CN110981429A - Soft porcelain product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Soft porcelain product and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110981429A
CN110981429A CN201911260785.5A CN201911260785A CN110981429A CN 110981429 A CN110981429 A CN 110981429A CN 201911260785 A CN201911260785 A CN 201911260785A CN 110981429 A CN110981429 A CN 110981429A
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soft
parts
ceramic
firing
glaze
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赖盈彤
赖永建
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a soft porcelain product and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of ceramics. The soft porcelain product comprises a soft clay layer and soft glaze, wherein the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft ceramic layer comprises the following components: soft metal, high-temperature resistant fiber, kaolin, potassium feldspar, silicon carbide, calcined zinc oxide, calcined talcum powder, waste ceramic, polyvinyl chloride resin, rectorite and pore-forming agent. The soft ceramic product has certain softness, low breaking performance and less damage to human body.

Description

Soft porcelain product and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a soft porcelain product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of modern science and technology, a plurality of new ceramic varieties appear in the last century. They no longer use or rarely use traditional ceramic raw materials such as clay, feldspar, quartz, etc., but use other special raw materials, even expand to the range of non-silicate, non-oxide, and have appeared many new processes.
The traditional ceramic product, whether daily ceramic, handicraft ceramic or building ceramic, is brittle and easy to break, and the broken part is easy to cut people. Ceramic products are almost a necessity for every household, and therefore, there is a need to develop a soft porcelain which not only reduces the possibility of breakage but also prevents the human body from being cut.
In summary, it is necessary to develop a soft porcelain which has low fragmentivity and is not easy to cut human body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a soft porcelain product which has certain softness and low breaking property and is not easy to cut human bodies.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the soft porcelain product comprises a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, wherein the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2 parts of soft metal, 0.5-1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 30-43 parts of kaolin, 12-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 7-9 parts of calcined talcum powder, 3-6 parts of waste ceramic, 4-8 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 1-3 parts of rectorite and 2-5 parts of pore-forming agent.
Further, the soft metal is aluminum.
Further, the high temperature resistant fiber is any one of PBO fiber or PMIA fiber.
Further, the pore-forming agent is graphene.
Further, the soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2 parts of soft metal, 0.5-1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 28-40 parts of kaolin, 11-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 11-15 parts of albite, 13-18 parts of quartz and 7-9 parts of talcum powder.
The preparation method of the soft glaze comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000-2500 meshes in parts by weight, mixing the crushed soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber with the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder to obtain a glaze mixture, and adjusting the baume degree of the glaze mixture to 43-46 to obtain the soft glaze.
The preparation method of the soft ceramic layer comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000-2500 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to 45-48 Baume degrees to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 3-5 days to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing the formed product obtained in the step S15, and naturally cooling to obtain a soft pottery clay layer;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, firing, and cooling to obtain the soft porcelain product.
7. The method for preparing soft porcelain according to claim 6, wherein the firing temperature of S16 is 700-850 ℃ and the firing time is 2-3 h.
8. The method for preparing soft porcelain according to claim 6, wherein in the firing process of S17, when the temperature is raised to 1280-1300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 50-70 min, and then the soft porcelain is naturally cooled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, kaolin and potash feldspar are used as main skeleton structure components of the ceramic layer of the soft ceramic product, and a small amount of high temperature resistant fibers are added, the high temperature resistant fibers not only can enable the pottery clay layer to have a high temperature resistant effect, but also have an effect of enhancing the strength of the pottery clay layer and prevent cracking, the kaolin and potash feldspar are used as the main skeleton structure components of the ceramic layer of the soft glaze layer, and a small amount of high temperature resistant fibers are added, the high temperature resistant fibers not only can enable the pottery clay layer to have a high temperature resistant effect, but also have an effect of enhancing the strength of the pottery clay layer and prevent cracking;
secondly, soft metal is added into the soft pottery clay layer and the soft glaze, so that the ceramic has certain softness, and meanwhile, in order to further improve the soft effect of the ceramic, the graphene is used as a pore-forming agent and then is matched with rectorite used as a dispersing agent, so that the polyvinyl chloride resin is uniformly dispersed in the soft pottery clay layer, the soft effect of the pottery clay layer is improved, and the prepared ceramic product is prevented from cutting a human body after being crushed;
and thirdly, when the soft argil layer is manufactured, waste ceramics are added, namely unqualified ceramic product materials are recycled, so that energy is saved, the cost is reduced, and sustainable development is achieved.
Detailed Description
The raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available products.
Example 1
The soft porcelain product comprises a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5 parts of soft metal, 0.5 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 30 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of potassium feldspar, 6 parts of silicon carbide, 10 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 7 parts of calcined talcum powder, 3 parts of waste ceramic, 4 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 1 part of rectorite and 2 parts of pore-forming agent.
The soft metal is aluminum, the high-temperature resistant fiber is PBO fiber, and the pore-forming agent is graphene.
The soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5 parts of soft metal, 0.5 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 28 parts of kaolin, 11 parts of potassium feldspar, 11 parts of albite, 13 parts of quartz and 7 parts of talcum powder.
The preparation method of the soft glaze comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000 meshes according to the parts by weight, then mixing the crushed soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber with the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder to obtain a glaze mixture, and then adjusting the baume degree of the glaze mixture to 43-46 to obtain the soft glaze.
The preparation method of the soft ceramic layer comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000-2500 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to 45 Baume degrees to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 3d to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing is carried out on the molded product obtained in the step S15, the firing temperature is 700 ℃, the firing time is 2 hours, and then natural cooling is carried out, so that the soft pottery clay layer is obtained;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, and firing, wherein in the firing process, when the temperature is raised to 1280 ℃, the temperature is kept for 50min, and then the soft argil layer is naturally cooled to obtain a soft porcelain product.
Example 2
The soft porcelain product comprises a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.6 parts of soft metal, 0.6 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 35 parts of kaolin, 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 7 parts of silicon carbide, 11 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 8 parts of calcined talcum powder, 4 parts of waste ceramic, 5 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 2 parts of rectorite and 3 parts of pore-forming agent.
The soft metal is aluminum, the high-temperature resistant fiber is PBO fiber, and the pore-forming agent is graphene.
The soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.6 parts of soft metal, 0.6 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 32 parts of kaolin, 12 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of albite, 14 parts of quartz and 8 parts of talcum powder.
The preparation method of the soft glaze comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000 meshes according to the parts by weight, then mixing the crushed soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber with the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder to obtain a glaze mixture, and then adjusting the baume degree of the glaze mixture to 43-46 to obtain the soft glaze.
The preparation method of the soft ceramic layer comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to be 46 Baume degrees to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 4d to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing is carried out on the molded product obtained in the step S15, the firing temperature is 750 ℃, the firing time is 2.3 hours, and then natural cooling is carried out, so that the soft pottery clay layer is obtained;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, and firing, wherein in the firing process, when the temperature is raised to 1285 ℃, the temperature is kept for 60min, and then the soft porcelain product is obtained after natural cooling and cooling.
Example 3
The soft porcelain product comprises a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.8 parts of soft metal, 0.8 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 38 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 9 parts of silicon carbide, 13 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 9 parts of calcined talcum powder, 5 parts of waste ceramic, 7 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 3 parts of rectorite and 4 parts of pore-forming agent.
The soft metal is aluminum, the high-temperature resistant fiber is PBO fiber, and the pore-forming agent is graphene.
The soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.8 parts of soft metal, 0.8 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 38 parts of kaolin, 14 parts of potassium feldspar, 14 parts of albite, 14 parts of quartz and 8 parts of talcum powder.
The preparation method of the soft glaze comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2500 meshes in parts by weight, mixing the crushed soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber with the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder to obtain a glaze mixture, and adjusting the baume degree of the glaze mixture to 43-46 to obtain the soft glaze.
The preparation method of the soft ceramic layer comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2500 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to be baume degree 47 to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 5d to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing is carried out on the molded product obtained in the step S15, the firing temperature is 800 ℃, the firing time is 3 hours, and then natural cooling is carried out, so that the soft pottery clay layer is obtained;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, and firing, wherein in the firing process, the temperature is kept for 65min when the temperature is raised to 1290 ℃, and then the soft argil layer is naturally cooled to obtain a soft porcelain product.
Example 4
The soft porcelain product comprises a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of soft metal, 1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 43 parts of kaolin, 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 11 parts of silicon carbide, 15 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 9 parts of calcined talcum powder, 6 parts of waste ceramic, 8 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 3 parts of rectorite and 5 parts of pore-forming agent.
The soft metal is aluminum, the high-temperature resistant fiber is PBO fiber, and the pore-forming agent is graphene.
The soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of soft metal, 1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 40 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of albite, 18 parts of quartz and 9 parts of talcum powder.
The preparation method of the soft glaze comprises the following steps:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2500 meshes in parts by weight, mixing the crushed soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber with the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the sodium feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder to obtain a glaze mixture, and adjusting the baume degree of the glaze mixture to 43-46 to obtain the soft glaze.
The preparation method of the soft ceramic layer comprises the following steps:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2500 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to 48 Baume degrees to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 5d to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing is carried out on the molded product obtained in the step S15, the firing temperature is 850 ℃, the firing time is 3 hours, and then natural cooling is carried out, so that the soft pottery clay layer is obtained;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, and firing, wherein in the firing process, the temperature is kept for 70min when the temperature is increased to 1300 ℃, and then the soft porcelain product is obtained after natural cooling and cooling.
The soft porcelain products prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results were as follows:
table 1: results of testing the soft porcelain products obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Figure BDA0002311528230000101
As can be seen from Table 1, the soft porcelain products prepared in examples 1 to 4 have excellent thermal shock resistance, low lead and chromium elution amount, and meet the standard requirements, and the soft porcelain products can slightly feel soft when being lightly pressed.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. The soft porcelain product is characterized by comprising a soft pottery clay layer and soft glaze, wherein the soft glaze is fixedly attached to the outer layer of the soft ceramic layer, and the soft pottery clay layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2 parts of soft metal, 0.5-1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 30-43 parts of kaolin, 12-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-11 parts of silicon carbide, 10-15 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 7-9 parts of calcined talcum powder, 3-6 parts of waste ceramic, 4-8 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 1-3 parts of rectorite and 2-5 parts of pore-forming agent.
2. The soft ceramic article according to claim 1 wherein the soft metal is aluminum.
3. The soft ceramic article according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature resistant fiber is any one of PBO fiber or PMIA fiber.
4. The soft ceramic article according to claim 1 wherein the pore former is graphene.
5. The soft porcelain article according to claim 1, wherein the soft glaze layer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1.5-2 parts of soft metal, 0.5-1 part of high-temperature resistant fiber, 28-40 parts of kaolin, 11-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 11-15 parts of albite, 13-18 parts of quartz and 7-9 parts of talcum powder.
6. The method of making the soft ceramic article of claim 1 wherein the soft ceramic layer is made by a process comprising the steps of:
s11, preparing a first mixture:
respectively crushing the soft metal and the high-temperature resistant fiber to 2000-2500 meshes in parts by mass, and then mixing to obtain a first mixture;
s12, preparing ceramic slurry:
according to the mass parts, uniformly mixing and crushing the kaolin, the potassium feldspar, the silicon carbide, the calcined zinc oxide, the calcined talcum powder, the waste ceramic, the polyvinyl chloride resin, the rectorite and the pore-forming agent, and adjusting the concentration to 45-48 Baume degrees to obtain ceramic slurry;
s13, preparing a second mixture:
mixing and uniformly stirring the first mixture obtained in the step S11 and the ceramic slurry obtained in the step S12, and then removing water to obtain a second mixture;
s14, pugging:
pugging the second mixture obtained in the step S13 to obtain pug;
s15, molding:
preparing the pug obtained in the step S14 into a molded product, and naturally drying for 3-5 days to obtain the molded product;
s16, bisque firing:
biscuit firing the formed product obtained in the step S15, and naturally cooling to obtain a soft pottery clay layer;
s17, glazing and firing:
and coating the soft glaze on the outer surface of the soft argil layer obtained in the step S16, firing, and cooling to obtain the soft porcelain product.
7. The method for preparing soft porcelain according to claim 6, wherein the firing temperature of S16 is 700-850 ℃ and the firing time is 2-3 h.
8. The method for preparing a soft porcelain according to claim 6, wherein in the firing process of S17, the temperature is kept constant for 50-70 min when the temperature is raised to 1280-1300 ℃.
CN201911260785.5A 2019-12-10 2019-12-10 Soft porcelain product and preparation method thereof Pending CN110981429A (en)

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