CN110972872B - Method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using plant growth regulator - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/30—Derivatives containing the group >N—CO—N aryl or >N—CS—N—aryl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator, which comprises the following steps: A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: marking open lily buds with uncracked pollen, and spraying hormone treatment solution on the marked lily buds; B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper; C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tin foil paper after pollination for 10-12d, and spraying a foliar fertilizer after continuing to grow for 3-5 d; D. and (3) second hormone treatment: spraying hormone to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 30-35 d; E. picking fruits: and (4) collecting when the color of the lily fruit turns yellow and does not crack. The method is simple and practical, and can effectively promote the hybrid affinity between lily species and the development of later-stage fruits and obtain fruits with full seeds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lily breeding, in particular to a method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator.
Background
Bulbus Lilii (Lilium spp．) Is a general term for all species of Lilium (Lilium) of Liliaceae (liliaceae) of the class Monocotyledoneae, and is a perennial root herbaceous plant. The lily has the characteristics of bright color, beautiful flower shape, strong fragrance and the like, has higher ornamental value and becomes an important commodity flower in the world. Besides being appreciated, the lily bulb contains rich nutrient components, has higher medicinal and use values and wider planting prospect. The difficulty in breeding new lily varieties is aggravated by low hybridization affinity rate between lily species or poor later-stage development and other factors, and the breeding process of lily is seriously hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator aiming at the problems in the prior art; the method can effectively promote the hybridization affinity between lily species and the development of later-stage fruits, obtain fruits with full seeds, and provide necessary technical basis for promoting lily breeding.
The invention aims to solve the problems by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: marking open lily buds with uncracked pollen, and spraying hormone treatment solution on the marked lily buds;
B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper;
C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tin foil paper after pollination for 10-12d, and spraying a foliar fertilizer after continuing to grow for 3-5 d;
D. and (3) second hormone treatment: spraying hormone to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 30-35 d;
E. picking fruits: and (4) collecting when the color of the lily fruit turns yellow and does not crack.
The hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following components: 10mg/L of 2,4-D, 5mg/L of 6-BA and 3mg/L of CPPU.
The method for spraying the hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following steps: spraying flower on the inside of the quilt sheet and the ovary facing the opening of the marked lily buds.
The detailed method for spraying the hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following steps: spraying the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot facing to the opening of the marked lily buds, so that fine water drops are formed in the interior of the quilt sheet and on the surface of the ovary of the marked lily buds.
The leaf fertilizer in the step C comprises the following components: 0.6% by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3% by weight of urea solution and 5mg/L of IBA.
And C, spraying the foliar fertilizer for 20-25 d/time.
The hormone in the step D comprises the following components: 5mg/L DA-6, 3mg/L GA3And 4mg/L IAA.
The hormone spraying method in the step D comprises the following steps: spraying the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot to enable the surface of the ovary to have water drops.
The hormone spraying time interval in the step D is as follows: 5-7 d/time.
The storage method of the picked fruits in the step E comprises the following steps: air-drying in the shade, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
The plant chemical growth regulator is an important substance for plant growth and development, and can promote lily hybridization and fruit development through the action of different growth regulators.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method can improve the lily fruit setting rate and improve the pollination efficiency through early hormone treatment, the late growth of lily fruits is good by spraying the foliar fertilizer and the second hormone treatment, necessary fertilizer and hormone are provided to meet the fruit growth conditions, the method can effectively promote the lily interspecific hybridization affinity and the late fruit growth, the fruits with full seeds are obtained, and necessary technical basis is provided for the promotion of lily breeding.
The method can effectively solve the problem of fruit abortion caused by difficult compatibility of lily and poor later-stage development of embryos, and improves the fruit setting rate of lily and the development degree of later-stage fruits of lily at the same time by using the plant growth regulator; the method can effectively improve the seed setting rate of lily, greatly promotes the breeding efficiency of lily, has the characteristics of unique measures, simple process and easy implementation, and is suitable for popularization and use.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example one
A method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator comprises the following steps:
A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: selecting lily buds which are open and have no pollen crack for marking, and spraying hormone treatment solution for 2-3 times to the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds by adopting a spraying pot facing the open position of the marked lily buds, so that fine water drops are formed in the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds, wherein the hormone treatment solution comprises the following components: 10mg/L of 2,4-D, 5mg/L of 6-BA and 3mg/L of CPPU (forchlorfenuron);
B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper;
C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tinfoil paper after pollination for 10 days, spraying a leaf fertilizer at the leaf surface after pollination for 13 days to promote the growth of the nutrition of the lily plants, wherein the leaf fertilizer comprises the following components: spraying monopotassium phosphate with 0.6 percent of liquid, urea with 0.3 percent of liquid and IBA with 5mg/L for 1 time every 25 days to ensure the nutrition supplied by later fruit development;
D. and (3) second hormone treatment: and spraying hormones to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 30 days, wherein the hormones comprise the following components: 5mg/L DA-6 (diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate) and 3mg/L GA3(gibberellin) and 4mg/L IAA, and the hormone spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot to enable the surface of the ovary to have water drops, wherein the spraying is carried out for 1 time every 6 days and 2 times in total;
E. picking fruits: collecting when the color of the lily becomes yellow and the lily does not crack; air-drying in the shade, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
In the open field growth process of the lily, cut stigma hybridization is carried out by taking oriental lily variety 'Sobang' as a female parent and trumpet lily 'orange star' as a male parent. When the method is not used, the achievement rate is 5% -7%; when the method of the first embodiment of the invention is adopted, the fruit setting rate is improved to 19-35%, and the seeds are full, thereby greatly promoting the efficiency of lily crossbreeding.
Example two
A method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator comprises the following steps:
A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: selecting lily buds which are open and have no pollen crack for marking, and spraying hormone treatment solution for 2-3 times to the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds by adopting a spraying pot facing the open position of the marked lily buds, so that fine water drops are formed in the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds, wherein the hormone treatment solution comprises the following components: 10mg/L of 2,4-D, 5mg/L of 6-BA and 3mg/L of CPPU (forchlorfenuron);
B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper;
C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tinfoil paper after pollination for 12 days, spraying a leaf fertilizer at leaf surfaces after pollination for 15 days to promote the growth of nutrition of lily plants, wherein the leaf fertilizer comprises the following components: spraying monopotassium phosphate with 0.6 percent of liquid, urea with 0.3 percent of liquid and IBA with 5mg/L for 1 time every 23 days to ensure the nutrition supplied by later fruit development;
D. and (3) second hormone treatment: spraying hormone to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 35 days, wherein the hormone comprises the following components: 5mg/L DA-6 (diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate) and 3mg/L GA3(gibberellin) and 4mg/L IAA, and the hormone spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot to enable the surface of the ovary to have water drops, wherein the spraying is carried out for 1 time every 5 days and 2 times in total;
E. picking fruits: collecting when the color of the lily becomes yellow and the lily does not crack; air-drying in the shade, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
In the open field growth process of the lily, cut stigma hybridization is carried out by taking an oriental lily variety Venezuela as a female parent and taking an oriental lily variety Sobang as a male parent. When the method is not used, the achievement rate is about 15 percent; when the method of the second embodiment of the invention is adopted, the fruit setting rate is improved to 40%, and the seeds are full, thereby greatly promoting the efficiency of lily crossbreeding.
EXAMPLE III
A method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator comprises the following steps:
A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: selecting lily buds which are open and have no pollen crack for marking, and spraying hormone treatment solution for 2-3 times to the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds by adopting a spraying pot facing the open position of the marked lily buds, so that fine water drops are formed in the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary surface of the marked lily buds, wherein the hormone treatment solution comprises the following components: 10mg/L of 2,4-D, 5mg/L of 6-BA and 3mg/L of CPPU (forchlorfenuron);
B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper;
C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tinfoil paper after pollination for 10 days, spraying a leaf fertilizer at the leaf surface after pollination for 15 days to promote the growth of the nutrition of the lily plants, wherein the leaf fertilizer comprises the following components: spraying monopotassium phosphate with 0.6 percent of liquid, urea with 0.3 percent of liquid and IBA with 5mg/L for 1 time every 20 days to ensure the nutrition supplied by later fruit development;
D. and (3) second hormone treatment: spraying hormones to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 33 days, wherein the hormones comprise the following components: 5mg/L DA-6 (diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate) and 3mg/L GA3(gibberellin) and 4mg/L IAA, and the hormone spraying method comprises the following steps: spraying the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot to enable the surface of the ovary to have water drops, wherein the spraying is carried out for 1 time every 7 days and 2 times in total;
E. picking fruits: collecting when the color of the lily becomes yellow and the lily does not crack; air-drying in the shade, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
In the open field growth process of the lilies, the lilies in the tuba are cut to perform stigma hybridization by taking orange stars ' of lilies in the tuba as female parents and oriental lilies ' MackePolo ' as male parents. When the method is not used, the achievement rate is 3% -5%; when the method of the third embodiment of the invention is adopted, the fruit setting rate is improved to 20%, and the seeds are full, thereby greatly promoting the efficiency of lily crossbreeding.
According to the method, the lily fruit setting rate can be improved and the pollination efficiency can be improved through early hormone treatment, the late growth of lily fruits is good by spraying the foliar fertilizer and the second hormone treatment, and necessary fertilizer and hormone are provided to meet the fruit growth conditions; the method can effectively solve the problem of fruit abortion caused by difficulty in lily affinity and poor later-stage embryo development, improves the fruit setting rate of lily and the development degree of later-stage fruits of lily by using the plant growth regulator, has the characteristics of unique measures, simple process and easiness in implementation, and is suitable for popularization and application.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving lily hybridization seed setting rate by using a plant growth regulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. florescence selection and early hormone treatment: marking open lily buds with uncracked pollen, and spraying hormone treatment solution on the marked lily buds;
B. and (3) cross pollination: after hormone is sprayed for 48 hours, male parent pollen to be subjected to hybridization combination is selected, the pollen is smeared on the flower column of the marked lily buds in a mode of cutting the stigma, and the pollinated flower column is wrapped by tinfoil paper;
C. and (3) fertilizing of a foliar fertilizer: removing the tin foil paper after pollination for 10-12d, and spraying a foliar fertilizer after continuing to grow for 3-5 d;
D. and (3) second hormone treatment: spraying hormone to the expanded ovaries after pollination for 30-35 d;
E. picking fruits: collecting when the color of the lily becomes yellow and the lily does not crack;
the hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following components: 10mg/L of 2,4-D, 5mg/L of 6-BA and 3mg/L of CPPU;
the hormone in the step D comprises the following components: 5mg/L DA-6, 3mg/L GA3And 4mg/L IAA.
2. The method of claim 1 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method for spraying the hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following steps: spraying flower on the inside of the quilt sheet and the ovary facing the opening of the marked lily buds.
3. The method of claim 2 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the detailed method for spraying the hormone treatment solution in the step A comprises the following steps: spraying the interior of the quilt sheet and the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot facing to the opening of the marked lily buds, so that fine water drops are formed in the interior of the quilt sheet and on the surface of the ovary of the marked lily buds.
4. The method of claim 1 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the leaf fertilizer in the step C comprises the following components: 0.6% by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3% by weight of urea solution and 5mg/L of IBA.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4 for increasing the fruiting rate of lily hybrids using plant growth regulators, wherein: and C, spraying the foliar fertilizer for 20-25 d/time.
6. The method of claim 1 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the hormone spraying method in the step D comprises the following steps: spraying the ovary for 2-3 times by using a spraying pot to enable the surface of the ovary to have water drops.
7. The method of claim 1 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the hormone spraying time interval in the step D is as follows: 5-7 d/time.
8. The method of claim 1 for increasing lily hybrid seed set using a plant growth regulator, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the storage method of the picked fruits in the step E comprises the following steps: air-drying in the shade, and storing in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C.
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| CN115843645A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-28 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for controlling germination quantity of lily scale seed balls and promoting quick expansion of seed balls |
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