CN110946367A - 一种高性能鞋面材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高性能鞋面材料及其制备方法，所述高性能鞋面材料包括面层、中间层和基布层；所述面层和基布层均为织布材料；所述中间层包括基材和多个喇叭状的防水瓣；所述基材设置有多个透气孔，面层和基布层的网格细孔的孔径均小于透气孔的孔径；所述防水瓣的开口从上到下逐渐增大且其下端与透气孔内壁固定连接；所述中间层按重量份数包括以下组分：乙烯基硅橡胶基胶80‑160份、纳米二氧化硅7‑13份、硅藻土4‑17份、石蜡9‑23份、乙烯基硅油18‑25份、乙烯基MQ树脂9‑27份、填充剂12‑35份、硅烷偶联剂3‑8份和铂金催化剂0.2‑0.8份；通过改进现有鞋面材料的制备方法，制得防水效果好、透气性强的高性能鞋面材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及鞋面材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高性能鞋面材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
鞋子的材料以天然纤维织物和皮革为主，近代以来化工合成材料渐多。按鞋子的结构可分鞋面材料(鞋帮料)、里料、底料、辅料4类。现有的鞋面材料主要有织布材料和硅胶皮革两种。
织布材料作为鞋面材料，通常具有许多透气孔，散热和通风效果较好，夏天穿起来很凉爽，给人比较舒适的感觉。但是在夏天，通常雨水天气较多，飘落的雨水或地面的积水容易透过织布材料的透气孔进入鞋内，导致人的脚部长期泡在雨水中，尤其是地面的污染物随积水进入鞋内，将影响人的脚部健康。
传统的硅胶皮革作为鞋面材料，由于硅胶皮革的密封性较好，飘落的雨水或地面的积水很难透过硅胶皮革的进入鞋内，可有效防止雨水或积水进入鞋内，可有效防止脚部被雨水浸泡。但是在夏天或进行运动时，鞋内温度通常较高，密闭的硅胶皮革鞋面材料很难将鞋内的热量和气体散发出去，易导致脚部出汗，不仅穿着不舒服，而且将影响人的脚部健康。
因此，现有的鞋面材料很难兼具防水和透气两种功能，不仅影响穿着者的体验感，也不利于人的脚部健康，很难满足人们的使用需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能鞋面材料，同时改进现有鞋面材料的制备方法，防水瓣不仅可有效阻止鞋外的水分和污染物渗透到鞋内，还可将鞋内的热量和气体散发出去，防水效果好，透气性强，同时采用织布材料作为面层和基布层不仅可提高鞋子的舒适性，还可以有效阻拦杂物进入透气孔和防水瓣，使用效果好。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种高性能鞋面材料，包括从上到下依次粘合的面层、中间层和基布层；所述面层和基布层均为具有网格细孔的织布材料；所述中间层包括基材和多个喇叭状的防水瓣；所述基材设置有多个透气孔，面层和基布层的网格细孔的孔径均小于透气孔的孔径；所述防水瓣的开口从上到下逐渐增大且其下端与透气孔内壁固定连接；所述中间层按重量份数包括以下组分：乙烯基硅橡胶基胶80-160份、纳米二氧化硅7-13份、硅藻土4-17份、石蜡9-23份、乙烯基硅油18-25份、乙烯基MQ树脂9-27份、填充剂12-35份、硅烷偶联剂3-8份和铂金催化剂0.2-0.8份。
优选地，所述防水瓣的顶端开口高于基材的上表面。
优选地，所述基材和防水瓣为一体成型结构。
优选地，所述填充剂为云母粉或滑石粉中的一种或两种的混合。
优选地，所述硅烷偶联剂为丙基三甲基硅烷或三甲氧基硅烷。
优选地，所述中间层按重量份数还包括调色剂3-15份。
优选地，所述中间层按重量份数包括以下组分：乙烯基硅橡胶基胶135份、纳米二氧化硅8份、硅藻土13份、石蜡16份、乙烯基硅油22份、乙烯基MQ树脂17份、填充剂24份、硅烷偶联剂6份和铂金催化剂0.6份。
一种高性能鞋面材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将纳米二氧化硅7-13份、硅藻土4-17份和填充剂12-35份放入搅拌机中搅拌3-15min，混合均匀后得到固体混合料；
S2、将乙烯基硅橡胶基胶80-160份、粉状的石蜡9-23份、乙烯基硅油18-25份、乙烯基MQ树脂9-27份和硅烷偶联剂3-8份放入反应釜中搅拌5-18min，混合均匀后得到混合初浆；再将步骤S1中制得的固体混合料和铂金催化剂0.2-0.8份添加到混合初浆中搅拌8-30min，混合均匀后得到初级浆料；
S3、将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料浇筑到模具中，再将浇筑初级浆料后的模具传送至隧道炉，在85-95℃的温度下半硫化3-15min分钟，冷却至室温后得到中间层；
S4、采用步骤S2中制得的初级浆料作为粘合材料，将具有网格细孔的面层和基布层分别粘合在步骤S3中制得的中间层的上、下表面，经过二次硫化后最终得到高性能鞋面材料。
优选地，所述面层和基布层粘合在中间层的具体方法为：先将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料胶黏剂涂覆于基材的下表面，然后将涂覆初级浆料后的基材从上到下粘合于基布层上方；再将初级浆料涂覆于基材的上表面，然后将面层从上到下粘合于基材上方得到鞋面材料粗坯，最后将鞋面材料粗坯放于压机上压制5-25min后传送至隧道炉，在85-95℃的温度下二次硫化2-10min分钟，冷却至室温后得到高性能鞋面材料。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明与背景技术相比，具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明采用软质且具有弹性的硅胶皮革作为中间层，透气孔中的防水瓣可起到单向阀的作用，当鞋内温度和气压较低时，防水瓣的开口处于闭合状态，可有效阻止鞋外的水分和污染物渗透到鞋内；当鞋内温度和气压较高时，防水瓣的开口处于打开状态，鞋内的热量和气体将从防水瓣的开口散发出去，防水效果好，透气性强，同时采用织布材料作为面层和基布层不仅可提高鞋子的舒适性，还可以有效阻拦杂物进入透气孔和防水瓣，使用效果好，有利于人的脚部健康。
2、本发明的基材和防水瓣为一体成型结构，当鞋外有水分时，即使水分从面层渗透到中间层上表面，但由于防水瓣的顶端开口处于闭合状态且高于基材的上表面，防水瓣上方的透气孔被水填充满后，水分也将从透气孔上方溢出后从侧边流走，而不会压迫防水瓣打开顶端的开口，防渗透效果好。
3、本发明采用的硅藻土具有多孔结构，纳米二氧化硅、云母粉、滑石粉等固体粉末将吸附在硅藻土上，胶体材料固化成型后形成三维网状结构可有效将固体粉末包覆在其内；同时，纳米二氧化硅颗粒充分、均匀地分散在中间层中，不仅可提高硅胶皮革的强度、抗张性、抗撕裂性、耐磨性、抗老化化性能、耐候性和耐洗刷性，还可以提高硅胶皮革表面的光洁度、硬度和表面的自洁能力；此外，云母粉、滑石粉不仅可降低中间层的生产成本，还可以提高中间层的电绝缘性、张力强度、剪切强度、挠曲强度和粒度均匀分散性强等。
4、本发明在高性能鞋面材料的制备过程中，各原料的用量、添加顺序和搅拌方法可充分提高中间层各原料的搅拌均匀性，可促进各原料有机地连接成一个稳定的整体，提高硅胶皮革的整体性能；此外，面层、中间层和基布层的粘合方法不仅可将其三者牢固的粘结在一起，还可防止粘合过程中的初级浆料流进防水瓣的开口内，可有效减少防水瓣被堵塞，可提高中间层的防水透气性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的防水瓣顶端开口闭合时的局部放大图；
图3为本发明的防水瓣顶端开口打开时的局部放大图；
图4为本发明的防水瓣的立体结构示意图。
图中附图标记表示为：
1、面层；2、中间层；20、基材；200、透气孔；21、防水瓣；3、基布层。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
参见图1至图4所示，一种高性能鞋面材料的制备，包括以下具体步骤：
S1、将纳米二氧化硅8份、硅藻土13份、云母粉12份和滑石粉12份放入搅拌机中搅拌8min，混合均匀后得到固体混合料；
S2、将乙烯基硅橡胶基胶135份、粉状的石蜡16份、乙烯基硅油22份、乙烯基MQ树脂17份和丙基三甲基硅烷6份放入反应釜中搅拌12min，混合均匀后得到混合初浆；再将步骤S1中制得的固体混合料和铂金催化剂0.6份添加到混合初浆中搅拌15min，混合均匀后得到初级浆料；
S3、将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料浇筑到模具中，所述模具含有成型透气孔200和防水瓣21的结构，再将浇筑初级浆料后的模具传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下半硫化7min分钟，半硫化状态的硫化程度为60-70％，冷却至室温后得到中间层2；
S4、先将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料涂覆于基材20的下表面，然后将涂覆初级浆料后的基材20从上到下粘合于基布层3上方；再将初级浆料涂覆于基材20的上表面，然后将面层1从上到下粘合于基材20上方得到鞋面材料粗坯，最后将鞋面材料粗坯放于压机上压制10min后传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下二次硫化6min分钟，冷却至室温后得到透气孔200中设有防水瓣21的高性能鞋面材料。
实施例2
参见图1至图4所示，一种高性能鞋面材料的制备，包括以下具体步骤：
S1、将纳米二氧化硅8份、硅藻土13份、云母粉12份和滑石粉12份放入搅拌机中搅拌8min，混合均匀后得到固体混合料；
S2、将乙烯基硅橡胶基胶135份、粉状的石蜡21份、乙烯基硅油22份、乙烯基MQ树脂17份和丙基三甲基硅烷6份放入反应釜中搅拌12min，混合均匀后得到混合初浆；再将步骤S1中制得的固体混合料和铂金催化剂0.6份添加到混合初浆中搅拌15min，混合均匀后得到初级浆料；
S3、将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料浇筑到模具中，所述模具含有成型透气孔200和防水瓣21的结构，再将浇筑初级浆料后的模具传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下半硫化7min分钟，半硫化状态的硫化程度为60-70％，冷却至室温后得到中间层2；
S4、先将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料胶黏剂涂覆于基材20的下表面，然后将涂覆初级浆料后的基材20从上到下粘合于基布层3上方；再将初级浆料涂覆于基材20的上表面，然后将面层1从上到下粘合于基材20上方得到鞋面材料粗坯，最后将鞋面材料粗坯放于压机上压制10min传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下二次硫化6min分钟，冷却至室温后后得到透气孔200中设有防水瓣21的高性能鞋面材料。
实施例3
参见图1至图4所示，一种高性能鞋面材料的制备，包括以下具体步骤：
S1、将纳米二氧化硅8份、硅藻土13份、云母粉12份和滑石粉12份放入搅拌机中搅拌8min，混合均匀后得到固体混合料；
S2、将乙烯基硅橡胶基胶135份、粉状的石蜡11份、乙烯基硅油22份、乙烯基MQ树脂17份和丙基三甲基硅烷6份放入反应釜中搅拌12min，混合均匀后得到混合初浆；再将步骤S1中制得的固体混合料和铂金催化剂0.6份添加到混合初浆中搅拌15min，混合均匀后得到初级浆料；
S3、将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料浇筑到模具中，所述模具含有成型透气孔200和防水瓣21的结构，再将浇筑初级浆料后的模具传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下半硫化7min分钟，半硫化状态的硫化程度为60-70％，冷却至室温后得到中间层2；
S4、先将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料涂覆于基材20的下表面，然后将涂覆初级浆料后的基材20从上到下粘合于基布层3上方；再将初级浆料涂覆于基材20的上表面，然后将面层1从上到下粘合于基材20上方得到鞋面材料粗坯，最后将鞋面材料粗坯放于压机上压制10min后传送至隧道炉，在90℃的温度下二次硫化6min分钟，冷却至室温后得到透气孔200中设有防水瓣21的高性能鞋面材料。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述模具含有成型透气孔200结构，而不具有成型防水瓣21的结构，即制得的鞋面材料的透气孔200中未设有防水瓣21。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述中间层2的制备原料中未添加有粉状的石蜡。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于：所述中间层2的制备原料中添加有粉状的石蜡62份。
雨淋测试：
将实施例1-3和对比例1-3制得的鞋面材料，分别根据《AATCC35-2000拒水性：雨淋测试》、《GB/T10654-2001》和《GB/T10808-2006》进行鞋面材料的防水性、拉伸强度和撕裂强度测试，各项测试的测试结果如表1所示。
表1为鞋面材料的雨淋测试结果
| 样品 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 |
| 吸水纸增重值/g | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 8.7 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
| 拉伸强度/MPa | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
| 撕裂强度/MPa | 18.7 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 11.9 | 12.7 | 12.4 |
由表1可知，本发明实施例1-3制得的鞋面材料的防水性、拉伸强度和撕裂强度均优于对比例1-3制得的鞋面材料。通过实施例1-3和对比例1可知，防水瓣21可明显提高鞋面材料的防水性能，可有效阻止鞋外的水分和污染物渗透到鞋内，可起到保护脚部的作用；同时，防水瓣21可提高鞋面材料在透气孔200处的拉伸强度和撕裂强度。通过实施例1-3和对比例2可知，粉状的石蜡可有效提高鞋面材料的柔软性，可提高防水瓣21的弹性，以使自然状态时防水瓣21顶端的开口处于闭合状态，进而有效阻碍雨水渗透进入鞋内。通过实施例1-3和对比例3可知，当粉状的石蜡添加过多时，由于防水瓣21材质过于柔软，在透气孔200内积水的压力下，防水瓣21会逐渐下陷，导致有部分水分可从防水瓣21顶端开口渗入到鞋内。
综上所述，本发明制得的高性能鞋面材料，不仅可有效阻止鞋外的水分和污染物渗透到鞋内，还可将鞋内的热量和气体散发出去，防水效果好，透气性强，同时采用织布材料作为面层1和基布层3不仅可提高鞋子的舒适性，还可以有效阻拦杂物进入透气孔200和防水瓣21，使用效果好。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (9)
1.一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：包括从上到下依次粘合的面层、中间层和基布层；所述面层和基布层均为具有网格细孔的织布材料；所述中间层包括基材和多个喇叭状的防水瓣；所述基材设置有多个透气孔，面层和基布层的网格细孔的孔径均小于透气孔的孔径；所述防水瓣的开口从上到下逐渐增大且其下端与透气孔内壁固定连接；所述中间层按重量份数包括以下组分：乙烯基硅橡胶基胶80-160份、纳米二氧化硅7-13份、硅藻土4-17份、石蜡9-23份、乙烯基硅油18-25份、乙烯基MQ树脂9-27份、填充剂12-35份、硅烷偶联剂3-8份和铂金催化剂0.2-0.8份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述防水瓣的顶端开口高于基材的上表面。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述基材和防水瓣为一体成型结构。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述填充剂为云母粉或滑石粉中的一种或两种的混合。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述硅烷偶联剂为丙基三甲基硅烷或三甲氧基硅烷。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述中间层按重量份数还包括调色剂3-15份。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种高性能鞋面材料，其特征在于：所述中间层按重量份数包括以下组分：乙烯基硅橡胶基胶135份、纳米二氧化硅8份、硅藻土13份、石蜡16份、乙烯基硅油22份、乙烯基MQ树脂17份、填充剂24份、硅烷偶联剂6份和铂金催化剂0.6份。
8.一种如权利要求1～7任一项所述的高性能鞋面材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、将纳米二氧化硅7-13份、硅藻土4-17份和填充剂12-35份放入搅拌机中搅拌3-15min，混合均匀后得到固体混合料；
S2、将乙烯基硅橡胶基胶80-160份、粉状的石蜡9-23份、乙烯基MQ树脂9-27份和硅烷偶联剂3-8份放入反应釜中搅拌5-18min，混合均匀后得到混合初浆；再将步骤S1中制得的固体混合料和铂金催化剂0.2-0.8份添加到混合初浆中搅拌8-30min，混合均匀后得到初级浆料；
S3、将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料浇筑到模具中，再将浇筑初级浆料后的模具传送至隧道炉，在85-95℃的温度下半硫化3-15min分钟，冷却至室温后得到中间层；
S4、采用步骤S2中制得的初级浆料作为粘合材料，将具有网格细孔的面层和基布层分别粘合在步骤S3中制得的中间层的上、下表面，经过二次硫化后最终得到高性能鞋面材料。
9.如权利要求8所述的高性能鞋面材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述面层和基布层粘合在中间层的具体方法为：先将步骤S2中制得的初级浆料涂覆于基材的下表面，然后将涂覆初级浆料后的基材从上到下粘合于基布层上方；再将初级浆料涂覆于基材的上表面，然后将面层从上到下粘合于基材上方得到鞋面材料粗坯，最后将鞋面材料粗坯放于压机上压制5-25min后传送至隧道炉，在85-95℃的温度下二次硫化2-10min分钟，冷却至室温后得到高性能鞋面材料。
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| CN207613267U (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-07-17 | 惠州市忠盛鞋业有限公司 | 一种具有换气功能的连帮注塑保健鞋 |
| CN207678948U (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-03 | 泉州寰球鞋服有限公司 | 城市透气防水防虹吸鞋面 |
| CN108867096A (zh) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-23 | 广东天跃新材料股份有限公司 | 透气防污防水的高性能鞋面用硅橡胶合成革及其制造技术 |
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