CN110921839A - Photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island - Google Patents

Photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110921839A
CN110921839A CN201911345785.5A CN201911345785A CN110921839A CN 110921839 A CN110921839 A CN 110921839A CN 201911345785 A CN201911345785 A CN 201911345785A CN 110921839 A CN110921839 A CN 110921839A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
module
floating island
sunlight
carrier
controller
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Pending
Application number
CN201911345785.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
付琦
周金龙
叶成利
金仕琦
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YUNNAN ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES Co Ltd
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YUNNAN ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911345785.5A priority Critical patent/CN110921839A/en
Publication of CN110921839A publication Critical patent/CN110921839A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/009Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/006Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2203/00Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/008Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Abstract

The application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic, including carrier and the navigation module of setting on the carrier, a controller, power module, photovoltaic power generation module and sunlight beam splitting module, navigation module acquires the path data of carrier and transmits path data to the controller, power module can drive the carrier and remove at the surface of water, the controller is according to path data control power module and then the removal of control carrier on the surface of water, photovoltaic power generation module provides the electric energy for the module that needs the power consumption with solar energy conversion, sunlight beam splitting module filters the required sunlight of plant to the plant, surplus sunlight reflection converts the photovoltaic power generation module into the electric energy. By adopting the device, the ecological floating island can move freely on the water surface, the water purification in the full space range of the water surface is realized, and the utilization rate of sunlight is improved.

Description

Photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of water purification, in particular to a photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island.
Background
The ecological floating island has the main effects of purifying water quality, absorbing eutrophic substances in water by using root systems of plants, transferring the nutrition of the water body and solving the problems of fishy smell and eutrophication of the water body caused by insufficient sealing or self-circulation of the water body.
Most of the existing ecological floating islands are designed aiming at slow-flow water bodies such as small lakes, urban rivers and the like, and are mainly fixed in water to purify water bodies in modes of vertical piles or anchor ropes in water, so that the ecological floating islands cannot freely move on the water surface, can only purify the water bodies in fixed areas, and cannot purify the water quality in the whole space range of the water surface. In addition, floating island plants on the ecological floating island only use partial wave bands of sunlight for photosynthesis, the existing ecological floating island cannot optimize the spectrum of photosynthesis of the floating island plants, the sunlight of the wave bands which cannot be used by the plants cannot be effectively utilized, and the utilization rate of the sunlight is too low.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic to solve current ecological chinampa and can not freely remove at the surface of water, and cross the problem of hanging down to the sunlight utilization ratio.
The photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island comprises a carrier, and a navigation module, a controller, a power module, a photovoltaic power generation module and a sunlight splitting module which are arranged on the carrier;
the navigation module, the controller and the power module are electrically connected in sequence;
the navigation module is used for acquiring the path data of the carrier and transmitting the path data of the carrier to the controller;
the controller is used for controlling the power module to act according to the path data sent by the navigation module;
the power module is used for driving the carrier to move on the water surface;
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy;
the sunlight splitting module is used for splitting sunlight according to spectrum, sunlight with specific spectrum is filtered by the sunlight splitting module, and sunlight with non-specific spectrum is reflected to the photovoltaic power generation module by the sunlight splitting module.
Optionally, a filler frame and a fixed tray are arranged in the carrier, the filler frame is tightly attached to the fixed tray, the top of the filler frame and the top of the fixed tray are on the same horizontal plane, the filler frame is used for planting floating island plants, and the floating island plants are any one or any combination of typha orientalis, juncus effuses and vetiver grass; the fixed tray is used for placing the navigation module, the controller, the power module, the photovoltaic power generation module and the sunlight splitting module.
Optionally, the navigation module includes a GPS positioning chip and a path planning chip connected in sequence, the GPS positioning chip is configured to acquire position data of the carrier and transmit the position data to the path planning chip, and the path planning chip is configured to determine a moving path of the carrier according to the position data and transmit path data corresponding to the moving path to the controller.
Optionally, the navigation module further includes an infrared distance sensor, the infrared distance sensor is connected to the controller, and is configured to monitor a distance value between the ecological floating island and an adjacent ecological floating island or other floating objects in the water area in real time, and transmit the distance value monitored in real time to the controller, the controller compares the received distance value with a preset distance threshold, and when the distance value monitored in real time is smaller than the preset distance threshold, the controller sends a steering instruction to the power module.
Optionally, the power module includes a first motor, a second motor and a propeller, a rotating shaft of the first motor is perpendicular to a moving direction of the carrier, and is used for controlling steering of the carrier, the propeller is located on a rotating shaft of the second motor, the second motor is connected with the first motor, and the rotating shaft of the second motor is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the first motor.
Optionally, the photovoltaic power generation module includes crystal silicon battery piece, waterproof battery, the crystal silicon battery piece passes through the support to be fixed the top of chinampa plant for convert solar energy into the electric energy, waterproof battery is fixed on the fixing tray, through the wire with the crystal silicon battery piece is connected for storage electric energy provides the electric energy for navigation module, controller and power module simultaneously.
Optionally, the sunlight splitting module is an optical interference film, and the optical interference film is fixed between the floating island plants and the crystalline silicon cell piece through a support, and is used for filtering the spectrum sunlight required by the floating island plants to the floating island plants and reflecting the spectrum sunlight required by the non-floating island plants to the crystalline silicon cell piece.
The application provides an ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic has following effect at least:
the application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic, including carrier and the navigation module of setting on the carrier, a controller, power module, photovoltaic power generation module and sunlight beam splitting module, navigation module acquires the path data of carrier and transmits path data to the controller, power module can drive the carrier and remove at the surface of water, the controller is according to path data control power module and then the removal of control carrier on the surface of water, photovoltaic power generation module provides the electric energy for the module that needs the power consumption with solar energy conversion, sunlight beam splitting module filters the required sunlight of plant to the plant, surplus sunlight reflection converts the photovoltaic power generation module into the electric energy. By adopting the device, the ecological floating island can move freely on the water surface, the water purification in the full space range of the water surface is realized, and the utilization rate of sunlight is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island provided by the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carrier of a photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island provided by the present application;
fig. 3 is a positional relationship diagram of a navigation module and a controller of a photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island provided by the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module of a photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island provided by the present application.
Illustration of the drawings: the method comprises the following steps of 1-carrier, 11-filler frame, 12-fixed tray, 13-floating island plant, 2-navigation module, 21-GPS positioning chip, 22-path planning chip, 23-infrared distance sensor, 3-controller, 4-power module, 41-first motor, 42-second motor, 43-propeller, 5-photovoltaic power generation module, 51-crystalline silicon cell, 52-waterproof storage battery, 6-sunlight splitting module and 61-optical interference film.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic has solved current ecological chinampa and can only fix at surface of water somewhere water purification quality of water, can not realize the quality of water purification of surface of water full range, and the problem of crossing low is crossed to the sunlight utilization ratio in addition.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island provided by the present application includes a carrier 1, and a navigation module 2, a controller 3, a power module 4, a photovoltaic power generation module 5, and a sunlight splitting module 6 which are disposed on the carrier 1.
The navigation module 2, the controller 3 and the power module 4 are electrically connected in sequence.
The navigation module 2 is configured to obtain path data of the carrier 1 and transmit the path data of the carrier 1 to the controller 3.
The controller 3 is used for controlling the action of the power module 4 according to the path data sent by the navigation module 2.
The power module 4 is used for driving the carrier 1 to move on the water surface.
The photovoltaic power generation module 5 is used for converting solar energy into electric energy.
The sunlight splitting module 6 is used for splitting sunlight according to spectrum, sunlight with specific spectrum is filtered through the sunlight splitting module 6, and sunlight with non-specific spectrum is reflected to the photovoltaic power generation module 5 by the sunlight splitting module 6.
The application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic plants aquatic plant in carrier 1 partly space, places navigation module 2, controller 3, power module 4, photovoltaic power generation module 5 and sunlight beam split module 6 in another part space and constitutes. Navigation module 2 and controller 3 concentrate in same box, avoided external environment to navigation module 2 and controller 3's corruption, navigation module 2 acquires the route data of ecological chinampa in real time, the route data includes data such as the direction that ecological chinampa gos forward and forward speed, navigation module 2 transmits the route data to controller 3, controller 3 controls power module according to the route data, power module drive ecological chinampa gos forward and turns to, photovoltaic power generation module 5 converts the sunlight into the electric energy, for navigation module 2, controller 3, power module 4 provides working power, sunlight that sunlight beam splitting module 6 will be fit for the plant photosynthesis wavelength sees through shining on aquatic plant, unsuitable plant photosynthesis or plant photosynthesis utilize few sunlight to be reflected to photovoltaic power generation module 5 and convert into the electric energy.
A filling frame 11 and a fixed tray 12 are arranged in the carrier 1, the filling frame 11 is tightly attached to the fixed tray 12, the top of the filling frame 11 and the top of the fixed tray 12 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the filling frame 11 is used for planting floating island plants 13, and the floating island plants 13 are any one or any combination of typha, juncus effuses and vetiver; the fixed tray 12 is used for placing the navigation module 2, the controller 3, the power module 4, the photovoltaic power generation module 5 and the sunlight splitting module 6.
A part of space on the carrier 1 is composed of a filler frame 11 and a fixed tray 12, in the direction vertical to the horizontal plane, the carrier 1 can be in a rectangular structure, the filler frame 11 and the fixed tray 12 are also in the rectangular structure, the filler frame 11 and the fixed tray 12 are abutted together, preferably, the height of the filler frame 11 and the fixed tray 12 is the same as the height of the carrier 1, the width of the filler frame 11 and the width of the fixed tray 12 jointly form the width of the carrier 1, and the length of the filler frame 11 and the length of the fixed tray 12 jointly form the length of the carrier 1. The floating island plants 13 are planted on the filling frame 11, and the floating island plants 13 are one or any combination of water plants such as cattail, juncus effuses, vetiver and the like. The navigation module 2, the controller 3, the power module 4, the photovoltaic power generation module 5 and the sunlight splitting module 6 are arranged on the fixed tray 12.
The navigation module 2 comprises a GPS positioning chip 21 and a path planning chip 22 which are connected in sequence, the GPS positioning chip 21 is configured to acquire position data of the carrier 1 and transmit the position data to the path planning chip 22, and the path planning chip 22 is configured to determine a moving path of the carrier 1 according to the position data and transmit path data corresponding to the moving path to the controller 3.
The navigation module 2 comprises a GPS positioning chip 21 and a path planning chip 22 which are sequentially connected, the GPS positioning chip 21 acquires position data of the carrier 1, the position data is the specific position of the ecological floating island on the whole water surface, the GPS positioning chip 21 transmits the position data of the carrier 1 to the path planning chip 22, the path planning chip 22 determines the moving path of the carrier 1 and generates path data corresponding to the moving path, and finally the path planning chip 22 transmits the path data to the controller 3.
The navigation module 2 further comprises an infrared distance sensor 23, the infrared distance sensor 23 is connected with the controller 3 and used for monitoring the distance value between the ecological floating island and the adjacent ecological floating island or other floaters on the water area in real time and transmitting the real-time monitored distance value to the controller 3, the controller 3 compares the received distance value with a preset distance threshold value, and when the real-time monitored distance value is smaller than the preset distance threshold value, the controller 3 sends a steering instruction to the power module 4.
In order to enable the ecological floating island to move on the water surface more flexibly, the carrier 1 is further provided with an infrared distance sensor 23, specifically, the infrared distance sensor 23 is fixed on the periphery of the carrier 1 and has waterproof performance, the infrared distance sensor 23 monitors the distance value between the ecological floating island and the adjacent ecological floating island or other floaters on the water area in real time and transmits the real-time monitored distance value to the controller 3, the distance threshold value between the carrier 1 and the adjacent ecological floating island or other floaters on the water area is preset in the controller 3, the controller 3 compares the received distance value with the preset distance threshold value, and when the real-time monitored distance value is smaller than the preset distance threshold value, the controller 3 sends a steering instruction to the power module 4 and adjusts the advancing speed of the carrier 1, so that the ecological floating island can flexibly avoid obstacles.
Referring to fig. 4, the power module 4 includes a first motor 41, a second motor 42 and a propeller 43, a rotating shaft of the first motor 41 is perpendicular to a moving direction of the carrier 1 for controlling a steering direction of the carrier 1, the propeller 43 is on a rotating shaft of the second motor 42, the second motor 42 is connected with the first motor 41, and an axial direction of the second motor 42 is perpendicular to an axial direction of the first motor 41.
The ecological floating island that this application provided can change the direction in a flexible way, and the pivot of first motor 41 is perpendicular with the moving direction of carrier 1, can control turning to of carrier 1, installation screw 43 in the pivot of second motor 42, second motor 42 with first motor 41 is connected, and is preferred, and the pivot of first motor 41 is connected with the casing of second motor 42, and the pivot of first motor 41 is perpendicular with the pivot of second motor 42, and second motor 42 work is rotated screw 43 and is driven carrier 1 and is advanced.
Photovoltaic power generation module 5 includes crystal silicon battery piece 51, waterproof battery 52, crystal silicon battery piece 51 is fixed through the support the top of chinampa plant 13 for light energy conversion of sunlight is the electric energy, waterproof battery 52 is fixed on the solid fixed tray 12, through the wire with crystal silicon battery piece 51 is connected, is used for storing the electric energy and provides the electric energy for navigation module 2, controller 3 and power module 4 simultaneously.
Photovoltaic power generation module 5 includes crystal silicon battery piece 51, waterproof battery 52, crystal silicon battery piece 51 passes through the support to be fixed in the top of chinampa plant 13, the prerequisite is that can not shelter from the sunlight irradiation on chinampa plant 13, convert the light energy of sunlight into the electric energy, be connected crystal silicon battery piece 51 and waterproof battery 52 through the wire, waterproof battery 52 is placed on fixed tray 12, be used for storing the electric energy of crystal silicon battery piece 51 conversion and for navigation module 2, controller 3 and power module 4 provide the electric energy.
The sunlight splitting module 6 is an optical interference film 61, and the optical interference film 61 is fixed between the floating island plants 13 and the crystalline silicon cell 51 through a support and is used for filtering the spectrum sunlight required by the floating island plants to the floating island plants 13 and reflecting the spectrum sunlight required by the non-floating island plants to the crystalline silicon cell 51.
The sunlight splitting module 6 is specifically an optical interference film 61, the optical interference film 61 is fixed between the floating island plant 13 and the crystalline silicon cell 51 in the photovoltaic power generation module 5 through a support, the optical interference film 61 is concave to the floating island plant 13, preferably, the optical interference film 61 is fixed at a position 60cm-100cm above the floating island plant 13 through a support, sunlight irradiates on the optical interference film 61, the optical interference film 61 is suitable for plant photosynthesis, blue light with a wavelength of 397-492 nm, red light with a wavelength of 604-852 nm and near infrared light penetrate through the optical interference film, the optical interference film irradiates on the floating island plant 13, and sunlight with other wavelengths is reflected to the crystalline silicon cell 51 and converted into electric energy.
The application provides a pair of ecological chinampa is removed to photovoltaic, including carrier 1 and the navigation module 2 of setting on carrier 1, controller 3, power module 4, photovoltaic power generation module 5 and sunlight beam splitting module 6, navigation module 2 acquires the path data of carrier 1 and transmits path data to controller 3, power module 4 can drive carrier 1 and remove at the surface of water, controller 3 is according to path data control power module 4 and then the removal of control carrier 1 on the surface of water, photovoltaic power generation module 5 provides the electric energy for the module that needs the power consumption with solar energy conversion, sunlight beam splitting module 6 filters the required sunlight of plant to the plant, surplus sunlight reflection converts the electric energy into to photovoltaic power generation module 5. By adopting the device, the ecological floating island can move freely on the water surface, the water purification in the full space range of the water surface is realized, and the utilization rate of sunlight is improved.
The present application has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the presently disclosed embodiments and implementations thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these fall within the scope of the present disclosure. The protection scope of this application is subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island is characterized by comprising a carrier (1), and a navigation module (2), a controller (3), a power module (4), a photovoltaic power generation module (5) and a sunlight splitting module (6) which are arranged on the carrier (1);
the navigation module (2), the controller (3) and the power module (4) are electrically connected in sequence;
the navigation module (2) is used for acquiring the path data of the carrier (1) and transmitting the path data of the carrier (1) to the controller (3);
the controller (3) is used for controlling the action of the power module (4) according to the path data sent by the navigation module (2);
the power module (4) is used for driving the carrier (1) to move on the water surface;
the photovoltaic power generation module (5) is used for converting solar energy into electric energy;
the sunlight splitting module (6) is used for splitting sunlight according to spectrum, sunlight with specific spectrum is filtered through the sunlight splitting module (6), and sunlight with non-specific spectrum is reflected to the photovoltaic power generation module (5) by the sunlight splitting module (6).
2. The ecological floating island according to claim 1, wherein a filler frame (11) and a fixed tray (12) are arranged in the carrier (1), the filler frame (11) is tightly attached to the fixed tray (12), the top of the filler frame (11) and the top of the fixed tray (12) are on the same horizontal plane, the filler frame (11) is used for planting floating island plants (13), and the floating island plants (13) are any one or any combination of cattail, juncus effusus and vetiver grass; the fixed tray (12) is used for placing the navigation module (2), the controller (3), the power module (4), the photovoltaic power generation module (5) and the sunlight splitting module (6).
3. The ecological floating island according to claim 1, wherein the navigation module (2) comprises a GPS positioning chip (21) and a path planning chip (22) connected in sequence, the GPS positioning chip (21) is configured to acquire position data of the carrier (1) and transmit the position data to the path planning chip (22), and the path planning chip (22) is configured to determine a moving path of the carrier (1) according to the position data and transmit path data corresponding to the moving path to the controller (3).
4. The ecological floating island according to claim 3, wherein the navigation module (2) further comprises an infrared distance sensor (23), the infrared distance sensor (23) is connected with the controller (3) and is used for monitoring the distance value between the ecological floating island and the adjacent ecological floating island or other floaters on the water area in real time and transmitting the real-time monitored distance value to the controller (3), the controller (3) compares the received distance value with a preset distance threshold value, and when the real-time monitored distance value is smaller than the preset distance threshold value, the controller (3) sends a steering instruction to the power module (4).
5. The ecological floating island according to claim 1, characterized in that the power module (4) comprises a first motor (41) and a second motor (42) and a propeller (43), the rotating shaft of the first motor (41) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the carrier (1) for controlling the steering of the carrier (1), the propeller (43) is on the rotating shaft of the second motor (42), the second motor (42) is connected with the first motor (41), and the rotating shaft of the second motor (42) is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the first motor (41).
6. The ecological floating island according to claim 2, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module (5) comprises a crystalline silicon cell (51) and a waterproof storage battery (52), the crystalline silicon cell (51) is fixed above the floating island plants (13) through a bracket and used for converting solar energy into electric energy, and the waterproof storage battery (52) is fixed on the fixed tray (12) and connected with the crystalline silicon cell (51) through a lead and used for storing electric energy and providing electric energy for the navigation module (2), the controller (3) and the power module (4).
7. The ecological floating island according to claim 6, wherein the sunlight splitting module (6) is an optical interference film (61), and the optical interference film (61) is fixed between the floating island plants (13) and the crystalline silicon cell plates (51) through a bracket and is used for filtering the spectrum sunlight required by the floating island plants to the floating island plants (13) and reflecting the spectrum sunlight required by the non-floating island plants to the crystalline silicon cell plates (51).
CN201911345785.5A 2019-12-24 2019-12-24 Photovoltaic mobile ecological floating island Pending CN110921839A (en)

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CN111399515A (en) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-10 连云港市水利学会 Wetland environment electronic monitoring system based on natural factor disturbance
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CN113060805A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-02 山东大学 Carbon fiber solar water purifier and heavy metal sewage treatment method

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Application publication date: 20200327