CN110959864A - 蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量x射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量X射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用，经动物实验结果显示，与辐射对照组比较，蓝莓提取物能使实验小鼠外周血白细胞数明显增多；骨髓有核细胞数显著增多；肝组织SOD活性和胸腺指数均显著升高。上述实验结果表明，给X射线诱导慢性低剂量辐射模型小鼠补充适量的蓝莓提取物可明显减轻其辐射损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蓝莓提取物的新作用，特别是涉及蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量X射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用。
背景技术
辐射通常分为电离辐射和非电离辐射。X射线、γ射线、α粒子、β粒子、质子等高速的带电微观粒子与不带电的中子流的辐射为电离辐射；红外线、微波、无线电波、雷达波等能量低、无法使物质产生电离的辐射称之为非电离辐射，也称为电磁辐射。
人们日常接触更多的是低剂量电离辐射，根据联合国原子辐射效应科学委员会的报告，将剂量低于0.2Gy、剂量率低于0.1mGy/min(1h以内或1h以上的平均剂量率)的X和γ射线外照射剂量定义为低剂量辐射。
长期接触X射的人群主要包括：(1)从事医学检查的放射科医生；(2)采用介入治疗的医生，长期在X射线照射下工作的医务人员；(3)在民航、车站等从事安检的人员；(4)使用X射线直线加速器接受化疗的患者；(5)患有肺部肿瘤等疾病、需要经常接受X线检查的患者；(6)涉核人员，等。
X射线接触累计到一定程度、超过安全剂量范围，极易发生X射线损伤，甚至发生慢性放射病。临床表现：(1)白细胞降低；(2)甲状腺功能低下；(3)晶体异常；(4)心电图异常，等。严重者甚至发生染色体畸变率和微核率升高、产生细胞遗传学的远期损伤效应。因此，X射线诱导的慢性低剂量辐射损伤会对人体各种代谢、造血功能、免疫系统、生殖系统等造成显著影响，不可低估；研发用于抗X射线的防护药物和功能食品，势在必行！
目前对抗辐射制剂已进行了大量研究，其中疗效最为明确、且已获得美国FDA批准应用于临床作为放、化疗保护剂的是氨磷汀，它属于巯基类化合物，但其缺点是毒副作用大，因此，寻找一种抗辐射功效确切、毒副作用小的制剂意义重大。
蓝莓含有丰富的碳水化合物、氨基酸、维生素及多种矿物元素，其主要活性成分花色苷可直接清除自由基，发挥抗氧化作用。本课题组前期研究结果表明，一种含蓝莓花色苷的谷物发酵物可增加137Cs-γ射线照射小鼠骨髓有核细胞数、外周血白细胞数及血清SOD活性，提示该发酵物对γ射线诱导的损伤具有一定的防护效用。另有研究结果显示，蓝莓花青素能够有效拮抗60Co-γ射线照射小鼠外周血白细胞(WBC)及血清SOD活性的降低，提示蓝莓花青素对γ射线照射具有一定的抗辐射作用。但蓝莓提取物对X射线诱导慢性低剂量辐射损伤的保护作用未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足，提供蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量X射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用。
本发明的技术方案概述如下：
蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量X射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用。
经动物实验结果显示，与辐射对照组比较，蓝莓提取物能使实验小鼠外周血白细胞数明显增多；骨髓有核细胞数显著增多；肝组织SOD活性和胸腺指数均显著升高。上述实验结果表明，给X射线诱导慢性低剂量辐射模型小鼠补充适量的蓝莓提取物可明显减轻其辐射损伤。
附图说明
图1为蓝莓提取物对X射线损伤小鼠外周白细胞的影响(与对照组比较，**P<0.01；与辐射组比较，#P<0.05)的影响。
图2为蓝莓提取物对X射线损伤小鼠骨髓有核细胞数量的影响(与对照组比较，**P<0.01；与辐射组比较，#P<0.05)。
图3为蓝莓提取物对X射线损伤小鼠肝组织SOD活性的影响(与对照组比较，*P<0.05，**P<0.01；与辐射组比较，#P<0.05)。
图4为蓝莓提取物对X射线损伤小鼠胸腺指数的影响(与对照组比较，**P<0.01；与辐射组比较，#P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
蓝莓提取物以辽宁大兴安岭林格贝有机食品有限责任公司出品为例，也可以选用其它企业生产的产品。其中经高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测，蓝莓提取物中的花青素(矢车菊和芍药素)含量为115.51±8.60g/kg。这个含量及以上的蓝莓提取物都可以用于本发明。
实施例1
效果评价
清洁级昆明雄性小鼠36只，6～8周龄，体质量35～40g。动物适应性喂养7d，第8天开始灌胃干预，连续14天，第22天开始连续辐射7天，同时灌胃干预。
实验小鼠分为3组，每组12只小鼠。
①对照组：不辐射，灌胃蒸馏水0.5ml。
②辐射组：采用X射线辐射，每次辐射剂量率0.08Gy/h，1h/d，连续辐射7d，灌胃蒸馏水0.5ml。
③蓝莓提取物组：辐射方法同辐射组，辐射前14d及辐射期(7d)灌胃蓝莓提取物600mg/kg·d。
常规饲养，自由进食饮水，每3天称重一次。辐射结束后立即处死动物，取胸腺称重，计算脏器指数；取血100μl，全自动细胞计数仪测定外周血白细胞(WBC)的数量；分离股骨，全自动血细胞分析仪进行外周血细胞骨髓有核细胞计数；取肝组织，制备匀浆，南京建成生物公司试剂盒检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。
结果显示，(1)与对照组比较，辐射组小鼠外周血白细胞数和骨髓有核细胞数均显著降低，提示X射线照射引起动物辐射损伤；与辐射组比较，蓝莓提取物组小鼠外周血白细胞和骨髓有核细胞数均显著增加(图1)。(2)与对照组比较，辐射组小鼠肝组织SOD活性显著降低；与辐射组比较，蓝莓提取物干预组小鼠肝组织SOD活性显著升高(图2)。(3)与对照组比较，辐射组小鼠胸腺指数均显著下降；与辐射组比较，蓝莓提取物干预组小鼠胸腺指数显著升高(图3)。
上述实验结果表明，蓝莓提取物对低剂量X射线辐射损伤具有辅助保护的作用。
蓝莓提取物加入药学可接受的辅料，按常规方法制成片剂或冲剂或胶囊剂。
Claims (1)
1.蓝莓提取物在制备抗低剂量X射线辐射损伤的功能食品中的应用。
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