CN110993990A - Control method for fuel cell stack activation - Google Patents
Control method for fuel cell stack activation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110993990A CN110993990A CN201911416043.7A CN201911416043A CN110993990A CN 110993990 A CN110993990 A CN 110993990A CN 201911416043 A CN201911416043 A CN 201911416043A CN 110993990 A CN110993990 A CN 110993990A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method for activation of a fuel cell stack, which specifically comprises the following steps: step S1: performing first-stage stack activation on a fuel cell stack; step S2: when the activation time of the first-stage galvanic pile activation reaches a set value, ending the first-stage galvanic pile activation; step S3: after the activation of the galvanic pile in the first stage is finished, cooling the galvanic pile according to a cooling interval; step S4: and after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced, carrying out second-stage galvanic pile activation on the galvanic pile of the fuel cell. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of shortening the activation time, improving the performance of the galvanic pile and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell, in particular to a control method for activation of a fuel cell stack.
Background
The performance of a fuel cell depends to a large extent on the performance of a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) or a CCM (Catalyst-coated Membrane), and for a given MEA or CCM, an effective activation process is required for the fuel cell in order to quickly achieve and exert the inherent optimal performance in a short time. Newly produced fuel cells generally require an effective activation means to achieve optimum performance, and during long-term storage of the fuel cells, the fuel cells suffer performance degradation due to evaporation of internal moisture, intrusion of impurities, or oxidation of platinum in the catalyst, and the fuel cells need to be effectively activated to recover their performance before reuse.
Various activation methods for fuel cell stacks have been proposed and studied, such as a current control method, a voltage control method, a hydrogen pump method, a CO oxidation stripping method, and an electrochemical method for a membrane electrode. However, these activation methods have been mainly verified on single-sheet stacks or small-power (e.g. less than 1kW) stacks, and there are very few reports on the activation methods and processes for large-power stacks used in industry. It should be noted that some methods of activating the stack by using severe conditions, such as high temperature treatment of MEA in boiling water or steam before stacking, or CO oxidation stripping, do not meet the safety requirement of industrial production. In addition, the reported activation method has the defects of complex process, long activation time, large hydrogen consumption and the like. Therefore, in industrial production, the development of a galvanic pile activation method with short activation time, simple process, mild conditions and low hydrogen consumption is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for activation of a fuel cell stack, which aims to overcome the defects of large-power stacks, complex process, long activation time and hydrogen consumption which are not suitable for industrial production in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a control method for activation of a fuel cell stack specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: performing first-stage stack activation on a fuel cell stack;
step S2: when the activation time of the first-stage galvanic pile activation reaches a set value, ending the first-stage galvanic pile activation;
step S3: after the activation of the galvanic pile in the first stage is finished, cooling the galvanic pile according to a cooling interval;
step S4: and after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced, carrying out second-stage galvanic pile activation on the galvanic pile of the fuel cell.
The activation modes of the first-stage galvanic pile activation comprise a current control activation method, a voltage control activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method and a double-hydrogen activation method.
The activation modes of the second-stage galvanic pile activation comprise a current control activation method, a voltage control activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method and a double hydrogen activation method.
Preferably, the range of the temperature of the galvanic pile corresponding to the first-stage galvanic pile activation is 50-90 ℃.
Preferably, the initial value of the temperature reduction interval is 10 ℃.
And the lowest galvanic pile temperature corresponding to the galvanic pile cooling is the room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages that the step of cooling the galvanic pile is inserted in the traditional galvanic pile activation mode, the time consumption is less for the same voltage performance, and the activation time is shortened.
2. The performance of the fuel cell after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced is greatly improved, and the voltage performance of a single chip can be improved by 10mV, 20mV, 30mV and even 40 mV.
3. In the process of cooling the fuel cell stack, the invention does not occupy the resources of the fuel cell stack test bench, effectively improves the utilization efficiency of the test bench and saves the production cost.
4. The operation condition of the temperature reduction of the galvanic pile is easy to realize, and the method can be applied to the activation of industrial high-power galvanic piles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for controlling activation of a fuel cell stack specifically includes the following steps:
step S1: performing first-stage stack activation on a fuel cell stack;
step S2: when the activation time of the first-stage galvanic pile activation reaches a set value, ending the first-stage galvanic pile activation;
step S3: after the activation of the galvanic pile in the first stage is finished, cooling the galvanic pile according to a cooling interval;
step S4: and after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced, carrying out second-stage galvanic pile activation on the galvanic pile of the fuel cell.
The activation modes of the first-stage stack activation include a current control activation method, a voltage control activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method and a double hydrogen activation method.
The activation modes of the second-stage galvanic pile activation include a current control activation method, a voltage control activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method and a double hydrogen activation method.
The range of the temperature of the galvanic pile corresponding to the first-stage galvanic pile activation is 50-90 ℃.
The initial value of the cooling interval was 10 ℃.
And the lowest temperature of the galvanic pile corresponding to the temperature reduction of the galvanic pile is the room temperature.
Example one
A pile of 200 single cells without activation, which is tested by performance test at 1000mA/cm2The average monolithic voltage at current density was 0.60V. Activation was carried out by three methods, specifically as follows:
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a current control method: the running temperature of the galvanic pile is 80 ℃, the loading speed is 10A/s and is 1000mA/cm2The activation time under the current density is 1 h. And then the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to 50 ℃ in a way of forcibly reducing the temperature by the test bench. Then the electric pile is pulled to 1000mA/cm again2The balance time is 30min, the operation temperature is 80 ℃, the loading speed is 10A/s, and the activation time is 1 h. Accumulating the activation time for 2h, and finally testing the activated 200The performance of the electric pile formed by single battery sheets is 1000mA/cm2The average single-chip voltage is 0.69V under the current density;
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a current control method: at 1000mA/cm2The balance time under the current density is 30min, the operation temperature of the galvanic pile is 80 ℃, the loading speed is 10A/s, and the activation time is 1.5 h. And then the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to 50 ℃ in a way of forcibly reducing the temperature by the test bench. Accumulating the activation time for 1.5h, and finally testing the performance of the pile formed by 200 single cells after activation at 1000mA/cm2The average single-chip voltage is 0.67V under the current density;
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a current control method: at 1000mA/cm2The balance time under the current density is 4h, the operation temperature of the galvanic pile is 80 ℃, and the loading speed is 10A/s. Accumulating the activation time for 4h, and finally testing the performance of the pile consisting of 200 single cells after activation at 1000mA/cm2The average monolithic voltage at current density was 0.65V.
Compared with the three activation methods, the activation mode of the first-stage activation is the same as that of the second-stage activation, after the first-stage activation, the monolithic voltage value of the galvanic pile obtained by cooling and then performing the second-stage activation is the highest and is larger than that obtained by performing only the first-stage activation and cooling on the galvanic pile, and the monolithic voltage value of the galvanic pile obtained by performing only the first-stage activation is the lowest.
Example two
A pile of 200 single cells without activation, which is tested by performance test at 1000mA/cm2The average monolithic voltage at current density was 0.59V. Activation was carried out by two methods, specifically as follows:
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a current control method: the running temperature of the galvanic pile is 70 ℃, the loading speed is 10A/s and is 1000mA/cm2The activation time under the current density is 1 h. And then the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to 40 ℃ by a natural cooling mode. Then, double hydrogen activation is adopted for 30min, namely 100nlpm hydrogen is respectively introduced into the cathode and the anode of the galvanic pile, and the hydrogen humidity is 100%. Accumulating the activation time for 1.5h, and finally testing the pile property of 200 single cells after activationCan be at 1000mA/cm2The average single-chip voltage is 0.67V under the current density;
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a current control method: loading and unloading for quick activation at 1000mA/cm2The balance time under the current density is 30min, the operation temperature of the galvanic pile is 70 ℃, the loading speed is 10A/s, and the activation time is 1 h. Then, double hydrogen activation is adopted for 30min, namely 100nlpm hydrogen is respectively introduced into the cathode and the anode of the galvanic pile, and the hydrogen humidity is 100%. Accumulating the activation time for 1.5h, and finally testing the performance of the pile formed by 200 single cells after activation at 1000mA/cm2The average monolithic voltage at current density was 0.64V.
Comparing the two activation methods, the activation mode of the first stage activation is different from the activation mode of the second stage activation, after the first stage activation, the monolithic voltage value of the galvanic pile obtained by cooling and then performing the second stage activation is larger than the monolithic voltage value of the galvanic pile obtained by replacing the second stage activation after the first stage activation.
EXAMPLE III
A pile consisting of 170 single cells which are not activated and are subjected to a performance test at 800mA/cm2The average monolithic voltage at current density was 0.60V. Activation was carried out by two methods, specifically as follows:
the galvanic pile is activated by adopting a voltage control method: introducing hydrogen and air to the cathode and anode of the galvanic pile respectively, controlling the running temperature of the galvanic pile to be 80 ℃, controlling the average monolithic voltage to be constant at 0.60V, and stabilizing the current density at 1000mA/cm after the activation time is 2h2. After the activation of the voltage control method is finished, the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced to 30 ℃ in a mode of forcibly reducing the temperature by the test bench. Accumulating the activation time for 2h, finally testing the performance of the pile formed by 170 activated monocells, and stabilizing the current density at 1100mA/cm when the average monocell voltage is 0.60V2；
The galvanic pile is activated by adopting voltage control: hydrogen and air are respectively introduced into the positive side and the negative side of the galvanic pile, the running temperature of the galvanic pile is 80 ℃, the average monolithic voltage is controlled to be constant at 0.60V, and the current density is stabilized at 1000mA/cm2 after the activation time is 2 hours. Accumulating the activation time for 2h, finally testing the performance of the activated galvanic pile consisting of 170 single cells, and stabilizing the current density at 1000mA/cm2 when the average single cell voltage is 0.60V.
Comparing the two activation methods, the galvanic pile obtained by cooling after the first-stage activation has higher current density than the galvanic pile obtained by not cooling after the first-stage activation under the condition that the average monolithic voltage values are the same.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may have different names, and the above descriptions in the present specification are only illustrations of the structures of the present invention. Minor or simple variations in the structure, features and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or methods may be similarly employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appending claims.
Claims (6)
1. A control method for activation of a fuel cell stack is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: performing first-stage stack activation on a fuel cell stack;
step S2: when the activation time of the first-stage galvanic pile activation reaches a set value, ending the first-stage galvanic pile activation;
step S3: after the activation of the galvanic pile in the first stage is finished, cooling the galvanic pile according to a cooling interval;
step S4: and after the temperature of the galvanic pile is reduced, carrying out second-stage galvanic pile activation on the galvanic pile of the fuel cell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the activation mode of the first-stage stack activation includes a current-controlled activation method, a voltage-controlled activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method, and a double hydrogen activation method.
3. The method for controlling activation of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the activation modes of the second-stage stack activation include a current-controlled activation method, a voltage-controlled activation method, a hydrogen pump activation method, and a double-hydrogen activation method.
4. The method for controlling activation of a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stack temperature for the first stage stack activation is in a range of 50-90 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial value of the temperature drop interval is 10 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the stack cooling corresponds to a lowest stack temperature of room temperature.
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Cited By (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111261900A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市南科燃料电池有限公司 | Activation method of cathode open type air-cooled fuel cell membrane electrode |
| CN111740134A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-10-02 | 广东国鸿氢能科技有限公司 | Method for activating electric pile of fuel cell |
| CN111916800A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-11-10 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Activation method and application of fuel cell membrane electrode |
| CN112952149A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack activation method |
| CN112952151A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Method for activating fuel cell stack |
| CN114024001A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-02-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Cathode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN114024000A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-02-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Anode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN114597450A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-07 | 大同氢雄云鼎氢能科技有限公司 | Rapid activation method of fuel cell system |
| CN115832361A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏耀扬新能源科技有限公司 | Performance recovery method based on output power attenuation proportion of fuel cell |
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| CN114024000B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-11-08 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Anode activation method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN114597450A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-07 | 大同氢雄云鼎氢能科技有限公司 | Rapid activation method of fuel cell system |
| CN115832361A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏耀扬新能源科技有限公司 | Performance recovery method based on output power attenuation proportion of fuel cell |
| CN115832361B (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-21 | 江苏耀扬新能源科技有限公司 | Performance recovery method based on output power attenuation ratio of fuel cell |
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