CN110926287A - Cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method - Google Patents
Cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110926287A CN110926287A CN201911330592.2A CN201911330592A CN110926287A CN 110926287 A CN110926287 A CN 110926287A CN 201911330592 A CN201911330592 A CN 201911330592A CN 110926287 A CN110926287 A CN 110926287A
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- blasting
- rock
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- excavation
- blast hole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting blasting excavation, in particular to a cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method, which comprises the following steps: s1, checking the cutting slope excavation range and workload; s2, marking the position of the blast hole, and drilling the blast hole; s3, filling explosive materials into the blast hole, arranging a lead wire, and connecting the lead wire with a trigger; s4, arranging the trigger outside the safety distance, and detonating after safety is confirmed; s5, checking the blasting effect; in step S2, segmenting the rock from outside to inside on the section to be excavated, sequentially including a first section to an nth section, each section of rock being drilled with blast holes; in step S3, in setting the blasting cap, the time of explosion of the blasting substance in the blast hole from the first stage to the nth stage is set with a delay. When carrying out actual blasting, the rock stratum is the successive layer and explodes the excavation, the resistance of the rock blasting of the inner segment that can greatly reduced to promote the broken degree of blasting back rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting blasting excavation, in particular to a cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method.
Background
The cutting earth and rock blasting is to blast earth and rock by using blasting materials such as explosive, detonator and the like in the road engineering construction process so as to achieve the aim of excavation.
In the blasting excavation method in the prior art, in the blasting implementation stage, blast holes are firstly formed in a section to be excavated, then, explosive is filled in the blast holes, then, an exploder is used for detonating the explosive, a detonator and the like, and rocks are destroyed by the blasting method, so that the aim of excavation is fulfilled.
The defects of the prior art are that because the explosives and the detonators in the blast holes are detonated simultaneously, the blasting effect close to the inner side of the rock stratum is not good, the stone is large, and even part of the stone is adhered to the rock stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cutting earth excavation blasting method, which achieves the effect of improving the breaking degree of blasted rocks.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method comprises the following steps:
s1, checking the cutting slope excavation range and workload;
s2, marking the position of the blast hole, and drilling the blast hole;
s3, filling explosive materials into the blast hole, arranging a lead wire, and connecting the lead wire with a trigger;
s4, arranging the trigger outside the safety distance, and detonating after safety is confirmed;
s5, checking the blasting effect;
in step S2, segmenting the rock from outside to inside on the section to be excavated, sequentially including a first section to an nth section, each section of rock being drilled with blast holes; in step S3, in setting the blasting cap, the blasting time of the blasting substance in the blast hole from the first section to the nth section is set with a delay, and the blasting delay between each section from the first section to the nth section is 0.2S.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the district to need the excavation is segmented to delay blasting all to every section, when carrying out actual blasting, the rock stratum is the successive layer and explodes the excavation, the resistance of the rock blasting that can the greatly reduced inner segment, thereby the broken degree of rock after the promotion blasting.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S2, when the segmentation work is performed on the rocks, the inner rock segment pitch gradually decreases.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the stratum outside that is close to inboard stage still has a large amount of rubbles, the resistance that the blasting received still can be bigger, reduces the interval to inboard rock section, can promote the broken degree of blasting thing in the big gun hole to this section rock to guarantee the effect of inboard rock blasting.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: in step S3, a carrier is provided in the hole, a plurality of charge holes are opened in the peripheral surface of the carrier, and a perforating charge is provided in the charge hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the bullet hole of bullet frame to fix a position the perforating bullet, after the perforating bullet triggers, the firing position and the direction of perforating bullet will be more accurate, utilize the percussion action of perforating bullet, can carry out punctiform impact to massive rock to promote the broken effect of rock.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the perforating bullet is clamped and limited with the bullet hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can promote the stability that the perforating bullet set up in the bullet hole, be convenient for place the bullet frame in the big gun hole, avoid the perforating bullet to produce the offset at the in-process that the bullet frame was placed.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and emulsion explosive is filled outside the bullet rack in the blast hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can promote the blasting power in the big gun hole.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and a protective net is paved on the outer side surface of the section to be excavated, and the upper end of the protective net is fixedly arranged above the rock stratum.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the protection network can block the rubble that produces after the blasting, reduce the possibility that the rubble splashes, promote the security of blasting.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: a plurality of hooks are connected and arranged on the protective net, and the hooks are evenly arranged on the inner side of the protective net at intervals.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the rubble production at a certain position splashes, the rubble can strike the protection network, and the knuckle of protection network can grasp the rock of other positions this moment to promote the laminating degree of protection network and rock, also can reduce the possibility of the big landing in batches of rubble after the blasting.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the upper end of the protective net and each section of rock of the subsection are fixedly arranged.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, along with section-by-section blasting of rock, the protection network can both be fixed with each section rock, at the in-process of layer-by-layer blasting, reduces the whole possibility that glides of the rubble of the section of blasting.
In summary, the present invention has the following technical effects:
1. each section of rock is segmented, and delayed blasting is carried out on each section of rock, so that the purpose of segmented blasting is achieved, and the crushing effect of the blasted rock is improved;
2. the shot frame is arranged in the blast hole, and the perforating bullets are arranged on the shot frame, so that the aim of improving the rock crushing effect is fulfilled;
3. by arranging the protective net on the outer side of the rock stratum, the possibility of broken stone splashing can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the steps of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a magazine;
fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the shape of the bullet hole.
In the figure, 1, a bullet rack; 11. a spring hole; 12. and (4) perforating charges.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment describes a cutting earth excavation blasting method, which includes the following steps.
And S1, calculating the cutting slope excavation range and workload.
And S2, calculating the position of the blast hole, scribing and drilling the blast hole.
In the process of setting blast holes, firstly, sealing ends of rocks from outside to inside in a section needing to be excavated, wherein the sections are a first section to an Nth section in sequence, generally, the sections are divided into five to six sections, and the blast holes are drilled in each section of the rocks.
In segmenting the rock, the outer rock segments are generally wider and the adjacent inner rock segments are narrower. Because inboard rock segment is at the in-process of blasting, the outside of inboard rock segment still has a large amount of rocks or rubble, and the resistance of blasting is great, so reduce the interval of inboard rock segment to promote the blasting and to the produced crushing effect of inboard rock blasting.
The slope of cutting is slope face generally, therefore when setting up the big gun hole, sets up the most inboard big gun hole and parallels with planning domatic, like this after the blasting thing blasting in the most inboard big gun hole, the blasting inclined plane that produces is also similar with the slope of the slope face of design, reduces follow-up degree of difficulty and the work load of handling the slope.
In addition, the positions of blast holes formed in adjacent rock sections are preferably staggered, so that in the blasting process, the positions of the blast holes in different sections impacting the rocks are different, and the rock crushing effect can be effectively improved.
And S3, filling explosive materials into the blast hole, arranging a lead wire, and connecting the lead wire with a trigger.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the explosive in the blast hole includes a perforating charge 12 and an emulsion explosive, in order to fix the perforating charge 12, a charge carrier 1 is inserted into the blast hole, a plurality of charge holes 11 are formed on the circumferential surface of the charge carrier 1, the perforating charge 12 is clamped in the charge holes 11, and the charge holes 11 are generally cone-shaped to adapt to the shape of the perforating charge 12. The perforating charges 12 are positioned by using the charge holes 11 of the charge carrier 1, after the perforating charges 12 are triggered, the launching positions and the directions of the perforating charges 12 are accurate, and the blocky rocks can be impacted in a punctiform manner by using the impact action of the perforating charges 12, so that the rock breaking effect is improved.
The perforating charges 12 on the same charge carrier 1 are connected through a detonating cord, the detonating cord is detonated by a detonator, when the detonator is arranged in each blast hole, the detonation time of the explosive in the blast holes from the first section to the Nth section is delayed, and the detonation delay between each section from the first section to the Nth section is 0.2S. The detonator adopts an electric detonator, the specific delay adopts a delay type detonator, a lead is arranged after the detonator is arranged, and finally the lead is connected with a trigger. Delay blasting is carried out on each section, and when actual blasting is carried out, the rock layer is blasted and excavated layer by layer, so that the resistance of rock blasting of the inner section can be greatly reduced, and the breaking degree of the blasted rock is improved.
The emulsion explosive is wrapped on the outer side of the bomb frame 1, the detonator is also used for detonating, and the power of blasting can be improved by using the emulsion explosive, so that the blasting effect is improved.
And S4, setting the trigger out of the safety distance, and detonating after safety is confirmed.
And S5, checking the blasting effect.
The steps all meet the requirements in building material mine engineering construction and acceptance specification GB50842-2013, and construction is carried out strictly according to the specification.
Example two
In order to further improve the safety of blasting and reduce the degrees of broken stone splashing and landslide in the blasting process, a protective net can be laid on the outer side surface of a section needing to be excavated, and the upper end of the protective net is fixedly arranged above a rock stratum. The protective net can be used for blocking broken stones generated after blasting, the possibility of splashing of the broken stones is reduced, and the safety of blasting is improved.
The upper end of the protective net is preferably fixedly arranged with each section of segmented rock, the protective net can be fixed with each section of rock along with the section-by-section blasting of the rock, and the possibility that the whole broken stone of the blasted section slides down is reduced in the process of layer-by-layer blasting.
And a plurality of hooks can be connected and arranged on the protective net, the hooks are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the protective net at intervals, and the hooks can be connected on the protective net by using ropes and the like. In this way, when the crushed stone at a certain position splashes, the crushed stone can impact the protective net, and at the moment, the claw of the protective net can grasp the rocks at other positions, so that the bonding degree of the protective net and the rocks is improved, and the possibility that the blasted crushed stone slips down in large batch can be reduced.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method comprises the following steps:
s1, checking the cutting slope excavation range and workload;
s2, marking the position of the blast hole, and drilling the blast hole;
s3, filling explosive materials into the blast hole, arranging a lead wire, and connecting the lead wire with a trigger;
s4, arranging the trigger outside the safety distance, and detonating after safety is confirmed;
s5, checking the blasting effect;
the method is characterized in that: in step S2, segmenting the rock from outside to inside on the section to be excavated, sequentially including a first section to an nth section, each section of rock being drilled with blast holes; in step S3, in setting the blasting cap, the blasting time of the blasting substance in the blast hole from the first section to the nth section is set with a delay, and the blasting delay between each section from the first section to the nth section is 0.2S.
2. The method of blasting cutting earth excavation according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the inner rock segment pitch is gradually decreased when the rock is segmented.
3. The cutting earth excavation blasting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, a carrier (1) is provided in the blast hole, a plurality of charge holes (11) are provided in a circumferential surface of the carrier (1), and the charge holes (11) are provided with perforating charges (12).
4. The cutting earth excavation blasting method according to claim 3, wherein the perforating charge (12) is clamped and limited to the charge hole (11).
5. A cutting earth excavation blasting method according to claim 3, characterized in that the outside of the cartridge frame (1) is filled with emulsion explosive in the blast hole.
6. The cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein a protective screen is laid on an outer side surface of a section to be excavated, and an upper end of the protective screen is fixedly arranged above a rock stratum.
7. The cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of hooks are connected to the protective net and are evenly spaced inside the protective net.
8. The cutting earth excavation blasting method of claim 6, wherein the upper end of the protective net is fixedly arranged with each section of rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911330592.2A CN110926287A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911330592.2A CN110926287A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method |
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| CN110926287A true CN110926287A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN201911330592.2A Pending CN110926287A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Cutting earth and rock excavation blasting method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111765820A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Weak disturbance directional blasting seam-making method for hard top plate |
Citations (6)
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| US4491185A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-01-01 | Mcclure Gerald B | Method and apparatus for perforating subsurface earth formations |
| CN2188649Y (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-02-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Efficiency-enhancing perforator |
| CN204043536U (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-12-24 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Be applicable to the blasting system of rockmass high slope |
| CN105466290A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-04-06 | 武汉科技大学 | Cutting excavation blasting method |
| CN207035966U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-02-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of explosion shock dropping buffers band structure |
| CN209655925U (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-11-19 | 厦门爆破工程公司 | A kind of dismountable underground lonestone demolition set |
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2019
- 2019-12-20 CN CN201911330592.2A patent/CN110926287A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4491185A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-01-01 | Mcclure Gerald B | Method and apparatus for perforating subsurface earth formations |
| CN2188649Y (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1995-02-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Efficiency-enhancing perforator |
| CN204043536U (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-12-24 | 中交一公局第一工程有限公司 | Be applicable to the blasting system of rockmass high slope |
| CN105466290A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-04-06 | 武汉科技大学 | Cutting excavation blasting method |
| CN207035966U (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2018-02-23 | 贵州大学 | A kind of explosion shock dropping buffers band structure |
| CN209655925U (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-11-19 | 厦门爆破工程公司 | A kind of dismountable underground lonestone demolition set |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 刘锋等: "复杂地形条件下大面积中深孔路堑爆破开挖实践", 《工程爆破》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111765820A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Weak disturbance directional blasting seam-making method for hard top plate |
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Application publication date: 20200327 |
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