CN110922219A - Device and method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure - Google Patents
Device and method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110922219A CN110922219A CN201911329720.1A CN201911329720A CN110922219A CN 110922219 A CN110922219 A CN 110922219A CN 201911329720 A CN201911329720 A CN 201911329720A CN 110922219 A CN110922219 A CN 110922219A
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- heat preservation
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- die
- granulating
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry excrement, which comprises a conveyor belt, a flat-die granulator and a heat preservation device, wherein one end of the conveyor belt is connected with a feeding port of the flat-die granulator, a discharging port of the flat-die granulator is connected with a feeding port of the heat preservation device, a cutter is arranged below a die disc of the flat-die granulator, the cutter horizontally cuts granulated particles, and the heat preservation device is provided with a heat preservation layer so that the materials in the heat preservation device are kept in a constant temperature state. The heat preservation device is the feed bin of funnel type form, and the feed bin divide into funnel oral area and funnel neck, and the lateral wall of feed bin sets up the rock wool heat preservation, and the top of feed bin sets up the gas outlet. The fertilizer is suitable for livestock and poultry manure which contains plant fibers and is not easy to granulate, and the granules are subjected to a process of killing pathogens for the second time, so that the safety of the fertilizer is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a device and a method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the support of the state on the ecological agriculture policy, a large amount of cultured livestock and poultry manure and agricultural crop straws can produce organic fertilizer by an aerobic fermentation method, and an effective channel is provided for the resource utilization of the agricultural and animal husbandry wastes in China. The existing organic fertilizer granulation technology mainly comprises disc granulation and drum granulation, and for some herbivores, the excrement contains plant fiber, so that granulation and molding are not easy to realize. The organic fertilizer granules have high compaction degree and slow fertilizer release, and are not beneficial to the use of organic fertilizers. The existing organic fertilizer granulation process can obtain residual pathogens in the granules.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a granulating device and a granulating method for materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a prilling granulator of material after beasts and birds excrement and urine aerobic fermentation, includes conveyer belt, flat-die granulator, heat preservation device, and the one end of conveyer belt is connected with the pan feeding mouth of flat-die granulator, and the discharge gate of flat-die granulator is connected with heat preservation device's feed inlet, and the die disc below of flat-die granulator sets up the cutter, and the granule after the cutter horizontal cutting granulation, heat preservation device set up the heat preservation, make the inside material of heat preservation device maintain the constant temperature state.
The fermented livestock and poultry manure is granulated by using the flat-die granulator, the granulated particles are cut by the cutter below the die disc, and the height of the cut particles is equal to or less than the diameter of the particles, so that the specific surface area of the particles is increased, and the fertilizer efficiency release speed of the organic fertilizer particles is improved. The granules after granulation enter a heat preservation device, the temperature of the granules is maintained to be above 60 ℃ by utilizing the heat of the granules, and in the process of heat preservation and constant temperature, the granules are subjected to the process of killing pathogens for the second time, so that the safety of the fertilizer is further improved.
In some embodiments, the conveyor belt comprises a horizontal conveyor belt and a climbing conveyor belt, two side edges of the conveyor belt are respectively provided with a guard plate, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a barrier strip.
In some embodiments, the horizontal conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet bars, the permanent magnet bars are arranged perpendicular to the guard plate, the permanent magnet bars are arranged at the top of the horizontal conveyor belt, and two ends of the permanent magnet bars are fixedly connected with the baffle plates at two sides respectively. The permanent magnet bars can be used for removing iron-containing impurities.
In some embodiments, a variable frequency motor is arranged on the top of the climbing conveyor belt.
In some embodiments, the top of the flat-die pelletizer is the feed inlet, the die plate is located inside the flat-die pelletizer, and the discharge outlet is located on the side wall of the flat-die pelletizer.
Preferably, the compression ratio of the die disc is 4-5. Compared with the compression ratio of the existing die plate, the compression ratio of the die plate provided by the invention is reduced under the condition of ensuring material forming, and the fertilizer efficiency release speed of particles is increased.
In some embodiments, the flat-die pelletizer is connected with the heat preservation device through a connecting pipe which is obliquely arranged.
In some embodiments, the heat preservation device is the feed bin of funnel type form, and the feed bin divide into funnel oral area and funnel neck, and the lateral wall of feed bin sets up the rock wool heat preservation, and the top of feed bin sets up the gas outlet. The invention provides a heat preservation device with the functions of heat preservation and particle material bagging, and the secondary pathogen killing of particles is realized.
In some embodiments, the rock wool heat preservation layer is arranged on the inner side wall of the storage bin.
In some embodiments, the lower end funnel neck of the storage bin is connected with a quantitative packaging device, the quantitative packaging device comprises an upper sleeve, an adjusting stud and a lower sleeve from top to bottom, the upper sleeve is connected with the bottom of the funnel opening of the storage bin, the upper sleeve, the adjusting stud and the lower sleeve are all of a cylinder structure with openings at two ends, and the outer side walls at two ends of the adjusting stud are respectively in threaded connection with the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve.
In some embodiments, go up telescopic top and set up the first handle, telescopic top sets up the second handle down, the handle is by fixed plate and rotor plate, the rotation axis, rotatory handle is constituteed, the rotor plate is located the top of fixed plate, the rotation axis passes fixed plate and rotor plate, the inward flange and the rotation axis fixed connection of fixed plate, the outward flange and the sleeve inner wall fixed connection of fixed plate, rotatory handle and rotor plate are integrative and set up, fixed plate and rotor plate equipartition respectively have opened 3 fan-shaped logical grooves, the rotor plate passes through the tourus and is connected with the rotation axis, the tourus cup joints with the rotation axis, and can rotate around the rotation axis.
In some embodiments, the bag holder is sleeved outside the lower sleeve.
In a second aspect, a method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following specific steps:
conveying the fermented livestock and poultry manure to an opening at the top of the flat-die granulator through a conveyor belt by using the flat-die granulator;
extruding and granulating the livestock and poultry manure through a flat die granulator, cutting the granulated particles by a cutter below a die disc, wherein the height of the cut particles is equal to or less than the diameter of the particles;
and (4) feeding the granulated particles into a heat preservation device, carrying out heat preservation treatment and secondary sterilization, and then bagging by a quantitative packaging device.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the livestock manure after granulation by the flat die granulator is greater than 60 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with disc granulation and rotary drum granulation, the flat die granulation does not need to adjust the water content of materials, does not need to add a binder into the materials, has strong adaptability, and is particularly suitable for fermenting and granulating the excrement of the herbivorous animals with high fiber content.
(2) The organic fertilizer particles are flat cylindrical or cylindrical-like, and have large specific surface area compared with spherical particles, so that the slow release property of the organic fertilizer can be improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved.
(3) After the fermented livestock and poultry manure is granulated, the fermented livestock and poultry manure is subjected to heat preservation and constant-temperature storage, so that the effect of killing pathogens for the second time is achieved, and the safety performance of the fertilizer is further improved.
(4) The granulating process and method are easy to implement, low in cost and good in performance.
(5) The whole granulation process can be operated by one person, so that the labor is saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a granulating device for materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the handle of the present invention;
the device comprises a permanent magnet bar 1, a horizontal conveyor belt 2, a protective plate 3, a protective plate 4, a barrier strip 5, a climbing conveyor belt 6, a variable frequency motor 7, a flat die granulator 8, a die disc 9, a scraper belt conveyor 10, an underframe 11, a connecting pipe 12, a storage bin 13, an air outlet 14, an observation window 15, an upper sleeve 16, an adjusting stud 17, a handle 18, a bag clamping device 19, a cutter 20, a lower sleeve 21, a ground plane 22, a rock wool heat-insulating layer 23, a fixing plate 24, a rotating shaft 25, a rotating plate 26 and a rotating handle.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in figure 1, the conveyor belt is a scraper type conveyor belt 9, the scraper type conveyor belt 9 comprises a horizontal conveyor belt 2 and a climbing conveyor belt 5, and the horizontal conveyor belt 2 is installed below a ground level 21 and is convenient to feed. The climbing conveyor belt 5 is used for lifting the materials to a feeding port of the flat-die granulator. The top of climbing conveyer belt 5 sets up inverter motor 6, and inverter motor 6 provides the power that the conveyer belt carried. The barrier strip 4 has a certain height, which can prevent loose materials from sliding on the belt. The guard plate 3 can prevent the material from sliding off from the two sides of the belt. The variable frequency motor 6 can adjust the rotating speed of the motor, so that the linear speed of the belt is adjusted, and the material conveying capacity is adjusted.
The bottom of the climbing conveyor belt 5 is supported with the ground by a pillar.
The permanent magnet bar 1 is arranged above the horizontal conveyor belt 2. Can remove iron-containing impurities and protect the die disc 8 in the flat-die granulator 7 while removing impurities.
The flat-die pelletizer 7 is disposed on top of the base frame 10, and the base frame 10 is used to support the flat-die pelletizer 7.
The inside of flat-die granulator 7 sets up die disc and cutter, and the material is pressed into cylindric granule after passing through die disc 8, and cutter 19 cuts off cylindric granule for the granule is equal cylinder or flat cylinder, has increased granule specific surface area, has improved fertilizer efficiency release speed of fertilizer granule. The cutter 19 is provided with an edge, so that the powder yield when the cylindrical particles are cut off can be reduced.
The compression ratio of the granulated organic fertilizer granulating mould disk 8 is smaller and is reduced by 50 percent compared with the compression ratio of feed granulating. Can improve the slow release speed of the granular organic fertilizer.
Through the connection of connecting pipe 11, the granule directly gets into heat preservation device and keeps warm, and heat preservation device is the feed bin 12 of funnel type form, and at the in-process of granulation, the material intensifies, and the granule material temperature is more than 60 ℃, and feed bin 12 seals and the outer parcel has rock wool heat preservation 22, and after the granule material got into feed bin 12, utilize self waste heat preservation constant temperature to the pathogen is exterminateed to the secondary.
An observation window 14 is arranged at the upper part of the bin 12, and the observation window 14 is used for visually observing the condition of the materials in the bin 12.
The feed bin 12 is of a quantitative packaging structure, the neck of a funnel of the feed bin 12 comprises an upper sleeve 15, an adjusting stud 16 and a lower sleeve 20 from top to bottom, the adjusting stud 16 is positioned between the upper sleeve 15 and the lower sleeve 20, two ends of the adjusting stud 16 are respectively in threaded connection with flanges of the upper sleeve 15 and the lower sleeve 20, and the adjusting stud 16 can adjust the distance between the upper sleeve 15 and the lower sleeve 20, so that the effective volume between two handles 17 is adjusted, and the weight of the bagged granular materials is adjusted.
The outer side of the lower sleeve is sleeved with a bag clamping device 18, the bag clamping device 18 is used for clamping the packaging bag on a lower sleeve 20, at the moment, the two handles 17 are closed, the lower handle 17 is opened, the granular materials are bagged, the lower handle 17 is closed, the bag clamping device 18 is opened, and bagging is finished; the upper handle 17 is opened again, and after the dosing, the upper handle 17 is closed to prepare for the next bagging.
The handle 17 is configured such that a fixed plate 23 and a rotating plate 25 are connected by a rotating shaft 24; 3 fan-shaped through grooves which are uniformly distributed and have the same size are respectively formed in the fixed plate 23 and the rotating plate 25, and when the rotating plate 25 rotates, the fan-shaped through grooves can be opened and closed, so that material discharging and material stopping are realized. Rotation of the swivel plate is controlled by a swivel handle 26.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a prilling granulator of material after beasts and birds excrement and urine aerobic fermentation which characterized in that: including conveyer belt, flat-die granulator, heat preservation device, the one end of conveyer belt is connected with the pan feeding mouth of flat-die granulator, and the discharge gate of flat-die granulator is connected with heat preservation device's feed inlet, and the diaphragm disk below of flat-die granulator sets up the cutter, and the granule after the cutter horizontal cutting granulation, heat preservation device set up the heat preservation, make the inside material of heat preservation device maintain the constant temperature state.
2. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveyer belt includes horizontal conveyor and climbing conveyer belt, and the both sides edge of conveyer belt sets up the backplate respectively, and the surface of conveyer belt sets up the blend stop.
3. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet rods, the permanent magnet rods are perpendicular to the guard plate and arranged at the top of the horizontal conveyor belt, and two ends of the permanent magnet rods are fixedly connected with the baffle plates on two sides respectively.
4. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the climbing conveyor belt is provided with a variable frequency motor.
5. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the flat-die granulator is provided with a feeding port, the die disc is positioned in the flat-die granulator, and the discharging port is positioned on the side wall of the flat-die granulator;
preferably, the compression ratio of the die disc is 4-5;
or the flat-die granulator is connected with the heat preservation device through a connecting pipe which is obliquely arranged.
6. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat preservation device is the feed bin of funnel type form, and the feed bin divide into funnel oral area and funnel neck, and the lateral wall of feed bin sets up the rock wool heat preservation, and the top of feed bin sets up the gas outlet.
7. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the lower extreme funnel neck of feed bin includes upper sleeve, regulation double-screw bolt, lower sleeve from top to bottom, and the upper sleeve is connected with the bottom of the funnel oral area of feed bin, and upper sleeve, regulation double-screw bolt, lower sleeve are both ends open-ended tubular structure, and the both ends lateral wall of regulation double-screw bolt respectively with upper sleeve and lower sleeve threaded connection.
8. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: go up telescopic top and set up the first in command, telescopic top sets up the second in command down, the handle is by fixed plate and rotor plate, the rotation axis, rotatory handle is constituteed, the rotor plate is located the top of fixed plate, the rotation axis passes fixed plate and rotor plate, the inward flange and the rotation axis fixed connection of fixed plate, the outward flange and the sleeve inner wall fixed connection of fixed plate, rotatory handle and rotor plate are integrative to be set up, fixed plate and rotor plate equipartition respectively open and have 3 fan-shaped logical grooves, the rotor plate passes through the tourus and is connected with the rotation axis, the tourus cup joints with the rotation axis, and can rotate around the rotation axis.
9. The apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the outer side of the lower sleeve is sleeved with a bag clamping device.
10. An apparatus for granulating a material after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
conveying the fermented livestock and poultry manure to an opening at the top of the flat-die granulator through a conveyor belt by using the flat-die granulator;
extruding and granulating the livestock and poultry manure through a flat die granulator, cutting the granulated particles by a cutter below a die disc, wherein the height of the cut particles is equal to or less than the diameter of the particles;
the granulated particles enter a heat preservation device, are subjected to heat preservation treatment and secondary sterilization, and are bagged through a quantitative packaging device;
preferably, the temperature of the livestock manure after being granulated by the flat-die granulator is more than 60 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911329720.1A CN110922219A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Device and method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911329720.1A CN110922219A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Device and method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure |
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| CN110922219A true CN110922219A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN201911329720.1A Pending CN110922219A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Device and method for granulating materials after aerobic fermentation of livestock and poultry manure |
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