CN107677257B - Remote surveying system and method for tunnel construction site - Google Patents

Remote surveying system and method for tunnel construction site Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107677257B
CN107677257B CN201710871427.2A CN201710871427A CN107677257B CN 107677257 B CN107677257 B CN 107677257B CN 201710871427 A CN201710871427 A CN 201710871427A CN 107677257 B CN107677257 B CN 107677257B
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tunnel
surveying
remote
stress
remote communication
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CN107677257A (en
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陈志谋
陈金座
罗楚楚
张华鹏
姚俊启
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Weizhi Co ltd
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Weizhi Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0047Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

A remote surveying system for a tunnel construction site comprises a tunnel grouting amount surveying device, a tunnel internal stress surveying device and a remote monitoring device; the tunnel grouting amount surveying device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and a rotating seat, wherein a positioner and an infrared sensor are arranged on the rotating seat; the tunnel internal stress surveying device comprises a strain sensor, a signal collector, a signal analysis module and a remote communication emission module which are connected in sequence; the remote monitoring device comprises a main controller, a remote communication receiving module and a display, wherein the remote communication receiving module receives stress information sent by the remote communication transmitting module, the display displays image information acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner, and the main controller receives and processes strain information and scanning image information; the invention also provides a surveying method of the remote surveying system of the tunnel construction site, which not only can remotely survey the actual grouting amount required in the tunnel, but also can remotely monitor the stress change process in the tunnel, so that the surveying work of the tunnel is more convenient.

Description

Remote surveying system and method for tunnel construction site
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a remote surveying system applied to a construction site, and more particularly, to a remote surveying system and a surveying method for a tunnel construction site.
Background
At present, with the development of computer technology, remote control and automation have been realized in many fields, and many advanced measurement devices such as a plurality of novel GPS receivers, an intelligent total station, a satellite positioning instrument, a level, a gyroscope, a handheld distance meter and the like have appeared in the survey field to ensure high precision and high efficiency in control measurement, topographic survey, urban planning measurement, construction engineering measurement, deformation and precision measurement, hydraulic engineering measurement, municipal engineering measurement, line and bridge and tunnel measurement, underground pipeline detection, mine measurement, cadastral surveying and mapping, house property surveying and mapping, and administrative area boundary line surveying and mapping.
With the advance of transportation industry, underground tunnel facilities have become an important component of urban transportation systems. With the expansion of urban traffic scale, the environment of underground tunnel facilities is more and more complex, a mountain or a large building component exists above some tunnel facilities, and even other tunnels exist above or below the tunnels, the areas below the mountain or the large building component and the overlapped areas between the tunnels belong to high-risk areas, and disasters such as settlement, collapse, displacement and the like easily occur, so that for the construction work of the tunnels, real-time field survey has great danger, in order to prevent disaster and avoid danger, not only the safety and automation of the survey work need to be improved, but also the tunnels in the high-risk areas need to be monitored all weather uninterruptedly, but in the prior art, for the construction process of the tunnels, such as the evaluation of tunnel grouting amount, the conventional measuring means has low efficiency and low precision, and has great deviation with the actual requirements, the real tunnel internal scene cannot be simulated, and the accurate calculation result of the grouting amount cannot be obtained; for the remote monitoring of tunnel survey, a high-precision measuring robot is generally adopted to monitor the deformation of a tunnel structure, however, the measuring robot is high in price, in the actual engineering, the measuring robot is generally arranged only in a key area with a small range, so that the monitoring area is limited, and the later maintenance cost is also very remarkable due to the precision and the complex technology of the measuring robot structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a remote surveying system and a remote surveying method for a tunnel construction site, which can remotely survey the actual grouting amount required in a tunnel, and can remotely monitor the stress change process in the tunnel, so that the surveying work of the tunnel is more convenient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a remote surveying system for a tunnel construction site comprises a tunnel grouting amount surveying device, a tunnel internal stress surveying device and a remote monitoring device; the tunnel grout amount surveying device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and a rotating seat, wherein the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged on the rotating seat, and a positioner and an infrared sensor are arranged on the rotating seat; the device for surveying the stress in the tunnel comprises a strain sensor, a signal collector, a signal analysis module and a remote communication emission module, wherein the strain sensor, the signal collector, the signal analysis module and the remote communication emission module are pre-embedded in the tunnel wall; remote monitoring device include main control unit, remote communication receiving module and display, remote communication receiving module with main control unit connects, and the receipt the stress information that remote communication emission module sent, the display shows the image information that three-dimensional laser scanner gathered, be equipped with information processing software in the main control unit, main control unit receives and handles the information of meeting an emergency that remote communication receiving module sent with the scanning image information that three-dimensional laser scanner sent.
Preferably, the strain sensor, the signal collector, the signal analysis module and the remote communication emission module are all arranged in a closed ceramic shell.
Preferably, the strain sensors are piezoelectric ceramic strain sensors, and a plurality of strain sensors are uniformly arranged at the test points of the tunnel wall.
Preferably, the roating seat includes roating ball and unable adjustment base, the roating ball with three-dimensional laser scanner is connected, the locator sets up in the roating ball, infrared inductor sets up unable adjustment base is last.
Preferably, the remote communication transmitting module and the remote communication receiving module are both mobile phone communication modules suitable for a GSM or WCDMA wireless network.
Preferably, the information processing software filters data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner to perform three-dimensional modeling to obtain the internal scene information of the tunnel, and calculates to obtain the grouting amount in the tunnel.
A surveying method of a remote surveying system of a tunnel construction site, comprising the steps of:
s1: fixing the fixed base of the tunnel grouting amount surveying device on the ground in a tunnel, and firstly, locking a position area to be surveyed by using the positioner;
s2: starting the three-dimensional laser scanner, carrying out primary image acquisition according to the position information sent by the positioner, and receiving image data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner and displaying the image data on the display by the main controller;
s3: a control person at one end of the remote monitoring device outside the tunnel judges whether the image acquisition is required or not according to the image data on the display and sends a regulation and control instruction to the main controller;
s4: the infrared sensor remotely controls the direction of the rotating seat after receiving the regulation and control instruction, and the three-dimensional laser scanner conducts multi-azimuth scanning within the range of 360 degrees according to the direction sent by the regulation and control instruction;
s5: after multiple times of regulation and control, the main controller obtains comprehensive image information data in the tunnel, and the grouting amount in the tunnel is calculated through the information processing software;
s6: building the tunnel according to the grouting amount calculated in the step S5, wherein a plurality of devices for surveying the stress inside the tunnel may be embedded in the inner wall of the tunnel during the building process, and the strain sensors survey the stress variation characteristics of the external load borne by the strain sensors at the corresponding positions of the strain sensors for detecting the stress variation condition inside the tunnel at a later stage;
s7: after the stress surveying device in the tunnel is pre-buried in the tunnel, the strain sensor transmits the strain characteristic in the tunnel to the signal collector, the signal collector converts the collected strain information into a digital signal, and a stress calculation result is obtained through the signal analysis module;
s8: the signal analysis module sends a stress calculation result to the remote communication receiving module through the remote communication transmitting module, the remote communication receiving module transmits the stress calculation result to the main controller, and the main controller displays a final survey result on the display after analyzing the stress calculation result;
s9: and the control personnel regulates and controls the safe operation of the tunnel according to the stress survey result on the display, and surveys the change of the stress and the whole process of the dynamic damage of the tunnel structure remotely and in real time.
The invention provides a remote surveying system and a remote surveying method for a tunnel construction site, wherein the remote surveying system comprises a tunnel grouting amount surveying device, a tunnel internal stress surveying device and a remote monitoring device.
The tunnel grout amount surveying device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and a rotating seat, wherein a positioner and an infrared sensor are arranged on the rotating seat, when the three-dimensional laser scanner scans, an operator can remotely control the direction of the rotating seat through the infrared sensor, so that the three-dimensional laser scanner can scan in multiple directions within 360 degrees, comprehensive image acquisition is carried out on the inner scene of the tunnel, then data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner can be filtered through information processing software in a main controller, tunnel inner scene information is obtained through three-dimensional modeling, and grout amount in the tunnel is obtained through calculation;
the stress survey device in the tunnel comprises a strain sensor, a signal collector, a signal analysis module and a remote communication emission module which are pre-embedded in the tunnel wall, wherein the strain sensor pre-embedded in the tunnel wall of the stress survey device is a piezoelectric ceramic strain sensor, a charge signal is converted into a voltage signal by a charge amplifier by utilizing the piezoelectric effect principle of piezoelectric ceramic, the relation between the stress and the voltage is obtained by utilizing a calibration test, and realizes the data transmission of stress survey and remote monitoring device through wireless communication network, remotely surveys the change of shear stress in real time, for the whole process of dynamic damage of tunnel structure, the pre-buried sensor can survey the stress time course of the whole process of structural power damage in the using process, brings great convenience to road surveying, and avoids the inconvenience of surveying in a tunnel and the danger of surveying in bad weather.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel grout amount surveying device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the apparatus for surveying the internal stress of a tunnel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the tunnel grout amount surveying device;
wherein the reference numbers in the figures are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-three-dimensional laser scanner, 2-rotating seat, 201-rotating ball, 202-fixed base, 3-locator and 4-infrared sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-3, a remote survey system for a tunnel construction site includes a tunnel grout amount survey apparatus, a tunnel internal stress survey apparatus, and a remote monitoring apparatus; as shown in fig. 1, the tunnel grout amount survey device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner 1 and a rotating base 2, wherein the three-dimensional laser scanner 1 is arranged on the rotating base 2, a positioner 3 and an infrared sensor 4 are arranged on the rotating base 2, the rotating base 2 comprises a rotating ball 201 and a fixed base 202, the rotating ball 201 is connected with the three-dimensional laser scanner 1, the positioner 3 is arranged in the rotating ball 201, and the infrared sensor 4 is arranged on the fixed base 202;
the device for surveying the stress in the tunnel comprises a strain sensor, a signal collector, a signal analysis module and a remote communication emission module which are pre-embedded in the tunnel wall, wherein the strain sensor, the signal collector, the signal analysis module and the remote communication emission module are all arranged in a closed ceramic shell, so that the tunnel wall can be prevented from corroding the ceramic shell, and the use function of the ceramic shell can be prevented from being influenced; the stress sensors are piezoelectric ceramic strain sensors, a plurality of strain sensors are uniformly arranged at test points on the tunnel wall, the stress conditions at different positions in the tunnel can be monitored in real time, the strain sensors are connected with a signal collector, stress data at different test points can be sent to the signal collector, the signal collector is connected with a signal analysis module, the signal analysis module analyzes and processes the data sent by the signal collector, a stress result at the position where the pressure change sensor is arranged is calculated, the signal analysis module is connected with a remote communication emission module, the remote communication emission module is a mobile phone communication module suitable for a GSM or WCDMA wireless network, and the stress calculation result at each test point is sent out through the remote communication emission module;
the remote monitoring device comprises a main controller, a remote communication receiving module and a display, wherein the remote communication receiving module is connected with the main controller, the remote communication receiving module is a mobile phone communication module applicable to a GSM (global system for mobile communications) or WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) wireless network, stress information sent by the remote communication transmitting module can be received, the display displays image information collected by the three-dimensional laser scanner, information processing software is arranged in the main controller, the main controller receives and processes strain information sent by the remote communication receiving module and scanned image information sent by the three-dimensional laser scanner, the information processing software filters data collected by the three-dimensional laser scanner, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to obtain tunnel interior information, and grouting amount in a tunnel is obtained through calculation.
As shown in fig. 3, the surveying method of the tunnel grouting amount surveying device is as follows:
fixing a fixed base 202 of the tunnel grouting amount surveying device on the ground in a tunnel, firstly, locking a position area to be surveyed by using a locator 3; then starting the three-dimensional laser scanner 1, carrying out primary image acquisition according to the position information sent by the positioner 3, and receiving image data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner and displaying the image data on a display by the main controller; a control person judges whether the image acquisition is required or not according to the image data on the display at one end of the remote monitoring device outside the tunnel, and sends a regulation and control instruction to the main controller; the infrared sensor remotely controls the direction of the rotating seat after receiving the regulating and controlling instruction, and the three-dimensional laser scanner conducts multi-azimuth scanning within the range of 360 degrees according to the direction sent by the regulating and controlling instruction; after multiple times of regulation and control, the main controller obtains comprehensive image information data in the tunnel, filters data collected by the three-dimensional laser scanner through built-in information processing software, obtains tunnel internal scene information through three-dimensional modeling, and calculates out grouting amount in the tunnel; the surveying method of the invention has accurate and convenient test result and saves manpower;
as shown in fig. 2, the method of surveying the apparatus for surveying the stress inside the tunnel is as follows:
firstly, uniformly placing 8-10 piezoelectric ceramic strain sensors at a certain test point in the inner wall of a tunnel, surveying the stress change characteristic of each strain sensor under the external load borne at the corresponding position of the strain sensor, when the strain sensors are under the action of external dynamic load, according to the piezoelectric effect, the front surface and the rear surface which are vertical to the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic can generate equal and opposite charges, and the charge quantity is in direct proportion to the shear stress; the signal collector collects charge signals surveyed by each strain sensor, and performs charge amplification and A/D conversion on the collected charge signals to obtain digital signals which can be identified by the signal analysis module; then the digital signal outputs natural frequency through a signal analysis module, and calls a correlation equation to the selected natural frequency to calculate pretightening force, so as to obtain a stress calculation result; then the signal analysis module sends the stress calculation result to a remote communication receiving module through a remote communication transmitting module, the remote communication receiving module transmits the stress calculation result to a main controller of a remote control device, and the main controller displays a final survey result on a display after analyzing the stress calculation result; the invention realizes the data transmission of the stress survey and the remote monitoring device through the wireless communication network, surveys the change of the shearing stress remotely in real time, and for the whole dynamic damage process of the tunnel structure, the pre-embedded strain sensor can survey the stress time course of the whole dynamic damage process of the structure in the using process, thereby bringing great convenience for road survey, and the control personnel can monitor the structure in the tunnel in real time after obtaining the calculation result, and can avoid danger in advance when the potential safety hazard exists in a certain structure.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. A surveying method of a remote surveying system of a tunnel construction site is characterized in that the remote surveying system of the tunnel construction site comprises a tunnel grouting amount surveying device, a tunnel internal stress surveying device and a remote monitoring device;
the tunnel grout amount surveying device comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and a rotating seat, wherein the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged on the rotating seat, and a positioner and an infrared sensor are arranged on the rotating seat; the rotating seat comprises a rotating ball and a fixed base, the rotating ball is connected with the three-dimensional laser scanner, the positioner is arranged in the rotating ball, and the infrared sensor is arranged on the fixed base;
the device for surveying the stress in the tunnel comprises a strain sensor, a signal collector, a signal analysis module and a remote communication emission module, wherein the strain sensor, the signal collector, the signal analysis module and the remote communication emission module are pre-embedded in the tunnel wall;
the remote monitoring device comprises a main controller, a remote communication receiving module and a display, wherein the remote communication receiving module is connected with the main controller and receives stress information sent by the remote communication transmitting module, the display displays image information collected by the three-dimensional laser scanner, information processing software is arranged in the main controller, and the main controller receives and processes strain information sent by the remote communication receiving module and scanned image information sent by the three-dimensional laser scanner;
the surveying method comprises the steps of:
s1: fixing the fixed base of the tunnel grouting amount surveying device on the ground in a tunnel, and firstly, locking a position area to be surveyed by using the positioner;
s2: starting the three-dimensional laser scanner, carrying out primary image acquisition according to the position information sent by the positioner, and receiving image data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner and displaying the image data on the display by the main controller;
s3: a control person at one end of the remote monitoring device outside the tunnel judges whether the image acquisition is required or not according to the image data on the display and sends a regulation and control instruction to the main controller;
s4: the infrared sensor remotely controls the direction of the rotating seat after receiving the regulation and control instruction, and the three-dimensional laser scanner conducts multi-azimuth scanning within the range of 360 degrees according to the direction sent by the regulation and control instruction;
s5: after multiple times of regulation and control, the main controller obtains comprehensive image information data in the tunnel, and the grouting amount in the tunnel is calculated through the information processing software;
s6: building the tunnel according to the grouting amount calculated in the step S5, wherein a plurality of devices for surveying the stress inside the tunnel are pre-embedded in the inner wall of the tunnel during the building process, and the strain sensors survey the stress change characteristics of the external load borne by the strain sensors at the corresponding positions of the strain sensors for detecting the stress change condition inside the tunnel at the later stage;
s7: after the stress surveying device in the tunnel is pre-buried in the tunnel, the strain sensor transmits the strain characteristic in the tunnel to the signal collector, the signal collector converts the collected strain information into a digital signal, and a stress calculation result is obtained through the signal analysis module;
s8: the signal analysis module sends a stress calculation result to the remote communication receiving module through the remote communication transmitting module, the remote communication receiving module transmits the stress calculation result to the main controller, and the main controller displays a final survey result on the display after analyzing the stress calculation result;
s9: and the control personnel regulates and controls the safe operation of the tunnel according to the stress survey result on the display, and surveys the change of the stress and the whole process of the dynamic damage of the tunnel structure remotely and in real time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the strain sensor, the signal collector, the signal analysis module and the telecommunication transmitter module are all disposed within a closed ceramic housing.
3. A method of surveying the remote surveying system of the tunnel construction site as claimed in claim 1, wherein said strain sensors are piezo-ceramic strain sensors, a plurality of which are uniformly arranged at the test points of the tunnel wall.
4. The surveying method of a remote surveying system for a tunnel construction site according to claim 1, wherein the remote communication transmitting module and the remote communication receiving module are both mobile phone communication modules adapted for a GSM or WCDMA wireless network.
5. The surveying method of a remote surveying system for a tunnel construction site according to claim 1, wherein the information processing software filters data collected by the three-dimensional laser scanner to perform three-dimensional modeling to obtain information of an internal scene of the tunnel, and calculates a grouting amount in the tunnel.
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CN109059776B (en) * 2018-07-05 2023-05-12 江西飞达电气设备有限公司 Multifunctional limiter stroke error testing equipment
CN117570855B (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-04-09 江苏奇点闪耀科技有限公司 Geographic information survey system applying GIS

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CN103335752A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-02 中山市拓维电子科技有限公司 Remotely and dynamically surveying system and method for road pre-buried shear stress
CN104989428A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-21 顾达容 Tunnel construction lining quantity determining device and tunnel construction lining quantity determining construction method
WO2016020947A1 (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Università degli Studi di Salerno Method for the measurement of angular and/or linear displacements utilizing one or more folded pendula
CN106524940A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-03-22 华中科技大学 Shield tunnel intelligent CT detection diagnosis system and method
CN106767515A (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-31 重庆大学 A kind of tunnel defect quick diagnosis prevention and controls

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103335752A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-02 中山市拓维电子科技有限公司 Remotely and dynamically surveying system and method for road pre-buried shear stress
WO2016020947A1 (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Università degli Studi di Salerno Method for the measurement of angular and/or linear displacements utilizing one or more folded pendula
CN104989428A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-21 顾达容 Tunnel construction lining quantity determining device and tunnel construction lining quantity determining construction method
CN106524940A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-03-22 华中科技大学 Shield tunnel intelligent CT detection diagnosis system and method
CN106767515A (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-31 重庆大学 A kind of tunnel defect quick diagnosis prevention and controls

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