CN110947483B - Household garbage combined screening equipment - Google Patents

Household garbage combined screening equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110947483B
CN110947483B CN201911306572.1A CN201911306572A CN110947483B CN 110947483 B CN110947483 B CN 110947483B CN 201911306572 A CN201911306572 A CN 201911306572A CN 110947483 B CN110947483 B CN 110947483B
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China
Prior art keywords
garbage
screening
belt
roller
separator
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CN201911306572.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110947483A (en
Inventor
廖文赟
覃军世
凌君安
苏云
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/34—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen
    • B07B1/343—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendiculary to the plane of the screen with mechanical drive elements other than electromagnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/01—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
    • B65B69/0033—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C2018/162—Shape or inner surface of shredder-housings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses household garbage combined screening equipment which comprises a feeding hopper, a bag breaker, a bouncing screening machine, a crusher, a mesh belt screening conveyor, a winnowing machine, a magnetic separator and a vortex separator which are sequentially arranged along a garbage conveying path; the mesh belt screening conveyor is arranged at the output end of the crusher to screen the garbage into crushed fragile garbage and uncrushed nonfracterized garbage, and collect the crushed fragile garbage and output the uncrushed nonfracterized garbage; the output of air separator is connected with the input of magnet separator, and the light rubbish is collected according to the weight characteristic of different rubbish to the air separator and makes heavy rubbish fall into the magnet separator, and the output of magnet separator is connected with the input of vortex separator, and the magnet separator is collected magnetism metal rubbish according to the magnetism of different rubbish and is carried non-magnetism metal rubbish to the vortex separator in, and the vortex separator sieves nonferrous metal rubbish and insulating rubbish and collect in the rubbish of remaining according to the conductivity of different rubbish.

Description

Household garbage combined screening equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to household garbage combined screening equipment.
Background
Domestic garbage is solid waste generated in daily life of human beings, and in order to improve and maintain the environmental quality, many domestic garbage is directly transported to a garbage landfill or an incinerator by adopting a garbage truck. In the process of garbage disposal, many garbage is mixed garbage, especially household garbage, many garbage is bagged, many harmful garbage can be recycled and reused, the garbage is not screened in advance, and the garbage is directly conveyed to an incinerator for incineration, such as plastic bottles and nonferrous metals, can be recycled and reused, and can cause the discharge of dioxin if the garbage is directly incinerated, so that the pollution to the air is greatly caused. At present, although the country emphasizes the classification and delivery of the garbage, a period of time is needed for the people to develop a conscious classification and delivery habit, and some places are still mixed and delivered with the garbage, and the mixed and delivered garbage is really reduced only by pre-screening the garbage which cannot be burned and can be recycled through some organic screening equipment. Even in areas where the implementation of garbage classification is better, garbage classification is only roughly divided into dry garbage, wet garbage, harmful garbage (trisection method) or kitchen garbage, recyclable garbage, harmful garbage and other garbage (quarterion method), and the trisection method and the quarterion method do not clearly screen garbage, and still require pre-screening equipment. Therefore, the existing garbage screening equipment has low screening efficiency and is not clear enough to screen, and the difficulty of subsequent recycling and treatment of garbage is not reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides household garbage combined screening equipment, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing garbage screening equipment is low in screening efficiency and is not clear enough in screening.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a domestic waste combined screening apparatus comprising a hopper, a bag breaker, a bouncing screen, a crusher, a mesh belt screening conveyor, a winnowing machine, a magnetic separator and a vortex separator arranged in sequence along a conveying path of waste; the feeding hopper is used for feeding bagged garbage; the bag breaker is arranged below an output port of the feeding hopper so as to break bags of the put-in bagged garbage; the bouncing screening machine is arranged at the output end of the bag breaking machine, and screens the garbage into block garbage, sheet garbage and particle garbage according to the structural characteristics of different garbage and outputs the block garbage, the sheet garbage and the particle garbage respectively; the crusher is arranged at one end of the bouncing device for outputting the block-shaped garbage so as to crush the fragile garbage in the block-shaped garbage; the mesh belt screening conveyor is arranged at the output end of the crusher to screen the garbage into crushed fragile garbage and uncrushed nonfracterized garbage, and collect the crushed fragile garbage and output the uncrushed nonfracterized garbage; the input end of the conveyor is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor, and the output end of the conveyor is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine so as to convey the uncrushed non-fragile garbage output by the mesh belt screening conveyor into the winnowing machine; the output of air separator is connected with the input of magnet separator, and the light rubbish is collected according to the weight characteristic of different rubbish to the air separator and makes heavy rubbish fall into the magnet separator, and the output of magnet separator is connected with the input of vortex separator, and the magnet separator is collected magnetism metal rubbish according to the magnetism of different rubbish and is carried non-magnetism metal rubbish to the vortex separator in, and the vortex separator sieves nonferrous metal rubbish and insulating rubbish and collect in the rubbish of remaining according to the conductivity of different rubbish.
Further, the bounce screening machine comprises a screen plate which is obliquely arranged, a driving swing arm assembly and a driven swing arm assembly which are arranged at two ends of the lower portion of the screen plate, and a first driving mechanism which is used for driving the driving swing arm assembly to swing, wherein the driving swing arm assembly and the driven swing arm assembly are respectively arranged at two ends of the screen plate, the driving swing arm assembly and the driven swing arm assembly are driven by the first driving mechanism to link and drive the screen plate to swing up and down, so that the massive garbage, the granular garbage and the flaky garbage are respectively concentrated in the lower portion area, the middle portion area and the upper portion area of the screen plate from low to high, a first bin for collecting the massive garbage, a second bin for collecting the granular garbage and a third bin for collecting the flaky garbage are respectively arranged below the lower portion area, the middle portion area and the upper portion area of the screen plate, and the first bin is communicated with an inlet of the crusher, and the massive garbage falls into the crusher.
Further, the bouncing screening machine further comprises a wind power auxiliary climbing mechanism for conveying air flow above the screen plate from low to high, and the air force provided by the air flow output by the wind power auxiliary climbing mechanism ensures that the sheet garbage climbs to the high region of the screen plate.
Further, the mesh belt screening conveyor comprises a screening mesh belt for screening broken fragile garbage and conveying unbroken massive garbage, a mesh belt driving roller and a mesh belt driven roller which are used for being matched with the screening mesh belt to realize linkage through the screening mesh belt, a second driving mechanism for driving the mesh belt driving roller to rotate, a support plate assembly for mounting the mesh belt driving roller and the mesh belt driven roller and a fourth bin which is arranged below the screening mesh belt and is used for collecting broken fragile garbage, and sieve holes for enabling the broken fragile garbage to pass through and enabling the unbroken garbage to pass through are formed in the screening mesh belt, so that the broken fragile garbage falls into the fourth bin through the sieve holes.
Further, the crusher comprises a crushing roller set for crushing garbage, and the crushing roller set is in transmission connection with the second driving mechanism through a transmission belt, so that the second driving mechanism drives the crushing roller set to rotate for crushing garbage and drives the screening net belt to roll for conveying garbage.
Further, the bouncing screening machine, the crusher and the mesh belt screening conveyor are arranged on one side to form a front screening unit, the winnowing machine, the magnetic separator and the vortex separator are arranged on the other side to form a rear screening unit, the conveyor comprises a vertical conveying device arranged in the height direction and a stirring conveying device arranged in the horizontal direction, the input end of the vertical conveying device is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor, the output end of the vertical conveying device is connected with the input end of the stirring conveying device, the output end of the stirring conveying device is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine, the non-fragile blocky garbage screened by the mesh belt screening conveyor is conveyed to the top from the bottom through the vertical conveying device and compressed, and then is output to the output end of the stirring conveying device, and the garbage output by the vertical conveying device is scattered and conveyed into the winnowing machine through the stirring conveying device.
Further, the vertical conveying device comprises an outer shell arranged in the height direction, a rotating shaft arranged in the outer shell and a third driving mechanism used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, a spiral piece is arranged on the rotating shaft, an inlet at the bottom of the outer shell is communicated to the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the third driving mechanism, so that non-fragile garbage entering the outer shell is conveyed to the top of the outer shell.
Further, the stirring and conveying device comprises a conveying belt, a driving belt roller, a driven belt roller, a fourth driving mechanism and a stirring rod, wherein the driving belt roller and the driven belt roller are used for being matched with the conveying belt to realize linkage through the conveying belt, the driving belt roller is driven to rotate through the fourth driving mechanism, the stirring rod is connected with the driven belt roller in a transmission mode, and therefore the driven belt roller synchronously rotates and carries out rolling conveying through the conveying belt, and meanwhile the stirring rod is driven to rotate through the driven belt roller so as to stir and scatter garbage on the conveying belt.
Further, the winnowing machine comprises a screening bin connected with the output end of the conveyor, a blowing mechanism for conveying air flow upwards in the screening bin so that light garbage in garbage output by the stirring conveying device ascends into the ascending channel and heavy garbage falls into the falling channel, a fifth bin mounted below the heavy garbage falling channel and used for collecting heavy garbage, an air suction mechanism mounted above the ascending channel and used for sucking air flow from the ascending channel so that light garbage in the ascending channel ascends and then falls down, and a sixth bin mounted below the light garbage falling channel and used for collecting light garbage.
Further, the vortex separator comprises a conveying belt for conveying the non-magnetic metal garbage output by the magnetic separator, a magnetic cylinder vertically arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying belt and encircling the outer side of the output end of the magnetic separator, and a fifth driving mechanism for driving the magnetic cylinder to rotate along the circumferential direction so as to generate an alternating magnetic field in the inner cavity of the magnetic cylinder, wherein the output end of the conveying belt is provided with a seventh storage bin for collecting nonferrous metals and an eighth storage bin for collecting insulating garbage.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
According to the household garbage combined screening equipment, the bag breaking machine is used for breaking bags of the collected bagged garbage, and the scattered garbage after the bag breaking is conveyed to the bouncing screening machine; organic matters and tiny particle garbage in household garbage are high in viscosity and are not easy to float and roll, and plastic films and paper-sheet garbage are easy to float, so that the garbage is screened into three-dimensional and roll-easy block garbage, light-weight and roll-easy sheet garbage and roll-difficult particle garbage according to the structural characteristics and material characteristics of different garbage through a bouncing screening machine, and the particle garbage and the sheet garbage are respectively collected and conveyed into a crusher for subsequent screening; the glass and ceramic garbage is fragile, the fragile garbage in the block garbage is crushed into small particles by a crusher, and the small-particle fragile garbage and other block garbage are conveyed into a mesh belt screening conveyor together; screening small granular fragile garbage according to the structural characteristics of different garbage by a mesh belt screening conveyor, collecting the fragile garbage, and conveying non-fragile massive garbage into a winnowing machine; the garbage of the plastic bottle is light garbage, the light garbage is screened out and collected by a winnowing machine according to the material characteristics of different garbage, and the heavy garbage falls into a magnetic separator; the magnetic metal garbage is screened out and collected according to the magnetic characteristics of different garbage through the magnetic separator, the garbage which is not provided with the magnetic characteristics is conveyed to the vortex separator, the nonferrous metal garbage with the conductive characteristics is screened out and collected according to the conductive characteristics of different garbage through the vortex separator, and the insulating garbage which is not provided with the conductive characteristics is collected. The household garbage screening equipment provided by the invention screens garbage into seven types, has multiple screening types and high screening efficiency, and is favorable for recycling and treating garbage of different types.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a domestic waste combined screening apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a domestic waste combined screening apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a construction of a trampoline screen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the breaker and belt screening conveyor of the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a screening belt according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the vertical transport apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a toggle conveyor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a winnowing machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic separator and vortex separator of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Legend description:
1. Feeding into a hopper; 2. a bag breaker; 3. a bouncing screening machine; 31. a sieve plate; 32. an active swing arm assembly; 33. a driven swing arm assembly; 34. a first driving mechanism; 35. an auxiliary climbing mechanism; 36. a second bin; 37. a third bin; 4. a crusher; 41. a crushing roller set; 42. jaw breaking plate group; 43. a housing; 5. a mesh belt screening conveyor; 51. screening the mesh belt; 52. a mesh belt driving roller; 53. a mesh belt driven roller; 54. a second driving mechanism; 55. a support plate assembly; 56. a fourth stock bin; 6. a vertical conveying device; 61. an outer housing; 62. a rotation shaft; 63. a third driving mechanism; 7. a stirring and conveying device; 71. a conveyor belt; 72. a driving belt roller; 73. a driven belt roller; 74. a fourth driving mechanism; 75. a stirring rod; 8. winnowing machine; 81. a screening bin; 82. an air blowing mechanism; 83. a fifth stock bin; 84. an air suction mechanism; 85. a sixth stock bin; 9. a magnetic separator; 91. a magnetic roller; 10. a vortex separator; 101. a conveyor belt; 102. a magnetic cylinder; 103. a fifth driving mechanism; 104. a seventh bin; 105. an eighth stock bin; 106. a sixth driving mechanism; 11. an air source device; 111. a first blow line; 112. an air suction line; 113. and a second blowing pipeline.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the invention can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a domestic waste combined screening apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a domestic waste combined screening apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a construction of a trampoline screen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the breaker and belt screening conveyor of the preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a screening belt according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the vertical transport apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a toggle conveyor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a winnowing machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic separator and vortex separator of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the domestic garbage combined screening device of the embodiment comprises a feeding hopper 1, a bag breaker 2, a bouncing screening machine 3, a crusher 4, a mesh belt screening conveyor 5, a conveyor, a winnowing machine 8, a magnetic separator 9 and a vortex separator 10 which are sequentially arranged along a garbage conveying path; the feeding hopper 1 is used for feeding bagged garbage; the bag breaker 2 is arranged below the output port of the feeding hopper 1 so as to break bags of the put-in bagged garbage; the bouncing screen 3 is arranged at the output end of the bag breaker 2, and the bouncing screen 3 screens the garbage into block garbage, sheet garbage and granular garbage according to the structural characteristics of different garbage and outputs the garbage and the block garbage, the sheet garbage and the granular garbage respectively; The crusher 4 is arranged at one end of the bouncing device for outputting the block-shaped garbage so as to crush the fragile garbage in the block-shaped garbage; a mesh belt screening conveyor 5 is installed at an output end of the crusher 4 to screen the garbage into crushed fragile garbage and uncrushed nonfracterized garbage, and to collect the crushed fragile garbage and output the uncrushed nonfracterized garbage; the input end of the conveyor is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor 5, and the output end of the conveyor is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine 8 so as to convey the uncrushed non-fragile garbage output by the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 into the winnowing machine 8; the output of air separator 8 is connected with the input of magnet separator 9, and light rubbish is collected according to the weight characteristic of different rubbish to air separator 8 and makes heavy rubbish fall into magnet separator 9, and the output of magnet separator 9 is connected with the input of vortex separator 10, and magnet separator 9 collects magnetism metal rubbish according to the magnetism of different rubbish and carries non-magnetism metal rubbish to vortex separator 10 in, and vortex separator 10 sieves non ferrous metal rubbish and insulating rubbish and collect according to the conductivity of different rubbish in with remaining rubbish. According to the household garbage combined screening equipment, the bag breaking device is used for breaking bags of the collected bagged garbage, and the scattered garbage after bag breaking is conveyed to the bouncing screening machine 3; organic matters and tiny particle garbage in household garbage are high in viscosity and are not easy to float and roll, and plastic films and paper-sheet garbage are easy to float, so that the garbage is screened into three-dimensional and roll block garbage, light-weight and roll sheet garbage and roll particle garbage and are not easy to roll and roll according to the structural characteristics and material characteristics of different garbage by the bouncing screening machine 3, and the particle garbage and the sheet garbage are respectively collected and conveyed into the crusher 4 for subsequent screening; The glass and ceramic garbage is fragile, the fragile garbage in the block garbage is crushed into small particles by a crusher 4, and the small-particle fragile garbage and other block garbage are conveyed into a mesh belt screening conveyor 5; screening small granular fragile garbage according to the structural characteristics of different garbage by a mesh belt screening conveyor 5, collecting the fragile garbage, and conveying non-fragile block garbage to a winnowing machine 8 of a winnowing device; the garbage of the plastic bottle is light garbage, the light garbage is screened out and collected by a winnowing machine 8 according to the material characteristics of different garbage, and the heavy garbage falls into a magnetic separator 9; the magnetic separator 9 screens out magnetic metal garbage according to the magnetic characteristics of different garbage and collects the magnetic metal garbage, the garbage which does not have the magnetic characteristics is conveyed to the vortex separator 10, the non-ferrous metal garbage with the conductive characteristics is screened out and collected according to the conductive characteristics of the different garbage by the vortex separator 10, and the insulating garbage which does not have the conductive characteristics is collected. The household garbage screening equipment provided by the invention screens garbage into seven types, has multiple screening types and high screening efficiency, and is favorable for recycling and treating garbage of different types.
In the present embodiment, the bag breaker 2 includes: the bag breaking device comprises a shell, a feeding hopper 1, a bag breaking roller, a bag breaking knife set, a bag breaking roller and a bag breaking knife set, wherein the feeding hopper 1 is used for introducing bagged garbage to be broken into a bag breaking cavity in the shell, the bag breaking roller is arranged in the bag breaking cavity in a rotating mode around an elastic shaft, the bag breaking knife set is arranged on the peripheral wall of the bag breaking roller and used for hooking the bagged garbage falling into the bag breaking cavity from the feeding hopper 1, and the bag breaking roller is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the bag breaking roller. The bag breaking cavity is also provided with a back-off knife set matched with the bag breaking knife set, the back-off knife set is used for hooking up the bagged garbage driven by the bag breaking knife set to enable the garbage bag of the bagged garbage to be torn by the back-off knife set and the bag breaking knife set in the rotating process of the bag breaking roller, further the garbage in the bagged garbage falls into a discharge hole on the shell through a discharge gap between the back-off knife set and the bag breaking knife set, the back-off knife set is elastically hinged with the shell to enable the back-off knife set to back off in a direction away from the bag breaking knife set under the action of garbage extrusion, the discharge gap is further increased to adapt to the passage of garbage with different sizes, and the back-off knife set automatically returns to an initial state after the extrusion action force is eliminated.
When the bag breaking device 2 works, bagged garbage firstly enters the feeding hopper 1, then falls into a bag breaking roller in a bag breaking cavity under the action of the guide of the feeding hopper 1, the bag breaking roller continuously rotates around a certain elastic shaft in a fixed direction, a bag breaking knife group on the bag breaking roller hooks the bagged garbage to rotate together, when the bag breaking roller rotates to a back-off knife group, the bagged garbage is hooked by the back-off knife group, at the moment, the bag breaking roller continuously rotates, a garbage bag of the bagged garbage is torn together by the bag breaking knife group and the back-off knife group which are fixed on the bag breaking roller, the garbage is thrown out from the garbage bag, falls into a discharge hole on a shell from a discharge gap between the back-off knife group and the bag breaking knife group, and then enters the next sorting procedure through the discharge hole. The bag breaking roller continuously rotates, the bagged garbage continuously enters, and the garbage is continuously thrown out of the garbage bag and falls into the discharge hole after being continuously torn down by the bag breaking knife set and the back-off knife set, so that the bag breaking function is achieved. The bag breaking device and the bag breaking machine 2 not only can realize the bag breaking of the bagged garbage, so that the garbage smoothly enters a discharge hole below, but also has the advantages that the back-off knife set is elastically hinged with the shell, so that the back-off knife set automatically returns towards the direction far away from the bag breaking knife set under the action of garbage extrusion, the discharge gap between the back-off knife set and the bag breaking knife set is further increased to adapt to the passage of garbage with different sizes, the hard and large-size garbage is prevented from being stuck between the back-off knife set and the bag breaking knife set, the damage of the bag breaking knife set and the bag breaking device and the damage of the bag breaking machine 2 are avoided, and the garbage stuck between the back-off knife set and the bag breaking knife set does not need to be manually processed by stopping, so that the working safety is high, the bag breaking efficiency is high, the back-off knife set can automatically return to an initial state after the extrusion acting force acting on the back-off knife set is eliminated, the degree of automation is high, and the bag breaking device can be better adapted to the garbage with different sizes; in addition, because the bag breaking roller rotates around the elastic shaft, when the outer diameter of the garbage is too large, the garbage can be elastically avoided on the elastic shaft integrally, so that the garbage is prevented from being blocked between the back-off cutter set and the bag breaking cutter set.
As shown in fig. 3, the bouncing screening machine 3 includes a screen plate 31 that is obliquely arranged, a driving swing arm assembly 32 and a driven swing arm assembly 33 that are mounted at two ends below the screen plate 31, and a first driving mechanism 34 that is used for driving the driving swing arm assembly 32 to swing, the driving swing arm assembly 32 and the driven swing arm assembly 33 are respectively located at two ends of the screen plate 31, the driving swing arm assembly 32 and the driven swing arm assembly 33 are driven by the first driving mechanism 34 to move and drive the screen plate 31 to swing up and down, so that the bulk garbage, the granular garbage and the sheet garbage are respectively concentrated at a lower area, a middle area and a higher area of the screen plate 31 from low to high, and a first bin for collecting the bulk garbage, a second bin 36 for collecting the granular garbage and a third bin 37 for collecting the sheet garbage are respectively arranged below the lower area, the middle area and the higher area of the screen plate 31, and are communicated with an inlet of the crusher 4, so that the bulk garbage falls into the crusher 4. The bouncing screen 3 further includes a wind-assisted climbing mechanism 35 for conveying the airflow from low to high above the screen plate 31, and the wind force provided by the airflow output by the wind-assisted climbing mechanism 35 ensures climbing of the sheet-like waste to the high region of the screen plate 31.
As shown in fig. 4, the crushing device crusher 4 includes a crushing roller group 41 for cutting and crushing garbage, and a housing 43 for mounting the crushing roller group 41 and constituting a crushing chamber, and the crushing roller group 41 includes a rotation shaft, a drum mounted on the rotation shaft, and a crushing blade mounted on the drum. The crusher 4 further comprises a jaw plate set 42 mounted on the shell 43 and located at one side of the crushing roller set 41 for cutting material in cooperation with the crushing roller set 41, and the crushing roller set 41 extrudes the material on the cutting surface of the jaw plate set 42 for cutting. The crushing roller group 41 and the jaw crushing plate group 42 are distributed in a tiger mouth shape, materials to be crushed are concentrated above the tiger mouth, and after the materials are extruded on the cutting surface of the jaw crushing plate group 42 through the crushing roller group 41 to be cut and crushed, the crushed materials fall out from the tiger mouth and are output. The jaw breaking plate set 42 comprises a jaw plate for forming a cutting surface, a fixed shaft fixed on the shell 43 and hinged with the jaw plate, and an elastic supporting mechanism mounted on the shell 43 and used for elastically supporting the jaw plate, wherein the elastic supporting mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve mounted on the shell 43, a pull rod inserted in the shaft sleeve, a connecting rod with two ends respectively connected to the pull rod and the jaw plate, and a pressure spring mounted in the shaft sleeve and sleeved on the pull rod and used for elastically supporting the pull rod. The jaw plate is prevented from being pressed and damaged in the process of crushing materials through the buffer effect of the pressure spring. The jaw plate is formed by splicing a whole plate or a plurality of plates. A plurality of transverse ribs are arranged on the jaw plate along the vertical direction of the cutting direction of the crushing roller set 41 so as to improve the compression capacity of the jaw plate when the crushing roller set 41 cuts crushed materials on the jaw plate. The crushing roller set 41 is in transmission connection with the second driving mechanism 54 through a transmission belt, so that the second driving mechanism 54 drives the crushing roller set 41 to rotate and drives the screening mesh belt 51 to roll and convey garbage.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 includes a screening mesh belt 51 for screening crushed fragile garbage and conveying uncrushed lump garbage, a mesh belt driving roller 52 and a mesh belt driven roller 53 for cooperating with and effecting linkage by the screening mesh belt 51, a second driving mechanism 54 for driving the mesh belt driving roller 52 to rotate, a support plate assembly 55 for mounting the mesh belt driving roller 52 and the mesh belt driven roller 53, and a fourth bin 56 for collecting crushed fragile garbage mounted under the screening mesh belt 51, and mesh holes for passing the crushed fragile garbage but not the uncrushed nonfractable garbage are provided on the screening mesh belt 51 so that the crushed fragile garbage falls into the fourth bin 56 through the mesh holes.
The crusher 4 comprises a crushing roller set 41 for crushing garbage, and the crushing roller set 41 is in transmission connection with a second driving mechanism 54 through a transmission belt, so that the second driving mechanism 54 drives the crushing roller set 41 to rotate to crush garbage and drives the screening mesh belt 51 to roll and convey garbage.
The bouncing screening machine 3, the crusher 4 and the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 are arranged on one side to form a front screening unit, the winnowing machine 8, the magnetic separator 9 and the vortex separator 10 are arranged on the other side to form a rear screening unit, the conveyor comprises a vertical conveying device 6 arranged in the height direction and a stirring conveying device 7 arranged in the horizontal direction, the input end of the vertical conveying device 6 is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor 5, the output end of the vertical conveying device 6 is connected with the input end of the stirring conveying device 7, the output end of the stirring conveying device 7 is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine 8, the non-fragile blocky garbage screened by the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 is conveyed to the top from the bottom through the vertical conveying device 6 and compressed, and then the non-fragile blocky garbage is output to the output end of the stirring conveying device 7, and the garbage output by the vertical conveying device 6 is scattered and conveyed to the winnowing machine 8. The vertical conveying device 6 is used for conveying the garbage and simultaneously collapsing the non-fragile quick garbage, and the material poking conveying device 7 is used for poking out the collapsed and overlapped garbage so that the garbage enters the winnowing machine 8, and the light garbage is lifted and the heavy garbage falls. The front screening unit is formed by arranging the bouncing screening machine 3, the crusher 4 and the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 in the front, the rear screening unit is formed by arranging the winnowing machine 8, the magnetic separator 9 and the vortex separator 10 in the rear, and the front screening unit is connected with the rear screening unit through the vertical conveying device 6 and the shifting conveying device 7, so that the occupied space of the household garbage combined screening device is reduced. Optionally, the bouncing screen 3, the crusher 4 and the mesh belt screening conveyor 5 are arranged on the upper layer to form an upper layer screening unit, and the winnowing machine 8, the magnetic separator 9 and the vortex separator 10 are arranged on the lower layer to form a lower layer screening unit.
As shown in fig. 6, the vertical conveying device 6 comprises an outer casing 61 arranged in the height direction, a rotating shaft 62 installed in the outer casing 61, and a third driving mechanism 63 for driving the rotating shaft 62 to rotate, wherein a spiral sheet is arranged on the rotating shaft 62, an inlet at the bottom of the outer casing 61 is communicated with an output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor 5, and the rotating shaft 62 is driven to rotate by the third driving mechanism 63, so that non-fragile garbage entering the outer casing 61 is conveyed to the top of the outer casing 61.
As shown in fig. 7, the material stirring and conveying device 7 comprises a conveying belt 71, a driving belt roller 72 and a driven belt roller 73 which are used for being matched with the conveying belt 71 and realizing linkage through the conveying belt 71, a fourth driving mechanism 74 used for driving the driving belt roller 72 to rotate, and a material stirring rod 75 in transmission connection with the driven belt roller 73, wherein the driving belt roller 72 is driven to rotate through the fourth driving mechanism 74, so that the driven belt roller 73 synchronously rotates and carries out rolling conveying through the conveying belt 71, and meanwhile, the driven belt roller 73 drives the material stirring rod 75 to rotate so as to stir up garbage on the conveying belt 71.
As shown in fig. 8, the air separator 8 includes a screening bin 81 connected to an output end of the conveyor, an air blowing mechanism 82 for upwardly conveying an air flow into the screening bin 81 to cause light garbage in the garbage outputted from the deflector conveyor 7 to rise into the rising channel and heavy garbage to fall into the falling channel, a fifth bin 83 for collecting heavy garbage installed below the heavy garbage falling channel, an air suction mechanism 84 installed above the rising channel for sucking the air flow from the rising channel to cause light garbage in the rising channel to rise and then fall, and a sixth bin 85 installed below the light garbage falling channel for collecting light garbage. The household garbage combined screening device in the embodiment further comprises an air source device 11, wherein the air source device 11 is provided with a first air blowing pipeline 111 which is communicated with the air blowing mechanism 82 and used for conveying blowing air flow to the air blowing mechanism 82, an air suction pipeline 112 which is communicated with the air suction mechanism 84 and used for sucking air from the screening bin 81, and a second air blowing pipeline 113 which is communicated with the wind power auxiliary climbing mechanism 35 and used for conveying blowing air flow to the wind power auxiliary climbing mechanism 35, the air source device 11 is arranged above the vertical conveying device 6, and the first air blowing pipeline 111, the air suction pipeline 112 and the second air blowing pipeline 113 are all arranged above the conveying belt 71 along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 71. The screening bin 81 is provided with a drum for moving the garbage by rotation so as to screen the material. The roller can drive the garbage to move through continuous rotation, and plays roles in stirring and refining so as to screen the garbage.
As shown in fig. 9, the vortex separator 10 includes a conveyor belt 101 for conveying the non-magnetic metal garbage output from the magnetic separator 9, a magnetic drum 102 vertically arranged in a conveying direction of the conveyor belt 101 and surrounding an outside of an output end of the magnetic separator 9, and a fifth driving mechanism 103 for driving the magnetic drum 102 to rotate in a circumferential direction to generate an alternating magnetic field in an inner cavity of the magnetic drum 102, the output end of the conveyor belt 101 being provided with a seventh bin 104 for collecting nonferrous metals and an eighth bin 105 for collecting insulating garbage. The conveyer belt is installed through the cooperation of conveyer belt driving roll and conveyer belt driven voller. The magnetic separator 9 comprises a magnetic roller 91 and a ninth bin which is positioned below the magnetic roller 91 and is used for collecting magnetic metal garbage, the magnetic roller 91 and a conveyer belt driving roller are in transmission connection with a sixth driving mechanism 106 through a transmission belt, and the magnetic roller 91 and the conveyer belt driving roller are driven to rotate through the sixth driving mechanism 106, so that the magnetic roller 91 absorbs the magnetic metal garbage in the garbage and drives the magnetic metal garbage to fall into the ninth bin instead of the magnetic metal garbage, and the magnetic metal garbage falls onto a conveyer belt 101 and is conveyed into a magnetic cylinder 102.
The vortex separator 10 of the vortex separator of the present embodiment drives the magnetic cylinder 102 to rotate in the circumferential direction by the fifth driving mechanism 103, and generates an alternating magnetic field in the inner cavity of the magnetic cylinder 102. When the conveyor belt 101 conveys the garbage through the alternating magnetic field, since nonferrous metals in the garbage have conductivity, eddy currents are induced in the nonferrous metals, and the eddy currents generate an induced magnetic field. Because the direction of the induced magnetic field is opposite to the direction of the alternating magnetic field, nonferrous metals can jump upwards under the repulsive action and simultaneously continuously move along the conveying direction under the inertial action. The non-ferrous metal then falls under the force of gravity into the non-ferrous metal drop channel and eventually into the seventh bin 104. Since the nonmetal in the garbage is not conductive, the nonmetal continues to be conveyed in the conveying direction, and then falls into a nonmetal falling passage from the output end of the conveyor belt 101 under the action of gravity, and finally falls into the eighth bin 105. Nonferrous metals are collected by the seventh bin 104, and garbage without conductive insulating materials is collected by the eighth bin 105, so that nonferrous metal garbage and insulating nonmetallic garbage in the residual garbage are screened.
The inner wall surface of the magnetic cylinder 102 is provided with magnetic source bodies distributed along the axial direction of the magnetic cylinder 102, even number of magnetic source bodies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the magnetic cylinder 102, two magnetic source bodies in the same radial direction of the magnetic cylinder 102 form a magnetic source body group, and the directions of magnetic fields generated by two adjacent magnetic source body groups are opposite. The directions of the magnetic fields generated by the two adjacent magnetic source groups are opposite, and when the magnetic cylinder 102 rotates along the circumferential direction, the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the plurality of magnetic source groups are alternately changed, namely, alternating magnetic fields are generated. Optionally, the magnetic source body is made of permanent magnets. The two magnetic sources in the same magnetic source group have opposite polarity directions, and the two adjacent magnetic sources in the circumferential direction of the magnetic cylinder 102 have opposite polarity directions. The two magnetic source bodies in the same magnetic source body group have opposite polarity directions, and the two adjacent magnetic source bodies along the circumferential direction of the magnetic cylinder 102 have opposite polarity directions, so that the directions of magnetic fields generated by the two adjacent magnetic source body groups are opposite. The polar direction refers to the direction in which the N pole points to the S pole or the direction in which the S pole points to the N pole. In this embodiment, the magnetic source includes at least two magnetic source segments disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the magnetic cylinder 102, and the polarity directions of the adjacent two magnetic source segments are the same. The magnetic source body is not limited to the single-segment type, but may be a multi-segment type, that is, the magnetic source body includes at least two magnetic source body segments arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the magnetic cylinder 102, and the polarity directions of two adjacent magnetic source body segments are the same. When the magnetic cylinder 102 rotates in the circumferential direction, at least two magnetic source segments arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the magnetic cylinder 102 can generate a multi-stage alternating magnetic field. When nonferrous metal passes through the multistage alternating magnetic field, the upward-jumping speed of the nonferrous metal is faster, the upward-jumping distance is longer, and the nonferrous metal and nonmetal can be screened easily.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A household garbage combined screening device is characterized in that,
The garbage sorting machine comprises a feeding hopper (1), a bag breaker (2), a bouncing screening machine (3), a crusher (4), a mesh belt screening conveyor (5), a conveyor, a winnowing machine (8), a magnetic separator (9) and a vortex separator (10) which are sequentially arranged along a garbage conveying path;
The feeding hopper (1) is used for feeding bagged garbage; the bag breaker (2) is arranged below an output port of the feeding hopper (1) so as to break bags of the put bagged garbage;
The bouncing screening machine (3) is arranged at the output end of the bag breaking machine (2), and the bouncing screening machine (3) screens the garbage into block garbage, sheet garbage and particle garbage according to the structural characteristics of different garbage and outputs the block garbage, the sheet garbage and the particle garbage respectively;
the crusher (4) is arranged at one end of the bouncing device for outputting the block-shaped garbage so as to crush the fragile garbage in the block-shaped garbage;
the mesh belt screening conveyor (5) is arranged at the output end of the crusher (4) to screen the garbage into crushed fragile garbage and uncrushed nonfracterized garbage, collect the crushed fragile garbage and output the uncrushed nonfracterized garbage;
the input end of the conveyor is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor (5), and the output end of the conveyor is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine (8) so as to convey the uncrushed non-fragile garbage output by the mesh belt screening conveyor (5) into the winnowing machine (8);
The output end of the air separator (8) is connected with the input end of the magnetic separator (9), the air separator (8) collects light garbage according to the weight characteristics of different garbage and enables heavy garbage to fall into the magnetic separator (9), the output end of the magnetic separator (9) is connected with the input end of the vortex separator (10), the magnetic separator (9) collects magnetic metal garbage according to the magnetism of different garbage and conveys non-magnetic metal garbage into the vortex separator (10), and the vortex separator (10) screens the residual garbage into nonferrous metal garbage and insulating garbage according to the conductivity of different garbage and collects the nonferrous metal garbage;
The bouncing screening machine (3) comprises a screen plate (31) which is obliquely arranged, a driving swing arm assembly (32) and a driven swing arm assembly (33) which are arranged at two ends below the screen plate (31), and a first driving mechanism (34) for driving the driving swing arm assembly (32) to swing, wherein the driving swing arm assembly (32) and the driven swing arm assembly (33) are respectively arranged at two ends of the screen plate (31), the driving swing arm assembly (32) and the driven swing arm assembly (33) are driven by the first driving mechanism (34) to be linked and drive the screen plate (31) to swing up and down, so that massive garbage, granular garbage and flaky garbage are respectively concentrated in a lower area, a middle area and a higher area of the screen plate (31) from low to high, a first bin (36) for collecting the massive garbage, a second bin (36) for collecting the granular garbage and a third bin (37) for collecting the flaky garbage are respectively arranged below the lower area of the screen plate (31), and the first bin is communicated with an inlet of the crusher (4), so that the massive garbage falls into the crusher (4);
The mesh belt screening conveyor (5) comprises a screening mesh belt (51) for screening broken and unbroken massive garbage, a mesh belt driving roller (52) and a mesh belt driven roller (53) which are used for being matched with the screening mesh belt (51) to realize linkage through the screening mesh belt (51), a second driving mechanism (54) used for driving the mesh belt driving roller (52) to rotate, a support plate assembly (55) used for being provided with the mesh belt driving roller (52) and the mesh belt driven roller (53) and a fourth bin (56) which is arranged below the screening mesh belt (51) and used for collecting broken and fragile garbage, and the screening mesh belt (51) is provided with a sieve hole used for enabling broken and unbroken fragile garbage to pass through so that the broken and fragile garbage can not pass through, and the broken and fragile garbage can fall into the fourth bin (56) through the sieve hole;
The winnowing machine (8) comprises a screening bin (81) connected with the output end of the conveyor, an air blowing mechanism (82) for conveying air flow upwards into the screening bin (81) so that light garbage in garbage output by the stirring conveying device (7) rises into an upward passage and heavy garbage falls into a falling passage, a fifth bin (83) arranged below the heavy garbage falling passage and used for collecting heavy garbage, an air suction mechanism (84) arranged above the upward passage and used for sucking air flow from the upward passage so that light garbage in the upward passage rises and falls down, and a sixth bin (85) arranged below the light garbage falling passage and used for collecting light garbage;
The vortex separator (10) comprises a conveying belt (101) for conveying non-magnetic metal garbage output by the magnetic separator (9), a magnetic cylinder (102) which is vertically arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying belt (101) and surrounds the outside of the output end of the magnetic separator (9), and a fifth driving mechanism (103) for driving the magnetic cylinder (102) to rotate along the circumferential direction so as to generate an alternating magnetic field in the inner cavity of the magnetic cylinder (102), wherein the output end of the conveying belt (101) is provided with a seventh bin (104) for collecting nonferrous metals and an eighth bin (105) for collecting insulating garbage;
The magnetic separator (9) of the magnetic separation device comprises a magnetic roller (91) and a ninth bin which is positioned below the magnetic roller (91) and used for collecting magnetic metal garbage, wherein the magnetic roller (91) and a driving roller of the conveying belt are in transmission connection with a sixth driving mechanism (106) through a transmission belt, and the magnetic roller (91) and the driving roller of the conveying belt are driven to rotate through the sixth driving mechanism (106).
2. A household garbage combined screening device according to claim 1, wherein,
The bouncing screening machine (3) further comprises a wind-force auxiliary climbing mechanism (35) for conveying airflow from low to high to the position above the screen plate (31),
The sheet garbage is ensured to climb to the high area of the sieve plate (31) by the wind power provided by the air flow output by the wind power auxiliary climbing mechanism (35).
3. A household garbage combined screening device according to claim 1, wherein,
The crusher (4) comprises a set of crushing rollers (41) for crushing the waste,
The crushing roller set (41) is in transmission connection with the second driving mechanism (54) through a transmission belt, so that the second driving mechanism (54) drives the crushing roller set (41) to rotate to crush garbage and drives the screening mesh belt (51) to roll and convey the garbage.
4. A household garbage combined screening device according to claim 1, wherein,
The bouncing screen (3), the crusher (4) and the mesh belt screening conveyor (5) are arranged at one side to form a front screening unit,
The winnowing machine (8), the magnetic separator (9) and the vortex separator (10) are arranged on the other side to form a rear screening unit,
The conveyor comprises a vertical conveying device (6) arranged along the height direction and a stirring conveying device (7) arranged along the horizontal direction, the input end of the vertical conveying device (6) is connected with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor (5), the output end of the vertical conveying device (6) is connected with the input end of the stirring conveying device (7), the output end of the stirring conveying device (7) is connected with the input end of the winnowing machine (8),
The non-fragile block garbage screened by the mesh belt screening conveyor (5) is conveyed to the top from the bottom through the vertical conveying device (6) and compressed, then is output to the output end of the stirring conveying device (7), and the garbage output by the vertical conveying device (6) is scattered and conveyed to the winnowing machine (8) through the stirring conveying device (7).
5. A household garbage combined screening device according to claim 4, wherein,
The vertical conveying device (6) comprises an outer shell (61) which is arranged in the height direction, a rotating shaft (62) which is arranged in the outer shell (61) and a third driving mechanism (63) which is used for driving the rotating shaft (62) to rotate, a spiral sheet is arranged on the rotating shaft (62), an inlet at the bottom of the outer shell (61) is communicated with the output end of the mesh belt screening conveyor (5), and the rotating shaft (62) is driven to rotate through the third driving mechanism (63), so that non-fragile garbage entering the outer shell (61) is conveyed to the top of the outer shell (61).
6. A household garbage combined screening device according to claim 4, wherein,
The stirring and conveying device (7) comprises a conveying belt (71), a driving belt roller (72) and a driven belt roller (73) which are used for being matched with the conveying belt (71) and realizing linkage through the conveying belt (71), a fourth driving mechanism (74) used for driving the driving belt roller (72) to rotate and a stirring rod (75) which is in transmission connection with the driven belt roller (73),
The driving belt roller (72) is driven to rotate through the fourth driving mechanism (74), so that the driven belt roller (73) synchronously rotates and carries out rolling conveying through the conveying belt (71), and meanwhile, the material stirring rod (75) is driven to rotate through the driven belt roller (73) so as to stir up garbage on the conveying belt (71).
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