltage-difference operational amplifier chip U4B, a bias power supply V2, a second output resistor R31, a negative feedback integral capacitor C2, a voltage stabilizing diode D3 and a backflow preventing diode D4.
Specifically, one end of the first differential pressure proportional resistor R25 is connected between the second differential pressure proportional resistor R28 and the third differential pressure proportional resistor R21; the other end of the first voltage difference proportional resistor R25 is connected with a bias power supply V2; the connection point of the bias power supply V2 and the third voltage difference proportional resistor R21 is grounded; the connection point of the first ends of the second differential pressure proportional resistor R28 and the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor R33 is connected to the first input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip U4B (i.e., the port marked with the reference number 5 in U4B in fig. 4), and the second end of the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor R33 is connected to the driving unit of the switching tube corresponding to the second differential pressure control unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 209 in fig. 4); the second output resistor R31 is connected between the output terminal of the differential operational amplifier chip U4B (i.e., the port labeled 7 in U4B in fig. 4) and the zener diode D3; a connecting branch of the voltage stabilizing diode D3 and the negative feedback integrating capacitor C2 is connected between a second input terminal (i.e., a port labeled as 6 in U4B in fig. 4) of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip U4B and a first terminal of the back-flow prevention diode D4, and a second terminal of the back-flow prevention diode D4 is connected to a driving unit (i.e., a dashed line portion 209 in fig. 4) of the switching tube corresponding to the second differential pressure control unit; the connection point of the first end of the fifth voltage difference proportional resistor R34 and the first end of the sixth voltage difference proportional resistor R32 is connected with the negative feedback integral capacitor C2; a second end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor R32 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh differential pressure proportional resistor R23 and one end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor R26; the other end of the seventh voltage difference proportional resistor R23 is grounded; the other end of the eighth voltage difference proportional resistor R26 is used as the input end of the second voltage difference control unit and is connected with the second amplification amplitude limiting unit; a second end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor R34 is connected to a driving unit (i.e., the dashed line portion 209 in fig. 4) of the switching tube corresponding to the second differential pressure control unit.
It should be noted that the differential voltage operational amplifier chip U4B is configured to adjust the voltage difference between the drain and the source of the switching tube (i.e., Q2 in fig. 4) corresponding to the second differential voltage control unit to be maintained at a preset voltage difference according to the voltage of the bias power supply V2 and the voltage output by the second amplification and amplitude limiting unit.
It can be seen that the dotted line portion 207 is designed by left-right symmetric resistor voltage division, when the difference level output by the second amplification and amplitude limiting unit is greater than the preset power supply threshold of the level of the bias power supply V2, the negative input voltage (i.e. the port labeled 6 in U4B in fig. 4) of the differential operational amplifier chip U4B is greater than the positive input voltage (i.e. the port labeled 5 in U4B in fig. 4), the output voltage becomes low (i.e. the output voltage of the port labeled 7 in U3B in fig. 4 becomes low), so as to pull down the gate driving voltage of Q2 in fig. 4, increase the internal resistance of Q2, reduce the current, further reduce the current difference fed back in the previous stage, and finally keep balance when the current of the second power supply is slightly higher than the average current, the current difference at this time is the minimum maintaining current difference, which plays a role of threshold protection, and prevents the occurrence of regulation shock. When the difference level output by the second amplification and amplitude limiting unit is less than 0.5V of the offset level V2, the operational amplifier U4B outputs a high level, and the gate of Q2 is fully controlled by the dotted line portion 209 in the figure.
One implementation of the driving unit 33 of the switch tube in the above embodiment may use a connection manner of a common side redundant FET controller (i.e., U1 or U9 in fig. 4) and a protection resistor, as shown by a dotted line portion 208 or a dotted line portion 209 in fig. 4; a more suitable controller may be selected according to actual conditions, and is not limited herein.
It should be noted that, when a commonly-used side redundancy FET controller is used, the driving unit of the switching tube controls Q1 to be turned on at a forward voltage (i.e., (VS +20mv) > VD) and turned off at a reverse voltage (i.e., (VD > (VS +20mv)), so as to simulate the diode characteristics; when a common side redundancy FET controller is used, a driving unit of a switching tube controls Q2 to be switched on (namely (VS +20mv) > VD) in a forward voltage and switched off (VD > (namely VS +20mv)) in a reverse voltage, so that the characteristic of the diode is realized in a simulated mode.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Those skilled in the art can make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A power supply system, comprising:
the device comprises a collecting unit, a judging unit and an output unit; the acquisition units are respectively connected between at least two power supplies and the judgment unit; the output unit is connected between the judging unit and the load; the acquisition unit is connected with the output unit;
the acquisition unit is used for converting the input current of each power supply into current with a preset proportion and converting the input current of each power supply into current with a preset proportion for current equalization to obtain an average current signal;
the judging unit is used for comparing the current of each power supply with the average current signal and outputting corresponding current according to the comparison result;
the output unit is used for adjusting the current between the acquisition unit and the load according to the current output by the judgment unit and finally outputting the current of each power supply with the same current value;
the output unit includes:
the number of the switching tubes is the same as that of the power supplies, the number of the differential pressure control units is the same as that of the power supplies, and the number of the switching tubes is the same as that of the power supplies; one switching tube corresponds to one pressure difference control unit and one driving unit of the switching tube;
each pressure difference control unit is connected between the switching tube corresponding to the pressure difference control unit and the amplification and amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the pressure difference control unit;
each switch tube is connected between the corresponding acquisition unit and the load; each switch tube is connected with the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the switch tube;
each differential pressure control unit is used for adjusting the differential pressure of a drain electrode and a source electrode in the corresponding switch tube to be maintained at a preset differential pressure;
the driving unit of each switch tube is used for controlling the on-off of the switch tube according to the voltage difference of the drain electrode and the source electrode of the switch tube corresponding to the driving unit;
each of the differential pressure control units includes:
the voltage-difference operational amplifier comprises a first voltage-difference proportional resistor, a second voltage-difference proportional resistor, a third voltage-difference proportional resistor, a fourth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a fifth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a sixth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a seventh voltage-difference proportional resistor, an eighth voltage-difference proportional resistor, a voltage-difference operational amplifier chip, a bias power supply, a second output resistor, a negative feedback integral capacitor, a voltage-stabilizing diode and a backflow-preventing diode;
one end of the first differential pressure proportional resistor is connected between the second differential pressure proportional resistor and the third differential pressure proportional resistor; the other end of the first voltage difference proportional resistor is connected to the bias power supply; the connection point of the bias power supply and the third voltage difference proportional resistor is grounded;
the connection point of the first ends of the second differential pressure proportional resistor and the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the first input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip, and the second end of the fourth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the second output resistor is connected between the output end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip and the voltage stabilizing diode; the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a connecting branch of the negative feedback integral capacitor, the second input end of the differential pressure operational amplifier chip is connected with the first end of the backflow prevention diode, and the second end of the backflow prevention diode is connected with the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the connection point of the first end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor and the first end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected with the negative feedback integral capacitor; a second end of the sixth differential pressure proportional resistor is respectively connected with one end of the seventh differential pressure proportional resistor and one end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor; the other end of the seventh voltage difference proportional resistor is grounded; the other end of the eighth differential pressure proportional resistor is used as the input end of the differential pressure control unit and is connected with the amplification amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the differential pressure control unit; the second end of the fifth differential pressure proportional resistor is connected to the driving unit of the switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit;
the differential pressure operational amplifier chip is used for adjusting the differential pressure of a drain electrode and a source electrode in a switch tube corresponding to the differential pressure control unit to be maintained at a preset differential pressure according to the voltage of the bias power supply and the voltage output by the amplification amplitude limiting unit corresponding to the differential pressure control unit.
2. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the collection unit comprises:
the number of the current detection units and the average current signal output units is the same as that of the power supplies;
each current detection unit is connected between a power supply corresponding to the current detection unit and the average current signal output unit, and each current detection unit is connected to the output unit; each current detection unit corresponds to only one power supply and is used for converting the input current of the power supply corresponding to the current detection unit into the current with the preset proportion;
the average current signal output unit is used for equalizing the current obtained by each current detection unit to obtain an average current signal.
3. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein each of the current detection units includes:
a voltage drop resistor and a current sampling chip;
one end of the voltage-drop resistor is connected to the power supply and the current sampling chip respectively, and the other end of the voltage-drop resistor is connected to the output unit and the current sampling chip;
the current sampling chip is used for amplifying the voltage drop generated by the voltage drop resistor according to a preset proportion to obtain the input current of the power supply converted into the preset proportion.
4. The power supply system of claim 2, wherein if the power supply system is connected to only two power sources, the average current signal output unit comprises:
the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first operational amplifier chip;
the first resistor is connected between a first current detection unit corresponding to a first power supply and a first input end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the second resistor is connected between a second current detection unit corresponding to a second power supply and the first input end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the third resistor is connected between the second input end and the output end of the first operational amplifier chip;
the output end of the first operational amplifier chip is connected to the judging unit and is used for equalizing two currents output by the first current detecting unit and the second current detecting unit according to the preset proportion to obtain an average current signal.
5. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the determination unit includes:
the number of the amplification and amplitude limiting units is the same as that of the power supplies;
the first input end of each amplification amplitude limiting unit is connected between the current detection unit corresponding to the first input end and the average current signal output unit; the second input end of each amplification and amplitude limiting unit is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the output end of each amplification amplitude limiting unit is connected with the output unit;
each amplification amplitude limiting unit is used for comparing the output current of the current detection unit corresponding to the amplification amplitude limiting unit with the output current of the average current signal output unit and outputting the corresponding current according to the comparison result.
6. The power supply system of claim 5, wherein each of the amplification and clipping units comprises:
the differential amplifying operational amplifier comprises a differential amplifying operational amplifier chip, a first proportional resistor, a second proportional resistor, a third proportional resistor, a fourth proportional resistor, a first output resistor and a voltage reference chip;
one end of the first proportional resistor is used as a first input end of the amplification amplitude limiting unit and is connected between the current detection unit and the average current signal output unit, and the other end of the first proportional resistor and the connection point of the second proportional resistor with one end grounded are connected to the first input end of the difference amplification operational amplifier chip;
one end of the third proportional resistor is used as a second input end of the amplification amplitude limiting unit and is connected with the output end of the average current signal output unit; the other end of the third proportional resistor is connected to the second input end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip and one end of the fourth proportional resistor respectively;
the other end of the fourth proportional resistor is connected with the output end of the difference amplifying operational amplifier chip and one end of the first output resistor;
the voltage reference chip is connected between the other end of the first output resistor and the output unit, and the voltage reference chip is grounded;
the difference value amplification chip is used for comparing the acquired current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip with the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip, and when the current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip is larger than the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip, the difference value amplification chip amplifies the difference value of the current of the power supply corresponding to the difference value amplification chip and the average current signal corresponding to the difference value amplification chip according to a preset proportion; when the current of the power supply corresponding to the power supply is smaller than or equal to the average current signal corresponding to the power supply, the output voltage is 0;
and the voltage reference chip is used for limiting the voltage output by the difference value amplification operational amplifier chip within a preset voltage range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911410837.2A CN110994585B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911410837.2A CN110994585B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Power supply system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110994585A CN110994585A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
| CN110994585B true CN110994585B (en) | 2021-10-15 |
Family
ID=70079715
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911410837.2A Active CN110994585B (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Power supply system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110994585B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1738142A (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2006-02-22 | 艾默生网络能源有限公司 | Average current type current-equalizing circuit and its formed power supply and power supply system |
| CN102480126A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-30 | 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 | High voltage direct current power supply with modules of different capacities working in parallel |
| CN203942669U (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-11-12 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Equalizing control circuit and corresponding circuit combination |
| CN108668403A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-16 | 赤多尼科两合股份有限公司 | A kind of LED constant pressures current-equalizing system |
| CN209658905U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-11-19 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | A kind of flow equalizing circuit |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911410837.2A patent/CN110994585B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1738142A (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2006-02-22 | 艾默生网络能源有限公司 | Average current type current-equalizing circuit and its formed power supply and power supply system |
| CN102480126A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-30 | 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 | High voltage direct current power supply with modules of different capacities working in parallel |
| CN203942669U (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-11-12 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Equalizing control circuit and corresponding circuit combination |
| CN108668403A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-16 | 赤多尼科两合股份有限公司 | A kind of LED constant pressures current-equalizing system |
| CN209658905U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-11-19 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | A kind of flow equalizing circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110994585A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI540830B (en) | Operational amplifier and power management system thereof for controlling electric light source | |
| US7075373B2 (en) | Overcurrent protection circuit with fast current limiting control | |
| US6559626B2 (en) | Voltage regulator | |
| JP3761507B2 (en) | DC stabilized power supply | |
| CN108258650B (en) | A kind of current foldback circuit of low side driving | |
| US9000743B2 (en) | Multi-channel constant voltage and constant current converting controller and apparatus | |
| US20070081285A1 (en) | Power supply control circuit | |
| US20110227640A1 (en) | Power supply device | |
| US9722608B2 (en) | Multi-voltage to isolated logic level trigger | |
| CN110994585B (en) | Power supply system | |
| KR101207254B1 (en) | Switching regulator | |
| US11881846B2 (en) | Load drive device and transmission drive system | |
| CN115865009A (en) | Amplifier with overvoltage protection | |
| US9899964B2 (en) | Class AB amplifier with bias control | |
| DE602007010421D1 (en) | ||
| US20230198387A1 (en) | Power feeding control apparatus | |
| JP2836382B2 (en) | DC power supply | |
| JP2007166096A (en) | Bias control circuit | |
| US20200313543A1 (en) | Processing circuit and power supply device | |
| JP2661546B2 (en) | Constant voltage power supply circuit | |
| JPH0664501B2 (en) | Constant current power supply circuit | |
| CN117410928A (en) | Bidirectional controllable chip current-limiting detection circuit | |
| KR100476226B1 (en) | Variable force solenoid valve drive apparatus of automatic transmission | |
| KR100191304B1 (en) | Agc circuit for dc offset voltage | |
| CN115145341A (en) | Maximum allowable current adjustable circuit and method for adjusting maximum allowable current |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |