CN110947502B

CN110947502B - Construction waste treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN110947502B
Application number: CN201911340021.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 修磊
Original assignee: Hefei University
Current assignee: Hefei University
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2019-12-23
Publication date: 2021-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-23
Also published as: CN110947502A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building equipment, in particular to a building waste treatment device which comprises a primary treatment mechanism, a primary screening mechanism, a transfer conveyor belt and a secondary treatment mechanism, wherein the primary treatment mechanism, the primary screening mechanism, the transfer conveyor belt and the secondary treatment mechanism are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the primary screening mechanism comprises a screening rack, a primary screening assembly and two metal recovery assemblies, the primary screening assembly is arranged at the upper half part of the screening rack, the two metal recovery assemblies are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the screening rack, the two metal recovery assemblies are both positioned under the primary screening assembly, and a funnel-shaped discharge hole is formed in the screening rack. The invention not only can crush the construction waste, but also can effectively recycle the metal, thereby saving resources.

Description

Construction waste treatment device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction equipment, in particular to a construction waste treatment device.

Background

The construction waste refers to the general name of dregs, waste concrete, waste bricks and stones and other wastes produced by people in the production activities of the construction industry such as demolition, construction, decoration and repair. The construction waste is not helpful to the construction itself, but is the material generated in the construction process, and needs to be treated correspondingly, so that the ideal engineering project construction can be achieved, and the link consideration is more important because the construction waste is an integral process. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the construction industry is rapidly developed, and the accompanying amount of construction waste is increasing. The construction waste is not real garbage, but "gold" of the place is misplaced, after sorting, removing or smashing, most of the construction waste can be reused as renewable resources, such as: after the metals such as waste steel bars, waste iron wires and the like are sorted, concentrated and recycled to the furnace again, the metals can be processed into steel products with various specifications; the waste materials such as bricks, stones, concrete and the like can be used for replacing sand, building mortar, plastering mortar and the like, and can also be used for manufacturing building material products such as paving bricks, lattice bricks and the like. At present, the conventional construction waste treatment apparatus simply crushes concrete without a mechanism for recovering metals.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction waste treatment device.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a construction waste treatment device, includes preliminary treatment mechanism, preliminary screening mechanism, transports conveyer belt and secondary treatment mechanism, preliminary screening mechanism, transport conveyer belt and secondary treatment mechanism set gradually along a straight line, preliminary screening mechanism is including screening frame, preliminary screening subassembly and two metal recovery subassemblies, the first half at the screening frame is installed to the preliminary screening subassembly, and two metal recovery subassemblies are the symmetry setting on the both sides wall of screening frame, and just two metal recovery subassemblies all are located preliminary screening subassembly under, be equipped with in the screening frame and be the discharge gate that leaks hopper-shaped.

Preferably, preliminary treatment mechanism includes that the waste material holds the case, pulverizes the frame, pulverizes the cylinder and pulverizes the briquetting, the waste material holds the top below that the case is located and pulverizes the frame, it is vertical the top of installing at pulverizing the frame to pulverize the cylinder, it is horizontal installation on the output that pulverizes the cylinder to pulverize the briquetting, the top of pulverizing the briquetting is equipped with four first guide bars that are the rectangular distribution, the top of pulverizing the frame is equipped with four and four first guide bar one-by-one direction complex first guide seats, the waste material holds and is equipped with the bin outlet on the lateral wall of case and is used for sealing the closed assembly of bin outlet.

Preferably, the seal assembly includes closed door, closed motor, first sprocket, second sprocket and two mount pads, two the mount pad symmetry sets up on the both sides wall that the waste material holds the case, the both sides of closed door one end all are equipped with first pivot, and two first pivots rotate respectively and install on two mount pads, first sprocket is installed in first pivot, be equipped with the first mounting panel that is the level setting on the lateral wall that the waste material holds the case, closed motor installs on first mounting panel, the second sprocket is installed on closed motor's output, the second sprocket passes through chain drive with first sprocket and is connected.

Preferably, tentatively screen the subassembly including screening board, screening motor, third sprocket, fourth sprocket, universal driving shaft and two cams, the both sides of screening board one end all are equipped with the second pivot, all be equipped with on two inner walls of screening frame with second pivot normal running fit's rotary trough, be equipped with a plurality of screening hole on the screening board, be equipped with the first seat that rotates that two symmetries set up in the screening frame, the universal driving shaft rotates and installs on two first seats that rotate, the third sprocket is installed on the universal driving shaft, the screening motor is installed in the screening frame, the fourth sprocket is installed on the output of screening motor, the fourth sprocket passes through chain drive with the third sprocket and is connected, and two cam symmetries are installed on the universal driving shaft, and two cams all contradict with the bottom of screening board.

Preferably, the metal recovery assembly comprises a first electromagnet and two second mounting plates, an insertion groove matched with the first electromagnet is formed in the side wall of the screening rack, the two second mounting plates are symmetrically arranged on the back of the second mounting plates, and each second mounting plate is fixed to the screening rack through bolts.

Preferably, secondary treatment mechanism includes metal adsorption component, crushing case and collection vehicle, smash case and collection vehicle interval setting under metal adsorption component, it is equipped with the partition panel that is the level setting to smash the incasement, the partition panel will smash incasement inner space and separate for retrieving space and crushing space, set up on the partition panel and be hopper-shaped lower chute, be equipped with the shutoff subassembly that is used for shutoff lower chute on the metal adsorption component, be equipped with crushing unit in the crushing space.

Preferably, the metal adsorption subassembly includes portal frame, lift cylinder, translation electricity jar, second electro-magnet and loading board, the lift cylinder is vertical top of installing at the portal frame, the loading board is horizontal installation on the output of lift cylinder, the top of loading board is equipped with the second guide bar that two symmetries set up, the top of portal frame is equipped with two and two first guide bar one-to-one direction complex second guide holder, the translation electricity jar is handstand and is installed in the bottom of loading board, the second electro-magnet is installed on the slip table of translation electricity jar.

Preferably, the shutoff subassembly includes the shutoff cylinder and is the shutoff board of L type, the shutoff cylinder is horizontal installation on the portal frame, be equipped with the groove of wearing that supplies the shutoff board to pass on the lateral wall of crushing case, and the top of shutoff board is contradicted with the bottom of partition panel, the back of shutoff board is equipped with the third guide bar that two symmetries set up, be equipped with two and two third guide bar one-to-one direction complex third guide holder on the portal frame.

Preferably, crushing unit includes crushing motor, driving gear and two crushing roller shafts, and two crushing roller shaft symmetries and rotation are installed in smashing the space, and the one end of every crushing roller shaft all is equipped with driven gear, two driven gear meshing, crushing motor is located one of them driven gear under, the driving gear is installed on the output of crushing motor, and the driving gear meshes rather than the driven gear directly over.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the invention carries out primary treatment operation on the construction waste through the primary treatment mechanism, large construction waste can be rolled into small construction waste, the treated construction waste can be primarily screened through the primary screening mechanism, the construction waste with smaller volume in the construction waste can be screened out through the primary screening component, metal with smaller volume can be screened out through the two metal recovery components, then the large construction waste which does not reach the standard can fall onto the transfer conveyer belt, the large construction waste which does not reach the standard can be conveyed into the secondary treatment mechanism through the transfer conveyer belt, the secondary treatment mechanism can recover metal with larger volume in the construction waste, and can carry out secondary treatment on the large construction waste which does not reach the standard, therefore, the invention not only can crush the construction waste, but also can effectively recover the metal, and resources are saved.

Secondly, when the construction waste falls into the screening plate in the screening rack, the screening motor can drive the fourth chain wheel to rotate, the fourth chain wheel drives the third chain wheel to rotate through the chain, the linkage shaft and the two cams on the linkage shaft synchronously rotate, the rotation of the two cams can enable the screening plate to bump, the construction waste on the screening plate can be thoroughly separated along with the bumping, the construction waste with small volume and metal with small volume can fall into the screening rack through the screening holes, when the construction waste falls, the two first electromagnets can adsorb the metal with small volume, after the construction waste is discharged, the two first electromagnets stop working, the metal with small volume can be discharged, and the construction waste and the metal with small volume can be automatically separated and collected.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the preliminary treatment mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the preliminary treatment mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the primary screening mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the preliminary screening mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a partial schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are: a primary processing mechanism 1, a waste accommodating box 11, a first mounting plate 111, a grinding frame 12, a first guide seat 121, a grinding cylinder 13, a grinding pressing block 14, a first guide rod 141, a sealing component 15, a sealing door 151, a sealing motor 152, a first chain wheel 153, a second chain wheel 154, a mounting seat 155, a primary screening mechanism 2, a screening frame 21, a discharge port 211, a first rotating seat 212, a primary screening component 22, a screening plate 221, a screening hole 2211, a screening motor 222, a third chain wheel 223, a fourth chain wheel 224, a linkage shaft 225, a cam 226, a metal recovery component 23, a first electromagnet 231, a second mounting plate 232, a transfer conveyer belt 3, a secondary processing mechanism 4, a metal adsorption component 41, a portal frame 411, a second guide seat 4111, a third guide seat 4112, a lifting cylinder 412, a translation electric cylinder 413, a

second electromagnet

414, 415, a second guide rod 4151, a grinding box 42, partition board 421, recovery space 422, crushing space 423, collection vehicle 43, plugging component 44, plugging cylinder 441, plugging board 442, third guide rod 4421, crushing component 45, crushing motor 451, driving gear 452, crushing roller 453 and driven gear 454.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a construction waste treatment device comprises a primary treatment mechanism 1, a primary screening mechanism 2, a transfer conveyor belt 3 and a secondary treatment mechanism 4, wherein the primary treatment mechanism 1, the primary screening mechanism 2, the transfer conveyor belt 3 and the secondary treatment mechanism 4 are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the primary screening mechanism 2 comprises a screening rack 21, a primary screening component 22 and two metal recovery components 23, the primary screening component 22 is arranged at the upper half part of the screening rack 21, the two metal recovery components 23 are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the screening rack 21, the two metal recovery components 23 are both positioned under the primary screening component 22, and a funnel-shaped discharge hole 211 is formed in the screening rack 21; when the invention is used, the construction waste is primarily treated by the primary treatment mechanism 1, large construction waste can be ground into small pieces of construction waste, the treated construction waste can be primarily screened by the primary screening mechanism 2, the construction waste with smaller volume in the construction waste can be screened out by the primary screening component 22, metal (such as iron wire) with smaller volume can be screened out by the two metal recovery components 23, the large construction waste which does not reach the standard can fall onto the transfer conveyer belt 3, the large construction waste which does not reach the standard can be conveyed into the secondary treatment mechanism 4 by the transfer conveyer belt 3, the metal (such as reinforcing steel bar) with larger volume in the construction waste can be recovered by the secondary treatment mechanism 4, and the large construction waste which does not reach the standard can be secondarily treated, therefore, the invention not only can crush the construction waste, and the metal can be effectively recovered, so that the resource is saved.

The primary treatment mechanism 1 comprises a waste containing box 11, a grinding rack 12, a grinding cylinder 13 and a grinding pressure block 14, wherein the waste containing box 11 is positioned below the top of the grinding rack 12, the grinding cylinder 13 is vertically arranged at the top of the grinding rack 12, the grinding pressure block 14 is horizontally arranged at the output end of the grinding cylinder 13, four first guide rods 141 which are distributed in a rectangular shape are arranged at the top of the grinding pressure block 14, four first guide seats 121 which are in one-to-one guide fit with the four first guide rods 141 are arranged at the top of the grinding rack 12, and a discharge outlet and a sealing component 15 for sealing the discharge outlet are arranged on the side wall of the waste containing box 11; placing the construction waste into the waste containing box 11, then driving the grinding block 14 to repeatedly lift several times through the grinding cylinder 13, the grinding block 14 can grind the construction waste in the waste containing box 11, as shown in fig. 4, the inner bottom wall of the waste containing box 11 adopts a slope design, the vertical section of the grinding block 14 is in a trapezoidal shape, so that the grinding block 14 is matched with the inner bottom wall of the waste containing box 11, and the design can enable the rolled construction waste to be automatically discharged through the slope.

The sealing assembly 15 comprises a sealing door 151, a sealing motor 152, a first chain wheel 153, a second chain wheel 154 and two mounting seats 155, the two mounting seats 155 are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the waste material accommodating box 11, first rotating shafts are arranged on two sides of one end of the sealing door 151, the two first rotating shafts are respectively rotatably mounted on the two mounting seats 155, the first chain wheel 153 is mounted on the first rotating shaft, a first mounting plate 111 which is horizontally arranged is arranged on the side wall of the waste material accommodating box 11, the sealing motor 152 is mounted on the first mounting plate 111, the second chain wheel 154 is mounted on the output end of the sealing motor 152, and the second chain wheel 154 is in chain transmission connection with the first chain wheel 153; when the need will be with the building waste who crushes the completion discharge, can drive second sprocket 154 through sealed motor 152 and rotate, second sprocket 154 drives first sprocket 153 through the chain and rotates, and first sprocket 153 drives the axis rotation around first pivot of closed door 151 to make the bin outlet can open automatically or seal.

The preliminary screening assembly 22 includes a screening plate 221, a screening motor 222, a third sprocket 223, a fourth sprocket 224, a linkage shaft 225 and two cams 226, two sides of one end of the screening plate 221 are both provided with a second rotating shaft, two inner walls of the screening machine frame 21 are both provided with rotating grooves which are in rotating fit with the second rotating shafts, the screening plate 221 is provided with a plurality of screening holes 2211, the screening machine frame 21 is provided with two first rotating seats 212 which are symmetrically arranged, the linkage shaft 225 is rotatably installed on the two first rotating seats 212, the third chain wheel 223 is installed on the linkage shaft 225, the screening motor 222 is installed on the screening machine frame 21, the fourth chain wheel 224 is installed on the output end of the screening motor 222, the fourth chain wheel 224 is in transmission connection with the third chain wheel 223 through a chain, the two cams 226 are symmetrically arranged on the linkage shaft 225, and the two cams 226 are both abutted against the bottom of the screening plate 221; screening motor 222 can drive fourth sprocket 224 and rotate, fourth sprocket 224 drives third sprocket 223 through the chain and rotates, third sprocket 223 drives universal driving shaft 225 and two cams 226 on it and carries out synchronous rotation, as shown in fig. 7, the vertical cross-section of cam 226 is the ellipse, can let screening plate 221 carry out the swing of certain angle around the axis of second pivot like this, thereby form the effect of jolting, the building waste after crushing can thoroughly separate along with jolting, and the building waste that the volume is less can fall through the screening hole and enter into screening frame 21 in, later discharge in the screening frame 21.

The metal recovery assembly 23 comprises a first electromagnet 231 and two second mounting plates 232, an insertion groove matched with the first electromagnet 231 is formed in the side wall of the screening rack 21, the two second mounting plates 232 are symmetrically arranged at the back of the second mounting plates 232, and each second mounting plate 232 is fixed on the screening rack 21 through a bolt; the less construction waste of volume and the less metal of volume are when dropping inside screening frame 21, and first electro-magnet 231 can live the whole absorption of the less metal of volume, wait to the less construction waste of volume and arrange the back, and first electro-magnet 231 stop work, and the less metal of volume also can discharge, as long as the change be used for the box of collection can to realize the classified collection.

The secondary treatment mechanism 4 comprises a metal adsorption component 41, a crushing box 42 and a collecting trolley 43, the crushing box 42 and the collecting trolley 43 are arranged under the metal adsorption component 41 at intervals, a partition board 421 which is horizontally arranged is arranged in the crushing box 42, the partition board 421 divides the internal space of the crushing box 42 into a recovery space 422 and a crushing space 423, a funnel-shaped blanking groove is formed in the partition board 421, a blocking component 44 for blocking the blanking groove is arranged on the metal adsorption component 41, and a crushing component 45 is arranged in the crushing space 423; can adsorb the great metal of volume through metal adsorption component 41, and can also place the collection vehicle 43 with the metal of adsorbing in, can bear the construction waste who falls into in smashing the case 42 through shutoff subassembly 44, thereby be convenient for let metal adsorption component 41 adsorb the metal operation, adsorb the metal operation and accomplish the back, shutoff subassembly 44 work lets recovery space 422 and crushing space 423 intercommunication, later crushing subassembly 45 can carry out the regrinding with the great construction waste of volume.

The metal adsorption component 41 comprises a portal frame 411, a lifting cylinder 412, a translational electric cylinder 413, a second electromagnet 414 and a bearing plate 415, wherein the lifting cylinder 412 is vertically installed at the top of the portal frame 411, the bearing plate 415 is horizontally installed at the output end of the lifting cylinder 412, two second guide rods 4151 which are symmetrically arranged are arranged at the top of the bearing plate 415, two second guide seats 4111 which are in one-to-one guide fit with the two first guide rods 141 are arranged at the top of the portal frame 411, the translational electric cylinder 413 is inversely installed at the bottom of the bearing plate 415, and the second electromagnet 414 is installed on a sliding table of the translational electric cylinder 413; the lifting cylinder 412 can drive the translation electric cylinder 413 and the second electromagnet 414 to lift, the translation electric cylinder 413 drives the second electromagnet 414 to translate, the second electromagnet 414 can move in the two axial directions, the second electromagnet 414 can adsorb the metal in the construction waste in the recovery space 422, and then the collection vehicle 43 is placed in the lifting cylinder 412 and the translation electric cylinder 413 in a matching mode, so that the metal with large volume can be automatically recovered.

The blocking assembly 44 comprises a blocking cylinder 441 and an L-shaped blocking plate 442, the blocking cylinder 441 is horizontally mounted on the portal frame 411, a through groove for the blocking plate 442 to pass through is formed in the side wall of the crushing box 42, the top of the blocking plate 442 is abutted to the bottom of the partition plate 421, two third guide rods 4421 which are symmetrically arranged are arranged at the back of the blocking plate 442, and two third guide seats 4112 which are in one-to-one guide fit with the two third guide rods 4421 are arranged on the portal frame 411; the blocking cylinder 441 can drive the blocking plate 442 to move horizontally, and can communicate the recovery space 422 with the pulverization space 423.

The crushing assembly 45 comprises a crushing motor 451, a driving gear 452 and two crushing roller shafts 453, wherein the two crushing roller shafts 453 are symmetrically and rotatably installed in the crushing space 423, one end of each crushing roller shaft 453 is provided with a driven gear 454, the two driven gears 454 are meshed, the crushing motor 451 is positioned right below one driven gear 454, the driving gear 452 is installed on the output end of the crushing motor 451, and the driving gear 452 is meshed with the driven gear 454 right above the driving gear 452; the grinding motor 451 drives the driving gear 452 to rotate, the driving gear 452 drives the driven gear 454 and the grinding roller shaft 453 engaged therewith to rotate, and the driven gear 454 drives the other driven gear 454 and the grinding roller shaft 453 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the two grinding roller shafts 453 can grind the construction waste falling into the recovery space 422.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the invention works, firstly, the building waste is primarily treated by the primary treatment mechanism 1, the grinding cylinder 13 drives the grinding press block 14 to repeatedly lift and descend for several times, the grinding press block 14 can grind the building waste in the waste containing box 11, then the closed motor 152 can drive the second chain wheel 154 to rotate, the second chain wheel 154 drives the first chain wheel 153 to rotate through a chain, the first chain wheel 153 drives the closed door 151 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft, so that the discharge outlet can be automatically opened, then the building waste falls onto the screening plate 221 in the screening rack 21, the screening motor 222 can drive the fourth chain wheel 224 to rotate, the fourth chain wheel 224 drives the third chain wheel 223 to rotate through a chain, the third chain wheel 223 drives the linkage shaft 225 and the two cams 226 thereon to synchronously rotate, the rotation of the two cams 226 can enable the screening plate 221 to bump, building waste on the screening plate 221 can be thoroughly separated along with bumping, and the building waste with small volume and metal with small volume can fall into the screening rack 21 through the screening holes, when falling, the metal with small volume can be adsorbed by the two first electromagnets 231, after the building waste is discharged, the two first electromagnets 231 stop working, so that the metal with small volume can be discharged, and the building waste and the metal with small volume can be separately collected; the construction waste which does not reach the standard can fall onto the transfer conveyor belt 3, the transfer conveyor belt 3 conveys the construction waste into the crushing box 42 and is borne by the blocking plate 442, then the second electromagnet 414 can be driven to move in the two axial directions by the cooperation of the lifting cylinder 412 and the translation electric cylinder 413, the second electromagnet 414 can adsorb metal with a larger volume in the construction waste on the blocking plate 442 and then is placed into the collecting vehicle 43, then the blocking cylinder 441 can drive the blocking plate 442 to move horizontally, the recovery space 422 is communicated with the crushing space 423, the construction waste falls into the crushing space 423, and the crushing assembly 45 performs secondary crushing operation on the construction waste.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a construction waste treatment device, includes preliminary treatment mechanism (1), preliminary screening mechanism (2), transports conveyer belt (3) and secondary treatment mechanism (4), preliminary treatment mechanism (1), preliminary screening mechanism (2), transports conveyer belt (3) and secondary treatment mechanism (4) set gradually along a straight line, preliminary screening mechanism (2) are including screening frame (21), preliminary screening subassembly (22) and two metal recovery subassemblies (23), preliminary screening subassembly (22) are installed at the first half of screening frame (21), and two metal recovery subassemblies (23) are the symmetry setting on the both sides wall of screening frame (21), and two metal recovery subassemblies (23) all are located preliminary screening subassembly (22) under, be equipped with on screening frame (21) and be hopper-shaped's discharge gate (211);

the method is characterized in that: the secondary treatment mechanism (4) comprises a metal adsorption component (41), a crushing box (42) and a collecting vehicle (43), the crushing box (42) and the collecting vehicle (43) are arranged under the metal adsorption component (41) at intervals, a partition plate (421) which is horizontally arranged is arranged in the crushing box (42), the partition plate (421) divides the internal space of the crushing box (42) into a recovery space (422) and a crushing space (423), a funnel-shaped blanking groove is formed in the partition plate (421), a blocking component (44) for blocking the blanking groove is arranged on the metal adsorption component (41), and a crushing component (45) is arranged in the crushing space (423);

the metal adsorption component (41) comprises a portal frame (411), a lifting cylinder (412), a translational electric cylinder (413), a second electromagnet (414) and a bearing plate (415), wherein the lifting cylinder (412) is vertically installed at the top of the portal frame (411), the bearing plate (415) is horizontally installed at the output end of the lifting cylinder (412), two second guide rods (4151) which are symmetrically arranged are arranged at the top of the bearing plate (415), two second guide seats (4111) which are in one-to-one guide fit with the two second guide rods (4151) are arranged at the top of the portal frame (411), the translational electric cylinder (413) is installed at the bottom of the bearing plate (415), and the second electromagnet (414) is installed on a sliding table of the translational electric cylinder (413);

the blocking assembly (44) comprises a blocking cylinder (441) and an L-shaped blocking plate (442), the blocking cylinder (441) is horizontally installed on a portal frame (411), a through groove for the blocking plate (442) to pass through is formed in the side wall of the crushing box (42), the top of the blocking plate (442) is abutted to the bottom of the partition plate (421), two third guide rods (4421) which are symmetrically arranged are arranged on the back of the blocking plate (442), and two third guide seats (4112) which are in one-to-one guide fit with the two third guide rods (4421) are arranged on the portal frame (411);

the construction waste is conveyed into the crushing box (42) by the transfer conveying belt (3) and is borne by the blocking plate (442), then the second electromagnet (414) is driven to move in the two axial directions by the cooperation of the lifting cylinder (412) and the translation electric cylinder (413), the second electromagnet (414) adsorbs the metal with larger volume in the construction waste on the blocking plate (442), then the metal is placed into the collecting vehicle (43), then the blocking cylinder (441) drives the blocking plate (442) to move horizontally, the recovery space (422) is communicated with the crushing space (423), the construction waste falls into the crushing space (423), and the crushing assembly (45) performs secondary crushing operation on the construction waste.

2. The construction waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: preliminary processing mechanism (1) holds case (11), pulverizes frame (12), pulverizes cylinder (13) and pulverizes briquetting (14) including the waste material, the waste material holds case (11) and is located the top below of pulverizing frame (12), pulverize cylinder (13) and be vertical the top of installing at pulverizing frame (12), pulverize briquetting (14) and be horizontal installation on the output of pulverizing cylinder (13), the top of pulverizing briquetting (14) is equipped with four first guide bar (141) that are the rectangular distribution, the top of pulverizing frame (12) is equipped with four and four first guide bar (141) one by one direction complex first guide holder (121), the waste material holds and is equipped with the bin outlet on the lateral wall of case (11) and is used for sealing the closed subassembly (15) of bin outlet.

3. The construction waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: close subassembly (15) including closing door (151), closed motor (152), first sprocket (153), second sprocket (154) and two mount pads (155), two mount pad (155) symmetry sets up on the both sides wall of waste material containing box (11), the both sides of closing door (151) one end all are equipped with first pivot, and two first pivots rotate respectively and install on two mount pads (155), first sprocket (153) are installed in first pivot, be equipped with first mounting panel (111) that are the level setting on the lateral wall of waste material containing box (11), closed motor (152) are installed on first mounting panel (111), install on the output of closed motor (152) second sprocket (154), second sprocket (154) are connected through chain drive with first sprocket (153).

4. The construction waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: preliminary screening subassembly (22) is including screening board (221), screening motor (222), third sprocket (223), fourth sprocket (224), universal driving shaft (225) and two cam (226), the both sides of screening board (221) one end all are equipped with the second pivot, all be equipped with on the two inner walls of screening frame (21) with second pivot normal running fit's rotary trough, be equipped with a plurality of screening hole (2211) on screening board (221), be equipped with first seat (212) of rotating that two symmetries set up on screening frame (21), universal driving shaft (225) rotate and install on two first seat (212) of rotating, third sprocket (223) are installed on universal driving shaft (225), screening motor (222) are installed on screening frame (21), fourth sprocket (224) are installed on the output of screening motor (222), fourth sprocket (224) pass through chain drive with third sprocket (223) and are connected, the two cams (226) are symmetrically arranged on the linkage shaft (225), and the two cams (226) are abutted against the bottom of the screening plate (221).

5. The construction waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the metal recovery assembly (23) comprises a first electromagnet (231) and two second mounting plates (232), an insertion groove matched with the first electromagnet (231) is formed in the side wall of the screening rack (21), the two second mounting plates (232) are symmetrically arranged on the back of the second mounting plates (232), and each second mounting plate (232) is fixed to the screening rack (21) through bolts.

6. The construction waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the smashing assembly (45) comprises a smashing motor (451), a driving gear (452) and two smashing roller shafts (453), the two smashing roller shafts (453) are symmetrically and rotatably installed in the smashing space (423), one end of each smashing roller shaft (453) is provided with a driven gear (454), the two driven gears (454) are meshed, the smashing motor (451) is located under one of the driven gears (454), the driving gear (452) is installed on the output end of the smashing motor (451), and the driving gear (452) is meshed with the driven gear (454) above the driving gear.