CN110976331B - Tray type fruit weight detection and classification system - Google Patents
Tray type fruit weight detection and classification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110976331B CN110976331B CN201911348878.3A CN201911348878A CN110976331B CN 110976331 B CN110976331 B CN 110976331B CN 201911348878 A CN201911348878 A CN 201911348878A CN 110976331 B CN110976331 B CN 110976331B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/16—Sorting according to weight
- B07C5/28—Sorting according to weight using electrical control means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/009—Sorting of fruit
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a tray type fruit weight detection and classification system, which comprises: the fruit unloading device comprises an independent tray for conveying fruits, a weighing mechanism, a first fruit unloading mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an upper computer; the independent tray comprises a base and a tray movably arranged on the base; the weighing mechanism is used for acquiring weight information of the tray and fruits on the tray, and the PLC is used for sending the acquired weight information to the upper computer; the upper computer is used for correlating the pre-acquired tray number with the weight grade information to acquire a weight grading result; the PLC controller is also used for controlling the corresponding action of the first fruit unloading mechanism based on the tray number and the weight grading result. This tray formula fruit weight detects grading system can realize detecting and grading to the quick automatic weight of fruit especially jumbo size fruit such as watermelon, Hami melon, shaddock etc..
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a tray type fruit weight detection and classification system.
Background
The fruit quality can be effectively improved through the commercialized grading treatment after the fruit is picked, the market competitiveness of the fruits is improved, and the profits of related fruit production enterprises can be further increased.
Weight is one of the most common quality grading standards for fruits, and is particularly suitable for quality detection and grading of large-size fruits such as watermelon, melon, grapefruit and the like. At present, China develops a system or a core component for automatically detecting and grading the quality of some fruits such as oranges, mandarins and the like.
However, these systems are not very suitable for the detection and grading of the weight of the large-size fruits, so that the detection of the weight of the large-size fruits still adopts manual single weighing, is time-consuming, labor-consuming and inefficient, indirectly increases the selling price of the fruits due to higher employee cost, further reduces the market competitiveness of the fruits, and is not beneficial to the long-term development of fruit processing enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a tray type fruit weight detection grading system and method, which are used for solving or partially solving the problem that the existing detection grading system cannot detect and grade large-size fruits.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tray type fruit weight detection and classification system, including: the fruit unloading device comprises an independent tray for conveying fruits, a weighing mechanism, a first fruit unloading mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an upper computer;
the independent tray comprises a base and a tray movably arranged on the base; the weighing mechanism is used for acquiring weight information of the tray and fruits on the tray, and the PLC is used for sending the acquired weight information to the upper computer; the upper computer is used for correlating the pre-acquired tray number with the weight grade information to acquire a weight grading result; the PLC is also used for controlling the corresponding action of the first fruit unloading mechanism based on the tray number and the weight grading result.
On the basis of the scheme, the tray comprises a hollow tray body, and pin shaft mounting bosses and vertically-arranged tray supporting rods are respectively mounted on two opposite sides of the bottom of the tray body; the base comprises a base body, and a base boss which is matched with the pin shaft mounting boss and is provided with a groove-shaped through hole is arranged on the base body; the first fruit unloading mechanism is in separable contact with the tray supporting rod.
On the basis of the scheme, the bottom of the tray body is rotatably provided with the unpowered support roller, and the unpowered support roller is in contact with the fruits in the tray body.
On the basis of the scheme, the base body is provided with a base lug, the base lug is provided with an arc-shaped through hole, and the bottom of the tray body is provided with a cantilever boss matched with the arc-shaped through hole.
On the basis of the scheme, the first fruit unloading mechanism comprises a transition connecting plate which is obliquely arranged, the transition connecting plate is connected with a corner motor so that the transition connecting plate can rotate on an inclined surface by a preset angle, the PLC is in signal connection with the corner motor, and the transition connecting plate is in separable contact with the tray supporting rod.
On the basis of the scheme, the tray type fruit weight detection and classification system further comprises a second fruit unloading mechanism, and the second fruit unloading mechanism comprises an arc-shaped guide rail which is in contact with the tray supporting rod.
On the basis of the scheme, the weighing mechanism comprises two weighing plates which are in separable contact with the tray body, the surfaces of the weighing plates are in arc shapes, and a weighing sensor is arranged on any one of the weighing plates.
On the basis of the scheme, the tray type fruit weight detection grading system further comprises a conveying chain connected with the base body.
On the basis of the scheme, the tray type fruit weight detection and classification system further comprises a correlation photoelectric switch and an industrial camera for acquiring the image of the independent tray;
the transmitter and the receiver of the correlation photoelectric switch are respectively arranged on two sides of the independent tray; the correlation photoelectric switch is connected with the PLC through signals, and the industrial camera is connected with the upper computer through signals.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tray type fruit weight detection and classification method, including: obtaining weight grade information based on the weight information of the tray and the fruit on the tray, and associating a tray number obtained in advance with the weight grade information to obtain a weight grading result;
distributing the fruits on the independent trays to corresponding receiving troughs based on the tray numbers and the weight grading results;
the independent tray for conveying the fruits comprises a base and a tray movably mounted on the base.
The embodiment of the invention provides a tray type fruit weight detection grading system and method, which are based on weight information of a tray and fruits on the tray to obtain weight grade information, and correlate a pre-obtained tray number with the weight grade information to obtain a weight grading result; based on tray serial number and weight grading result in the fruit that is located independent tray distribute to corresponding receipts silo, can realize that the quick automatic weight that can realize fruit especially jumbo size fruit like watermelon, Hami melon, shaddock etc. detects and grades, and fruit can realize smooth transition between each function such as carrying, weight detection, unloading fruit, is difficult for haring fruit, and overall design simple structure is reasonable, and use and maintenance are convenient, and is with low costs, easily promotes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pallet return support installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second fruit unloading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a gear motor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first fruit unloading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of a material receiving groove according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a self-contained pallet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an unpowered support roller according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an arcuate rail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the first fruit unloading mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first fruit unloading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a second fruit unloading mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the mounting of a weighing mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a weighing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 18 is a flow chart of a tray type fruit weight detecting and grading method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an independent tray; 2. a tray support bar; 3. the 0 th group of photoelectric switches; 4. the 1 st group is to photoelectric switch; 5. the 2 nd group is photoelectric switches; 6. 0 th industrial camera; 7. 1 st industrial camera; 8. a 2 nd industrial camera; 9. a weighing mechanism; 12. an unpowered transition roller; 13. a first fruit unloading mechanism; 14. a second fruit unloading mechanism; 15. a material receiving groove; 16. a reduction motor; 17. fruits; 18. a guide rail; 19. a conveyor chain; 20. feeding guard plates; 21. a feeding conveyer belt; 22. a tray reset support; 23. a tray; 24. a base; 25. an unpowered support roller; 26. a pin shaft; 27. a weighing boss; 28. a tray support bar; 29. an unpowered support roller mounting plate; 30. mounting a boss on the pin shaft; 31. a cantilever; 32. a cantilever boss; 33. a U-shaped base clamping groove; 34. a base lug; 35. a base boss; 36. a guide rail; 37. a support plate; 38. a limiting bulge; 39. a transition connecting plate; 40. a corner motor; 41. guiding the concave track; 42. a weighing plate; 43. a weighing sensor; 44. a fixing frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the fruit unloading device comprises an independent tray 1 for conveying fruits, a weighing mechanism 9, a first fruit unloading mechanism 13, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an upper computer;
the independent tray 1 comprises a base 24 and a tray 23 movably arranged on the base 24; the weighing mechanism is used for acquiring weight information of the tray 23 and the fruits 17 on the tray 23, and the PLC is used for sending the acquired weight information to the upper computer; the upper computer is used for correlating the pre-acquired tray number with the weight grade information to acquire a weight grading result; the PLC controller is also used for controlling the corresponding action of the first fruit unloading mechanism 13 based on the tray number and the weight grading result.
Wherein, any tray 23 is provided with a unique mark, and the tray is identified by the mark, and the mark can be one or more of numbers, letters and symbols.
It should be noted that the tray type fruit weight detection and classification system also comprises a correlation photoelectric switch and an industrial camera for acquiring images of the independent trays;
the emitter and the receiver of the correlation photoelectric switch are respectively arranged at two sides of the independent tray 1; the correlation photoelectric switch is connected with the PLC through signals, and the industrial camera is connected with the upper computer through signals.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, the tray 23 includes a hollow tray body, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the tray body, and the size of the through hole is required to ensure that the fruit does not pass through the through hole, i.e. the fruit does not fall off the tray;
the opposite two sides of the bottom of the tray body are respectively provided with a pin shaft mounting boss 30 and a tray supporting rod 28 which is vertically arranged, namely, one side of the bottom of the tray body is provided with two pin shaft mounting bosses 30 which are symmetrically arranged, and the bottom of each pin shaft mounting boss 30 is provided with a through hole; a tray supporting rod 28 which is vertically arranged is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the tray body, and the bottom of the tray supporting rod 28 is in a sharp-angled shape;
the base 24 comprises a base body, and a base boss 35 which is matched with the pin shaft mounting boss 30 and is provided with a groove-shaped through hole is arranged on the upper surface of the base body; the base boss 35 is placed between the two pin shaft mounting bosses 30, and the base boss 35 and the pin shaft mounting bosses 30 are assembled together through the pin shaft 26; the base boss 35 and the pin shaft mounting boss 30 can be rotatably connected, and the pin shaft mounting boss 30 can move upwards and downwards along the groove-shaped through hole;
the bottom of the tray body is rotatably provided with an unpowered support roller 25, and the unpowered support roller 25 is in contact with the fruits in the tray body; wherein, the bottom of the tray body is provided with two unpowered supporting roller mounting plates which are symmetrically arranged, the two unpowered supporting roller mounting plates 29 are respectively positioned at two sides of the through hole, and the unpowered supporting rollers 25 are vertically arranged with the base boss 35;
in addition, the function of the unpowered supporting roller 25 is that when the fruit, especially the large-size fruit, moves from the feeding conveyer belt 21 to the first independent tray 1, the unpowered supporting roller 25 is inevitably pushed to rotate under the action of gravity, and then the fruit is stably placed in the tray under the driving of the unpowered supporting roller 25, thereby ensuring the stable conveying of the fruit.
In order to limit the rotation angle of the tray body around the pin shaft 26, two base lugs 34 which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the upper surface of the base body, and an arc-shaped through hole is formed in any one base lug and extends towards one side of the base boss 35; the bottom of tray body is equipped with two cantilevers 31 with the symmetrical arrangement of arc through-hole looks adaptation, and the bottom of arbitrary cantilever 31 all is provided with cantilever boss 32. The cantilever 31 is positioned in the middle position of the tray supporting rod 28 and the pin shaft mounting boss 30, and the two cantilevers 31 are positioned at the two sides of the unpowered supporting roller 25, when the tray body rotates around the pin shaft 26, the cantilever boss 32 moves in the arc-shaped through hole;
it should be noted that the lower surface of the base body is provided with a U-shaped base slot 33, and the power source is connected to the U-shaped base slot 33 so that the independent tray 1 can move in a certain direction.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, the first fruit unloading mechanism includes a transition connection plate 39 arranged obliquely, the transition connection plate 39 is connected with a corner motor 40 to rotate the transition connection plate 39 on the inclined surface by a preset angle, the PLC controller is connected with the corner motor 40 by a signal, and the transition connection plate 39 is in separable contact with the tray support rod 28.
The first fruit unloading mechanism further comprises a guide concave track 41 and a guide rail 36, one side of the inlet end of the guide rail 36 is provided with a supporting plate 37 which is obliquely arranged, a limiting bulge can be arranged on the supporting plate 37, the other side of the inlet end of the guide rail 36 is provided with a limiting plate which is vertically arranged, and the limiting plate can be provided with a limiting bulge 38; the transition connecting plate 39 is arranged at the joint of the guide concave track 41 and the guide rail 36, the transition connecting plate 39 is contacted with the limiting bulge on the supporting plate 37 when rotating along one direction on the inclined surface so as to stop rotating, and the transition connecting plate 39 is contacted with the limiting bulge on the limiting plate when rotating along the other direction on the inclined surface so as to stop rotating.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 15, the tray type fruit weight detecting and grading system further includes a second fruit unloading mechanism 14 for unloading the outer-level fruit, and the second fruit unloading mechanism 14 includes an arc-shaped guide rail contacting with the tray support rod 28.
Wherein, the tray support rod 28 moves along the surface of the arc-shaped guide rail, and when the tray support rod 28 moves to the highest point on the arc-shaped guide rail, the tray 23 will be inclined, so as to discharge the fruit 17 in the tray 23.
It will be appreciated that as shown in figures 16 and 17, the weighing mechanism includes two weigh plates 42 in separable contact with the pallet body, one of the weigh plates 42 being located on one side of the pallet body and the other weigh plate 42 being located on the other side of the pallet body, the surface of the weigh plate 42 being in the shape of a circular arc, and the lower surface of either weigh plate 42 being provided with a load cell 43.
Wherein, the weighing mechanism still includes the mount 44 that is the U type, and a weighing sensor 43 links to each other with a supporting part of mount, and another weighing sensor 43 links to each other with another supporting part of mount. Correspondingly, the bottom of the tray body is provided with two weighing bosses 27 which are symmetrically arranged, wherein one weighing boss 27 corresponds to one weighing plate 42, and the other weighing boss 27 corresponds to the other weighing plate 42.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the independent tray 1 in the tray type fruit weight detecting and grading system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is driven by a conveying chain, the U-shaped base clamping groove 33 is connected with the conveying chain 19, the conveying chain 19 is disposed on the guide rail 18, the U-shaped base clamping groove 33 is clamped on the guide rail 18, and the endless conveying chain 19 is driven by the speed reducing motor 16 to rotate circularly. When fruits are conveyed forwards under the action of the feeding conveyor belt 21, the feeding guard plates 20 on two sides of the feeding conveyor belt 21 can block the fruits to avoid the fruits from falling off, when the fruits are actually used, the distance between the two side guard plates is adjusted to be suitable for the single fruits to pass through so as to ensure the single fruits to be conveyed forwards, an unpowered transition roller 12 is arranged between the feeding conveyor belt 21 and the independent tray 1 to further reduce the fruit damage caused by the height difference between the feeding conveyor belt 21 and the independent tray 1, meanwhile, the weight of large-size fruits (such as watermelons) is large, instability can exist when the fruits are conveyed to the first independent tray 1 or the first independent trays from the feeding conveyor belt 21, and therefore, the tray support bars 2 are arranged on two sides below the first independent trays 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, a 0 th group of photoelectric switches 3, a 0 th industrial camera 6, a 1 st group of photoelectric switches 4, a 1 st industrial camera 7, a first fruit unloading mechanism, a 2 nd group of photoelectric switches 5, a 2 nd industrial camera, a second first fruit unloading mechanism and a second fruit unloading mechanism are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the independent tray 1; wherein, a weighing mechanism 9 is arranged at the 0 th industrial camera 6.
As shown in fig. 7, the first fruit unloading mechanism, the second first fruit unloading mechanism and the second fruit unloading mechanism are respectively provided with a fruit receiving slot 15, and taking the fruit receiving slot 15 corresponding to the first fruit unloading mechanism as an example for explanation, the fruit receiving slot 15 at the first fruit unloading mechanism and the first fruit unloading mechanism are respectively located at two sides of the conveying chain 19; and, a tray return supporting member 22 is provided near the receiving trough 15, that is, the receiving trough 15 and the tray return supporting member 22 are located on the same side of the conveying chain 19.
As will be illustrated below, the fruit in the tray 23 first passes through the 0 th group photoelectric switch 3, if there is no fruit in the tray 23, the 0 th group photoelectric switch 3 will always be in the off state, if there is fruit in the tray 23, when the independent tray 1 with fruit passes through the 0 th group photoelectric switch 3, due to the blocking of the fruit in the tray 23 to the photoelectric switch signal, the 0 th group photoelectric switch 3 will be turned on, the 0 th group photoelectric switch 3 will transmit a signal to the PLC controller, the PLC controller will transmit a signal to the upper computer, the time delay T1 ms, the upper computer will start the 0 th industrial camera and shoot the image of the digital number of the side of the tray 23 with fruit, the upper computer will obtain the tray number based on the image, and at the same time, the tray 23 with fruit is just above the weighing plate 42 of the weighing mechanism 9, delaying T2 ms, the PLC controller reading the weight information measured by the weighing sensor 43 in the weighing mechanism 9, the PLC controller recoding the weight information in hexadecimal and sending to the upper computer, the upper computer reading and decoding the hexadecimal coded weight information, judging the grade of the extracted weight information according to the preset fruit weight grading standard (for example, the embodiment takes the weight detection of watermelon as an example, the weight information is more than or equal to 4kg and less than 5kg as the 1 st grade, the weight information is more than or equal to 3.5kg and less than 4kg as the 2 nd grade, and all other grades are equal outer grades), the upper computer associating the tray number with the weight grade information and sending to the PLC controller, the PLC controller decoding the detection result after receiving the tray number and storing the grade result into the array Rn (n is the tray number) corresponding to the tray number value, for example, if the detected watermelon has the weight of 3.8kg, then the watermelon belongs to level 2 and the tray number of the individual tray 1 carrying the watermelon is 25, then the array Rn is R25 and the value present in the array is 2 (representing a level 2 fruit).
The independent tray 1 with the watermelons continues to move forwards and passes through the first correlation photoelectric switch at the fruit unloading position, namely the 1 st group of correlation photoelectric switches 4, similarly, because the 1 st group of correlation photoelectric switches 4 are started due to the blocking of fruits in the tray 23 to the correlation photoelectric switch signals, the 1 st group of correlation photoelectric switches 4 transmit the signals to the PLC controller, the PLC controller transmits the signals to the upper computer, the time delay is T3 milliseconds, the upper computer starts the 1 st industrial camera and shoots the images of the digital numbers of the side surfaces of the tray 23 with the watermelons, the images of the digital numbers are transmitted to the upper computer, the upper computer processes the images of the digital numbers and extracts the tray numbers 25 and transmits the numbers to the PLC controller, the PLC controller detects whether the numerical values existing in the array Rn of the corresponding number values, namely R25 are 1, if yes, the watermelons in the tray 23 are 1-grade fruits, it is clear that in this embodiment, the value of 2, i.e. second fruit, is present in R25, and therefore the first fruit discharging mechanism in the first fruit discharging position has no discharging action;
when entering the 1 st-level unloading station, the independent tray 1 moves forward all the time, meanwhile, the tray supporting rod 28 of the independent tray 1 enters the guiding concave track 41, the notch at the inlet end of the guiding concave track 41 is larger, so that the tray supporting rod 28 can slide into the guiding concave track 41 more easily and accurately, and is conveyed together with the independent tray 1 through the notch at the front end of the guide rail 36 connected with the guiding concave track 41, at this time, the transition connecting plate 39 is positioned at one side of the supporting plate 37, and the corner motor 40 is in a closed state;
the independent tray 1 with the watermelons continues to move forwards and passes through the opposite photoelectric switch at the second fruit unloading position, namely the 2 nd group of opposite photoelectric switches 5, similarly, because the fruits in the tray block the opposite photoelectric switch signals, the 2 nd group of opposite photoelectric switches 5 are started, the 2 nd group of opposite photoelectric switches 5 transmit the signals to the PLC controller, the PLC controller transmits the signals to the upper computer, the time delay is T3 milliseconds, the upper computer starts the 2 nd industrial camera 8 and shoots the images of the digital numbers of the side surfaces of the tray 23 with the watermelons, the images of the digital numbers are transmitted to the upper computer, the upper computer processes the images of the digital numbers and extracts the tray numbers 25 and transmits the numbers to the PLC controller, the PLC controller detects whether the numerical values existing in the array Rn of the corresponding number values, namely R25, are 2, if yes, the watermelons in the fruit tray are 2-grade fruits, obviously, in the embodiment, the value present in R25 is 2, a secondary fruit;
thus, the second first fruit discharge mechanism in the second fruit discharge position will perform the discharge action. Specifically, upon entering the 2 nd stage discharging station, the individual pallet 1 is moved all the way forward, and at the same time, the pallet support bar 28 of the individual pallet 1 is moved into the guide concave rail 41, meanwhile, the corner motor 40 drives the transition connection plate 39 to rotate to the right under the control of the PLC controller to seal the notch at the front end of the upper guide rail 36, which is connected to the guide concave rail 41, so that, the tray support rod 28 of the independent tray 1 with watermelon moves upwards along the transition connecting plate 39, at this time, the tray 23 of the independent tray 1 is lifted towards the discharging side, the watermelon in the tray falls into the receiving trough 15 with the corresponding grade, after the discharging is finished, the empty independent tray 1 moves forwards all the time to the tray reset supporting piece 22, the fruit unloading side of the tray 23 of the independent tray 1 moves along the tray reset supporting piece 22 and is gradually lifted, and the reset of the tray 23 is completed.
In the present embodiment, only two levels are provided, and if a plurality of levels are divided, the principle of classification is similar. If the classified watermelon cannot be classified to a proper grade, the watermelon is judged to be an equal outer grade, and because the width of the arc-shaped guide rail of the second fruit unloading mechanism 14 is larger than that of the supporting tray supporting rod 28 at the equal outer grade unloading position, when the independent tray 1 (whether carrying fruits or not) passes through the second fruit unloading mechanism 14, the supporting tray rod 28 of the independent tray 1 can scratch through the arc-shaped guide rail to cause the tray to turn over, and then the equal outer grade fruit unloading is completed.
The tray type fruit weight detection grading system provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the weight information of a tray and fruits on the tray to obtain weight grade information, and associates the number of the tray obtained in advance with the weight grade information to obtain a weight grading result; based on tray serial number and weight grading result in the fruit that is located independent tray distribute to corresponding receipts silo, can realize that the quick automatic weight that can realize fruit especially jumbo size fruit like watermelon, Hami melon, shaddock etc. detects and grades, and fruit can realize smooth transition between each function such as carrying, weight detection, unloading fruit, is difficult for haring fruit, and overall design simple structure is reasonable, and use and maintenance are convenient, and is with low costs, easily promotes.
Fig. 18 is a flowchart of a tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 18, on the basis of the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading method based on the tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading system, including:
s1, obtaining weight grade information based on the weight information of the tray and the fruit on the tray, and associating the tray number obtained in advance with the weight grade information to obtain a weight grading result;
s2, distributing the fruits on the independent trays to corresponding receiving troughs based on the tray numbers and the weight grading results; the independent tray for conveying the fruits comprises a base and a tray movably mounted on the base.
The tray type fruit weight detection and classification method provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize rapid automatic weight detection and classification of fruits, particularly large-size fruits such as watermelon, Hami melon, grapefruit and the like, and the fruits can realize stable transition among various functions of conveying, weight detection, fruit unloading and the like and are not easy to damage the fruits.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A tray type fruit weight detection and classification system is characterized by comprising: the fruit unloading device comprises an independent tray for conveying fruits, a weighing mechanism, a first fruit unloading mechanism, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an upper computer;
the independent tray comprises a base and a tray movably arranged on the base; the weighing mechanism is used for acquiring weight information of the tray and fruits on the tray, and the PLC is used for sending the acquired weight information to the upper computer; the upper computer is used for correlating the pre-acquired tray number with the weight grade information to acquire a weight grading result; the PLC is also used for controlling the corresponding action of the first fruit unloading mechanism based on the tray number and the weight grading result;
the tray comprises a hollow tray body, and pin shaft mounting bosses and vertically arranged tray supporting rods are respectively mounted on two opposite sides of the bottom of the tray body; the base comprises a base body, and a base boss which is matched with the pin shaft mounting boss and is provided with a groove-shaped through hole is arranged on the base body; the first fruit unloading mechanism is in separable contact with the tray supporting rod;
the bottom of the tray body is rotatably provided with an unpowered support roller which is in contact with the fruits in the tray body;
the first fruit unloading mechanism comprises a transition connecting plate which is obliquely arranged, the transition connecting plate is connected with a corner motor so that the transition connecting plate can rotate on an inclined surface by a preset angle, the PLC is in signal connection with the corner motor, and the transition connecting plate is in separable contact with the tray supporting rod.
2. The tray type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to claim 1, wherein a base lug is arranged on the base body, an arc-shaped through hole is arranged on the base lug, and a cantilever boss matched with the arc-shaped through hole is arranged at the bottom of the tray body.
3. The tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to claim 1, further comprising a second fruit unloading mechanism comprising an arc-shaped guide rail in contact with the tray support rod.
4. The tray type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to claim 1, wherein the weighing mechanism comprises two weighing plates which are detachably contacted with the tray body, the surfaces of the weighing plates are in a circular arc shape, and a weighing sensor is arranged on any one of the weighing plates.
5. The tray-type fruit weight detecting and grading system according to claim 1, further comprising a conveyor chain connected to the base body.
6. The tray-style fruit weight detection grading system of claim 1, further comprising a correlation photoelectric switch and an industrial camera for acquiring images of the individual trays;
the transmitter and the receiver of the correlation photoelectric switch are respectively arranged on two sides of the independent tray; the correlation photoelectric switch is connected with the PLC through signals, and the industrial camera is connected with the upper computer through signals.
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| CN112122143A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-25 | 华东交通大学 | Fruit quality inspection sorting unit |
| CN112122145A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 深圳市芬能自动化设备有限公司 | Visual detection automatic sorting system |
| CN112845183B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-06-14 | 湖北国炬农业机械科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent fruit sorting machine |
| CN113551759B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-06-27 | 合肥金果缘视觉科技有限公司 | Fruit weighing error control method |
| CN115041421B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2024-03-19 | 青岛兴仪电子设备有限责任公司 | Fruit and vegetable sorting working device and working method |
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