CN110951461A - Environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110951461A CN110951461A CN201911255921.1A CN201911255921A CN110951461A CN 110951461 A CN110951461 A CN 110951461A CN 201911255921 A CN201911255921 A CN 201911255921A CN 110951461 A CN110951461 A CN 110951461A
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005413 snowmelt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
- C09K3/185—Thawing materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of snow-melting agents. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent relates to wheat straw ash, acetic acid waste liquid and the like, wherein diluted acetic acid waste liquid is added into dried wheat straw ash, the mass ratio of the wheat straw ash to the acetic acid waste liquid is 1:10, the mixture is heated in a water bath for 75min at 85 ℃, the mixture is mechanically stirred, after the reaction is finished, insoluble substances are removed through suction filtration, the obtained pale yellow solution is crystallized through a rotary evaporator, the solution is dissolved in distilled water and is adsorbed by active carbon, and finally the snow melting agent solid is obtained. A large amount of acetic acid, hydroxyacetone and acetaldehyde generated by thermal cracking and liquefying wheat straws are mixed with acetic acid waste liquid to prepare the acetate environment-friendly snow melt agent. The environment-friendly snow-melting agent has the advantages of cheap and easily available raw materials, good snow-melting effect, no pollution and no corrosion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of snow melting agents, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The snow-melting agent is also called ice salt and road antifreezing agent, mainly used for removing snow and preventing freezing in airport, highway, square, parking lot, railway and city street, etc. and its components are mainly sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, etc. The snow-melting agent has the advantages of convenient use, moderate price and the like, and is widely used in large cities, and a plurality of small and medium-sized cities tend to be used in large quantities. However, the excessive use of the snow-melting agent causes a great amount of death of greening vegetation, and causes serious corrosion and damage to concrete pavements of roads and bridges. After the snow mixed with the snow melting agent is melted and seeped into the ground surface, rivers and underground water can be polluted, and the ecological environment is damaged.
Aiming at the problems of the current snow-melting agent, the development of a novel snow-melting agent which is cheap and easy to obtain, has a good snow-melting effect, and is free from pollution and corrosion is urgently needed. Research shows that the biological oil produced by thermal cracking and liquefying the wheat straws can be further separated and extracted to prepare fuel oil and chemical raw materials, the biological oil contains complex organic components, and the organic matters contain a large amount of acetic acid, hydroxyacetone and acetaldehyde. Wherein, the acetate type environment-friendly snow-melting agent with low cost is produced by taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides an environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the snow-melting agent has a good snow-melting effect, is free from pollution and is free from corrosion.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the above purpose of the invention is as follows: an environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials is characterized in that: adding diluted acetic acid waste liquid into dried wheat straw ash, heating and stirring, filtering to remove insoluble substances, crystallizing by a rotary evaporator, dissolving in distilled water, adsorbing by activated carbon, and crystallizing the adsorbed solution to obtain the snow melt agent solid.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as the raw materials comprises the following steps
1) Acetic acid waste liquid pretreatment: diluting acetic acid waste liquid;
2) pretreatment of wheat straw ash: drying the wheat straw ash in an oven, cooling, sieving, and taking out undersize;
3) preparing an environment-friendly snow-melting agent: adding the undersize product prepared in the step 2) into diluted acetic acid waste liquid, heating in a water bath, mechanically stirring, performing suction filtration after the reaction is finished to remove insoluble substances, crystallizing the obtained pale yellow solution through a rotary evaporator, continuously dissolving the pale yellow solution in distilled water, adsorbing the pale yellow solution by using activated carbon, and crystallizing the adsorbed solution to finally obtain the snow melt agent solid.
In the preparation method of the environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as raw materials, the dried wheat straw ash is obtained by filtering and screening through a 50-mesh sieve.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as raw materials, the mass percentage concentration of the acetic acid waste liquid is 30-50%.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as raw materials, the dilution multiple of the acetic acid waste liquid is 10-20 times.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as raw materials, the mass ratio of the wheat straw ash to the acetic acid waste liquid is 1: 10-20.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as the raw materials is characterized in that the heating temperature is 80-90 ℃.
According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking the acetic acid waste liquid and the straw ash as the raw materials, the heating time is 75 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the bio-oil produced by the thermal cracking liquefaction of the wheat straws contains a large amount of acetic acid, hydroxyacetone and acetaldehyde, and has the advantages of good snow melting effect, no pollution and low production cost.
(2) The snow-melting agent contains a large amount of potassium salt, calcium salt and magnesium salt, is beneficial to the growth of plants, and is a green and friendly product with expected value.
(3) The snow-melting agent has small corrosion destructiveness, prolongs the service life of materials, and reduces potential safety hazards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the carbon steel corrosion rates of sodium chloride and the environmentally friendly snow-melting agent at different concentrations.
Example 1 preparation of an environmentally friendly snow-melting agent using acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials
1. Acetic acid waste liquid pretreatment:
diluting acetic acid waste liquid by 10 times.
2. Pretreatment of straw ash:
setting the temperature of the oven at 200 ℃, drying the wheat straw ash in the oven for 30min, and filtering the dried wheat straw ash through a 50-mesh sieve.
3. Preparing an environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials:
1) adding the dried wheat straw ash into the diluted acetic acid waste liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straw ash to the acetic acid waste liquid is 1: 10;
2) heating the mixture in water bath at 85 deg.C for 75min, mechanically stirring, and filtering to remove insoluble substances;
3) crystallizing the obtained light yellow solution by a rotary evaporator, continuously dissolving the solution in distilled water, and adsorbing the solution by using activated carbon to finally obtain the snow-melting agent solid.
Example 2 Performance measurement of an environmentally friendly snow-melting agent using acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials
1. pH of snow-melting agent
The pH value is an important index of the environmental protection performance of the snow melt agent, and the ecological environment is obviously influenced by over-high or over-low pH value, and the snow melt agent is generally required to be neutral or weakly alkaline. Weighing 1.00g of environment-friendly snow-melting agent, placing the environment-friendly snow-melting agent in a 500mL beaker, adding 5mL of ethanol for wetting, then adding 100mL of water without carbon dioxide, directly transferring a 100mL liquid sample after stirring and dissolving, measuring the pH value of the snow-melting agent by using a precise pH acidimeter, continuously weighing and adding, and measuring the pH value of the snow-melting agent under different concentrations.
The prepared snow-melting agent was dissolved in distilled water, and different mass concentrations were prepared, that is, the contents of the snow-melting agent were 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, etc., respectively, and the pH values of the solutions were measured, and the results are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table, the pH values of the melting agent are all between 7.50 and 7.60, the requirement that the pH value in the road deicing and snow melting agent (GB/T23851-009) is between 6.00 and 10.00 is met, and the environment-friendly snow melting agent meets the requirement of environmental protection.
TABLE 1
2. Corrosion performance of snow-melting agent
With the use of a large amount of snow-melting agent, a large amount of corrosion damage occurs to the reinforcing steel bars in the bridge and the concrete structure. The environment-friendly snow-melting agent not only ensures the snow-melting effect, but also more importantly, the application determines the corrosion condition of the snow-melting agent to metal. Carbon steel with the diameter of 26.92mm, the inner diameter of 14.49mm and the height of 1.82mm is polished by sand paper to be bright, and is repeatedly washed by distilled water, and then is repeatedly rinsed by absorbent cotton dipped in absolute ethyl alcohol, and is dried, and after accurate weighing, the test is respectively immersed in 20g/L, 75g/L, 145g/L and 200g/L sodium chloride and 20g/L, 75g/L, 145g/L and 200g/L environment-friendly snow-melting agent solutions, and the corrosion degree of the solutions under four concentrations to metal carbon steel is measured after 15 d. The mass loss of the carbon steel test piece after being soaked by the snow-melting agent and the mass loss of the pickling blank are obtained through experiments, and then the corrosion rate of the snow-melting agent with different concentrations to the carbon steel is calculated according to a corrosion rate calculation formula.
The corrosion rate of the sodium chloride solution and the environment-friendly snow-melting agent solution with different concentrations on the carbon steel is measured, and the result is shown in figure 1. From the graph, it is known that the corrosion rates of different concentrations of the snow-melting agent solution to carbon steel are greatly different, and the corrosion rates of different types of snow-melting agents to carbon steel are also greatly different. The corrosion rate of the environment-friendly snow-melting agent to carbon steel is always lower than that of sodium chloride, and the difference is more and more obvious along with the increase of the concentration. As for the environment-friendly snow-melting agent, due to the addition of the straw ash, the alkalescence is realized, so that the electrochemical resistance of the carbon steel is increased, and the corrosion rate of the carbon steel is reduced.
2. Determination of snow melting Performance of snow-melting agent
The snow melting performance is a core index for evaluating the snow melting agent, and the products can be industrialized only when the snow melting performance meets certain standards. The snow melting and ice melting process includes taking out the porcelain container with ice blocks from the thermostat, weighing quickly to 0.1g, pouring the frozen snow melting agent solution into the porcelain container with ice blocks, returning the porcelain container to the low-temperature thermostat, taking out the porcelain container after 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min and 70min, pouring liquid in the porcelain container, and measuring the liquid volume. Table 2 shows the results of the performance test of the snow-melting agent, and the obtained snow-melting agent has a snow-melting performance of 96% and meets the national standard. The product is derived from industrial byproducts, and has the advantage of low cost, so the product is worth popularizing.
TABLE 2
| Time t (min) | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 |
| Amount eluted in sample (mL) | 42 | 53 | 67 | 81 | 96 |
| Elution volume in NaCl (mL) | 44 | 55 | 69 | 83 | 99 |
Claims (8)
1. An environment-friendly snow-melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials is characterized in that: adding diluted acetic acid waste liquid into dried wheat straw ash, heating and stirring, filtering to remove insoluble substances, crystallizing by a rotary evaporator, dissolving in distilled water, adsorbing by activated carbon, and crystallizing the adsorbed solution to obtain the snow melt agent solid.
2. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acetic acid waste liquid pretreatment: diluting acetic acid waste liquid;
2) pretreatment of wheat straw ash: drying the wheat straw ash in an oven, cooling, sieving, and taking out undersize;
3) preparing an environment-friendly snow-melting agent: adding the undersize product prepared in the step 2) into diluted acetic acid waste liquid, heating in a water bath, mechanically stirring, performing suction filtration after the reaction is finished to remove insoluble substances, crystallizing the obtained pale yellow solution through a rotary evaporator, continuously dissolving the pale yellow solution in distilled water, adsorbing the pale yellow solution by using activated carbon, and crystallizing the adsorbed solution to finally obtain the snow melt agent solid.
3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dried wheat straw ash is obtained by filtering and screening through a 50-mesh sieve.
4. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass percentage concentration of the acetic acid waste liquid is 30-50%.
5. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dilution multiple of the acetic acid waste liquid is 10-20 times.
6. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass ratio of the wheat straw ash to the acetic acid waste liquid is 1: 10-20.
7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating temperature is 80-90 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the environment-friendly snow melting agent taking acetic acid waste liquid and straw ash as raw materials according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the heating time is 75 min.
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| CN115433544A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-06 | 吉林大学 | Green and environment-friendly road snow-melting anti-skid composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200403 |