CN110958320A - Online automatic monitoring system and method based on Internet of things - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
- H04L67/025—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
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- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of measurement and monitoring of geological, geotechnical and structural engineering, and provides an online automatic monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things, which are used for realizing remote acquisition and processing of field data. The invention provides an online automatic monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a cloud end, a data acquisition end and a monitoring end, wherein the monitoring end is connected with the data acquisition end; the cloud end comprises a visualization module and a data processing module, and the data acquisition end is connected with the data processing module; the monitoring end comprises a plurality of monitoring modules, and the monitoring modules are arranged on corresponding monitoring objects and used for measuring the physical states of the monitoring objects. The deformation or change of the rock-soil body or the engineering structure of various engineering categories and engineering projects is effectively monitored, early-warned and controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measurement and monitoring of geological, geotechnical and structural engineering, in particular to an online automatic monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things.
Background
The deformation safety monitoring technology is a typical interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, integrates knowledge of multiple disciplines such as civil engineering, mapping engineering, engineering geology and hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering and computer science, and is widely applied to multiple engineering fields such as geotechnical engineering (foundation pit engineering, slope engineering and soft soil foundation treatment engineering), geological engineering (geological disasters such as landslide, collapse and ground subsidence), structural engineering (buildings, structures, tunnels and the like). The method aims to know the change development process of a monitored object and analyze the safety state (stability) of the monitored object by measuring engineering physical quantities such as displacement, inclination, stress, seepage and the like of engineering objects such as rock and soil masses, structures and the like and surrounding environments of the engineering objects in a multi-period manner, provide safety early warning and provide data support for engineering design and construction.
Although the technical requirements for deformation safety monitoring are different in the above-mentioned engineering fields, the basic method for deformation safety monitoring is general. Currently, common deformation safety monitoring methods include a monitoring and measuring method using instruments and equipment such as a total station, a level, three-dimensional laser scanning and the like, a camera, an unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional camera shooting method, a GPS satellite positioning-based measuring method and the like. However, data acquisition and post-processing of these means rely on manual operation, and the method has long field work time, huge field data processing workload and low efficiency, and further cannot meet the requirements of long-term, high monitoring frequency, data analysis, early warning timeliness and the like in part of engineering fields (such as geological disasters). The existing automatic monitoring method based on GNSS positioning has the defects of large volume of front-end equipment, high cost, inflexible deployment (having requirements on top clearance, power supply, communication, lightning protection and the like), insufficient precision, single measurement factor and the like.
At present, a part of automatic monitoring systems based on sensors are arranged, a front-end data acquisition part and a back-end data processing server need to be connected through a private network, and the structure hardware has high cost, large construction engineering quantity and inflexible deployment. In addition, the existing automatic monitoring system generally has different types of self-formed systems of front-end data acquisition equipment and back-end data processing software (the systems cannot be compatible with each other, the integration difficulty is high, and the reliability is poor), and the back-end data processing software cannot realize the business functions of data visualization, linkage early warning, automatic reporting and the like according to the requirements of industrial specifications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online automatic monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things, aiming at realizing remote acquisition of field data.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an online automatic monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a cloud end, a data acquisition end and a monitoring end, wherein the monitoring end is connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end; the cloud comprises a visualization module and a data processing module, the data acquisition end is connected with the data processing module, the data acquisition end transmits the data acquired by the monitoring end to the cloud, and the data processing module of the cloud processes the data and then outputs the processed data by the visualization module; the monitoring end comprises a plurality of monitoring modules, and the monitoring modules are arranged on corresponding monitoring objects and used for measuring the physical states of the monitoring objects.
Monitoring is carried out through a monitoring end of a cloud control site, data are obtained, and a data acquisition end plays a role in connecting the cloud end and the monitoring end.
The remote control of a monitoring field is realized, and the deformation or change of the rock-soil body or the engineering structure of various engineering categories and engineering projects can be effectively monitored, early-warned and controlled.
Preferably, the monitoring module comprises one or more of a tilt sensor, a crack monitoring device, a displacement sensor, a force sensor, a water level sensor, a rainfall sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an audible and visual alarm and a satellite positioning device; the number of the monitoring ends is not less than one, different monitoring ends are connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the monitoring end; the monitoring end and the data acquisition end are communicated through a protocol based on a 16-system communication instruction, and the protocol comprises but is not limited to Modbus and CANbus. The monitoring module is used for monitoring the attitude of the unfavorable geologic body and transmitting the monitored data to the outside in time.
Preferably, the data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end through a wireless or wired network, and the data acquisition end and the cloud end are communicated through TCP, HTTP and MQTT protocols.
Preferably, the cloud end further comprises a data collection module, the data collection module is connected with the data collection end, and the data collection module sends a request to the data collection end and receives returned data; the data processing module is connected with the data acquisition end through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module processes data and stores the processed data into a database. The data collected on site are collected by the data collecting module and then processed by the data processing module.
Preferably, the data processing module includes an identification module, a splitting module, and a data entry module, the identification module determines the type of the data, the splitting module splits the data according to the type of the data and the time of acquisition, and the data entry module stores the split data in a database. The data processing module splits different types of data, for example, the angle, pressure and width data are classified according to the acquisition time after being identified, and then the data are recorded into a database by the data recording module.
Preferably, the visualization module includes an interaction module and a reprocessing module, the interaction module and the reprocessing module are connected to the database, the interaction module obtains a request for data calling, the interaction module sends a data reprocessing instruction according to the calling request, and the reprocessing module receives the instruction, reprocesses the data and returns the data to the interaction module. The interactive module faces to the user, and the user can call data or obtain visual graphs after the data is reprocessed.
Preferably, the cloud further comprises an alarm module, the alarm module is connected with the data processing module, the alarm module screens the data processed by the data processing module, and alarm information is generated and stored when the data exceeds a preset threshold value in the screening process; and determining a data source, and sending an alarm instruction to a sound-light alarm device of the data source. The alarm module can inform the user to take measures in time after monitoring that the data is abnormal.
Preferably, the data acquisition end still includes power supply unit and collection module, collection module is connected with power supply unit, power supply unit includes from power generation module and energy storage module, from power generation module and energy storage module are connected.
Preferably, the data acquisition end comprises a first communication module, the monitoring end comprises a second communication module, the second communication module is connected with the monitoring module and transmits the data monitored by the monitoring module to the outside, the first communication module is connected with the second communication module in a wireless or wired mode, and the first communication module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the second communication module; the first communication module is connected with the cache module, the cache module is connected with the cloud end, and the cache module is used for caching data transmitted by the monitoring end.
An online automatic monitoring method based on the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
s11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the monitoring end through the data acquisition end periodically, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud periodically; the monitoring end acquires real-time state data of the bad geologic body through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time state data comprises one or more of an inclination angle, a crack width, a deformation quantity, stress, strain, an internal force, a water level, displacement, osmotic pressure and rainfall;
s12, the cloud receives the data, processes the data and stores the data in a database;
and S13, the cloud receives a request for reprocessing the data in the database, reprocesses the data and outputs a reprocessing result.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
s14, after the cloud end processes the data, comparing part of the data with a preset threshold value, and sending alarm information if the data exceeds the preset threshold value.
Preferably, in the step S11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the monitoring end periodically through the data acquisition end, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud; or the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the data acquisition end, the data acquisition end autonomously controls the monitoring end to acquire data and stores the acquired data in a cache module of the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end periodically returns the data to the cloud.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the remote control of a monitoring field is realized, the simultaneous monitoring of a plurality of bad geological bodies in one area is realized, and the effective monitoring and control of the bad geological bodies in a certain area are realized.
The method has the advantages that the front end is simple and reliable, communication is achieved through the public network, and functions of the back end are integrated.
1. The front-end monitoring module can support various sensors commonly used in engineering, including various sensors with digital quantity and analog quantity output.
2. The data acquisition end converts the output signal of the front-end monitoring module into an RS485 digital signal, the signal and the communication protocol of the server are unified into modbus, Canbus or a self-defined 16-system instruction, and the communication mode is communicated with the cloud end by means of public networks such as 4G. The purpose is to simplify the field device hardware, improve reliability and flexibility of deployment.
3. All functions of system management, control, service and the like are intensively deployed on a cloud server, so that field equipment is conveniently and uniformly managed, and centralized management is favorable for maintenance and upgrading of software.
4. The cloud end realizes the service functions of automatic data processing, data visualization according to the industry requirement, grading early warning, automatic reporting, field device remote management and the like through software, and the system has higher flexibility and maintainability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an online automatic monitoring method based on the internet of things.
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of an online automatic monitoring method based on the internet of things.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
An online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, and comprises a cloud end, a data acquisition end and a monitoring end, wherein the monitoring end is connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end; the cloud comprises a visualization module and a data processing module, the data acquisition end is connected with the data processing module, the data acquisition end transmits the data acquired by the monitoring end to the cloud, and the data processing module of the cloud processes the data and then outputs the processed data by the visualization module; the monitoring end comprises a plurality of monitoring modules, and the monitoring modules are arranged on corresponding monitoring objects and used for measuring the physical states of the monitoring objects. The monitoring module comprises a tilt angle sensor, a crack monitoring device, a displacement sensor, a satellite positioning device, a force sensor, a water level sensor, a rainfall sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an audible and visual alarm and the like; the number of the monitoring ends is not less than one, different monitoring ends are connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the monitoring end; the monitoring end and the data acquisition end are communicated through Modbus and CANbus protocols. The data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end through a wireless or wired network, and the data acquisition end and the cloud end are communicated through TCP, HTTP and MQTT protocols. The cloud end also comprises a data collection module, the data collection module is connected with the data collection end, and the data collection module sends a request to the data collection end and receives returned data; the data processing module is connected with the data acquisition end through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module processes data and stores the processed data into a database. The data processing module comprises an identification module, a splitting module and a data entry module, wherein the identification module determines the type of data, the splitting module splits the data according to the type of the data and the acquisition time, and the data entry module stores the split data into a database. The visualization module comprises an interaction module and a reprocessing module, the interaction module and the reprocessing module are connected with the database, the interaction module acquires a request for calling data, the interaction module sends a data reprocessing instruction according to the calling request, and the reprocessing module receives the instruction, reprocesses the data and returns the reprocessed data to the interaction module. The cloud end also comprises an alarm module, the alarm module is connected with the data processing module, the alarm module screens the data processed by the data processing module, and alarm information is generated and stored when the data exceeds a preset threshold value in the screening process; and determining a data source, and sending an alarm instruction to a sound-light alarm device of the data source. The data acquisition end still includes power supply unit and collection module, collection module is connected with power supply unit, power supply unit includes from power generation module and energy storage module, from power generation module and energy storage module connection.
Monitoring is carried out through a monitoring end of a cloud control site, data are obtained, and a data acquisition end plays a role in connecting the cloud end and the monitoring end.
The remote control of a monitoring field is realized, the effective monitoring and control of rock soil and structures of various engineering categories and a plurality of engineering projects in one region are realized, and monitoring results are transmitted outwards in time. The data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end through a wireless or wired network, and the data acquisition end and the cloud end are communicated through TCP, HTTP and MQTT protocols. The data collected on site are collected by the data collecting module and then processed by the data processing module. The data processing module splits different types of data, for example, data such as angle, pressure, displacement and the like are identified and then classified according to acquisition time, and the data are recorded into a database by the data recording module. The alarm module can inform the user to take measures in time after monitoring that the data is abnormal.
Example 2
An online monitoring method, as shown in fig. 3, includes:
s11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the monitoring end through the data acquisition end periodically, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud periodically; the monitoring end acquires real-time state data of rock soil and structures of various engineering categories and engineering projects through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time state data comprises one or more of inclination angle, stress, displacement, crack width, rainfall, water level and the like;
s12, the cloud receives the data, processes the data and stores the data in a database;
and S13, the cloud receives a request for reprocessing the data in the database, reprocesses the data and outputs a reprocessing result.
S14, after the cloud end processes the data, comparing part of the data with a preset threshold value, and sending alarm information if the data exceeds the preset threshold value.
Example 3
An online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things is disclosed, as shown in fig. 2, and comprises a cloud end, a data acquisition end and a monitoring end, wherein the monitoring end is connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end; the cloud comprises a visualization module and a data processing module, the data acquisition end is connected with the data processing module, the data acquisition end transmits the data acquired by the monitoring end to the cloud, and the data processing module of the cloud processes the data and then outputs the processed data by the visualization module; the monitoring end comprises a plurality of monitoring modules, and the monitoring modules are arranged on corresponding monitoring objects and used for measuring the physical states of the monitoring objects. The monitoring module comprises one or more of an inclination angle sensor, a crack width monitoring device, a displacement sensor, a satellite positioning device, a force sensor, a water level sensor and the like; the number of the monitoring ends is not less than one, different monitoring ends are connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the monitoring end; the monitoring end and the data acquisition end are communicated through Modbus and CANbus protocols. The data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end through a wireless or wired network, and the data acquisition end and the cloud end are communicated through TCP, HTTP and MQTT protocols. The cloud end also comprises a data collection module, the data collection module is connected with the data collection end, and the data collection module sends a request to the data collection end and receives returned data; the data processing module is connected with the data acquisition end through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module processes data and stores the processed data into a database. The data processing module comprises an identification module, a splitting module and a data entry module, wherein the identification module determines the type of data, the splitting module splits the data according to the type of the data and the acquisition time, and the data entry module stores the split data into a database. The visualization module comprises an interaction module and a reprocessing module, the interaction module and the reprocessing module are connected with the database, the interaction module acquires a request for calling data, the interaction module sends a data reprocessing instruction according to the calling request, and the reprocessing module receives the instruction, reprocesses the data and returns the reprocessed data to the interaction module. The cloud end also comprises an alarm module, the alarm module is connected with the data processing module, the alarm module screens the data processed by the data processing module, the data is found to exceed a preset threshold value in the screening process, the data in the database is found to exceed the preset threshold value in the screening process, alarm information is sent out, and the alarm information is generated and stored; and after the alarm information is sent out, determining a data source and sending an alarm instruction to the data source. The data acquisition end comprises a first communication module, the monitoring end comprises a second communication module, the second communication module is connected with the monitoring module and transmits data monitored by the monitoring module to the outside, the first communication module is connected with the second communication module in a wireless or wired mode, and the first communication module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the second communication module; the first communication module is connected with the cache module, the cache module is connected with the cloud end, and the cache module is used for caching data transmitted by the monitoring end.
Example 4
An online monitoring method, as shown in fig. 4, includes:
s11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the monitoring end periodically through the data acquisition end, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud; the monitoring end acquires real-time state data of rock soil and structures of various engineering categories and engineering projects through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time state data comprises an inclination angle, a crack width, stress, strain, internal force, a water level, displacement, osmotic pressure, rainfall and the like;
s12, the cloud receives the data, processes the data and stores the data in a database;
and S13, the cloud receives a request for reprocessing the data in the database, reprocesses the data and outputs a reprocessing result.
Example 5
An online monitoring method, comprising:
s11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the data acquisition end, the data acquisition end autonomously controls the monitoring end to acquire data and stores the acquired data in a cache module of the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end periodically returns the data to the cloud; the monitoring end acquires real-time state data of rock soil and structures of various engineering categories and engineering projects through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time state data comprises an inclination angle, a crack width, stress, strain, internal force, a water level, displacement, osmotic pressure and rainfall;
s12, the cloud receives the data, processes the data and stores the data in a database;
and S13, the cloud receives a request for reprocessing the data in the database, reprocesses the data and outputs a reprocessing result.
The above detailed description is specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the scope of the present invention should be included in the present claims.
Claims (10)
1. An online automatic monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a cloud end, a data acquisition end and a monitoring end, wherein the monitoring end is connected with the data acquisition end; the cloud comprises a visualization module and a data processing module, the data acquisition end is connected with the data processing module, the data acquisition end transmits the data acquired by the monitoring end to the cloud, and the data processing module of the cloud processes the data and then outputs the processed data by the visualization module; the monitoring end comprises a plurality of monitoring modules, and the monitoring modules are arranged on corresponding monitoring objects and used for measuring the physical states of the monitoring objects.
2. The internet of things-based online automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring module comprises one or more of a tilt sensor, a crack monitoring device, a displacement sensor, a force sensor, a water level sensor, a rainfall sensor, a laser displacement sensor, an audible and visual alarm and a satellite positioning device; the number of the monitoring ends is not less than one, different monitoring ends are connected with the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end is connected with the monitoring end; the monitoring end and the data acquisition end are communicated through a protocol based on a 16-system communication instruction, and the protocol comprises but is not limited to Modbus and CANbus.
3. The online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition end is connected with the cloud end through a wireless or wired network, and the data acquisition end and the cloud end are communicated through TCP, HTTP and MQTT protocols.
4. The internet of things-based online automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the cloud further comprises a data collection module, the data collection module is connected with the data collection terminal, and the data collection module sends a request to the data collection terminal and receives returned data; the data processing module is connected with the data acquisition end through the data acquisition module, and the data processing module processes data and stores the processed data into a database.
5. The internet of things-based online automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data processing module comprises an identification module, a splitting module and a data entry module, the identification module determines the type of the data, the splitting module splits the data according to the type of the data and the acquisition time, and the data entry module stores the split data in a database.
6. The online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the visualization module comprises an interaction module and a reprocessing module, the interaction module and the reprocessing module are connected with the database, the interaction module acquires a request for data calling, the interaction module sends a command for reprocessing the data according to the calling request, and the reprocessing module reprocesses the data after receiving the command and returns the data to the interaction module.
7. The online automatic monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the cloud further comprises an alarm module, the alarm module is connected with the data processing module, the alarm module screens data processed by the data processing module, and alarm information is generated and stored when the data exceeds a preset threshold value in the screening process; and determining a data source, and sending an alarm instruction to sound and light alarm equipment of the data source.
8. The internet of things-based online automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition end comprises a first communication module, the monitoring end comprises a second communication module, the second communication module is connected with the monitoring module and transmits data monitored by the monitoring module outwards, the first communication module is connected with the second communication module in a wireless or wired manner, and the first communication module is used for receiving data transmitted by the second communication module; the first communication module is connected with the cache module, the cache module is connected with the cloud end, and the cache module is used for caching data transmitted by the monitoring end.
9. An online automatic monitoring method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the monitoring end through the data acquisition end, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud; the monitoring end acquires state data of a monitored object through a monitoring module, wherein the real-time state data comprises one or more of an inclination angle, a crack width, a displacement amount, stress, strain, an internal force, a water level, displacement, osmotic pressure and rainfall;
s12, the cloud receives the data, processes the data and stores the data in a database;
and S13, the cloud receives a request for reprocessing the data in the database, reprocesses the data and outputs a reprocessing result.
10. The internet of things-based online automatic monitoring method according to claim 9, wherein in the step S11, the cloud periodically sends a data acquisition command to the monitoring end through the data acquisition end, the monitoring end acquires data and then sends the data to the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end returns the data to the cloud; or the cloud sends a data acquisition instruction to the data acquisition end, the data acquisition end autonomously controls the monitoring end to acquire data and stores the acquired data in a cache module of the data acquisition end, and the data acquisition end periodically returns the data to the cloud.
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| CN110306605A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-08 | 武汉建工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of early warning system for base pit engineering automatic monitoring |
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