CN106830728A - One kind building solid waste best quality handling process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-quality construction solid waste treatment process, which mainly includes the following steps: performing pretreatment in a construction solid waste yard, including air drying and manual sorting; peeling off mud powder and mud blocks, and passing through three-stage crushing and three-stage sieving Sorting, manual sorting, combined with different sorting technologies such as winnowing, magnetic separation, color sorting, and solid waste screening with different hardness, using combined grinding and dry sand washing technology to prepare 2 kinds of green new mineral admixtures, Ordinary recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm and 20-31.5mm, high-strength and high-quality recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm and 20-31.5mm, mortar and concrete internal maintenance aggregate5 High-quality, high value-added recycled products, as well as inert fine powder and other sorting products. The invention realizes refined and high-value-added treatment of construction solid waste, achieves 100% resource utilization, and achieves a major breakthrough in the high-quality treatment of construction solid waste resource utilization industry.

Description

A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of resource utilization of building solid waste and building materials, and relates to a high-quality treatment process of building solid waste.

Background technique

With the vigorous development of my country's infrastructure construction, old buildings, roads, etc. are demolished and rebuilt, and large-scale construction of houses and municipal facilities has produced a huge amount of construction solid waste. According to statistics, my country's current annual output is about 2 billion tons. , The reserve of construction solid waste is about 20 billion tons, causing serious pollution of the environment, land, air, and water resources. At present, most of my country's construction solid waste is landfilled, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of construction solid waste disposal, wasting a lot of land resources.

my country's construction demolition sites do not systematically classify construction solid waste, which greatly increases the difficulty of resource utilization of construction solid waste. At present, construction solid waste treatment only realizes simple crushing and screening, which generally includes crushing, magnetic separation, screening and other processes. According to the different types of construction solid waste and the demand for recycled products, there is no mature process technology for the systematic disposal of mixed construction solid waste, and there are generally problems such as lack of systematic removal methods, low treatment efficiency, and unstable product quality. At present, general construction solid waste is treated as recycled aggregate, which is only used in low value-added products such as recycled bricks and recycled blocks, making it difficult for resource utilization enterprises to generate profits. At the same time, the crushing index, impurity content, and apparent density of the recycled aggregate produced are also difficult to meet the national standard requirements, and it is even more difficult to be applied in concrete.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-quality treatment process for construction solid waste in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, to realize more refined and efficient sorting of construction solid waste, and to achieve high-quality, high added value, and stable performance. recycled products.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the above-mentioned problem is:

A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process, comprising the following steps:

(1) Air-dry the construction solid waste in a closed yard, try to ensure that the moisture content of the construction solid waste is kept below 10%; then conduct preliminary manual sorting, and sort out rags, plastics, glass, wires, and wood as much as possible etc., to reduce the pressure for subsequent sorting;

(2) Transport the remaining construction solid waste after sorting in step (1) to a heavy-duty stripping screen to remove mixed mud, and then transport it to a vibrating feeder. The construction solid waste with a particle size of 0-80mm is directly After entering the primary screening, the remaining parts are first manually sorted out rags, plastics, glass, wires, wood and other substances, and then enter the primary crushing, so that the particle size is basically kept below 100-150mm, and then removed by magnetic separation. Scrap metal and light materials such as rags, plastics, glass, wires, wood, etc. manually sorted out;

(3) The construction solid waste obtained in step (2) is sieved into five parts with a particle size of 0-15mm, 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and 85mm or more; wherein, the part with a particle size of 0-15mm is directly used as Garden soil or filling soil; the remaining part is sorted out light substances such as rags, wood, plastics, etc. with a light substance separator;

(4) Carry out color sorting to step (3) obtained particle size 45-65mm, 65-85mm construction solid waste, realize the sorting of more than 90% of brick and concrete;

(5) Carry out secondary crushing, magnetic separation of scrap metal and wind separation of light matter separation and secondary screening to the bricks and concrete selected in step (4) respectively; wherein, bricks are divided into The particle size is 20-31.5mm, three parts above 31.5mm and below 20mm, and then the bricks with a particle size below 20mm are directly combined to grind to prepare a new type of green high-activity mineral admixture with a surface area greater than 350m ² /kg. Bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm are prepared by three-stage crushing to prepare mortar and concrete internal curing materials with a particle size of 0-5mm, and bricks with a particle size above 31.5mm are subjected to step (5) again; the concrete is divided into particle sizes after secondary screening Ordinary recycled aggregates of 0-5mm, 5-20mm and 20-31.5mm, and concrete with a particle size of 31.5mm or more, step (5) again for the concrete with a particle size of 31.5mm or more;

(6) Carry out color winnowing for the construction solid waste obtained in step (3) with a particle size of 15-45mm and above 85mm. After sorting out the glass, carry out secondary crushing, magnetic separation of scrap metal and air separation of light substances, secondary Screening, sieving into ordinary recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm, and the part with a particle size above 31.5mm;

(7) The particle strength of the part more than 31.5mm of the gained particle diameter of step (6) is higher, carries out secondary crushing, magnetic separation removes scrap metal, sieves and obtains particle diameter respectively at 0-5mm, 5-20mm, 20- 31.5mm high-strength and high-performance recycled aggregate.

According to the above scheme, the glass selected in the step (6) is ground until the specific surface area of the ground particles is greater than 350m ² /kg, and used as a new type of green recycled glass powder with high activity mineral admixture.

According to the above plan, all the crushing and screening processes include primary crushing, primary screening, secondary crushing, secondary screening, tertiary crushing, and tertiary screening, etc., and the fine powder is collected into inert fine powder through the dust collection device. Tank, used as inorganic mixture powder material.

According to the above scheme, the primary crushing is jaw crushing; the secondary crushing is impact crushing; the tertiary crushing is vertical impact crushing or impact crushing or cone crushing.

According to the above scheme, the scrap metals are recycled and processed into steel products.

According to the above scheme, the manual sorting of rags, plastics, glass, electric wires, steel bars, wood and the like.

According to the above scheme, the light substances include rags, wood, plastics, etc., wherein the plastics are processed into plastic granules, the wood is directly recycled, and other light substances are pyrolyzed, dry-distilled and gasified to produce combustible gases.

According to the above plan, in the step (5), the bricks with a particle size below 20mm are combined for grinding to prepare a new type of green high-activity mineral admixture, or the bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm and a particle size of 20mm or less are combined according to requirements. Grinding.

According to the above scheme, the color sorting can sort glass, concrete and bricks through optical scanning sorting and spray them out with high-pressure nozzles.

According to the above scheme, the obtained mortar with a particle size of 0-5mm, concrete internal curing materials, and ordinary recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm can be de-powdered by a dry sand washing machine, so that the fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm The mass content is lower than 12%. Wherein, the fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm enters an inert micropowder tank and is used as an inorganic mixture powder material. And these recycled aggregates with a particle size of 0-5mm are powder-removed to improve quality. At the same time, dry sand washing technology is used to avoid secondary pollution and save water resources.

According to the above scheme, the dry sand washing machine adopts an air screen.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The present invention realizes the refined classification of construction solid waste, realizes the refined classification of construction solid wastes such as bricks, low-strength concrete, high-strength concrete, glass, etc., and combines wind separation, magnetic separation, and manual sorting at the same time, Color sorting to realize 100% classification and 100% resource utilization of construction solid waste;

(2) The high-quality construction solid waste treatment process described in the present invention produces mortar, concrete inner oxidized aggregates, and two new types of green high-activity mineral admixtures, which can be used for recycled high-strength and high-quality aggregates for the production of concrete with a strength above C40 , to achieve several times the value of construction solid waste products.

(3) The regenerated fine aggregate obtained in the present invention contains less powder, and the sand washing process does not produce secondary pollution.

(4) The present invention realizes the stripping of soil and mud in construction solid waste, making the subsequent crushing and screening more efficient, without blocking the crusher and screening equipment; and the efficiency of wind selection in the later stage is high.

Description of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of the high-quality construction solid waste treatment process of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process, comprising the following steps:

(1) Air-dry the construction solid waste in a closed yard, try to ensure that the moisture content of the construction solid waste is kept below 10%; then carry out preliminary manual sorting, and sort out rags, plastics, glass, wires, and steel bars as much as possible , wood, etc., to reduce the pressure for subsequent sorting;

(2) Transport the remaining construction solid waste after sorting in step (1) to a heavy-duty stripping screen to remove mixed mud, and then transport it to a vibrating feeder. The construction solid waste with a particle size of 0-80mm is directly After entering the first-level screening, the remaining parts are firstly manually sorted out of rags, plastics, glass, wires, wood and other materials, and then enter the first-level jaw crushing, so that the particle size is basically kept below 100-150mm. Then carry out magnetic separation to remove scrap metal and secondary manual sorting to remove light substances such as rags, plastics, glass, wires, and wood;

(3) The construction solid waste obtained in step (2) whose particle size is basically kept below 100-150mm is sieved into five parts with a particle size of 0-15mm, 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and above 85mm; The part with a particle size of 0-15mm is directly used as garden soil or filling soil; the rest of the particle size is 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and above 85mm. light materials such as plastics;

(4) The construction solid waste with a particle size of 45-65mm and 65-85mm obtained in step (3) is sorted out again by a light material separator to remove light materials such as rags, wood, plastics, etc., and then color-separated by optical scanning. Sorting to achieve more than 90% separation of bricks and concrete;

(5) The bricks and concrete sorted out in step (4) are subjected to secondary impact crushing, magnetic separation of waste metals and air separation of light materials, and secondary screening; wherein, bricks are subjected to secondary screening. It is divided into three parts with a particle size of 20-31.5mm, above 31.5mm and below 20mm, and then the bricks with a particle size below 20mm are directly combined for grinding to prepare a new type of green high-activity mineral admixture with a surface area greater than 350m ² /kg. Bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm are crushed by three-stage vertical impact crushing to prepare mortar with a particle size of 0-5 mm and concrete internal curing materials, and bricks with a particle size of 31.5 mm or more are subjected to step (5) again; concrete is classified after secondary screening Ordinary recycled aggregates with a particle diameter of 0-5mm, 5-20mm and 20-31.5mm, and concrete with a particle diameter of 31.5mm or more, step (5) again for the concrete with a particle diameter of 31.5mm or more;

(6) The construction solid waste obtained in step (3) with a particle size of 15-45mm and above 85mm is sorted out again with a light material separator to remove light materials such as rags, wood, plastics, etc., and then conduct color selection by optical scanning. After sorting out the glass, carry out secondary impact crushing, magnetic separation of scrap metal and air separation of light materials, secondary screening, and screening into particle sizes of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm ordinary regenerated bone material and the part with a particle size above 31.5mm;

(7) The particle intensity of the part more than 31.5mm of the gained particle diameter of step (6) is higher, carries out three-stage cone crushing, magnetic separation removes scrap metal, three-stage screening, obtains particle diameter respectively at 0-5mm, 5- 20mm, 20-31.5mm high-strength and high-quality recycled aggregate;

(8) The glass sorted out in step (6) is ground to a particle specific surface area greater than 350m ² /kg, as a new type of green recycled glass micropowder high-activity mineral admixture;

(9) The mortar and concrete inner curing materials with a particle size of 0-5mm obtained are depowdered by an air sieve, so that the mass content of the fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm is lower than 12%; ordinary regenerated bone with a particle size of 0-5mm obtained The high-quality recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm is depowdered by an air sieve, so that the mass content of fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm is less than 12%. Wherein, the fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm enters an inert micropowder tank and is used as an inorganic mixture powder material.

(10) Other collected materials are also sorted and recycled. Among them, scrap metal is recycled and processed into steel, plastic is processed into plastic granules, wood is directly recycled, and other pyrolysis and carbonization are gasified to produce combustible gas.

(11) Set up a dust collection device to collect the fine powder produced in the above steps from primary jaw crushing, primary screening, secondary impact crushing, secondary screening, tertiary impact crushing, and tertiary cone crushing into the inert Micro powder tank, can be used as inorganic mixture powder material.

Example 2

A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process can be refined into the following steps:

Step 1: Pre-treat the construction solid waste, air-dry it in a closed storage yard, and perform preliminary manual sorting. The sorted plastic, glass, wire, steel bar, wood, etc. enter step 17. The building solid waste after the initial manual sorting waste into step 2;

Step 2: The manually sorted construction solid waste is fed into the hopper, transported to the heavy-duty stripping sieve to screen out mixed mud; Solid waste directly enters step 6, while construction solid waste with a particle size above 80mm enters step 3;

Step 3: Carry out first-level manual sorting of construction solid waste with a particle size above 80mm, sort out rags, wood, plastics, wires, etc. and enter step 17, and the construction solid waste of this first-level manual sorting enters step 4;

Step 4: The first-level artificially sorted construction solid waste is subjected to the first-level jaw crushing, and then enters step 5; the dust collection device collects the dust particles generated during the first-level jaw crushing process, and the dust particles obtained are stored in an inert micro-powder tank ;

Step 5: The construction solid waste after the primary jaw crushing is subjected to secondary manual sorting and magnetic separation and enters step 6; while the light substances (plastic, wood, rags, etc.), wires, etc. 1. The scrap metals selected by magnetic field all enter step 17;

Step 6: The construction solid waste is classified by the first-level screening device and divided into five parts with a particle size of 0-15mm, 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and 85mm or more. Among them, buildings with a particle size of 0-15mm Solid waste is used as backfill soil or processing garden soil; after separation of light substances from the four parts with a particle size of 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and 85mm or more, the obtained parts with a particle size of 45-65mm and 65-85mm Enter step 7, the part with a particle size of 15-45mm and greater than 85mm enters step 14; and separated light substances such as rags, wood, plastics enter step 17;

Step 7: The construction solid waste with a particle size of 45-65mm and 65-85mm obtained in step 6 is color-sorted separately to separate bricks and concrete blocks, and then proceed to step 8;

Step 8: Perform secondary impact crushing on bricks and concrete blocks, and then enter step 9; the dust collection device collects the dust particles generated during the secondary impact crushing process, and the obtained dust particles are stored in an inert micro-powder tank;

Step 9: The bricks obtained in step 8 are subjected to magnetic separation to remove iron and light substances to separate rags, wood, plastics, wires, etc., and then proceed to step 10; the concrete blocks obtained in step 8 are subjected to magnetic separation to remove iron, and light substances are separated to obtain rags , wood, plastic, wire, etc., enter step 13;

Step 10: The bricks obtained in step 9 are subjected to secondary screening, and are divided into three parts of brick particles with a particle size greater than 31.5mm, 0-20mm, and 20-31.5mm. Among them, particles with a particle size greater than 31.5mm enter step 8 again; The particles with a diameter of 0-20mm are combined for grinding, and the specific surface area of the grinding particles is greater than 350m ² /kg, as a new type of green high-activity mineral admixture; the particles with a particle size of 20-31.5mm enter step 12 or step 11 according to requirements;

Step 11: The brick particles with a particle size of 20-31.5mm obtained in step 10 are combined for grinding, and the specific surface area of the grinding particles is greater than 350m ² /kg, as a new type of green high-activity mineral admixture;

Step 12: The brick particles with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm obtained in step 10 are subjected to three-stage vertical impact crushing, crushed to a particle size of 0-5 mm, used as mortar and concrete internal maintenance aggregate, and carried out to step 18; the dust collection device collects the The dust particles produced during the three-stage vertical impact crushing process are stored in an inert micro-powder tank;

Step 13: The concrete block obtained in step 9 is subjected to secondary screening, and is divided into four parts of concrete particles with a particle size greater than 31.5mm, 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm, wherein particles with a particle size greater than 31.5mm enter the step again 8. Three parts of concrete particles with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm are used as concrete recycled aggregate; wherein the obtained concrete recycled aggregate particles with a particle size of 0-5mm are carried out in step 18;

Step 14: The construction solid waste obtained in step 6 with a particle size of 15-45 mm and larger than 85 mm is sorted out again with light matter separators to remove light materials such as rags, wood, plastics, etc., and then conducts color winnowing through optical scanning. The selected glass enters step 19; the remaining parts are sequentially subjected to secondary impact crushing, magnetic separation to remove iron, and light matter separation, and then enter step 15 for secondary screening; among them, iron and light matter enter step 17; dust collection The device collects the dust particles produced in the secondary impact crushing process, and the obtained dust particles are stored in an inert micro powder tank;

Step 15: After the secondary screening of the remaining solid waste in step 14, it is screened into four parts with a particle size larger than 31.5mm, 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm; among them, the part with a particle size larger than 31.5mm enters Step 16: Particle sizes of 0-5mm, 5-20mm and 20-31.5mm are all used as ordinary recycled aggregates with different gradations, and ordinary recycled aggregates with particle sizes of 0-5mm are carried out in step 18;

Step 16: Parts with a particle size greater than 31.5mm obtained in step 15 are sequentially subjected to three-stage cone crushing, magnetic separation to remove scrap metal, and three-stage screening to obtain high-strength powders with particle sizes of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm respectively. High-quality recycled aggregate; and the high-quality recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm is carried out in step 18;

Step 17: The collected materials are classified and recycled, metals are recycled into steel, plastics are processed into plastic granules, wood is directly recycled, other pyrolysis and carbonization are gasified to produce combustible gas, and glass is processed in step 19;

Step 18: Use an air sieve to depowder the mortar with a particle size of 0-5mm, the concrete internal curing material, the ordinary recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm, and the high-quality recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5mm, so that the particles The mass content of the fine powder with a diameter of less than 0.075mm is less than 12%, and the fine powder with a particle diameter of less than 0.075mm enters an inert micropowder tank and is used as an inorganic mixture powder material.

Step 19: The obtained glass is subjected to combined grinding, and the specific surface area of the ground particles is greater than 350m ² /kg, which is used as a new type of green recycled glass powder with high activity mineral admixture.

Therefore, the present invention produces high-value-added products such as high-performance green admixtures, high-strength and high-performance aggregates, and internal maintenance materials by utilizing this high-quality treatment process, thereby improving operating profits for regeneration treatment companies and greatly promoting building solidity. A major breakthrough has been made in the utilization of waste resources.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, some improvements and changes can also be made, and these all belong to the present invention scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process is characterized in that it mainly comprises the following steps: (1) Air-dry the construction solid waste in a closed yard to ensure that the moisture content of the construction solid waste is kept below 10%; then conduct preliminary manual sorting; (2) Transport the remaining construction solid waste after preliminary manual sorting in step (1) to a heavy-duty stripping screen to screen out mixed mud, and then transport it to a vibrating feeder, in which the construction solid waste with a particle size of 0-80mm is directly Enter the first-level screening, and the other parts are first-level manual sorting and then enter the first-level crushing, so that the particle size is basically kept below 100-150mm, and then magnetically select scrap metal and carry out second-level manual sorting; (3) Sieve the construction solid waste obtained in step (2) into five parts with a particle size of 0-15mm, 15-45mm, 45-65mm, 65-85mm and 85mm or more; wherein, the part with a particle size of 0-15mm is directly used as Garden soil or filling soil; the rest is sorted out of light matter; (4) Carry out color sorting to step (3) obtained particle size 45-65mm, 65-85mm construction solid waste, realizes the separation of brick and concrete more than 90%; (5) The bricks and concrete sorted out in step (4) are subjected to secondary crushing, magnetic separation of waste metal and light material separation, and secondary screening; wherein, bricks are divided into particle sizes after secondary screening. 20-31.5mm, three parts above 31.5mm and below 20mm, and then the bricks with a particle size below 20mm are directly combined for grinding to prepare a highly active mineral admixture with a surface area greater than 350m ² /kg, and a particle size of 20-31.5mm Bricks are prepared by three-stage crushing to prepare mortar and concrete internal curing materials with a particle size of 0-5mm, and step (5) is performed again for bricks with a particle size above 31.5mm; concrete is prepared with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5 -20mm and 20-31.5mm ordinary recycled aggregate, concrete with a particle size of 31.5mm or more enters step (5) again; (6) Carry out color winnowing for the construction solid waste obtained in step (3) with a particle size of 15-45mm and above 85mm. After sorting out the glass, carry out secondary crushing, magnetic separation of scrap metal and air separation of light substances, secondary Screening, sieving into ordinary recycled aggregates with a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm, and parts with a particle size above 31.5mm; (7) The particles with a particle size of 31.5mm or more obtained in step (6) have a higher particle strength, and three-stage crushing, magnetic separation to remove scrap metal, and sieving to obtain a particle size of 0-5mm, 5-20mm, and 20-31.5mm High-strength and high-performance recycled aggregate. 2. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass selected in the step (6) is ground until the specific surface area of the ground particles is greater than 350m ² /kg, as a green glass. Recycled glass micronized highly active mineral admixture. 3. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that all crushing and screening processes include primary crushing, primary screening, secondary crushing, secondary screening, and tertiary crushing , Three-stage sieving, all the fine powder is collected by the dust collection device and entered into the inert micro-powder tank, which is used as the powder material of the inorganic mixture. 4. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary crushing is jaw crushing; the secondary crushing is impact crushing; the tertiary crushing is vertical impact crushing or impact crushing crushing or cone crushing. 5. A refined construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that said scrap metal is recycled and treated as steel. 6. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic in the light substances is treated as plastic particles, the wood is directly recycled, and other light substances are pyrolyzed and carbonized to produce combustible gas . 7. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that rags, plastics, glass, wires, steel bars, and wood are manually sorted out. 8. A kind of high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (5), the bricks with a particle size below 20 mm are subjected to joint grinding to prepare highly active mineral admixtures, or the particle size Bricks with a size of 20-31.5mm are combined with bricks with a particle size of less than 20mm according to requirements. 9. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the color sorting is identified by optical scanning and sprayed out with a high-pressure nozzle; the dry sand washing machine adopts air sieve. 10. A high-quality construction solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the obtained mortar with a particle size of 0-5 mm, concrete internal curing materials, and ordinary recycled aggregate with a particle size of 0-5 mm are respectively dry-type The sand washing machine removes powder, so that the mass content of fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm is less than 12%; the obtained fine powder with a particle size of less than 0.075mm enters an inert micropowder tank and is used as an inorganic mixture powder material.