CN110967870A - 一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置 - Google Patents

一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置 Download PDF

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CN110967870A
CN110967870A CN201911303297.8A CN201911303297A CN110967870A CN 110967870 A CN110967870 A CN 110967870A CN 201911303297 A CN201911303297 A CN 201911303297A CN 110967870 A CN110967870 A CN 110967870A
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light
main control
instruction
display device
led array
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周静
龙兴明
周霞
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Chongqing University
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
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    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
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    • F21S41/30Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
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    • F21S41/60Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/63Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
    • F21S41/64Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
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    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406Control of illumination source
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
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    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,属于汽车照明技术领域。本装置包括电源部分、光学系统、交通信号控制部分和LED阵列;所述LED阵列发出不均匀的光,为提高光效并去除杂散光,采用复眼透镜光学系统;所述交通信号控制部分包括主控微芯片、蓝牙通信模块以及车载移动终端App应用程序;当蓝牙通信模块接收到车载移动终端App发来的指令后,蓝牙模块将接收到的指令传给主控芯片,经过主控芯片处理后,找到指令对应的数据库,将数据以并行的方式传输给液晶显示模块,进一步通过投影把相应的交通图像信息显示在目标平面上。

Description

一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置
技术领域
本发明属于汽车照明技术领域,涉及一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置。
背景技术
自无人驾驶这一概念诞生以来,对于人工智能(AI)能够取代司机职业的预期与日俱增,也冲击着传统汽车产业的发展。几乎所有汽车公司都在开发无人驾驶技术,包括Google、特斯拉、英伟达、Uber、百度等全球知名汽车、IT领域的公司也积极融入研究无人驾驶的大潮中。2017年4月,美国加州机动车管理部门把第30张无人驾驶测试牌照发给苹果(Apple)公司,从而证实了苹果公司也深度参与无人驾驶的技术研发。
那么如何实现无人驾驶的汽车与人进行信息交互呢?智能化汽车灯的设计为这一问题的解决提供了一种可行途径。
车灯是汽车产品中不可或缺的重要部件,汽车灯信号作为汽车的专用语言,直接反应了汽车的行驶方向、驾驶人的动机和意图。目前,LED汽车灯的技术发展日趋成熟,在LED灯的驱动电路、结构设计、节能环保等方面取得巨大突破。同时,基于LED汽车灯的车联网系统技术也逐渐发展,使相邻行车之间通过车灯进行光通信,在前后车辆传递车辆状态、前方路况、语音等消息成为可能。
在此基础上,本发明以LED车灯为基础,采用128*64液晶模块及相应的光学系统,结合智能控制系统,设计了一套新颖的用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置。本发明提出的智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置具有如下特点:从显示多样性来看,与已有LED车灯的单像素显示相比,液晶模块LCD具有多像素的特点;其次,在车载移动终端App可编程条件下,LCD中任何一个像素点都是可控的,因此能够在LCD上显示各种交通图形与文字信息;这一特点应用于无人驾驶中,能够实现对各种交通场景的显示、控制,增强人-车-环境的交互。比如,无人驾驶汽车启动时,汽车灯光显示信息“welcome”,意味着驾乘人员上车;当无人驾驶汽车停在某个路口为行人让行时,车灯在车前方地上投影显示“行人斑马线”,意思是让行,行人可以通过;当无人驾驶汽车向左或向右转弯时,车灯显示相应的“转向箭头”,并且可以根据弯道的角度大小改变“转向箭头”的数量;当车速大于如10km/h时,投射车轮轨迹线,当车速大于最高车速时,同时给出超速信号。本发明提出的智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置既能够满足汽车灯照明的需要,同时也能完成汽车与人的信息交互,为实现无人驾驶汽车的智能服务提供支持。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置。
为达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,包括电源部分、光学系统、交通信号控制部分和LED阵列。
可选的,所述光学系统包括LED阵列、第一排复眼透镜、反光镜、第二排复眼透镜、偏振片、液晶显示模块和可调焦的投影透镜;
所述LED阵列发出不均匀的光,为提高光效和去除杂散光,采用复眼透镜系统;当光经过第一排复眼透镜过后,不均匀的圆形光斑转换为照度均匀分布的矩形光斑,均匀的矩形光斑束经过反射镜反射后聚焦在第二排复眼透镜上,由于半波片的作用,原本的P型光,即水平极化光,经过偏振后变成S型光,即垂直极化光,而S型光经过两次反射后,发射出的光还是S型光;最后,S型光经过透镜汇聚到液晶显示面板上,通过可调焦的投影透镜后,将液晶面板上的信息投影在目标平面上进行显示。
可选的,所述交通信号控制部分包括主控微芯片、蓝牙通信模块以及车载移动终端App应用程序;
所述主控芯片为单片机,其RXD(PA2)、TXD(PA3)引脚分别与蓝牙模块接口TXD、RXD引脚相连,单片机的PA0-PA5、PE0-PE7依次与液晶模块的VDD、VSS、CS、RES、A0、WR、RD、DB0-DB7、LEDA、LEDK相连接;
当蓝牙通信模块接收到车载移动终端App发来的指令后,蓝牙模块将接收到的指令传给主控芯片,经过主控芯片处理后,找到指令对应的数据库,将数据以并行的方式传输给液晶显示模块,通过投影把相应的交通图像信息显示在目标平面上。
可选的,所述交通图像信息包括欢迎模式、行人模式、车道变换提醒、车道保持助理和传统模式;
所述欢迎模式为:动态显示“欢迎”,时间延迟为0.5-1s,以标志“iCAlamp”结束;
所述行人模式为:当车速为0公里/小时且CCD检测到行人时,在道路上动态投影斑马线;
所述车道变换提醒为:当准备左转或右转时,由位置传感器预测,指示箭头动态的投影到路面,持续时间如1-10秒;
所述车道保持助理:当车速大于如10km/h时,投射车轮轨迹线,当车速大于最高车速时,同时给出超速信号;
传统模式为:远、近光模式。
可选的,所述电源部分提供1安培的恒流源,为LED阵列供电;
所述1安培的恒流源包括DC-DC恒流源芯片;所述恒流源芯片内部由比较运放构成,通过FB端口外接R60-R66、电容C47构成反馈电路;所述反馈电路用于调节LED阵列的驱动电流,使其输出为1A恒流源。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明提出的智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置既能够满足汽车灯照明的需要,同时也能完成汽车与人的信息交互,可以轻松的判断智能驾驶汽车的运动意图,减少相关交通事故的发生。
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述,并且在某种程度上,基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的,或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作优选的详细描述,其中:
图1为本发明系统框图;
图2为本发明LED阵列图;
图3为本发明单片机控制系统;
图4为本发明蓝牙模块控制程序流程图;
图5为欢迎模式道路照明信号;
图6为行人模式道路照明信号;
图7为车道变换提醒道路照明信号;
图8为车道保持助理道路照明信号;
图9为传统模式道路照明信号。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需要说明的是,以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想,在不冲突的情况下,以下实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
其中,附图仅用于示例性说明,表示的仅是示意图,而非实物图,不能理解为对本发明的限制;为了更好地说明本发明的实施例,附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小,并不代表实际产品的尺寸;对本领域技术人员来说,附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
本发明实施例的附图中相同或相似的标号对应相同或相似的部件;在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,若有术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此附图中描述位置关系的用语仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本发明的限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
如图1所示,本发明主要分为三部分:分别为电源部分、光学系统、交通信号控制部分。其中电源部分为车灯控制系统供电,也为LED阵列提供1A的恒流源驱动。光学系统包括第一排复眼透镜、第二排复眼透镜、反光镜、偏振片、液晶模块、可调焦的投影透镜。交通信号控制包括以单片控制模块,蓝牙通信模块、以及安卓车载移动终端App应用。
本发明设计的LED阵列驱动电路如图2所示,该驱动电路主要由恒流源芯片以及外部电路组成,其中恒流源芯片内部主要由比较运放构成,通过FB端口外接R60-R66、电容C47构成反馈电路,该反馈主要是调节LED阵列的驱动电流,使其为恒流源输出。
本发明控制系统设计选用单片机作为主控芯片,例如STM32F103C8T6芯片,该主控芯片成本低、封装小。如图3所示,主控芯片的RXD(PA2)、TXD(PA3)引脚分别与蓝牙模块(例如HC-06)的接口TXD、RXD引脚相连,单片机的PA0-PA5、PE0-PE7依次与液晶的VDD、VSS、CS、RES、A0、WR、RD、DB0-DB7、LEDA、LEDK相连接。当蓝牙模块接收到安卓车载移动终端App发过来的指令后,将指令传给主控芯片,经主控芯片处理后,找到指令对应的数据库,将数据以并行的方式传输给液晶模块(例如TM12864U3FFSGWA),并投影显示相应的交通图像信息。
本发明的光路系统结构主要包括:LED阵列(比如3*4LED阵列)、第一排复眼透镜、第二排复眼透镜、反光镜、偏振片、液晶、可调焦的投影透镜。所述LED阵列发出不均匀的光,为提高光效和去除杂散光,采用复眼透镜系统;当光经过第一排复眼透镜过后,不均匀的圆形光斑转换为照度均匀分布的矩形光斑,均匀的矩形光斑束经过反射镜反射后聚焦在第二排复眼透镜上,由于半波片的作用,原本的P型光(水平极化光)经过偏振后变成S型光(垂直极化光),而S型光经过两次反射后,发射出的光还是S型光;最后,S型光经过透镜汇聚到液晶上,再通过可调焦的投影透镜后,将液晶面板上的信息投影在目标平面上显示。
在本发明中,车载移动终端App应用软件是基于MIT App Inventer图形化编程软件进行编程设计的。App的逻辑设计分为两部分:按钮组件的功能实现和图片命令的发送。在按钮的逻辑设计中,首先对每个按钮的功能进行定义,在MIT App Inventer编程界面,定义并初始化全局变量,其功能用于判断、命令发送;然后定义“当按钮被点击时”的事件,并同时启用“计时器”。通过计时器来实现图片、命令的发送与变换。设置计时器的计时间隔为0.2秒,然后让计时器变量加1,并通过蓝牙模块发送命令数据,即计时器每0.2s执行一次变量加1和发送命令数据。最后,通过判断计时器的状态让计时器停止计时。
蓝牙通信模块的主要任务是通过串口协议让车载移动终端App与车灯控制系统之间建立通信连接,通过车载移动终端App发出控制指令,蓝牙接收到信号后,通过车灯控制单片机系统进行分析处理,进而根据指令对应的数据使LCD显示相关的场景图片信息。程序流程图如图4所示。
在MIT App Inventer中设计车灯控制App启动界面。在App启动界面中,首先设计启动画面,如正在黑夜中行驶的汽车,在汽车的下面标有“iCALamp”的字样;其次,在App应用界面设计蓝牙客户端的选择与显示,用于触发手持式移动通信终端机的蓝牙与外部硬件蓝牙连接,同时显示与安卓设备配对的蓝牙地址及名称。App应用界面还设计有汽车运行状态栏,显示汽车行驶速度;最后,App应用界面中还设计有功能选择按钮:“main menu”、“intelligent”和“traditional”。其中,在“main menu”中选择驾驶模式,有“intelligent”(智能驾驶模式)和“traditional”(传统驾驶模式)两种,分别为“intelligent”驾驶模式界面和“traditional”驾驶模式。
本发明的各个场景模式如表1所示:
表1移动应用程序具有通用照明和信号显示能力的前照灯的五种模式
Figure BDA0002322413650000051
本装置能够同时实现常规的汽车照明功能,同时提供了人-车-环境交互的智能化信息,具体包括:
1)在少量多颗如12颗1W白光LED光源作用下,用万级多像素的低成本LCD产生可编程控制的矩阵光束输出,一方面克服现有传统光源包括白炽灯、卤素灯和LED点光源模组的单像素特性,另外,解决了现有多颗LED矩阵和MEMES投影方案的成本问题;
2)引入移动终端如手机对上述基于可编程液晶光源的车灯进行信息传输和控制功能,此框架结构拓展了车载信息与外界复杂环境的图文交互,同时,易于访问的手机传感数据连同快捷接入的手机蓝牙通信,提升了车辆行驶的主动安全防御性能;
3)针对人车抢道、车辆转向变道和紧急刹车灯交通安全隐患场景,结合手机传加速度、陀螺仪和CCD等感器数据,设计制作了与之相匹配的手机App应用程序,提升了现有车灯的用户体验感;
4)采用LCD优化散热结构、LED驱动以及偏振光的双向利用等技术,使发明装置的效率和可靠性得到极大提升,为无人驾驶汽车提供重要的安全装置和信息交换支持。
总之,本发明可以根据汽车行驶的各个场景,通过车载移动终端App发送交通图像信息,经蓝牙发送给单片机系统,由单片机处理后,把相关场景交通图片信息发送到液晶显示器进行投影显示。交通图片信息包括人行道、汽车左转、汽车右转、行驶速度、汽车状态等,通过这些场景信息,可以轻松的判断智能驾驶汽车的运动意图,减少相关交通事故的发生。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,其特征在于:包括电源部分、光学系统、交通信号控制部分和LED阵列。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,其特征在于:所述光学系统包括LED阵列、第一排复眼透镜、第二排复眼透镜、反光镜、偏振片、液晶显示模块和可调焦的投影透镜;
所述LED阵列发出不均匀的光,为提高光效和去除杂散光,采用复眼透镜系统;当光经过第一排复眼透镜过后,不均匀的圆形光斑转换为照度均匀分布的矩形光斑,均匀的矩形光斑束经过反射镜反射后聚焦在第二排复眼透镜上,由于半波片的作用,原本的P型光,即水平极化光,经过偏振后变成S型光,即垂直极化光,而S型光经过两次反射后,发射出的光还是S型光;最后,S型光经过透镜汇聚到液晶显示面板上,通过可调焦的投影透镜后,将液晶面板上的信息投影在目标平面上进行显示。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,其特征在于:所述交通信号控制部分包括主控微芯片、蓝牙通信模块以及车载移动终端App应用程序;
所述主控芯片为单片机,其RXD(PA2)、TXD(PA3)引脚分别与蓝牙模块接口TXD、RXD引脚相连,单片机的PA0-PA5、PE0-PE7依次与液晶模块的VDD、VSS、CS、RES、A0、WR、RD、DB0-DB7、LEDA、LEDK相连接;
当蓝牙通信模块接收到车载移动终端App发来的指令后,蓝牙模块将接收到的指令传给主控芯片,经过主控芯片处理后,找到指令对应的数据库,将数据以并行的方式传输给液晶显示模块,通过投影把相应的交通图像信息显示在目标平面上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,其特征在于:所述交通图像信息包括欢迎模式、行人模式、车道变换提醒、车道保持助理和传统模式;
所述欢迎模式为:动态显示“欢迎”,时间延迟为0.5-1s,以标志“iCAlamp”结束;
所述行人模式为:当车速为0公里/小时且摄像头检测到行人时,在道路上动态投影斑马线;
所述车道变换提醒为:当准备左转或右转时,由位置传感器预测,指示箭头动态的投影到路面,持续时间如1-10秒;
所述车道保持助理:当车速大于如10km/h时,投射车轮轨迹线,当车速大于最高车速时,同时给出超速信号;
传统模式为:远、近光模式。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于智能化汽车灯的多像素照明与显示装置,其特征在于:所述电源部分提供1安培的恒流源,为LED阵列供电;
所述1安培的恒流源包括DC-DC恒流源芯片;所述恒流源芯片内部由比较运放构成,通过FB端口外接R60-R66、电容C47构成反馈电路;所述反馈电路用于调节LED阵列的驱动电流,使其输出为1A恒流源。
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CN109572535A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2019-04-05 河南中远光电科技有限公司 基于视觉处理和传感器技术的车用投影照明显示系统

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WO2022155903A1 (zh) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-28 智马达汽车有限公司 一种车灯投影的调焦系统及车辆
CN113625714A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-09 重庆大学 一种基于并行求解的自动驾驶运动规划方法
CN113625714B (zh) * 2021-08-11 2024-03-15 重庆大学 一种基于并行求解的自动驾驶运动规划方法

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