CN110961646A - Metal powder and method for producing same - Google Patents
Metal powder and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110961646A CN110961646A CN201911082177.XA CN201911082177A CN110961646A CN 110961646 A CN110961646 A CN 110961646A CN 201911082177 A CN201911082177 A CN 201911082177A CN 110961646 A CN110961646 A CN 110961646A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to metal powder and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing an electrode and a metal workpiece at two poles of a power supply, adjusting a discharge gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece through a motion control system, generating arc plasma, melting the surfaces of the electrode and the metal workpiece to form a melting zone, introducing a fluid medium, controlling the flow rate of the fluid medium, controlling the relative rotation speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece to change the working form of the arc plasma, generating micro explosion in the melting zone, throwing away and crushing materials in the melting zone, collecting condensed fine spherical powder, cleaning, drying and screening, collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 mu m to obtain metal powder, and controlling the motion control system, power supply parameters, the rotation speed and the flow rate to obtain the metal powder with different particle size distributions in a range. The method has the advantages of high yield of the metal powder fine powder, uniform particle size distribution of the metal particles, good fluidity, good sphericity and low content of the hollow powder and the satellite powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal powder preparation, in particular to metal powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The metal powder belongs to loose substances, and the properties of the metal powder comprehensively reflect the properties of the metal, the properties of single particles and the properties of particle groups. The properties of metal powders are generally divided into chemical, physical and process properties. Chemical properties refer to metal content and impurity content. Physical properties include the average particle size and particle size distribution of the powder, the specific surface and true density of the powder, the shape, surface topography and internal microstructure of the particles. The processing properties are a combination of properties including powder flowability, apparent density, tap density, compressibility, formability, and sintered dimensional change. The properties of metal powders depend to a large extent on the method of production of the powder and the process for its preparation.
The most widely used methods for preparing the powder are reduction, atomization and electrolysis. The reduction method for preparing metal powder mainly uses a reducing agent to deprive oxygen in metal oxide powder so as to reduce metal into powder. The reducing agent can be classified into a gaseous reducing agent, a solid reducing agent, and the like. The powder particles produced by the reduction process are mostly irregular in shape with a sponge structure. The atomization method is a method of atomizing metal into fine droplets and solidifying the fine droplets into powder in a cooling medium, and is widely applied to a centrifugal atomization method of smashing a metal liquid flow by using high-pressure air, nitrogen, argon and high-pressure water as a jet medium, and also reasonably crushing by a rotating disk and rotating a melt by itself. The electrolytic method for preparing metal powder is to apply direct current to metal salt solution, and metal ions are discharged and precipitated on a cathode to form a deposition layer which is easy to be broken into powder. The metal ions generally originate from the dissolution of the anode of the same metal and migrate from the anode to the cathode under the action of an electric current. Although the powder prepared by the electrolytic method has high purity, the powder is mostly dendritic, the power consumption is large, and the cost is high.
In summary, it is difficult to prepare metal powder having good sphericity, small particle size and good fluidity by the conventional preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the fact that in the conventional metal powder preparation process, a certain short plate always exists in one or more aspects of sphericity, granularity and fluidity of the prepared metal powder, the invention provides a novel metal powder preparation method, which skillfully combines a plasma rotating electrode method and an air atomization method and adds an electric arc micro-explosion technology, so that the prepared metal powder has various excellent performances of high fine powder yield, uniform granularity, regular particle shape, good sphericity, low content of hollow powder and satellite and good fluidity.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method of making a metal powder comprising the steps of:
placing an electrode and a metal workpiece at two poles of a power supply, adjusting a discharge gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece through a motion control system to generate arc plasma, enabling the electrode and the metal workpiece to be melted when the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the electrode and the metal workpiece to form a melting zone, introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap, enabling the working form of the arc plasma to be changed by controlling the flow rate of the fluid medium and the relative rotating speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece to enable the melting zone to generate micro explosion, crushing and throwing away materials in the melting zone, condensing the crushed molten materials in the fluid medium, and collecting condensed fine spherical powder to obtain primary powder;
cleaning, drying and screening the primary powder, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 μm to obtain metal powder;
obtaining metal powder with different particle size distributions by controlling the motion control system, power supply parameters, rotating speed and flow rate;
the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity and/or the metal workpiece is provided with a hollow cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the metal spherical powder comprises the steps of respectively placing an electrode and a metal workpiece at two poles of a power supply, taking arc plasma as a high-density energy heat source to act on the surfaces of the electrode and the metal workpiece, melting the surfaces of the electrode and the workpiece to form a tiny melting pit, namely a melting area, simultaneously introducing a fluid medium between the electrode and the metal workpiece, and continuously throwing materials in the melting area from the melting pit through the relative displacement of the electrode and the metal workpiece and the arc moving coupling action of the fluid medium, so that the discharge rate of particles is improved, and the production efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the working state of the arc plasma can be changed by controlling the rotating speed of the electrode or the rotating speed of the metal workpiece and the flow rate of the fluid medium, so that the melting zone generates tiny explosion, the material in the melting zone is crushed and thrown away, the material is further refined, then the crushed and thrown away material in the melting zone is rapidly cooled in the fluid medium, fine particles are solidified into spherical powder due to the contraction effect of surface tension in the condensation process, and the collected and cooled metal powder is primary powder. And collecting the primary powder, cleaning, drying and screening the primary powder, and further collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 microns, namely the metal powder. Wherein the finely divided particles are rapidly condensed in a fluid medium to obtain a primary powder having good sphericity, and the metal powder is given better fluidity in combination with further sieving of the particles of 10 μm to 250 μm. The metal powder fine powder prepared by the method has the advantages of high yield, uniform granularity, regular particle shape, good sphericity, low content of hollow powder and satellite and good fluidity.
Further, the motion control system is controlled to adjust the relative position of the electrode and the workpiece to be within 0.1mm-100mm, the rotating speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece is controlled to be within 100r/min-60000r/min, and the flow speed of the fluid medium during initial introduction is controlled to be within 0.5L/min-500L/min, so that the fine powder yield is improved, and more metal powder with the particle size of 10 mu m-250 mu m is collected.
Furthermore, the trumpet-shaped buffer part and the stepped multi-stage powder collecting device are adopted to collect the fine spherical powder in the fluid medium, and the fine spherical powder in the fluid medium can be deposited along with the flow of the fluid medium through the buffer part and each stage of the steps, so that the fine spherical powder is prevented from losing or splashing along with the fluid medium, and the aim of improving the fine powder yield is further fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the powder production by the arc micro-explosion technique;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the metal powder of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the metal powder of example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the metal powder of example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
A method of making a metal powder comprising the steps of:
placing an electrode and a metal workpiece at two poles of a power supply, adjusting a discharge gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece through a motion control system to generate arc plasma, enabling the electrode and the metal workpiece to be melted when the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the electrode and the metal workpiece to form a melting zone, introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap, enabling the working form of the arc plasma to be changed by controlling the flow rate of the fluid medium and the relative rotating speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece to enable the melting zone to generate micro explosion, crushing and throwing away materials in the melting zone, condensing the crushed molten materials in the fluid medium, and collecting condensed fine spherical powder to obtain primary powder;
cleaning, drying and screening the primary powder, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 μm to obtain metal powder;
obtaining metal powder with different particle size distributions by controlling the motion control system, power supply parameters, rotating speed and flow rate;
the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity and/or the metal workpiece is provided with a hollow cavity.
Wherein, placing the electrode and the metal workpiece at two poles of the power supply can be understood as follows: connecting the electrode to an anode of the power supply and connecting the metal workpiece to a cathode of the power supply. It is also understood that the electrode is connected to the cathode of the power supply and the metal workpiece is connected to the anode of the power supply. The method breaks through the limitation that the metal workpiece can only be connected with the cathode of a power supply in the prior art, has no special limitation on the appearance of the metal workpiece, and can also improve the efficiency and the fine powder yield in the preparation process of the metal powder by changing the polarities of the electrode and the metal workpiece.
When the electrode is connected to the anode of a power supply, the power supply drives the electrode to rotate, and at the moment, the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity. It is understood that the electrode provided with a hollow cavity is an electrode provided with a single tube, multiple tubes and hollow nests.
In some preferred embodiments, the electrode is an electrode provided with a single tube having a partial structure as shown in the left side of fig. 1, and the single tube electrode is provided with electrode assemblies 110 and a passage tube 120 between the electrode assemblies. The passage tube is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the fluid medium can enter from the inlet in the passage tube and flow out from the outlet in the passage tube. The outlet of the passage pipe is directed toward the workpiece, so that the fluid medium can be made to flow toward the workpiece. Additionally, the fluid medium may also enter from outside the channel tube 130, follow the outer surface of the electrode assembly, and flow toward the workpiece.
It will be appreciated that the fluid medium may be introduced separately from within or outside the hollow cavity of the electrode, or may be introduced simultaneously from within and outside the hollow cavity of the electrode. The fluid media flowing in from the inside of the middle cavity and the outside of the middle cavity can be the same fluid media or different fluid media. The fluid medium introduced into the hollow cavity and outside the hollow cavity is independently selected from water-based media and/or inert gases, including nitrogen.
The aqueous medium is preferably distilled water.
The power source drives the workpiece to rotate when the metal workpiece is connected to the anode of the power source. At this time, the metal workpiece is provided with a hollow cavity. The fluid medium can be respectively and independently introduced from the inside or the outside of the hollow cavity of the metal workpiece, and also can be simultaneously introduced from the inside and the outside of the hollow cavity of the metal workpiece. The introduction of the fluid medium from outside the hollow cavity of the metal workpiece can be understood as follows: the fluid medium flows along the outer surface of the metal workpiece to the electrode. The fluid media flowing in from the inside of the middle cavity and the outside of the middle cavity can be the same fluid media or different fluid media. The fluid medium introduced into the hollow cavity and outside the hollow cavity is independently selected from water-based media and/or inert gases, including nitrogen.
The aqueous medium is preferably distilled water.
The power supply is a pulse power supply, the pulse width is 2-200000 mus, and the pulse interval is 2-200000 mus. And adjusting a discharge gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece to generate arc plasma, wherein the discharge gap is preferably that the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the surface of the workpiece is 0.1mm-100 mm. The distance can ensure that the arc plasma can act on the electrode and the workpiece and ensure that the fluid medium has great pressure when passing through. The central temperature of the arc plasma is as high as 10000K, most conductive materials can be melted, the surface of the metal workpiece is melted under the action of the arc plasma, a micro melting pit with the radius range of 0.5mm-2mm, namely a melting area, is formed, and at the moment, the electrode does mechanical motion of high-speed rotation relative to the metal workpiece.
Preferably, the power supply parameters of the power supply further include: the gap voltage is 10-160V, and the discharge current is 5A-1000A.
Preferably, the electrode is a copper electrode or a graphite electrode.
And when the power supply is started, a fluid medium is introduced between the electrode and the metal workpiece. Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment for introducing a fluid medium, the flow direction of which is indicated by the arrow in fig. 1. The right side of the discharge gap in fig. 1 is enlarged with arc plasma 210 and the melting pit 220. Through the relative displacement of the electrode/metal workpiece and the moving arc coupling action of the fluid medium, the material in the melting area is continuously thrown away from the melting pit, so that the discharge rate of particles is improved, and the processing efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the working state of the arc plasma can be changed by controlling the rotating speed of the electrode or the rotating speed of the metal workpiece and the flow rate of the fluid medium, so that the melting zone generates tiny explosion, the material in the melting zone is crushed, and the material is further refined.
When the electrode is connected with a power supply anode, the rotating speed of the electrode is preferably 100r/min-60000r/min, more preferably 3000r/min-60000 r/min. Similarly, when the metal workpiece is connected with the power supply anode, the rotating speed of the metal workpiece is preferably 100r/min-60000r/min, and more preferably 3000r/min-60000 r/min.
Preferably, the flow rate at which the fluid medium is initially introduced is 0.5L/min to 500L/min.
The rotating speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece is controlled within the range, and the flow speed of the fluid medium during initial introduction is controlled within the range, so that the fine powder yield is improved, and more metal powder with the particle size of 10-250 mu m is collected.
It is understood that the electrode is a conductive material or a weakly conductive material, and the materials of the electrode and the metal workpiece may be the same or different.
The method is suitable for preparing various metal powders because the central temperature of the arc plasma is as high as 10000K to melt most metals. For example: the metal workpiece includes, but is not limited to, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, cemented carbide (type may be YG8, YG10, YG20, YN15, etc.), stainless steel (type may be 302, 304, 316L, 410, 430, etc.), copper alloy (red copper, tin bronze, brass, etc.), nickel alloy, titanium alloy (type may be TA7, TA15, TC4, TC10, etc.), and the like.
Furthermore, the above method does not impose an excessive requirement on the outer shape of the metal workpiece, and the workpiece may be in a regular or irregular form such as a bar or a block.
The material after micro-explosion is rapidly cooled in a fluid medium, the crushed fine particles are solidified into fine spherical powder under the contraction action of surface tension in the condensation process, and the powder is collected to be primary powder.
Specifically, the device that adopts that collects above-mentioned fine spherical powder in fluid medium is multistage receipts powder device, multistage receipts powder device be provided with the buffer portion that is loudspeaker form and with the echelonment collection platform of the buffer uneven smooth connection that loudspeaker form, each grade ladder all corresponds to a collection platform. The fine spherical powder after condensation flows out of the multistage powder collecting device along with the fluid medium, then, the fine spherical powder can be deposited on each stage along with the flow of the fluid medium through each stage of the stage, the phenomenon that the fluid medium directly scours to the powder collecting box to cause the fine spherical powder to run off or splash along with the fluid medium is avoided, the integrity of powder collection is ensured, and the purpose of improving the fine powder collecting rate is realized.
The obtained primary powder is washed, dried and sieved. Wherein the cleaning agent can be selected from carbonic acid cleaning agent, alcohol cleaning agent or ether cleaning agent, and can clean the oil stain in the powder. The carbonic acid cleaning agent, the alcohol cleaning agent or the ether cleaning agent has low melting point, is volatile and is convenient for subsequent drying.
And drying the cleaned powder in a vacuum drying box or a resistance box, sieving the metal powder in a grading sieve after drying, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 microns. Preferably, particles having a particle size of 10 μm to 103 μm are collected.
The finely divided particles are rapidly condensed in the fluid medium and the resulting primary powder has good sphericity, giving the metal powder better flowability.
The metal powder prepared by the method has the advantages of high yield, regular particle shape, good sphericity, low content of hollow powder and satellite powder and good fluidity.
The following description will be given with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
the block nickel alloy is used as a metal workpiece with the size of 100mm 20mm, and after being cleaned and decontaminated, the metal workpiece is connected with a cathode of a power supply. The tube graphite electrode was connected to the positive electrode of the electric tube. The distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the workpiece is 0.5 mm. The multiple tubes refer to a plurality of passage tubes located between the electrode assemblies, the outlet of the passage tubes facing the bulk nickel alloy.
Setting power supply parameters as follows: the gap voltage is 45V-55V, the discharge current is 500A, the pulse width is 2000 mus, the pulse interval is 200 mus, the power supply is started, and the rotating speed of the electrode is controlled to be 3000 r/min. And simultaneously, introducing distilled water into the plurality of channel pipes, wherein the flow rate is 20L/min when the distilled water is introduced. Under the process conditions, the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the copper electrode and the nickel alloy workpiece, the molten material is continuously discharged along with the distilled water, is exploded and crushed, is finally condensed into powder in the distilled water, and enters a stepped multistage powder collecting device along with the distilled water to obtain primary powder.
And (3) cleaning the primary powder by using a carbonic acid cleaning agent, drying after cleaning, sieving after drying, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 microns, namely the metal powder, as shown in figure 2.
After processing for 1h, weighing the obtained metal powder with the particle size of 10-250 microns, and calculating the proportion of the collected powder weight in the total weight of the metal workpiece weight reduction, namely the yield of fine powder reaches 88.3%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
using a bar-shaped copper alloy as a metal workpiece with an outer diameter of
An inner diameter of
The length is 100mm, and after cleaning and decontamination, the anode of a power supply is connected. Connecting a copper electrode with a cathode of a power supply, wherein the distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the workpiece is 1mm, and the rodlike copper alloy is provided with a channel pipe, and the outlet of the channel pipe faces the copper electrode.
Setting power supply parameters as follows: the gap voltage is 45V-55V, the discharge current is 500A, the pulse width is 2000 mus, the pulse interval is 200 mus, the power supply is started, and the rotating speed of the electrode is controlled to be 3000 r/min. Meanwhile, distilled water is introduced into the channel pipe and the channel pipe, and the flow rate is 20L/min when the distilled water is introduced. Under the process conditions, the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the copper electrode and the copper alloy workpiece, the molten material is continuously discharged along with the distilled water, is exploded and crushed, is finally condensed into powder in the distilled water, and enters a stepped multistage powder collecting device along with the distilled water to obtain primary powder.
And (3) cleaning the primary powder by using a carbonic acid cleaning agent, drying after cleaning, sieving after drying, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 microns, namely the metal powder, as shown in figure 3.
After the metal powder is processed for 0.5h, the metal powder with the grain diameter of 10-250 microns is obtained, and the weight of the collected powder accounts for the weight-reduced total mass of the metal workpiece, namely the yield of the fine powder reaches 86.1 percent.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a novel spherical powder, which is substantially the same as the method of example 1 except that the rotation speed of the electrodes and the flow rate of distilled water are different. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the block nickel alloy is used as a metal workpiece with the size of 100mm 20mm, and after being cleaned and decontaminated, the metal workpiece is connected with a cathode of a power supply. The tube graphite was connected to the positive electrode of the electric tube. The distance between the discharge end of the electrode and the workpiece is 0.5 mm. The multiple tubes refer to a plurality of passage tubes located between the electrode assemblies, the outlet of the passage tubes facing the bulk nickel alloy.
Setting power supply parameters as follows: the gap voltage is 45V-55V, the discharge current is 500A, the pulse width is 2000 mus, the pulse interval is 200 mus, the power supply is started, and the rotating speed of the electrode is controlled to be 1000 r/min. And simultaneously, introducing distilled water into the plurality of channel pipes, wherein the flow rate is 20L/min when the distilled water is introduced. Under the process conditions, the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the copper electrode and the nickel alloy workpiece, the molten material is continuously discharged along with the distilled water, is exploded and crushed, is finally condensed into powder in the distilled water, and enters a stepped multistage powder collecting device along with the distilled water to obtain primary powder.
And (3) cleaning the primary powder by using a carbonic acid cleaning agent, drying after cleaning, sieving after drying, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 microns, namely the metal powder, as shown in figure 4.
After processing for 1h, weighing the obtained metal powder with the particle size of 10-250 microns, and calculating the proportion of the weight of the collected powder in the total weight of the weight loss of the metal workpiece, namely the yield of the fine powder reaches 79.6 percent.
The fluidity of the metal powders of examples 1 to 3 was measured, and the measurement method and results were as follows:
the fluidity of the metal powder, i.e. the time required for 50g of metal powder to flow through a funnel of standard size, was measured three times as an arithmetic mean, as specified in the standard funnel method (Hall flow meter) for the determination of the fluidity of metal powders in GB/T1482-.
The determination step comprises: the outlet of the funnel was closed with a finger, and the sample was placed in the funnel. To ensure that the powder fills the bottom of the funnel, a stopwatch is started when the aperture of the funnel is opened and terminated when the powder in the funnel has completely run out. The time was recorded to the nearest 0.1 s.
The metal powder flow of example 1 was 21.57 s; metal powder flowability of example 2 22.88 s; the metal powder of example 3 had a flow of 25.34 s.
As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4 and the results of the fluidity tests, examples 1 to 3 have high fine powder yield of the metal powder prepared by the method of the present invention, uniform particle size distribution of the metal particles, good fluidity, good sphericity, and low content of the hollow powder and the satellite powder, and compared to example 1, in example 3, the change of the rotation speed of the electrode and the initial flow rate of the fluid medium has an influence on the fine powder yield of the metal powder, and the fine powder yield is higher under the process parameters of example 1.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing metal powder, characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing an electrode and a metal workpiece at two poles of a power supply, adjusting a discharge gap between the electrode and the metal workpiece through a motion control system to generate arc plasma, enabling the electrode and the metal workpiece to be melted when the arc plasma acts on the surfaces of the electrode and the metal workpiece to form a melting zone, introducing a fluid medium into the discharge gap, enabling the working form of the arc plasma to be changed by controlling the flow rate of the fluid medium and the relative rotating speed of the electrode or the metal workpiece to enable the melting zone to generate micro explosion, crushing and throwing away materials in the melting zone, condensing the crushed molten materials in the fluid medium, and collecting condensed fine spherical powder to obtain primary powder;
cleaning, drying and screening the primary powder, and collecting particles with the particle size of 10-250 μm to obtain metal powder;
obtaining metal powder with different particle size distributions by controlling the motion control system, power supply parameters, rotating speed and flow rate;
the electrode is provided with a hollow cavity and/or the metal workpiece is provided with a hollow cavity.
2. The method for preparing a novel spherical powder according to claim 1, wherein the power source is a direct current pulse power source, a direct current constant current power source, an alternating current pulse power source or an alternating current constant current power source.
3. The method for preparing novel spherical powder according to claim 1, wherein the arc plasma in a desired discharge state is obtained by adjusting the relative position of the electrode and the workpiece by the motion control system.
4. A method of producing metal powder according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the electrode is 3000r/min to 60000r/min, or the rotation speed of the workpiece is 3000r/min to 60000 r/min.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a flow rate at which the fluid medium is initially introduced is 0.5L/min to 500L/min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein a distance between a discharge end of the electrode and the workpiece is 0.1mm to 100 mm.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fine spherical powder after condensation is collected by using a multistage powder collecting apparatus.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the multistage powder collecting device comprises a trumpet-shaped buffer part and a step-shaped collecting platform smoothly connected with the trumpet-shaped buffer part, and each step corresponds to one collecting platform.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cleaning agent used for cleaning the primary powder is an alcohol cleaning agent, an ether cleaning agent or a carbonic acid cleaning agent.
10. A metal powder produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN201911082177.XA CN110961646B (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Metal powder and method for producing the same |
| JP2022526418A JP7407927B2 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-19 | New spherical powder and its manufacturing method |
| CA3163929A CA3163929C (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-19 | New spherical powder and preparation method therefor |
| EP19951796.2A EP4056301A4 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-19 | New spherical powder and preparation method therefor |
| PCT/CN2019/126466 WO2021088217A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-19 | New spherical powder and preparation method therefor |
| US17/775,192 US20220395899A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-19 | New spherical powder and preparation method therefor |
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| CN111451518A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳创源航天科技有限公司 | Electric arc micro-explosion metal powder preparation device and control method thereof |
| CN113020613A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-25 | 深圳航天科创实业有限公司 | Hollow powder and method for producing same |
| CN113070481A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing metal powder by cavitation jet flow assisted electric arc micro-explosion and metal powder |
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| CN113828407A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-24 | 深圳航天科创实业有限公司 | Efficient crushing method for waste hard materials |
| CN113643830A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | Method for processing core of heat pipe cooling reactor |
| CN115155761A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-11 | 佛山市兆冠科技咨询服务有限公司 | Preparation process, preparation device and application of large-specific-surface-area ultrafine powder |
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