CN110926930B - Torsion-tension relation measuring device and method for aircraft stud structure - Google Patents
Torsion-tension relation measuring device and method for aircraft stud structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110926930B CN110926930B CN201911356281.3A CN201911356281A CN110926930B CN 110926930 B CN110926930 B CN 110926930B CN 201911356281 A CN201911356281 A CN 201911356281A CN 110926930 B CN110926930 B CN 110926930B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a torsion relation measuring device and a torsion relation measuring method for an airplane stud structure, wherein the torsion relation measuring device comprises the following steps: the double-end stud connecting structure and the torsion-tension relation measuring module; in the double-end stud connecting structure, a loading end nut is fixed at one end of a double-end stud, a fixing end nut is fixed at the other end of the double-end stud, and two bushings are respectively embedded at two ends of the double-end stud; in the torsional-tensile relation measurement module, one end of a rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a nut sleeve, a port of the nut sleeve is clamped on a loading end nut of a stud connecting structure, an input torque sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft, a stud penetrates through a combined locking chuck and a force-bearing baffle plate, the fixed end nut is fixed through the combined locking chuck, and the force-bearing baffle plate and the combined locking chuck are respectively connected with a torque and tension sensor. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem of measuring the torsion-pull relationship of the stud structure, and can effectively measure the torsion-pull relationship of the stud structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of torque and tension measurement of stud connection structures, in particular to a torsion-tension relation measuring device and method of an aircraft stud structure.
Background
The correct installation of the fastener guarantees that the preset fastening axial force is achieved, and the fastener plays a very important role in the performance and the structural safety of the host. Even a good fastener, if improperly installed, can also fail and cause the system to fail, or even threaten safety. The most central technology for controlling the fastening shaft force is the torsion-tension relationship. The invention relates to a double-end stud with threads at two ends, which aims at the torsion-pull relation test of an atypical fastener with nuts arranged at two ends of the double-end stud and designs a measuring device
At present, a measuring device and a measuring method for the twist-pull relationship of a thread structure have been proposed. However, the existing measuring device and measuring method are only designed for improving a shorter bolt or thread structure, and the torsion-tension relationship between a bolt nut and a sandwich structure is mainly measured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a device and a method for measuring a twisting relationship of an aircraft stud structure, so as to solve the problem of measuring the twisting relationship of the stud structure, and effectively measure the twisting relationship of the stud structure.
The embodiment of the invention provides a torsion relation measuring device of an airplane stud structure, which comprises: the double-end stud connecting structure and the torsion-tension relation measuring module are arranged on the base;
the double-end stud connecting structure comprises a double-end stud, a loading end nut screwed in and fixed at one end thread of the double-end stud, a fixed end nut screwed in and fixed at the other end thread of the double-end stud, and two bushings embedded at two ends of the double-end stud and respectively tightly attached to the nuts at the two ends;
the torsion-tension relation measuring module comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a nut sleeve, a force bearing baffle plate, a combined stopping chuck, an input torque sensor and a torque and tension sensor, wherein the combined stopping chuck and the force bearing baffle plate are provided with through holes for the double-end studs to pass through; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the nut sleeve, a port of the nut sleeve is clamped on a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure, and the input torque sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft;
the double-end stud penetrates through the combined stop chuck and the force bearing baffle, the combined stop chuck comprises a first stop chuck nested on the fixed end nut and a second stop chuck nested on the double-end stud, the end bushing and the first stop chuck, so that the fixed end nut is fixed through the combined stop chuck, the force bearing baffle is in contact with one side, close to the fixed end nut, of the loading end nut, and the force bearing baffle and the combined stop chuck are respectively connected with the torque and tension sensor.
Optionally, the torsion relation measuring apparatus for an aircraft stud bolt connection structure as described above further includes: the gasket is arranged between the bushing at the other end and the loading end nut, and the gasket is arranged between the bushing at one end and the fixed end nut.
Optionally, in the apparatus for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud bolt connection structure as described above, the torsional relationship measuring module is configured to drive the rotating shaft, the nut sleeve and the loading end nut to rotate by rotation of the motor, so as to apply an input torque to the stud bolt connection structure.
Alternatively, in the torsion relationship measuring apparatus for an aircraft stud bolt connection structure as described above,
the input torque sensor is configured to measure an input torque applied by the torsion relationship measurement module to the stud connection structure.
Alternatively, in the torsion relation measuring apparatus of the aircraft stud bolt connection structure as described above,
the torque and tension sensor is configured to measure a stud tension transmitted to the fixed end nut through the combined locking chuck and measure an output torque transmitted through the force bearing baffle by the tension of the input torque to the stud connection structure.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a torsion relation measuring method of the aircraft stud connecting structure, which adopts the torsion relation measuring device of the aircraft stud connecting structure to measure the torsion relation, and the torsion relation measuring method comprises the following steps:
applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of a motor until the stud is broken;
measuring an input torque with an input torque sensor during application of the input torque;
based on the tension of the input torque to the stud bolt connecting structure, measuring the stud bolt tension transmitted to the fixed end nut through the combined stopping chuck by using a torque and tension sensor;
and drawing a torsion-pull relation curve graph of the stud connecting structure according to the input torque and the stud pulling force.
Optionally, in the method for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud connection structure as described above, the applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connection structure from zero until the stud breaks includes:
continuously applying input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero until the stud is broken; or,
and continuously applying the input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero, and restarting continuously applying the input torque from the input torque value at the previous stop after every 10% of the stud is allowed to break the tension stop until the stud is broken.
Optionally, in the method for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud bolt connection structure, the method further includes:
applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of a motor until the input torque reaches the allowable breaking tension of the stud;
and taking down the loading end nut, screwing the loading end nut into the stud again, and applying an input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of the motor again until the input torque reaches the allowable breaking tension of the stud.
Optionally, in the method for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud bolt connection structure, the method further includes:
based on the tension of the input torque to the stud bolt connecting structure, measuring output torque transmitted through a bearing baffle by using a torque and tension sensor;
and calculating a torque coefficient of the stud connecting structure and an end surface friction coefficient of one end of the loading end nut close to the fixed end nut according to the input torque, the output torque, the stud pulling force and structural parameters of the stud and the nut.
The embodiment of the invention provides a torsion-tension relation measuring device and a torsion-tension relation measuring method for an aircraft stud structure, which comprises the following steps: the double-end stud connecting structure and the torsion-tension relation measuring module are arranged on the base; in the double-end stud connecting structure, a loading end nut is fixed at one end of a double-end stud, a fixing end nut is fixed at the other end of the double-end stud, and two bushings are respectively embedded at two ends of the double-end stud; in the torsional-tensile relation measurement module, one end of a rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a nut sleeve, a port of the nut sleeve is clamped on a loading end nut of a stud connecting structure, an input torque sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft, a stud penetrates through a combined stopping chuck and a force bearing baffle plate, a fixed end nut is fixed through the combined stopping chuck, and the force bearing baffle plate and the combined stopping chuck are respectively connected with a torque and tension sensor. The torsion-pull relation measuring device is designed aiming at the special fastener structure of the double-end stud, is used for simulating the actual double-end stud installation and is provided with the double-end stud, the lining and the washer, and can solve the problem of torsion-pull relation measurement of the double-end stud structure; in addition, the torsion-pull relation measuring device is simple in structure and convenient to install, the principle of measuring the torsion-pull relation is clear, and the torsion-pull relation of the stud structure in actual installation can be effectively and accurately measured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsion-tension relationship measuring device of an aircraft stud structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for measuring a torsional-tensile relationship of an aircraft stud structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a torsional-tensile relationship obtained by a conventional loading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a torsional-tensile relationship obtained by applying an intermittent loading method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the torsion-pull relationship obtained by the loading method of the present invention with two screwing operations.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention provides that several embodiments may be combined, and that the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in connection with certain embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a torsion-pull relationship measuring device of an aircraft stud structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The torsion relationship measuring device for the aircraft stud 11 structure provided by the embodiment may include: the double-end stud 11 is connected with a structure and a torsion-tension relation measuring module;
the double-end stud 11 connecting structure comprises a double-end stud 11, a loading end nut 4 screwed in and fixed at one end thread of the double-end stud 11, a fixed end nut 8 screwed in and fixed at the other end thread of the double-end stud 11, and two bushings 7 embedded at two ends of the double-end stud 11 and respectively tightly attached to the nuts at the two ends;
the torsion-tension relation measuring module comprises a motor 1, a rotating shaft 2, a nut sleeve 3, a force bearing baffle plate 9, a combined stopping chuck 5, an input torque sensor 6 and a torque and tension sensor 10, wherein the combined stopping chuck 5 and the force bearing baffle plate 9 are provided with through holes for the double-end studs 11 to pass through; one end of the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the motor 1, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the nut sleeve 3, a port of the nut sleeve 3 is clamped on a loading end nut 4 of the stud 11 connecting structure, and the input torque sensor 6 is arranged on the rotating shaft 2;
the stud 11 penetrates through the combined stop chuck 5 and the force bearing baffle 9, the combined stop chuck 5 comprises a first stop chuck nested on the fixed end nut 8 and a second stop chuck nested on the stud 11, one end bushing and the first stop chuck, so that the fixed end nut 8 is fixed through the combined stop chuck 5, the force bearing baffle 9 is in contact with one side, close to the fixed end nut 8, of the loading end nut 4, and the force bearing baffle 9 and the combined stop chuck 5 are respectively connected with the torque and tension sensor 10.
Optionally, the torsion-tension relationship measuring apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include: a washer arranged between the bush at the other end and the loading end nut 4, and a washer arranged between the bush at one end and the fixed end nut 8.
In the embodiment of the invention, the torsion-tension relation measuring module has the following functions: the rotation of the motor 1 drives the rotating shaft 2, the nut sleeve 3 and the loading end nut 4 to rotate, and input torque is applied to the connecting structure of the stud 11.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the input torque sensor 6 may function as: the measurement of the torsional relationship measures the input torque applied by the module to the stud 11 connection.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the torque and tension sensor 9 may function as: the stud tension transmitted to the fixed end nut 8 through the combined stopping chuck 5 is measured through the tension of the stud 11 connecting structure by the input torque, and the output torque transmitted through the bearing baffle 9 is measured.
The torsion-pull relation measuring device for the aircraft stud 11 structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is designed for the special fastener structure of the stud 11, and the torsion-pull relation measuring device is provided with a stud, a bushing and a washer for simulating the actual installation of the stud 11; in the torsion-tension relation testing device, in order to simulate actual installation, gaskets and bushings are installed on two sides of a tested structure, and a sleeve-like structure in the middle simulates an actual interlayer; a combined locking chuck is designed on one side of the torque and tension sensor to ensure that the gasket and the fixed end nut are effectively clamped; and a nut sleeve connected with a motor is adopted at one torque loading side to drive a nut at the loading end at one side to apply torque. In practical application, the torque is loaded from zero, the torque and the axial force in the stud 11 are measured, a torsion-pull relation curve is drawn, and finally the measurement of the torsion-pull relation of the stud 11 is completed.
Based on the torsion-tension relationship measuring device of the aircraft stud structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention also provides a torsion-tension relationship measuring method of the aircraft stud structure, the torsion-tension relationship measuring method adopts the torsion-tension relationship measuring device of the aircraft stud structure provided by any embodiment of the invention to measure the torsion-tension relationship, as shown in fig. 2, the torsion-tension relationship measuring method of the aircraft stud structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is a flow chart, and the torsion-tension relationship measuring method comprises the following steps:
and 4, drawing a torsion-pull relation curve graph of the stud connecting structure according to the input torque and the stud pulling force.
Optionally, in step 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, the implementation manner of applying the input torque to the loading end nut of the stud bolt connection structure from zero to the stud bolt snapping may include the following conditions:
first, the conventional loading mode: continuously applying input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero until the stud is broken; in the method, the loading end nut continuously loads torque from zero until the stud breaks, the input torque is measured through multipoint recording, correspondingly, the torque and the pulling force of the stud transmitted to the fixed end nut are measured, and finally a torsion-pulling relation curve is drawn.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a torsion-tension relationship curve obtained by a conventional loading method in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen from a conventional loading torsion-tension relationship curve 12 illustrated in fig. 3 that, in an initial stage, a structural clearance is eliminated, an axial force does not occur in the stud, and the axial force in the stud is continuously increased along with an increase in the loading torque.
Second, the interrupt loading mode: continuously applying input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero, and restarting continuously applying the input torque from an input torque value in the previous stop after the stud is allowed to break the tension and stop every 10% until the stud is broken; in the method, the torque of the nut at the loading end is loaded, the stud is allowed to break the pulling force and pause every 10 percent until the stud is broken, and the loaded torque and the pulling force of the stud transmitted to the nut at the fixing end are respectively recorded; and finally drawing a torque tension curve.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a torsion-tension relationship curve obtained by using an intermittent loading manner in the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that, compared with a conventional intermittent loading manner, the intermittent loading manner needs to overcome the static friction force of re-tightening, the intermittent loading manner is illustrated as a torsion-tension relationship curve 13 in fig. 4. The second loading mode can measure the effect of intermittent tightening on the twist-pull relationship.
Optionally, the torsion-tension relationship measuring method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include the following loading manner:
and the third is that: two-time screwing loading mode: applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the double-end stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of a motor until the input torque reaches the allowable breaking tension of the double-end stud;
and taking down the loading end nut, screwing the loading end nut into the stud again, and applying input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of the motor again until the input torque reaches allowable breaking tension of the stud.
In this manner, the loading end nut end continuously loads torque from zero until the stud allowable strength value is reached. And after the loading end nut is withdrawn, the loading end nut is continuously loaded with torque from zero to the allowable stud strength value. The values of the shaft force and the torque force are recorded twice. As shown in fig. 5, which is a graph of the torsion-tension relationship obtained by using the two-time screwing-in loading manner in the embodiment of the present invention, the two-time screwing-in loading illustrated in fig. 5 includes a first-time loading torsion-tension relationship curve 14 and a second-time loading torsion-tension relationship curve 15. Since the first screwing in causes wear of the thread crests, plating, etc., the torque that generates the same stud shaft force becomes small.
Optionally, the torsion-tension relationship measuring method provided in the embodiment of the present invention may further include the following steps:
based on the tension of the input torque to the stud bolt connecting structure, measuring the output torque transmitted through the bearing baffle by using a torque and tension sensor;
and calculating a torque coefficient of the stud connecting structure and an end surface friction coefficient of one end of the loading end nut close to the fixed end nut according to the input torque, the output torque, the stud pulling force and structural parameters of the stud and the nut.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the three loading manners, the loaded input torque and the tension of the stud are recorded, and the plotted relationship curve is a curve of variation of the tension along with the input torque; the recorded data can be used for calculating a torque coefficient, a thread friction coefficient and an end face friction coefficient, and the data can be used for guiding the anti-clamping stagnation design of the stud connecting structure.
The torsion-pull relation measuring device for the aircraft stud structure provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, has a clear principle of measuring the torsion-pull relation, and can effectively and accurately measure the torsion-pull relation of various stud connecting structures.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A torsion-pull relation measuring device of an aircraft stud connecting structure is characterized by comprising: the double-end stud connecting structure and the torsion-tension relation measuring module;
the double-end stud connecting structure comprises a double-end stud, a loading end nut screwed in and fixed at one end thread of the double-end stud, a fixed end nut screwed in and fixed at the other end thread of the double-end stud, and two bushings which are embedded at two ends of the double-end stud and are respectively tightly attached to the nuts at the two ends;
the torsion-tension relation measuring module comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a nut sleeve, a force bearing baffle, a combined stopping chuck, an input torque sensor and a torque and tension sensor, wherein the combined stopping chuck and the force bearing baffle are provided with through holes for the double-end studs to pass through; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the nut sleeve, a port of the nut sleeve is clamped on a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure, and the input torque sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft;
the stud penetrates through the combined stopping chuck and the force bearing baffle, the combined stopping chuck comprises a first stopping chuck nested on the fixed end nut and a second stopping chuck nested on the stud, one end bushing and the first stopping chuck, so that the fixed end nut is fixed through the combined stopping chuck, the force bearing baffle is in contact with one side, close to the fixed end nut, of the loading end nut, and the force bearing baffle and the combined stopping chuck are respectively connected with the torque and tension sensor;
the torsion-tensile relationship measuring apparatus further includes: the gasket is arranged between the bushing at the other end and the loading end nut, and the gasket is arranged between the bushing at one end and the fixed end nut; the combined stopping chuck is integrally arranged on one side of the torque and tension sensor, and the washer and the fixed end nut are effectively clamped through a fixed mounting structure of the combined stopping chuck on the double-end nut;
the input torque sensor is used for measuring the input torque applied to the stud connecting structure by the torsion-pull relation measuring module;
the torque and tension sensor is used for measuring the tension of the stud bolt transmitted to the fixed end nut through the combined stopping chuck for the tension of the stud bolt connecting structure through the input torque, and measuring the output torque transmitted through the bearing baffle;
wherein the input torque and the stud bolt pulling force are used for drawing a torsion-pulling relation curve chart of the stud bolt connecting structure; the input torque, the output torque and the stud pull force, as well as the structural parameters of the stud and the nut, are used for calculating the torque coefficient of the stud connecting structure and the end surface friction coefficient of one end of the loading end nut close to the fixed end nut.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the torsional relationship measurement module is configured to apply an input torque to the stud connection by rotation of the motor to rotate the shaft, the nut sleeve and the loading end nut.
3. A torsion-pull relationship measuring method of an aircraft stud connection structure, characterized in that torsion-pull relationship measurement is performed using the torsion-pull relationship measuring apparatus of an aircraft stud connection structure according to claim 1 or 2, the torsion-pull relationship measuring method comprising:
applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of a motor until the stud is broken;
measuring an input torque with an input torque sensor during application of the input torque;
based on the tension of the input torque to the stud bolt connecting structure, measuring the stud bolt tension transmitted to the fixed end nut through the combined stopping chuck by adopting a torque and tension sensor;
and drawing a torsion-pull relation curve graph of the stud connecting structure according to the input torque and the stud pulling force.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the applying an input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connection from zero until the stud breaks comprises:
continuously applying input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero until the stud is broken; or,
and continuously applying the input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero, and restarting continuously applying the input torque from the input torque value at the previous stop after every 10% of the stud is allowed to break the tension stop until the stud is broken.
5. The apparatus for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud connection structure according to claim 3, further comprising:
applying an input torque to a loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of a motor until the input torque reaches the allowable breaking tension of the stud;
and taking down the loading end nut, screwing the loading end nut into the stud again, and applying an input torque to the loading end nut of the stud connecting structure from zero through the rotation of the motor again until the input torque reaches the allowable breaking tension of the stud.
6. The apparatus for measuring a torsional relationship of an aircraft stud connection structure according to claim 3, further comprising:
measuring the output torque transmitted through the force bearing baffle by adopting a torque and tension sensor based on the tension of the input torque to the stud connecting structure;
and calculating a torque coefficient of the stud connecting structure and an end surface friction coefficient of one end of the loading end nut close to the fixed end nut according to the input torque, the output torque, the stud pulling force and the structural parameters of the stud and the nut.
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| FR2938060B1 (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-12-24 | Ct Tech Des Ind Mecaniques | DEVICE FOR MEASURING CONSTRAINTS OF A VIS / NUT SYSTEM |
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| CN204165843U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-18 | 上海百若试验仪器有限公司 | The charger of the fastening analytic system of Multifunctional bolt |
| CN106706281A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-24 | 温州冶金机械测试研究所 | Detecting instrument used for detecting reasonable assembly torque of fastener and testing method |
| CN106644237B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2024-02-06 | 上海百若试验仪器有限公司 | Integrated pressure-torsion compound sensor measuring device of multifunctional bolt fastening analysis system |
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| CN2142567Y (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1993-09-22 | 上海标准件三厂 | Working characteristic measuring apparatus for lock nut |
| CN202210007U (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-05-02 | 长江大学 | Experiment device for measuring thread pretightening torque coefficients |
| CN205692442U (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-11-16 | 北京交通大学 | Prestressed, reinforced analog loading test device |
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