CN110973053B - Artificial migration introduction method for woodpecker - Google Patents
Artificial migration introduction method for woodpecker Download PDFInfo
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- CN110973053B CN110973053B CN201911238323.3A CN201911238323A CN110973053B CN 110973053 B CN110973053 B CN 110973053B CN 201911238323 A CN201911238323 A CN 201911238323A CN 110973053 B CN110973053 B CN 110973053B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial migration and introduction method for woodpeckers, wherein the optimal introduction time of adult birds is 10-11 ten days of late month, the optimal introduction time of nest birds is 6 middle days of the month, artificial nest plugging is performed at night in the optimal migration time, a trunk is tied with a net cage, tree sections with nests are intercepted, and the trees are loaded and pulled according to the growth direction of logs; after the target is reached, the tree sections with the bird nests are placed in a predetermined flying area according to the growth direction of the logs, and the net cage is removed after half an hour; adult birds and chicks can fly out of the bird nest and fly in the forest, the trees are pecked and eaten about half an hour, and new bird nests are found after several days. The gloves are worn during the operation process, so that the woodpecker and the nest are prevented from being manually contacted, and the woodpecker is prevented from being frightened and dead. The artificial migration and introduction method for the woodpecker has high success rate during migration and high survival rate after migration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of artificial migration of birds, in particular to an artificial migration and introduction method for woodpecker.
Background
The nature of forestry biological disasters is an ecological problem. Feeding or infesting trees by insects, pathogens and animals is an objective natural phenomenon, and under stable ecological conditions they do not cause significant economic loss to forests and do not require human control.
The ecological environment of the wine spring area is fragile, the tree species are single, the trunk borers mainly including poplar trees and willow trees and the longhorn beetles are serious. Due to the long-term construction of large-area artificial pure forests, the large-scale application of chemical pesticides and the like, and the interference of natural factors, the biological diversity is poor, the forest is weak, the ecological system of the forest is unbalanced, and conditions are created for the excessive propagation of the poplar trunk-boring pests mainly including the anoplophora maculosa. In 2015, the total area of forest pests in the spring market is 25.71 ten thousand mu, wherein the area of the pests is 1.47 ten thousand mu, and the area of the pests is 15.21 ten thousand mu.
The big-spotted woodpecker and the black-sleeper green woodpecker (widely distributed in China) have good inhibiting effect on the population density of the longicorn bulls, are the most main predatory natural enemies of the poplars and the willow longicorn bulls, and are the most potential natural enemies for controlling the poplars and the willow longicorn bulls. The woodpecker belongs to a reserved bird, and the eating property is mainly of stem borers (the pecking rate of the large spot woodpecker to the longicorn in a longicorn mild hazard zone is 14.91 percent, the pecking rate of the large spot woodpecker in a medium hazard zone is 19.86 percent, and the pecking rate of the large spot woodpecker in a heavy hazard zone is 13.93 percent), and other lepidoptera pests.
According to data and investigation, woodpeckers are distributed in spring cities, but the woodpeckers are used as the most important primary cave nest birds in forests, and research reports of successful introduction and protection are reported at home and abroad. The current popular approach for introducing woodpeckers is mainly to hang a special bird nest for introduction, such as the method for introducing a woodpecker nest and a woodpecker, disclosed in application No. 200710179543.4, but the introduction effect of these methods is not very good: either the bird nest is expensive to produce, the woodpecker is not attracted, and the survival rate of the most deadly or successfully attracted woodpecker is low in the later period, so that all the efforts in the earlier period are in favor of the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an artificial migration introduction method for woodpecker with high success rate during migration and high survival rate after migration.
In order to solve the above problems, the artificial migration and introduction method for woodpecker birds according to the present invention includes that the mature bird introduction time is 10 to 11 ten days of the month, and the nest bird introduction time is 6 middle days of the month, and includes:
nest blocking: after determining that the woodpecker is in a nest and falls asleep at night, under the condition that the woodpecker in the nest is not found, a nest opening is blocked by using flexible textile fabric, then a net cage is quickly installed on a trunk by taking the nest opening as a center, and under the condition that the bird is not allowed to fly out, the flexible textile fabric is removed from the position of the nest opening, so that normal ventilation and air permeability in the nest are ensured;
intercepting the section of the tree with the nest: under the conditions of ensuring the integrity of a bird nest and avoiding the condition that a woodpecker in the nest is violently impacted, cutting out the tree section with the nest together with the bird nest and the net cage from the tree, and then loading the tree section with the nest along the growth direction of logs and transporting the tree section to a preset flying area all night; wherein, the environment of the flying area is provided with conditions for normal survival of the woodpecker;
placing the tree section with the nest: and after the tree sections reach the flying area, the tree sections with the nests are placed in the area according to the growth direction of the logs, and the net cage is detached after half an hour.
Preferably, in the nest blocking step, for the adult birds, the tracks and the positions of the nests of the adult birds are observed in the daytime on the same day, and the nests can be blocked after the adult birds return to the deep sleep at night; for nest birds, when the situation that the heads of the nests of the nest birds are extended to snoop the external environment is observed in the daytime, the nests of the birds can be determined to be about to be out of the nest in 1-2 days, and then the nests of the adult birds can be blocked after the adult birds return to the nest and sleep soundly in the evening.
Preferably, the operator wears the glove to perform the work throughout the flow. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in the invention, artificial nest blocking is adopted at night in the best migration time, a trunk is tied with a net cage, tree sections with nests are intercepted, and loading and hauling are carried out according to the growth direction of logs; after the target is reached, the tree sections with the bird nests are placed in a predetermined flying area according to the growth direction of the logs, and the net cage is removed after half an hour; the adult birds and the young birds can fly out of the bird nest and fly in the forest, the adult birds and the young birds start pecking trees and eating in about half an hour, and new bird nests are found after several days, so that the success rate during migration and the survival rate after migration are high.
Detailed Description
An artificial migration introduction method for woodpecker, which comprises the following steps:
determining the introduction time of the woodpecker
1. Introduction time of adult birds: the introduction time of the adult large-spot woodpecker and the adult black-pillow green woodpecker is preferably 10-11 months later, the adult woodpecker finishes the processes of puppet, spawning and brooding, the body of the adult woodpecker is completely recovered through sufficient food supplement in summer, the young bird can completely prey and nest by self after 3 months of growth, the condition of the woodpecker body is optimal in the period, the immunity and the resistance are strongest, and the introduction is most suitable.
2. Introduction time of nest birds (including 1 adult bird and 3-6 chicks): the big-spot woodpecker and the black-pillow green woodpecker generally start to play puppies in the late 4 th to early 5 th months, start to lay eggs, hatch and brood in the late 5 th to middle 6 th months, the young bird starts to go out of the nest continuously about 6 months and 10 days, and the peak of the nest comes about 6 months and 15 days.
Therefore, the adult bird introduction time is set to 10 late-month to 11-last-month, the physical condition of the woodpecker at the time is optimal, and the immunity and the resistance are strongest; the nest bird introduction time is set to 6 middle-month, and after the nestling is out in the period, the nestling can automatically forage, quickly jump or fly in a short distance, and nest building is completed with the help of the adult bird. The survival probability of the artificial migratory woodpecker is high.
(II) determining and blocking the nest of the woodpecker
1. Adult bird
Nest blocking time: the whereabouts and the nest positions of the adult birds are observed well on the same day, and the nest opening can be blocked after the adult birds return to the nest at night.
The nest blocking method comprises the following steps: and observing the return of the woodpecker before dark, waiting for the woodpecker in the bird nest to sleep well after 22 o' clock, and under the condition that the woodpecker in the nest is not found, a worker wears gloves to take a new towel to block the nest opening quietly. Other workers quickly press the wire gauze with the size of 80cm multiplied by 80cm and the mesh of 18 on the trunk by taking the nest opening as the center, quickly pull out the new towel along the wire gauze under the condition of ensuring that the bird does not fly out, keep the normal ventilation in the nest, and then fix the wire gauze on the trunk by dividing the upper layer, the middle layer and the lower layer by using the wire gauze. The tree is marked so that it can be found the next morning.
2. Nest bird
Nest blocking time: when the bird is observed to extend out of the nest to snoop the external environment in the daytime, the bird can be determined to be about to nest in 1-2 days, and the time for plugging the nest opening is the optimal time.
The nest blocking method comprises the following steps: forming a bird at the same time.
(III) cutting off tree with bird nest and cutting off tree section with bird nest
The trees blocked with the nests are felled in the next morning after the nest openings are blocked, the speed is increased as much as possible and the trees are stably and lightly placed when the trees are felled, severe impact on the woodpeckers in the nests is avoided, the back of the nest openings is selected as much as possible in the falling direction of the trees, long nest tree sections of about 1.2 meters are cut, the upper portions of the nest openings are about 30 centimeters, the lower portions of the nest openings are about 80 centimeters, the integrity of the nests is ensured, and the cut nest tree sections with the nests are vertically arranged in a vehicle and are transported back to the destination. The tree section placing direction is consistent with the growth direction of the original tree.
(IV) placing the tree section (test area) with bird nest
And (3) after the target is reached, vertically placing the tree section with the bird nest on the ground of a predetermined woodpecker flying test area, and removing the wire netting half an hour later.
Wherein, the condition for the conventional normal survival of the woodpecker is laid in the woodpecker flying test area: firstly, a large number of insect pest trees harmed by longhorn beetles exist, and the density of insect population is more than 10%; secondly, sufficient water source is ensured, so that the woodpecker can drink water all the year round; thirdly, a certain number of dying wood or dead wood is needed for the nest pecking and colonization. And fourthly, the test is adopted, so that the environment is relatively independent, and the observation and the recording are convenient. It is understood that the condition for controlling the pest against the woodpecker is surely that the woodpecker is normally alive, and therefore, in actual practice, if the control area itself does not satisfy the condition for the normal alive condition of the woodpecker, the condition for the test area may be artificially adjusted or added.
(V) observation of results
The wire netting fixed around the bird nest is removed, the adult bird and the chick can fly out of the bird nest and inhabit in the forest, the health state is good, and the adult bird pecks the tree and takes food about half an hour. However, the woodpeckers were not returned to their original nests at night, and all the woodpeckers were observed to be resting in the forest the next morning, and the chicks began to feed themselves. After 7 days, a new bird nest was found, and the flying woodpecker was completely able to survive naturally in the test area.
More experimental cases:
through the above-mentioned artificial migratory woodpecker test observation for many years, the following conclusion is concluded:
(1) optimal time for artificial migration of woodpeckers: the adult bird is preferably in late 10-last 11 months of each year, the condition of the adult bird is the best, and the immunity and resistance are the strongest; the nest bird is about 6 months and 15 days, and after the bird leaves the nest in the period, the bird can automatically forage, quickly jump or fly in a short distance, and nest with the help of the adult bird. At the moment, the survival probability of the artificial migratory woodpecker is high.
(2) The artificial migratory woodpecker method comprises the following steps: artificially blocking a nest opening at night, binding a wire mesh on a trunk, intercepting a tree section with a bird nest, and vertically loading and transporting. After the target is reached, the tree section with the bird nest is vertically placed on a predetermined flying area, and the wire netting is taken off after half an hour.
(3) The woodpeckers are very alert, and people are frightened once directly contacted, and the influence is physical, mental, multi-aspect and comprehensive, and is difficult to eliminate in a short time. Most of the frightened woodpeckers show food refusal and resistance decline, and even if the woodpeckers do not refuse food, the woodpeckers can be ill and die after a period of time. When the woodpecker is migrated manually, the human body is prevented from directly contacting the frequently moving parts of the woodpecker, such as the body, the nest and the trunk of the woodpecker, as much as possible.
The key points of the artificial migration introduction method for the woodpecker are summarized as follows:
(1) determining the introduction time, wherein the time is about 15 days per year, namely the nest-leaving peak time of the chicks, and the optimal introduction time of the nest birds is determined at the moment; the best time for introducing the grown-up bird is from the late 10 th to the early 11 th.
(2) The net cage covers the trunk to prevent the woodpecker from flying out, and the woodpecker in the nest is ventilated.
(3) The gloves are worn in the operation process, so that the woodpecker and the nest are strictly prevented from being manually contacted, and the woodpecker is effectively prevented from being frightened and dead.
(4) When trees with bird nests are felled, the nest openings are upward, the speed is high, the trees are stably held and lightly placed, and the situation that the woodpeckers in the nests are severely impacted is avoided.
(5) The tree sections are vertically placed, so that vibration is reduced, and the phenomenon that the woodpecker is frightened and damaged again in the pulling and transporting process is avoided.
(6) The environment suitable for flying is guaranteed, and the flying woodpecker is beneficial to foraging, nesting and survival.
The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An artificial migration and introduction method for woodpecker is characterized in that mature bird introduction time is 10-11 late months, and nest bird introduction time is 6-middle months, and the method comprises the following steps:
nest blocking: after determining that the woodpecker is in a nest and falls asleep at night, under the condition that the woodpecker in the nest is not found, a nest opening is blocked by using flexible textile fabric, then a net cage is quickly installed on a trunk by taking the nest opening as a center, and under the condition that the bird is not allowed to fly out, the flexible textile fabric is removed from the position of the nest opening, so that normal ventilation and air permeability in the nest are ensured;
intercepting the section of the tree with the nest: under the conditions of ensuring the integrity of a bird nest and avoiding the condition that a woodpecker in the nest is violently impacted, cutting out the tree section with the nest together with the bird nest and the net cage from the tree, and then loading the tree section with the nest along the growth direction of logs and transporting the tree section to a preset flying area all night; wherein, the environment of the flying area is provided with conditions for normal survival of the woodpecker;
placing the tree section with the nest: and after the tree sections reach the flying area, the tree sections with the nests are placed in the area according to the growth direction of the logs, and the net cage is detached after half an hour.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the nest blocking step, for the adult birds, the tracks and the positions of the nests of the adult birds are observed during the day, and the nests can be blocked after the adult birds return to sleep well at night; for nest birds, when the situation that the heads of the nests of the nest birds are extended to snoop the external environment is observed in the daytime, the nests of the birds can be determined to be about to be out of the nest in 1-2 days, and then the nests of the adult birds can be blocked after the adult birds return to the nest and sleep soundly in the evening.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the operator wears a glove to perform the task throughout the procedure.
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| CN201911238323.3A CN110973053B (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Artificial migration introduction method for woodpecker |
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| CN110973053B true CN110973053B (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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| CN101180953A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-05-21 | 北京林业大学 | Method for attracting bird's nest of peckerwood and peckerwood |
| JP2015029428A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Artificial nest box for nest building of woodpeckers |
| KR20160068225A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-15 | 대한민국(산림청 국립산림과학원장) | Bird's nest |
| CN106577111A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 刘智聪 | Dendrolimus punctatus walker preventing and control method in artificial masson pine forest planting process |
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2019
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201911238323.3A patent/CN110973053B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101180953A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-05-21 | 北京林业大学 | Method for attracting bird's nest of peckerwood and peckerwood |
| JP2015029428A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Artificial nest box for nest building of woodpeckers |
| KR20160068225A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-15 | 대한민국(산림청 국립산림과학원장) | Bird's nest |
| CN106577111A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 刘智聪 | Dendrolimus punctatus walker preventing and control method in artificial masson pine forest planting process |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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