CN110984893B - Punching and grabbing drilling device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Punching and grabbing drilling device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110984893B CN110984893B CN201911037097.2A CN201911037097A CN110984893B CN 110984893 B CN110984893 B CN 110984893B CN 201911037097 A CN201911037097 A CN 201911037097A CN 110984893 B CN110984893 B CN 110984893B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
Abstract
The invention provides a punching and grabbing drilling device and a using method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body is provided with a hanging ring, and a space for accommodating a balance weight is arranged in the upper cylinder body; the lower cylinder is coaxially connected with the upper cylinder; the grabbing shovel is arranged at the lower end of the lower cylinder body along the circumferential direction, the upper end of the grabbing shovel is hinged with the lower end of the lower cylinder body, the grabbing shovel rotates around a hinged point respectively until the grabbing shovel gathers together to form a space with a closed lower end, or rotates around the hinged point respectively until the grabbing shovel separates from the lower end to form a path for rock and soil to enter; the connecting rod is arranged corresponding to each grab shovel; and the linear driving mechanisms correspond to the grab shovels, and are arranged on the outer wall of the lower barrel body and connected with the grab shovels through connecting rods. The invention is suitable for different stratums through the balance weight, exerts the maximum efficiency of the punching, grabbing and drilling device, controls the gathering and separation of the grabbing shovel by the hydraulic cylinder, and has the advantages of high action speed, tight closed space and high working efficiency. The oscillation of the sphere increases the depth of the grab shovel cutting into the soil body, and the structure is simple and the effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering mechanical equipment, in particular to a punching and grabbing drilling device and a using method thereof.
Background
The drilling machine is mainly used for hydraulic engineering, building foundation, railway and highway bridge pile foundation construction, geological exploration and deep well drilling, and has good drilling effect on silt layer, clay layer, pebble layer and rock layer. The percussion and grabbing drilling machine can adapt to various geological conditions, particularly drilling holes in a pebble bed and a rock stratum, and has the characteristics of simple structure and strong adaptability. The percussion and grab drilling machine lifts a percussion and grab drill bit through a winch, utilizes the weight of the percussion and grab drill bit to impact and break rock soil at the bottom of a hole under the condition of slurry wall protection, and grabs the rock soil by a grabbing shovel of the percussion and grab drill bit, lifts the rock soil out of the hole and unloads the soil. The drilling speed is determined by the hardness of the stratum and the impact potential energy of the percussion and grabbing.
The weight of the existing percussion and grabbing drill bit is generally fixed, and the grabbing shovel needs to be operated by pulling a steel wire rope by a winch to clamp soil, so that the grabbing shovel is possibly not closed tightly, sandy soil and rock slag are scattered to the bottom of a hole frequently, and the working efficiency and the construction speed of the percussion and grabbing drill are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a punching and grabbing drilling device, comprising:
the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body is provided with a hanging ring, and a space for accommodating a balance weight is arranged in the upper cylinder body;
the lower cylinder is coaxially connected with the upper cylinder;
the grabbing shovels are arranged at the lower end of the lower barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper ends of the grabbing shovels are hinged with the lower end of the lower barrel through first hinge points, the grabbing shovels rotate around the corresponding first hinge points respectively until the grabbing shovels are gathered together to form a space with a closed lower end, or rotate around the corresponding first hinge points respectively until the grabbing shovels are separated, so that a path for rock soil to enter is formed;
a plurality of connecting rods, one connecting rod corresponding to each grab shovel;
the linear driving mechanisms correspond to the grab shovels, the outer wall of the lower barrel is provided with the linear driving mechanisms, piston rods of the linear driving mechanisms are hinged to one end of the connecting rod through a second hinged point, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the outer wall of the grab shovel through a third hinged point.
The invention also provides a using method of the punching and grabbing drilling device, the punching and grabbing drilling device is adopted to perform punching and grabbing drilling, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism contracts, the grab shovel is adjusted to be in a separated state, and a matched counterweight is added into the upper barrel according to the stratum structure of the position of the cast-in-place pile hole;
s2, hoisting the punching and grabbing drilling device by a winch through a steel wire rope, and moving the punching and grabbing drilling device to the position of a cast-in-place pile hole;
s3, the winch releases the steel wire rope, so that the punching and grabbing drilling device lifted by the steel wire rope falls;
s4, the punching and grabbing drilling device impacts rock soil downwards under the action of gravity and a balance weight, and a grabbing shovel is inserted into the rock soil;
s5, extending a piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to drive a grabbing shovel to gather together, and grabbing the rock soil into a space with a closed lower end;
s6, starting the hoisting machine to lift the punching and grabbing drilling device to the outside of the hole, and controlling the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to contract, so that the grabbing shovel is separated again, and rock and soil are discharged;
and S7, repeating the steps S2 to S6 until the hole forming operation of the cast-in-place pile hole is completed.
The upper barrel of the punching, grabbing and drilling device is of a hollow structure, and different stratum structures are suitable by adding the balance weight in the upper barrel, so that energy consumption can be saved, the punching, grabbing and drilling device can exert the maximum efficiency, the phenomenon that the winch consumes and wastes due to the fact that the punching, grabbing and drilling device is too heavy is avoided, the phenomenon that the punching, grabbing and drilling device falls too lightly, the potential energy is insufficient, the grabbing shovel cannot cut into the soil body completely, and the punching, grabbing and hole forming efficiency is influenced is avoided. The hydraulic cylinder is adopted to directly control the gathering and the separation of the grab shovel at the bottom, the action speed is high, the closed space is tight, and the working efficiency can be improved. The spherical body is adopted for balancing weight, the depth of the grab shovel cutting into the soil body is increased by utilizing the up-and-down oscillation of the spherical body in the upper barrel, the structure is simple, and the effect is very good.
Drawings
The above features and technical advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a punching and grabbing drilling device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the punching and grabbing drilling device of the embodiment of the invention after grabbing rock soil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an engagement surface of a grapple illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an impact structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a punch and grab drilling apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention shown in a pile hole;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a pull-cord pulling the flushoid drilling apparatus to a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the punching and grabbing drilling device with a spherical counterweight.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention and methods of using the same will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways, or combinations thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Furthermore, in the present description, the drawings are not to scale and like reference numerals refer to like parts.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the punching and grabbing drilling device 300 of the present embodiment includes an upper cylinder 1 and a lower cylinder 2, and a hydraulic cylinder 21, a connecting rod 22 and a grab blade 23 which are provided on the lower cylinder 2. The upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 which are coaxially connected are separated by a partition plate 9. And a hanging ring is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper barrel body 1 and is used for being connected with a steel wire rope 8. On the lower terminal surface of barrel 2 down, arranged a plurality of grabs 23 along the circumferencial direction, the upper end of grabs 23 is articulated through first pin joint with the lower extreme of barrel 2 down for grabs 23 can rotate around first pin joint. The plurality of grapples 23 can be rotated to be gathered around the first hinge points 231 thereof, respectively, to form a space whose lower end is closed. Or can be rotated to be separated around the first hinge point 231 thereof, respectively, to form a passage for the rock soil 7 to enter. The spatula 23 may be, for example, as shown in fig. 1, with the spatula 23 tapering from top to bottom to tips, forming a tapered, lower end enclosed space when the spatula 23 is brought together until the tips meet.
On the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2, a hydraulic cylinder 21 is provided corresponding to each grapple 23, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 22 through a second hinge point 221, and the other end of the connecting rod 22 is hinged to the outer wall of the grapple 23 through a third hinge point 222. It should be noted that, although the hydraulic cylinder in fig. 1 and 2 is protruded on the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2, in order to make the outer wall of the punching and grabbing drilling device smooth and uniform, the hydraulic cylinder 21 may be embedded in the lower cylinder 2 (as shown in fig. 7).
Be provided with the space that holds the counter weight in last barrel 1 go up and to put into counter weight sand 6 in the barrel 1 according to the construction needs, of course, also can replace with the counter weight of different weight. An upper cover 10 is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body 1, and a sand injection hole 11 is also arranged on the upper cover 10 and used for injecting counterweight sand into the upper cylinder body 1. An oil pump 4 and a motor 5 are arranged on the upper cover 10, and the motor 5 is used for driving the oil pump 4 to work, so that the oil pump 4 supplies oil to the hydraulic cylinder 21.
In an alternative embodiment, the weight is a solid or hollow sphere 14, such as an iron ball, as shown in FIG. 7. The diameter of the solid or hollow sphere is 20 cm-30 cm smaller than the inner height of the upper cylinder body 1, the diameter of the solid or hollow sphere is 1 cm-2 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder body 1, the punching and grabbing drilling device 300 freely falls down to collide with the bottom surface of the pile hole, the iron ball can be vibrated and bounced, and the upper cover 10 of the upper cylinder body and the partition plate 9 oscillate up and down back and forth, so that the punching and grabbing drilling device effectively generates excitation, and the lower cylinder body and the grabbing shovel 23 effectively and quickly enter the soil. Preferably, the pile hole with the pile diameter smaller than 1.2m adopts a solid iron ball, the pile hole with the pile diameter larger than 1.2m adopts a hollow iron ball, the weight of the iron ball is kept between 5 tons and 15 tons, and the weight of the iron ball is heavier when the pile diameter is larger.
In an alternative embodiment, sealing strips are arranged on the mutually contacted joint surfaces of the grappling shovels 23, and when the grappling shovels 23 are gathered together, the contact gaps are sealed through the sealing strips, so that rock soil is prevented from falling from the gaps.
In an alternative embodiment, the engaging surfaces of the grapple 23 that contact each other are provided with steps. Specifically, the adjacent joint surfaces of the grapple 23 have mutually matching steps, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the matching of the steps on the side where the grapple 23 is gathered. Through the zigzag structure of the steps, rock and soil can be prevented from falling from the jointed gaps. Fig. 3 illustrates an example of one step, and a plurality of steps may be provided.
In an optional embodiment, a ratchet (not shown) with an axis along the circumferential tangential direction is arranged on the inner wall of the grabbing shovel 23, and when the grabbing shovel 23 falls down, if a large stone is encountered, the ratchet rolls along the outer wall of the stone to help the grabbing shovel 23 to smoothly fall down, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 contracts to gather the grabbing shovel 23 and clamp the outer wall of the stone, so that in the process of lifting the grabbing drilling device, the ratchet does not roll, the stone can be clamped through the ratchet, and the stone can be extracted to the ground.
In an alternative embodiment, the side walls of the upper barrel 1 and the lower barrel 2 are matched with each other in a concave-convex structure to form an impact structure, for example, a plurality of vertically spaced annular protrusions 16 are arranged on the inner wall of the upper barrel 1, a plurality of spaced annular grooves 26 are arranged on the outer wall of the lower barrel 2, the number of the annular grooves 26 is at least one more than that of the annular protrusions 16, and each annular protrusion 16 is embedded in each annular groove 26, so that the upper barrel 1 and the lower barrel 2 are connected together. The wire rope of the punching and grabbing drilling device is loosened and suspended at the winch, the punching and grabbing drilling device falls downwards, when the grabbing shovel of the lower barrel body 2 contacts the bottom of the hole, the grabbing shovel 23 is downwards flushed into rock soil under the action of gravity of the upper barrel body 1 and counterweight sand, and in the process of impacting the bottom of the hole by gravity, the grabbing shovel 23 gradually cuts into the rock soil and cannot move any more, so that the impact force of the upper barrel body 1 on the lower barrel body 2 is gradually increased to the maximum. When the grab blade 23 cuts into the rock soil to the immobile position, the impact force reaches the maximum. During the gravity impact on the hole bottom, the upper cylinder 1 stores a certain elastic energy due to the blocking effect of the annular groove 26 of the lower cylinder 2 against the annular protrusion 16 of the upper cylinder 1. When the impact force reaches the maximum, the annular protrusion 16 slips from the annular groove 26 and enters the next annular groove 26, the elastic energy of the upper cylinder 1 is released, so that the upper cylinder 1 has another elastic impact on the lower cylinder 2, and the effect is equivalent to giving the grabbing shovel 23 another impact after the grabbing shovel 23 is cut into the rock and soil and is still stationary, so that the grabbing shovel 23 is further cut into the rock and soil. It is sufficient to design the mating dimensions of the respective annular groove and annular projection such that the annular projection 16 can slip out of the annular groove 26 when a certain impact force is reached. The invention also provides a use method of the punching, grabbing and drilling device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism contracts, the grab shovel is adjusted to be in a separated state, and a matched counterweight is added into the upper barrel according to the stratum structure of the position of the cast-in-place pile hole;
s2, hoisting the punching and grabbing drilling device by a winch through a steel wire rope, and moving the punching and grabbing drilling device to the position of a cast-in-place pile hole;
s3, the winch releases the steel wire rope, so that the punching and grabbing drilling device lifted by the steel wire rope falls;
s4, the punching and grabbing drilling device impacts rock soil downwards under the action of gravity and a balance weight, and a grabbing shovel is inserted into the rock soil;
s5, extending a piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to drive a grabbing shovel to gather together, and grabbing the rock soil into a space with a closed lower end;
s6, starting the hoisting machine to lift the punching and grabbing drilling device to the outside of the hole, and controlling the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to contract, so that the grabbing shovel is separated again, and rock and soil are discharged;
and S7, repeating the steps S2 to S6 until the hole forming operation of the cast-in-place pile hole is completed.
The working process of the punching and grabbing drilling device is described in the following by combining an engineering example.
The punching and grabbing drilling device adopts a counterweight iron ball, the outer diameter of the counterweight iron ball is 1.7m, the inner diameter of the counterweight iron ball is 1.2m, the weight of the counterweight iron ball is 13 tons, the height of an upper cylinder body is 2.0m, the wall thickness of the upper cylinder body is 30mm, and the bottom of the counterweight iron ball is a steel plate back cover of 40 mm. The height of the lower cylinder body is 0.7m, and the wall thickness is 30 mm. The lower barrel 2 is uniformly distributed with 6 grabs along the circumferential direction, the length of the grabs 23 is 0.7m, and when the grabs 23 are completely separated, the outer diameter of the circumference formed by the grabs 23 is 1.8 m. Correspondingly, on the lower cylinder 2, a hydraulic cylinder 21 is provided corresponding to the position of each grapple 23.
As shown in fig. 5, the winch 100 lifts the punching and grabbing drilling device 300 into the casing 200 in the pile hole 400, completes rock and soil grabbing by lowering the punching and grabbing drilling device, guides the punching and grabbing drilling device to the upper side of the transport vehicle by lifting and using the traction rope 500, retracts the hydraulic cylinder 21, separates the grabbing shovel 23, and discharges the rock and soil onto the transport vehicle 600 of fig. 6.
It is to be noted that the hydraulic cylinder 21 described above may be replaced by a linear drive mechanism such as an air cylinder or an electric push rod. Other ways of using linear driving mechanism instead of hydraulic cylinder also belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A percussion and grab drilling apparatus, comprising:
the upper end surface of the upper cylinder body is provided with a hanging ring, and a space for accommodating a balance weight is arranged in the upper cylinder body;
the lower cylinder is coaxially connected with the upper cylinder;
the grabbing shovels are arranged at the lower end of the lower barrel in the circumferential direction, the upper ends of the grabbing shovels are hinged with the lower end of the lower barrel through first hinge points, the grabbing shovels rotate around the corresponding first hinge points respectively until the grabbing shovels are gathered together to form a space with a closed lower end, or rotate around the corresponding first hinge points respectively until the grabbing shovels are separated, so that a path for rock soil to enter is formed;
a plurality of connecting rods, one connecting rod corresponding to each grab shovel;
a plurality of linear driving mechanisms which correspond to each grab blade and are arranged on the outer wall of the lower cylinder body, a piston rod of each linear driving mechanism is hinged with one end of a connecting rod through a second hinge point, the other end of each connecting rod is hinged on the outer wall of the grab blade through a third hinge point,
a partition plate is arranged between the upper barrel body and the lower barrel body, the upper barrel body is provided with an upper cover, the counterweight is a sphere, the diameter of the sphere is 20 cm-30 cm smaller than the inner height of the upper barrel body, the diameter of the sphere is 1 cm-2 cm smaller than the inner diameter of the upper barrel body,
wherein, be provided with the annular arch that many vertical intervals set up on the inner wall of going up the barrel, be provided with the annular groove that many intervals set up on the outer wall of barrel down, and the quantity of annular groove is more than annular bellied quantity at least one more, and each annular arch embedding is in each annular groove for go up the barrel and link together with lower barrel.
2. The percussion drilling apparatus of claim 1,
the ball body is an iron ball, a solid iron ball is adopted in a pile hole with the pile diameter smaller than 1.2m, a hollow iron ball is adopted in a pile hole with the pile diameter larger than 1.2m, and the weight of the ball body is 5-15 tons.
3. The percussion drilling apparatus of claim 1,
the grab shovel is gradually reduced into tip ends from top to bottom, and when the grab shovel is gathered to be contacted with each tip end, a conical space with a closed lower end is formed.
4. The percussion drilling apparatus of claim 1,
the adjacent joint surfaces of the grab shovel are provided with mutually matched steps.
5. The percussion drilling apparatus of claim 1,
the linear driving mechanism is one of a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder and an electric push rod.
6. The use method of the punching and grabbing drilling device is used for punching and grabbing drilling by the punching and grabbing drilling device according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism contracts, the grab shovel is adjusted to be in a separated state, and a matched counterweight is added into the upper barrel according to the stratum structure of the position of the cast-in-place pile hole;
s2, hoisting the punching and grabbing drilling device by a winch through a steel wire rope, and moving the punching and grabbing drilling device to the position of a cast-in-place pile hole;
s3, the winch releases the steel wire rope, so that the punching and grabbing drilling device lifted by the steel wire rope falls;
s4, the punching and grabbing drilling device impacts rock soil downwards under the action of gravity and a balance weight, and a grabbing shovel is inserted into the rock soil;
s5, extending a piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to drive a grabbing shovel to gather together, and grabbing the rock soil into a space with a closed lower end;
s6, starting the hoisting machine to lift the punching and grabbing drilling device to the outside of the hole, and controlling the piston rod of the linear driving mechanism to contract, so that the grabbing shovel is separated again, and rock and soil are discharged;
and S7, repeating the steps S2 to S6 until the hole forming operation of the cast-in-place pile hole is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911037097.2A CN110984893B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Punching and grabbing drilling device and using method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911037097.2A CN110984893B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Punching and grabbing drilling device and using method thereof |
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| CN110984893B true CN110984893B (en) | 2021-12-24 |
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| CN114555888B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-01-31 | 成都欣皓地基基础工程有限责任公司 | Square pile construction method and equipment for rotary drilling rig |
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