CN109536688B - A kind of hydraulic vibration impact device and method - Google Patents
A kind of hydraulic vibration impact device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109536688B CN109536688B CN201811429888.5A CN201811429888A CN109536688B CN 109536688 B CN109536688 B CN 109536688B CN 201811429888 A CN201811429888 A CN 201811429888A CN 109536688 B CN109536688 B CN 109536688B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007709 nanocrystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开的一种液压振动冲击装置及方法，电机带动激波器快速转动，驱动液压油进入激波器，激波器的各个阀口快速打开或关闭，直接驱动液压缸带动振动机构上下振动，振动机构里面的小钢球以很高的速度撞击工件的表面，使得工件表面金属发生剧烈的塑形变形，金属材料表面的晶体组织逐渐细化到纳米量级，进而获得金属材料表面的纳米层。该装置采用液压高频振动的方式使表面产生较厚且均匀的纳米层，工作安全性好，容易实现过载保护；此外，液压传动装置的各元件之间仅靠管路连接，没有严格的定位要求，低损耗、通用化，有利于降低制造和维护的成本。
The invention discloses a hydraulic vibration impact device and method. The motor drives the shock wave to rotate rapidly, drives the hydraulic oil to enter the shock wave, and opens or closes each valve port of the shock wave quickly, and directly drives the hydraulic cylinder to drive the vibration mechanism to vibrate up and down. , the small steel ball in the vibration mechanism hits the surface of the workpiece at a high speed, causing severe plastic deformation of the metal on the surface of the workpiece, and the crystal structure on the surface of the metal material is gradually refined to the nanometer level, and then the nanometer surface of the metal material is obtained. Floor. The device uses hydraulic high-frequency vibration to produce a thick and uniform nano-layer on the surface, which has good work safety and is easy to achieve overload protection; in addition, the components of the hydraulic transmission device are only connected by pipelines, and there is no strict positioning. Requirements, low loss, generalization, help to reduce the cost of manufacturing and maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface grinding, in particular to a hydraulic vibration impact device and a method.
Background
The existing mechanical grinding surface nano-device is characterized in that a motor drives a cam to rotate through a flexible coupling, and a vibration box arranged on the cam vibrates up and down along with the cam, so that the surface of a workpiece is continuously impacted, and a finished product is finally obtained.
However, in the process of rapid reciprocating operation, the heat productivity of the mechanical structure is large, the temperature of the equipment can be rapidly increased, and the equipment has to stop working, so the working efficiency of the equipment is low; in addition, because the shaft of the motor and the shaft of the cam are connected through the coupler, the axis of the motor and the axis of the cam cannot coincide at any time, rigid connection cannot be used, and only the coupler can be used for flexible connection, so that the equipment has high loss speed, and in addition, the metal surface nanocrystallization effect of a final finished product is not ideal and needs to be improved.
In order to overcome the defects, the scheme is developed accordingly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic vibration impact device and a hydraulic vibration impact method, which adopt a hydraulic high-frequency vibration mode to generate a thicker and uniform nano layer on the surface, have good working safety and are easy to realize overload protection; in addition, all elements of the hydraulic transmission device are connected only by pipelines, strict positioning requirements are not required, the loss is low, the universality is realized, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is favorably reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a hydraulic vibration impact device comprises a motor, a coupler, a shock wave device, a base, a hydraulic pipe, an oil tank, a hydraulic cylinder, a vibration mechanism and a small steel ball, wherein the motor and the shock wave device are arranged on the base; the method is characterized in that: the shock wave device is a three-position four-way rotary valve and comprises an end cover, a through cover, a shell, a valve sleeve, a bearing and a mandrel; the end cover and the through cover are respectively assembled at two ends of the shell and are sealed with the shell to form an assembly cavity, the assembly cavity is used for placing the valve sleeve, the bearing and the mandrel, the through cover is provided with a shaft hole, the mandrel penetrates through the shaft hole and is connected with the motor through a coupler, the valve sleeve is arranged between the mandrel and the shell, the bearing and the sleeve are arranged between the valve sleeve and the end cover, and the bearing and the sleeve are also arranged between the valve sleeve and the through cover; the hollow groove is arranged in the mandrel, a slotted hole communicated with the hollow groove is formed in the mandrel body, two shaft sections are arranged in the middle of the mandrel body, each shaft section consists of a rectangular overflowing through hole and a curved surface groove which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the angle between the two shaft sections is staggered by 30 degrees, the rectangular overflowing through hole is communicated with the hollow groove, and the curved surface grooves are communicated with each other;
one side of the shell is provided with a valve port A and a valve port B, the other side of the shell is provided with a valve port P and a valve port T, the four valve ports are positioned on the same plane, and the valve sleeve is provided with a circular through hole at the position corresponding to the valve port A and the valve port B and a rectangular through hole at the position corresponding to the valve port P and the valve port T;
when the motor drives the mandrel to rotate through the coupler, the rectangular overflowing holes and the curved grooves on the mandrel corresponding to the valve port T and the valve port P are constantly changed, the valve port A is communicated with the curved grooves, and the valve port B is communicated with the empty groove through the slotted holes; the rapid rotation of the shock wave device has three states:
firstly, four valve ports of the shock wave device are not communicated; when the mandrel rotates to the middle of any rectangular overflowing through hole and any curved surface groove, the valve port P is just corresponding to the middle of a certain rectangular overflowing through hole and a curved surface groove, and at the moment, the four valve ports are not communicated;
secondly, a valve port P of the shock wave device is communicated with a valve port B, and a valve port T is communicated with a valve port A; when the valve port P corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole, the valve port T just corresponds to the curved surface groove, the valve port B corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole, and the valve port A corresponds to the curved surface groove, so that the valve port P and the valve port B are communicated with the empty groove in the mandrel through the rectangular overflowing through hole, and the valve port T and the valve port A are communicated through the curved surface groove outside the mandrel;
thirdly, a valve port P of the shock wave device is communicated with a valve port A, and a valve port T is communicated with a valve port B; when the valve port P corresponds to the curved surface groove, the valve port T just corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole, the valve port B corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole, and the valve port A corresponds to the curved surface groove, so that the valve port P is communicated with the valve port A, and the valve port T is communicated with the valve port B;
the valve port T and the valve port P of the shock wave device are connected with an oil tank through hydraulic pipes, the valve port A is connected with a rodless cavity valve port of the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pipe, and the valve port B of the shock wave device is connected with a rod cavity valve port of the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pipe; a vibration mechanism is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder, a workpiece is fixed in the vibration mechanism, and a plurality of small steel balls are placed below the workpiece by the vibration mechanism.
As a preferred scheme, the vibration mechanism comprises a vibration box cover, a vibration box body, a rocker, a screw rod and a clamp; the vibrating box cover is sealed at the top of the vibrating box body, the vibrating box body is cylindrical, the center of the bottom of the vibrating box body is connected with a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, the vibrating box cover is disc-shaped, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the vibrating box cover and used for being screwed with a lead screw, and a sealing hole is formed in the vibrating box cover and used for extracting air in the vibrating mechanism and finally sealing;
the rocker is a cylindrical short rod, one end of the short rod is provided with a ball, and the other end of the short rod is provided with a square hole perpendicular to the axis of the short rod and used for being connected with the lead screw and rotating the lead screw;
the fixture is arranged in the vibrating box body and comprises two disks which are fixed together one on top of the other, a boss is formed in the center of the upper disk, a rotary hole is formed in the center of the boss and is screwed with the lead screw, a square groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the lower disk, the size and the thickness of the square groove are slightly larger than those of a workpiece, the workpiece is placed in the square groove, and a communicated steel ball groove is formed below the square groove and used for placing a small steel ball.
The hydraulic variable pump and the electromagnetic overflow valve are sequentially connected between the oil tank and a valve port T of the shock wave device, and an oil return port of the electromagnetic overflow valve is connected with the oil tank through a hydraulic pipe.
According to the preferable scheme, a workbench is arranged below the vibration mechanism, the upper end of the workbench abuts against the vibration mechanism, the outer contour of the upper end of the workbench is square, a round cavity is formed in the middle of the workbench, a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the vibration box body through the round cavity, the upper end of the workbench is connected with the lower end of the workbench through angle steel, a boss is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the workbench, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the boss.
Preferably, an oil seal cover is arranged between the shaft hole of the through cover and the mandrel, and the oil seal cover is fixed on the through cover.
As the preferred scheme, the end cover is circular, and the end cover is equipped with the seal groove, seal groove installation sealing washer and casing assembly.
Preferably, a spring is sleeved on a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.
A hydraulic vibration impact method relates to a hydraulic vibration impact device, which comprises a motor, a coupler, a shock wave device, a base, a hydraulic pipe, an oil tank, a hydraulic cylinder, a vibration mechanism and a small steel ball, wherein the motor and the shock wave device are both arranged on the base; the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a vibration mechanism, a workpiece is fixed in the vibration mechanism, and a plurality of small steel balls are placed below the workpiece by the vibration mechanism, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a motor is started, the motor drives a shock wave device to rotate rapidly through a coupler, hydraulic oil is driven to enter the shock wave device, then, along with the rapid rotation of the shock wave device, each valve port of the shock wave device is opened or closed rapidly, a hydraulic cylinder is directly driven to drive a vibration mechanism to vibrate up and down, finally, a small steel ball below a workpiece impacts the surface of the workpiece at a high speed, so that metal on the surface of the workpiece is subjected to severe plastic deformation, the crystal structure on the surface of a metal material is gradually thinned to a nanometer level, and then a nanometer layer on the surface of the metal material is obtained.
After the scheme is adopted, the gain effect of the invention is as follows:
the invention has good working safety and is easy to realize overload protection;
the hydraulic component is convenient to design, manufacture and maintain, standardization, serialization and universalization are already realized, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is reduced;
the hydraulic transmission device is flexible to install, all elements of hydraulic transmission are connected only by pipelines, strict positioning requirements do not exist, and the hydraulic transmission device can be flexibly determined according to specific conditions;
the shock wave device of the invention always works in a full-opening state, has good dynamic characteristic and fast response speed, can reach very high frequency, and the vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism also reaches very high. Stepless speed regulation can be realized, and switching between different vibration frequencies is easy to realize, so that the vibration damper is suitable for different metal materials, and the optimal vibration effect is achieved. The invention adopts a hydraulic high-frequency vibration mode to ensure that the small steel ball has extremely high kinetic energy, can generate a thicker and uniform nano layer when impacting a workpiece, and has good nano effect.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vibration mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional structure of a shock absorber of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the inventive work table;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the vibration mechanism mounting table of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a hydraulic schematic of the present invention;
figure 7 is a top view in cross-section of a shock of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a shock absorber mandrel of the present invention;
figure 9 is a front view of the shock spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shock of the present invention;
figure 13 is a front view of the shock of the present invention;
figure 14 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the shock wave valve sleeve of the present invention;
figure 15 is a front elevational view of the valve housing of the shock absorber of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. 15;
figure 17 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a shock housing of the present invention;
figure 18 is a front elevational view of the shock housing of the present invention;
fig. 19 is a sectional view taken along the direction F-F in fig. 18.
Description of the reference symbols
1. An oil tank; 2. a hydraulic variable displacement pump; 3. an electromagnetic spill valve; 4. a frequency converter; 5. a motor; 6. a coupling; 7. a shock wave device; 8. a base; 9. a hydraulic tube; 10. a rocker; 11. a lead screw; 12 sealing the hole; 13. vibrating the box cover; 14. a first bolt; 15. vibrating the box body; 16. a clamp; 17. a second bolt; 18. a workpiece; 19. a small steel ball; 20. a spring; 21. a hydraulic cylinder; 22. a third bolt; 23. a work table; 24. a housing; 25. a valve housing; 26. a sleeve; 27. a bearing; 28. an end cap; 29. a first seal ring; 30. a sleeve; 31. a bearing; 32. a second seal ring; 33. through cover 34, mandrel; 35. rotating the sealing ring; 36. sealing the oil cover; 37. a fourth bolt; 341. a shaft end retainer ring clamping groove; 342. a pressure equalizing groove; 343. a slot; 344. a curved surface groove; 345. a rectangular through-flow via; 346. a curved surface groove; 347. a rectangular through-flow via; 348. a slot; 349. a shaft end retainer ring clamping groove; 3410. a keyway.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Referring to fig. 1-19, the hydraulic vibration impact device disclosed by the invention comprises a motor 5, a coupler 6, a shock wave device 7, a base 8, a hydraulic pipe 9, an oil tank 1, a hydraulic cylinder 21, a vibration mechanism and a small steel ball 19.
The shock wave device 7 is a rotary valve which can complete three-position four-way function, as shown in fig. 3, the shock wave device 7 mainly comprises a shell 24, a valve sleeve 25, a sleeve 26, a bearing 27, an end cover 28, a first sealing ring 29, a sleeve 30, a bearing 31, a second sealing ring 32, a through cover 33, a mandrel 34 and a rotary sealing ring 35.
As shown in fig. 18 and 19, the inside of the housing 24 is a circular through hole; as shown in fig. 7, for cooperation with the valve housing 25; the end cover 28 and the through cover 33 are respectively assembled at two ends of the shell 24, as shown in fig. 3, 12 and 13, 6 threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at the positions where the two ends of the shell 24 are respectively matched with the end cover 28 and the through cover 33, the end cover 28 is circular, a sealing ring is installed in the end cover and assembled with the shell 24, the 6 threaded holes are circumferentially arranged outside the end cover, and the end cover 28 and the shell 24, the shell 24 and the through cover 33 can be connected by a fourth bolt 37; the end cover 28, the through cover 33 and the housing 24 are closed to form an assembly cavity, the assembly cavity is used for placing the valve sleeve 25, the sleeves 26,30, the bearings 27,31 and the mandrel 34, the bearing 27 and the sleeve 26 are arranged between the valve sleeve 25 and the end cover 28, and the bearing 27 and the sleeve 30 are also arranged between the valve sleeve 25 and the through cover 33, as shown in fig. 7;
referring to fig. 7, 12 and 13, one side of the housing 24 is provided with a valve port a and a valve port B, the other side of the housing 24 is provided with a valve port P and a valve port T, the four valve ports are located on the same plane, the valve sleeve 25 is a cylinder, the inner diameters of the two end portions of the cylinder are large, and the inner diameter of the middle portion of the cylinder is small, as shown in fig. 14, 15 and 16, the valve sleeve 25 is provided with a circular through hole at the position corresponding to the valve port a and the valve port B, and a rectangular through hole at the position corresponding to the valve port P; and two symmetrical circular through holes and two annular grooves formed on the outer diameter of the valve sleeve 25 are formed at both end portions of the rectangular hole.
The valve port A, the valve port B, the valve port P and the valve port T are round holes with large outside diameter and small inside diameter, a step is arranged at the position where the diameter changes, the round holes are used for being connected with the hydraulic pipe 9, base bosses which are rectangular extend out of two sides of the bottom of the shell 24, round holes are processed on the base bosses, the round holes on the two sides are symmetrical and are used for being connected with threaded holes in the corresponding positions of the base 8 through bolts.
The through cover 33, in addition to the features of 27, adds a central shaft aperture through which the spindle 34 is keyed at one end and connected to the motor 5 by the coupling 6, as shown in figure 3.
An oil seal cover 36 is arranged between the shaft hole of the through cover 33 and the mandrel 34, the oil seal cover 36 is a circular cover with a circular hole in the middle, 4 threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the oil seal cover, the oil seal cover is connected with the through cover 33 through fifth bolts (not shown in the figure) and is used for assembling the oil seal cover 36 and the through cover 33 into a seal groove, and a rotary seal ring 35 is arranged in the seal groove.
The mandrel 34 is a cylinder and is placed in the valve housing 25, as shown in fig. 11, a hollow groove is formed in the mandrel 34, a groove hole 343,348 communicated with the hollow groove is formed in the body of the mandrel 34, as shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the bearing 27 and the sleeve 26 are installed on the shaft section where the shaft end retainer groove 341 is located, then the shaft end retainer is placed in the shaft end retainer groove 341 to limit axial displacement of the bearing 27 and the sleeve 26, the axial displacement is the same as that of the shaft end retainer groove 341, and the bearing 31 and the sleeve 30 are installed on the shaft section where the shaft end retainer groove 349 is located. As shown in fig. 8, a total of 4 pressure-equalizing groove portions, each having 5 pressure-equalizing grooves, are formed at the maximum outer diameter of the shaft 342. The middle part of the shaft body of the mandrel 34 is provided with two shaft sections which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed with a rectangular through-flow hole 345,347 and curved grooves 344 and 346, the two shaft sections are both composed of a rectangular through-flow hole 345,347 and curved grooves 344 and 346, the two parts have the same structure, the angle between the two shaft sections is staggered by 30 degrees, the rectangular through-flow hole 345,347 is communicated with the empty groove, and the curved grooves 344 and 346 are also communicated; when the motor 5 drives the spindle 34 to rotate through the coupler 6, the rectangular through-flow through holes and the curved grooves on the spindle 34 corresponding to the valve port T and the valve port P are constantly changed, the valve port a communicates with the curved grooves 346, and the valve port B communicates with the empty groove through the slot holes 343.
Except for the valve port A, the valve port B, the valve port P and the valve port T, the rest parts of the appearance of the shock wave device 7 are sealed, and the four valve ports are positioned on the same plane and are arranged at two sides of the shock wave device 7, so that the two sides of the shock wave device 7 are uniformly pressurized by internal liquid when in work. As shown in fig. 3, the rapid rotation of the shock 7 has three states,
firstly, four valve ports of the shock wave device 7 are not communicated; when the spindle 34 rotates to the middle of any rectangular through-flow hole 345 and the curved groove 344, the valve port P also corresponds to the middle of a rectangular through-flow hole 347 and the curved groove 346, and at the moment, the four valve ports are not communicated;
secondly, a valve port P of the shock wave device 7 is communicated with a valve port B, and a valve port T is communicated with the valve port A; when the valve port P corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole 347, the valve port T just corresponds to the curved groove 344, the valve port B corresponds to the rectangular overflowing through hole 345, and the valve port A corresponds to the curved groove 346, so that the valve port P and the valve port B are communicated with a round hole in the mandrel through the rectangular overflowing through hole, and the valve port T and the valve port A are communicated with each other through the curved groove outside the mandrel.
Thirdly, a valve port P of the shock wave device 7 is communicated with a valve port A, and a valve port T is communicated with a valve port B; when the valve port P corresponds to the curved groove 346, the valve port T corresponds to the rectangular through-flow hole 345, the valve port B corresponds to the rectangular through-flow hole 345, and the valve port A corresponds to the curved groove 346, so that the valve port P is communicated with the valve port A, and the valve port T is communicated with the valve port B.
The shock 7 is said to be a three-position, four-way rotary valve.
The vibration mechanism comprises a vibration box cover 13, a vibration box body 15, a rocker 10, a screw rod 11 and a clamp 16; the vibrating box cover 13 is sealed at the top of the vibrating box body 15;
the vibrating cover 13 is a disc-shaped cover as shown in fig. 2 and 5, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the vibrating cover 13 and is used for screwing with the lead screw 11, a boss is formed at the position where the central thread of the vibrating cover 13 is screwed with the lead screw, six threaded holes are formed in the boss, and after the rocker is removed, the boss is sealed by a sealing cover and the sealing cover is fixed by a sixth bolt (not shown in the figure). The outer ring of the vibrating box cover 13 is uniformly provided with 6 threaded holes, the upper surface of the vibrating box body 15 is provided with an annular round table, the 6 threaded holes are uniformly provided, the positions of the threaded holes correspond to the positions of the 6 threaded holes on the outer ring of the vibrating box cover 13, and the threaded holes can be connected with the vibrating box body 15 through first bolts 14. The vibration box cover 13 is formed with a sealing hole 12, the sealing hole 12 is a threaded hole processed on a cylindrical boss and is a through hole for connecting with a vacuum pump, extracting air in the vibration mechanism and sealing.
The vibration box 15, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, is a cylinder, and has a square base at the bottom, the area of the base is the same as the area of the outer contour of the lower working upper surface, and a threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower part of the base for screwing with the head of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is sleeved with a spring 20 to prevent the vibration box body 15 from colliding with the workbench 23.
The inner surface of the vibrating box cover 13 is provided with a sealing groove at the joint part of the vibrating box body 15, so that the sealing effect is better as the sealing strip is installed.
The rocker 10 is a cylindrical short rod having a round ball at one end and a square hole perpendicular to the axis of the short rod at the other end for connecting with the lead screw 11 and rotating the lead screw 11, as shown in fig. 5.
The clamp 16 is arranged in the vibration box body 15 and is composed of two disks, a boss is formed in the center of the upper disk, a rotary hole is formed in the center of the boss and is screwed with the lead screw 11, and 6 threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the outer ring of the upper disk. The outer ring of lower disc upper surface equipartition and the corresponding 6 screw holes of screw hole of last disc, fix upper and lower disc with second bolt 17, and then fix work piece 18 in anchor clamps 16, lower disc is opened at the middle part of upper surface has a square groove, and the size and the thickness of square groove are slightly big than the size and the thickness of work piece, just in time put into the work piece, are equipped with communicating steel ball groove in the below of square groove, supply little steel ball 19 to place, let little steel ball 19 can strike the lower surface of work piece 18.
The workpiece 18 is a square sheet that is placed in a square groove of the fixture 16.
A working table 23 is arranged below the vibration mechanism, as shown in fig. 4, the upper end of the working table 23 is a structural member with an outer square and an inner circle for supporting the vibration mechanism, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected with a threaded hole at the bottom of the vibration box body 15 through a circular cavity in the middle of the working table 23. The square plates at the lower end are connected with angle steel all around, a square convex seat is arranged in the middle of the square plate below the square plates, 4 threaded holes are formed in four corners of the convex seat, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the workbench through third bolts 22.
The base 8 is a rectangular plate, corresponding threaded holes in the motor 5 and the shock wave device 7 are formed in the plate, and the motor 5 and the shock wave device 7 are fixed on the base 8.
The device also comprises a hydraulic variable pump 2, an electromagnetic overflow valve 3 and a frequency converter 4, wherein the frequency converter 4 is installed on the motor 5, the hydraulic variable pump 2 and the electromagnetic overflow valve 3 are sequentially connected between the oil tank 1 and a valve port T of the shock wave device 7, and an oil return port of the electromagnetic overflow valve 3 is connected with the oil tank 1 through a hydraulic pipe 9.
After the scheme is adopted, the assembling steps of the invention are as follows:
fixing a workpiece 18 in a clamp 16 by using a second bolt 17, screwing the clamp 16 and the lower end of a lead screw 11, placing a small steel ball 19 into a vibration mechanism, screwing the lead screw 11 and a vibration box cover 13, fastening the vibration box cover 13 with a vibration box body 15 by using a first bolt 14, installing a rocker 10 at the upper end of the lead screw 11, screwing the lead screw 11 to a specified depth by using the rocker 10, taking down the rocker 10, sealing the screwed position of the central thread of the vibration box cover 13 and the lead screw 11 by using a sealing cover, and fixing the sealing cover after sealing. Air in the vibration mechanism is drawn through the sealing hole 12 by a vacuum pump and then sealed. The effect is that the small steel balls 19 impact the surface of the workpiece 18 to generate heat in the working process, so that the surface of the workpiece 18 is prevented from being oxidized, and the vacuum pumping is realized.
And II, screwing the upper end thread of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 with the threaded hole at the bottom of the vibration box body 15, and sleeving the spring 20 on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21.
And III, fixing the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 21 at the bottom of the workbench 23 through a third bolt 22.
And IV, connecting the motor 5 with a mandrel 34 of the shock wave device 7 by using a coupler 6, and connecting the motor 5 with the shock wave device 7 with the base 8.
And V, connecting the frequency converter 3 with a motor 5. The oil tank 1, the hydraulic variable pump 2, the electromagnetic relief valve 3, the shock absorber 7, and the hydraulic cylinder 21 are connected by the hydraulic pipe 9 according to fig. 6. The oil tank 1 is connected with the hydraulic variable pump 2 and the electromagnetic overflow valve 3, the electromagnetic overflow valve 3 is connected with a valve port T behind the shock wave device 7 to play a role of an oil supply pipeline for supplying oil to the shock wave device 7, and an oil return port of the electromagnetic overflow valve 3 and a valve port P behind the shock wave device are connected with the oil tank to play a role of oil return. A valve port A on the front side of the shock wave device 7 is connected with a valve port without a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 21 by a hydraulic pipe 9, and a valve port B on the front side of the shock wave device 7 is connected with a valve port with a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 21 by a hydraulic pipe 9. The resulting system structure is shown in fig. 1.
A hydraulic vibration impact method relates to the hydraulic vibration impact device, and comprises the following specific steps:
the motor 5 is started, the motor 5 drives the shock wave device 7 to rotate, then the hydraulic variable pump 2 is started, the oil tank 1 starts to supply oil to the system, signals are input into the motor 5 through the frequency converter 4, the motor 5 reaches a corresponding rotating speed, the motor 5 drives the shock wave device 7 to rotate rapidly, each valve port is opened or closed ceaselessly through the rapid rotation of the shock wave device 7, the shock wave device 7 always works in a full-opening state, the shock wave device 7 drives the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 to reciprocate rapidly, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the vibration box body 15 to vibrate up and down rapidly, small steel balls 19 impact the workpiece 18 with extremely high kinetic energy, a thick nano layer is formed on the surface of the workpiece 18, and metal surface nanocrystallization is achieved.
When the work is finished, the frequency signal of the frequency converter 4 is gradually reduced, so that the rotating speed of the motor 5 is reduced, then the hydraulic variable pump 2 is closed, and then the motor 5 is closed, so that the device is gradually stopped. After the device is cooled, the sealing hole 12 is opened, the sealing cover at the center of the upper surface of the vibrating box cover 13 is removed, the vibrating box cover 13 is opened, then the clamp 16 is opened, and the workpiece 18 is taken out to prepare for clamping the next workpiece.
The gain effect of the invention is that:
the invention has good working safety and is easy to realize overload protection;
the hydraulic component is convenient to design, manufacture and maintain, standardization, serialization and universalization are already realized, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is reduced;
the hydraulic transmission device is flexible to install, and all elements of the hydraulic transmission device are connected only by pipelines without strict positioning requirements and can be flexibly determined according to specific conditions;
the shock wave device of the invention always works in a full-opening state, has good dynamic characteristic and fast response speed, can reach very high frequency, and the vibration frequency of the vibration mechanism also reaches very high. Stepless speed regulation can be realized, and switching between different vibration frequencies is easy to realize, so that the vibration damper is suitable for different metal materials, and the optimal vibration effect is achieved. The invention adopts a hydraulic high-frequency vibration mode to ensure that the small steel ball has extremely high kinetic energy, can generate a thicker and uniform nano layer when impacting a workpiece, and has good nano effect.
The above are merely specific examples of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made according to the design idea of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.
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