CN110921219B

CN110921219B - Crayfish sequencing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110921219B
Application number: CN201911139460.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟弢; 邵仁杰; 邓庆元; 陈方棣; 孟雅琪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-20
Filing date: 2019-11-20
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-20
Also published as: CN110921219A

Abstract

The invention discloses crayfish sorting equipment which comprises a rack, a driving motor and a screening mechanism, wherein the screening mechanism comprises a chain transmission mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a supplied material conveying rail, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving chain wheel, a chain and a driven chain wheel, and the driving chain wheel is connected with the driving motor; the pushing mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a hinge shaft, a torsion spring and a pushing frame, wherein one end of the torsion spring is installed on the fixed plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is installed on the pushing frame; the incoming material conveying rail is provided with a guide groove serving as a crayfish moving channel, and is also provided with concave-convex lines for enabling the tail of the curled crayfish to pass through but not enabling the head of the curled crayfish to pass through; the pushing frame is provided with a convex part. The invention adopts a mechanical transmission screening mode, completes the automatic removal or reversing action of the crayfish in the guide groove by matching the convex part and the concave-convex lines, and greatly improves the production efficiency in the screening operation process of the incoming materials of the crayfish heads and the crayfish tails by adopting a combined mode of chain transmission and guide groove screening.

Description

Crayfish sequencing equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crayfish processing equipment, and particularly relates to crayfish sorting equipment.

Background

The crayfish belongs to the freshwater economic crayfish, is a high-quality aquatic product in the Yangtze river basin in China, and is popular with consumers due to the high growth speed, strong adaptability and delicious meat taste. Since plants typically handle on the average of tons, a large amount of labor is required to perform the intensive operations.

Under the market environment that shrimp food demand market is flourishing, the productivity demand is bigger and bigger, and the food safety demand that corresponds simultaneously is also more and more strict, and traditional manual work production mode has can not satisfy the demand of shrimp food processing enterprise now, has consequently appeared some equipment of processing to crayfish, can partly replace some processes of manual work.

When the crayfish processing equipment adopts the clamp to clamp the crayfish to transfer and the crayfish is transferred to the crayfish head and tail separating device to separate the crayfish, all the crayfish are required to have the same orientation, so that the separated crayfish head and the separated crayfish tail are convenient to process respectively, and if the randomness of the postures of a batch of crayfish is too large, the clamp needs to rotate to adjust the posture when clamping one crayfish each time, the processing time of a visual recognition system matched with the clamp can be prolonged, and the working efficiency is low; and if adopt the manual work to carry out and let crayfish head shrimp tail orientation of crayfish arrange in an order the same, can make workman's working strength big, work efficiency is low, directly leads to output and quality in the processing production process all to follow up the demand of development, and crayfish's head, pincers portion and afterbody all can cause personnel to hurt moreover.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides crayfish sorting equipment, which can realize that the heads and the tails of crayfish on an incoming material conveying rail are all placed in the same direction through the matching of a convex part on a pushing plate and concave-convex lines on the incoming material conveying rail, and the crayfish placed in the opposite direction on the incoming material conveying rail is removed or turned over.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crayfish sorting apparatus, characterized by comprising a frame, a driving motor, and a sorting mechanism including a chain transmission mechanism, a pushing mechanism, and a feeding transfer rail, wherein,

the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving chain wheel, a chain and a driven chain wheel, the central line of the driving chain wheel is horizontally arranged, the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel are respectively rotatably arranged on the rack and are connected through the chain, and the driving chain wheel is connected with the driving motor arranged on the rack;

the pushing mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a hinge shaft, a torsion spring and a pushing frame, the fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the chain, the pushing frame is arranged on the fixed plate through the hinge shaft, the center line of the hinge shaft is perpendicular to the center line of the driving chain wheel, the torsion spring is arranged on the hinge shaft in a penetrating mode, one end of the torsion spring is arranged on the fixed plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is arranged on the pushing frame to enable the pushing frame to reset;

the feeding conveying rail is horizontally arranged on the rack and is positioned below the chain transmission mechanism and the pushing mechanism, a guide groove serving as a crayfish moving channel is arranged on the feeding conveying rail, and concave-convex lines for enabling the tail part of the curled crayfish to pass through but not enabling the head part of the crayfish to pass through are further arranged on the feeding conveying rail;

the pushing frame is provided with a protruding part which can extend into the guide groove of the incoming material conveying rail so as to push the crayfish to move along the guide groove.

Preferably, the pushing frame further comprises a pushing frame guide rail, the pushing frame guide rail is mounted on the rack, the pushing frame guide rail is provided with a first guide surface and a second guide surface which are sequentially arranged along a moving path of the pushing frame, the first guide surface is used for enabling the pushing frame to rotate towards a first direction, the second guide surface is used for guiding the pushing frame to rotate towards a second direction opposite to the first direction so as to reset, and when the pushing frame deflects along the second direction to reset, the protruding portion moves from the upper oblique direction of the guide groove to enter the guide groove.

Preferably, a transition guide surface is further arranged between the first guide surface and the second guide surface of the push frame guide rail.

Preferably, the pushing frame comprises a pushing plate and a bearing piece, the pushing plate is fixedly installed on the fixing plate and provided with the protruding portion, and the bearing piece is installed on the pushing plate and is used for being in contact with the first guide surface and the second guide surface of the guide rail of the pushing frame.

Preferably, the driving sprocket is mounted on the frame through a driving rotating shaft, the driving rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the driving rotating shaft is connected with the driving motor through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism.

Preferably, the screening mechanism is provided with a plurality of screening mechanisms, the driving chain wheel of each screening mechanism is arranged on the driving rotating shaft, the driven chain wheel of each screening mechanism is arranged on a driven rotating shaft, and the driven rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rack.

Preferably, the pushing frame is provided with a through hole for catching the head of the crawfish to fix the crawfish.

Preferably, the incoming material conveying rail comprises a first guide rod, a second guide rod and a third guide rod which are arranged on the rack and are parallel to each other, the central lines of the first guide rod, the second guide rod and the third guide rod are all horizontally arranged and are respectively arranged on three side edges of a triangular prism, the central lines of the first guide rod and the second guide rod are on the same horizontal plane, the third guide rod is located below the first guide rod and is used for receiving crayfishes, the guide grooves are formed in spaces among the first guide rod, the second guide rod and the third guide rod, and the concave-convex grains are arranged on the first guide rod, the second guide rod and/or the third guide rod.

Preferably, the concave-convex texture is a thread.

Preferably, first guide arm and second guide arm are installed through first connecting block and second connecting block respectively in the frame, be provided with the rectangular hole of being convenient for adjust first guide arm and second guide arm interval respectively horizontally on first connecting block and the second connecting block, and every bolt-up device is installed respectively to rectangular hole department.

In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention adopts a mechanical transmission screening mode, completes the automatic removal or reversing action of the crayfish in the guide groove through the matching of the convex part and the concave-convex lines, and greatly improves the production efficiency in the screening operation process of the incoming materials of the crayfish heads and the crayfish tails through the combined mode of chain transmission and guide groove screening; meanwhile, the whole equipment only has a power unit of a driving motor, the actions of other parts are all actions of a full mechanical structure, the equipment is simple to use and maintain, the stability is high, the problem that the labor force is too intensive in the shrimp head and shrimp tail classification screening process in the shrimp food processing process is solved, and the automation process of the shrimp food processing industry can be greatly promoted.

2) The first guide surface on the guide rail of the pushing frame can enable the pushing frame to deflect firstly, then the second guide surface deflects and resets, the protruding part can move downwards while deflecting, and finally the protruding part completely enters the guide groove after resetting is completed, so that crayfishes can be pushed transversely from the side of the head of the crayfishes, the posture of the crayfishes can be adjusted further, and the crayfishes can be prevented from being crushed by the protruding part because the crayfishes do not directly enter the guide groove from the right upper side of the guide groove.

3) The distance between the first guide rod and the second guide rod of the incoming material conveying rail is adjustable, crayfishes of different sizes can pass through the guide groove smoothly, the automatic crayfish sorting device has the advantages of being flexible in adjustment and efficient in batch production, material clamping cannot be caused, and crayfishes of too large or too small sizes can automatically fall off from the material conveying rail, so that crayfishes of required sizes can be obtained, and the crayfishes of different sizes can be sorted conveniently.

Drawings

FIGS. 1-3 are a perspective view, a front view and a top view, respectively, of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the pushing mechanism of the present invention mounted on a chain;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the incoming material transfer rail of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the guide rail of the push frame of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a crayfish sorting device comprises a frame 1, a driving motor 2 and a screening mechanism 3, wherein the screening mechanism 3 comprises a chain transmission mechanism 4, a pushing mechanism 5, a pushing frame guide rail 6 and a feeding conveying rail 7, the frame 1 can be formed by splicing aluminum profiles, wherein,

the chain transmission mechanism 4 comprises a driving sprocket 41, a chain 42 and a driven sprocket 43, the central line of the driving sprocket 41 is arranged horizontally, the driving sprocket 41 and the driven sprocket 43 are respectively rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and are connected through the chain 42, and the driving sprocket 41 is connected with the driving motor 2 mounted on the frame 1; preferably, the driving sprocket 41 is mounted on the frame 1 through a driving rotating shaft 44, the driving rotating shaft 44 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and the driving rotating shaft 44 is connected with the driving motor 2 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism 8, furthermore, a plurality of screening mechanisms 3 are provided, and the driving sprocket 41 of each screening mechanism 3 is mounted on the driving rotating shaft 44, the driven sprocket 43 of each screening mechanism 3 is mounted on a driven rotating shaft 45, and the driven rotating shaft 45 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, so that all the chain transmission mechanisms 4 can be driven to work by using one driving motor 2 as a power source; specifically, the two ends of the driving rotating shaft 44 are provided with first belt seat bearings, the first belt seat bearings are installed on first belt seat bearing installation seats, the first belt seat bearing installation seats are fixed on the frame 1, the two ends of the driven rotating shaft 45 are provided with second belt seat bearings, the second belt seat bearings are installed on second belt seat bearing supports, and the second belt seat bearing supports are fixed on an upper-layer aluminum profile frame at the output end of the frame 1.

The pushing mechanism 5 comprises a fixed plate 51, a hinge shaft 52, a torsion spring and a pushing frame 53, wherein the fixed plate 51 is fixedly arranged on the chain 42, the pushing frame 53 is arranged on the fixed plate 51 through the hinge shaft 52, the pushing frame 53 can rotate around the center line of the hinge shaft 52, the center line of the hinge shaft 52 is perpendicular to the center line of the driving sprocket 41, the hinge shaft 52 is always kept perpendicular (spatially relatively perpendicular) to the center line of the driving sprocket 41 when the pushing mechanism 5 moves along with the chain 42, the torsion spring is arranged on the hinge shaft 52 in a penetrating manner, one end of the torsion spring is arranged on the fixed plate 51, the other end of the torsion spring is arranged on the pushing frame 53, and the torsion spring can reset the pushing frame 53 after the pushing frame 53 rotates around the hinge shaft 52.

The feeding conveying rail 7 is horizontally arranged on the frame 1 and is positioned below the chain transmission mechanism 4 and the pushing mechanism 5, a guide groove 71 serving as a crayfish moving channel is arranged on the feeding conveying rail 7, and concave-convex grains (not shown in the figure, the concave-convex grains can be arranged along the longitudinal length of the feeding conveying rail 7 and can also be arranged at one part of the feeding conveying rail 7) for enabling the tail of the curled crayfish to pass through but not enabling the head of the crayfish to pass through are further arranged on the feeding conveying rail 7; the incoming material conveying rail 7 may use a common rail as long as the middle of the rail is provided with a guide groove 71 and the inner wall of the rail is provided with a concave-convex pattern, or the incoming material conveying rail 7 may also preferably include a first guide rod 73, a second guide rod 74 and a third guide rod 75 which are installed on the frame 1 and are parallel to each other, the central lines of which are all horizontally arranged and are respectively arranged on three sides of a triangular prism, the central lines of the first guide rod 73 and the second guide rod 74 are on the same horizontal plane, the third guide rod 75 is positioned below the first guide rod 73 for receiving crayfish, the space between the first guide rod 73, the second guide rod 74 and the third guide rod 75 forms the guide groove 71, the concave-convex pattern is arranged on the first guide rod 73, the second guide rod 74 and/or the third guide rod 75, and in addition, the concave-convex pattern is preferably a thread, of course, it may be a pattern formed by knurling or other shapes as long as the friction force is increased. In addition, the first guide rod 73 and the second guide rod 74 are respectively installed on the frame 1 through a first connecting block 76 and a second connecting block, the first connecting block 76 and the second connecting block are respectively horizontally provided with long holes for conveniently adjusting the distance between the first guide rod 73 and the second guide rod 74, and a bolt fastening device is respectively installed at each of the long holes. And the distance between first guide arm 73 and the second guide arm 74 is adjustable, can let the crayfish of equidimension not pass through smoothly in guide way 71, possesses nimble regulation, and the characteristics of high-efficient production in batches can not cause the card material, also can let the crayfish of volume too big or too little drop from material conveying rail 7 voluntarily to obtain the crayfish of required size, be convenient for sort the crayfish of different volumes. In addition, a transition rod 72 is connected to one end of the first guide rod 73 corresponding to the crawfish outlet, and the end of the transition rod 72 far away from the first guide rod 73 is cut into an arc shape to adapt to the external conveyor belt arranged at the end, so that the crawfish can be smoothly transited to the external conveyor belt. Through the primary structure of three guide arms as supplied materials conveying rail 7, the clearance between them can also let the very little crayfish of volume drop away automatically to realize preliminary screening.

The pushing frame 53 is provided with a convex part 54 which can extend into the guide groove 71 of the incoming conveying rail 7 to push the crayfish to move along the guide groove 71, and the pushing frame 53 can push the crayfish in front of the pushing frame to move forwards when moving along with the chain 42 of the chain transmission mechanism 4, so that the crayfish is conveyed in the guide groove 71 of the incoming conveying rail 7; the crayfish swims by curling up the tail part and reversing, the tail part is small in resistance and the head part is large in resistance, so that before passing through the concave-convex grains on the incoming material conveying rail 7, if the tail part of the crayfish faces the concave-convex grains, the tail part can continue to move after passing through the concave-convex grains, and if the head part of the crayfish faces the concave-convex grains, the head part is large in friction resistance of the concave-convex grains, the crayfish is in the posture, after moving to the concave-convex grains, the head part is pushed by the lug boss 54 to fall off the incoming material conveying rail 7, or the tail part and the concave-convex grains are rotated for 180 degrees on the incoming material conveying rail 7, so that the crayfish can integrally pass through the concave-convex grains, namely the lug boss 54 is matched with the concave-convex grains to enable the crayfish to fall off or turn over for 180 degrees, thereby screening or turning off the crayfish, the tails of the crayfishes passing through the concave-convex lines in the incoming material conveying rail 7 face the same direction. The chain 42 runs in one turn and is able to transport crayfish in large quantities onto the outer conveyor.

The push frame guide rail 6 is mounted on the frame 1, the push frame guide rail 6 has a first guide surface 61 and a second guide surface 62 sequentially arranged along a moving path of the push frame 53, the first guide surface 61 is used for enabling the push frame 53 to rotate towards a first direction, the second guide surface 62 is used for guiding the push frame 53 to rotate towards a second direction opposite to the first direction for resetting, and when the push frame 53 deflects along the second direction for resetting, the protruding part 54 moves from the upper oblique direction of the guide groove 71 to enter the guide groove 71. In addition, a transition guide surface 63 is further disposed between the first guide surface 61 and the second guide surface 62 of the pushing frame guide rail 6, and the transition guide surface 63 may be a rounded corner connecting the first guide surface 61 and the second guide surface 62 to realize a smooth transition, or may be a section of a plane parallel to the moving direction of the pushing frame 53 to keep the pushing frame 53 in a posture after rotating towards the first direction. The first guide surface 61 can enable the pushing frame 53 to deflect firstly, and can leave a part of space to arrange other parts on the rack 1 after deflection, so that the pushing frame 53 is prevented from interfering with the arranged other parts, namely, the effect of avoiding the other parts can be achieved, and if the distance needing to be avoided is long, the state can be kept through the transition guide surface 63; further, the second guide surface 62 is returned by deflecting the push frame 53 deflected by the first guide surface 61 again, and the moving locus of the projection 54 can be moved downward into the guide groove 71 while rotating from obliquely above the guide groove 71, that is, moved into the guide groove 71 from the side of the guide groove 71 and the crawfish, whereby the posture of the crawfish can be adjusted slightly to be aligned in the guide groove 71, and the projection 54 is prevented from directly entering the guide groove 71 from directly above the guide groove 71 to crush the crawfish. Preferably, the pushing frame 53 includes a pushing plate 531 and a bearing member 532, the pushing plate 531 is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 51, the pushing plate 531 has the protruding portion 54, the bearing member 532 is mounted on the pushing plate 531 for contacting with the first guide surface 61 and the second guide surface 62 of the pushing frame guide rail 6, and the bearing member 532 is relatively wear-resistant and has a long service life. In addition, the pushing frame further comprises a hinge and a cushion block, the hinge is hinged to the fixing plate 51 through a hinge shaft 52, the pushing plate 531 is fixedly connected with the hinge, and the cushion block is further arranged between the hinge and the pushing plate 531.

Further, the pushing frame 53 is provided with a through hole 55 for catching the head of the crawfish to fix the crawfish, so that the crawfish can be further prevented from falling off the feeding conveying rail 7 when pushing the crawfish.

Further, a plurality of pushing mechanisms 5 are arranged on the chain 42, the distance between the pushing mechanisms 5 on the chain 42 can be set according to the size of the crayfish to be screened, and the plurality of pushing mechanisms 5 work together to effectively improve the screening efficiency.

Further, the push frame guide rail 6 includes a guide mounting plate mounted on the frame 1, and a first guide block and a second guide block mounted on the guide mounting plate together, one end of the first guide block is connected to one end of the second guide block, the first guide block is in a horizontal straight bar shape, and one end of the first guide block remote from the second guide block is cut into an oblique angle so as to form the first guide surface 61, so that the push frame 53 is deflected around the center line of the hinge shaft 52 when the push frame 53 moves along the chain 42, the second guide block is in an arc shape, and one end of the second guide block close to the first guide block is connected to the first guide block in a tangent manner, and one end of the second guide block remote from the first guide block is also cut into an oblique angle so as to form the second guide surface 62, so that the push frame 53 moves from the oblique upper side of the guide groove 71 into the guide groove 71 while being deflected, the guide mounting plate is fixed on the upper aluminum profile frame on the output end of the frame 1, a transition guide surface 63 is provided on the first guide block; in addition, the arc-shaped second guide block is concentric with the driven rotating shaft 45, so that the pushing frame 53 can always contact with the second guide block when following the chain 42 to rotate on the periphery of the driven sprocket 43, and cannot fall off from the second guide block.

During operation, let the crayfish fall in the guide way 71 of supplied materials transfer rail 7 through outside loading attachment (such as shale shaker, material loading manipulator etc.), then through the cooperation of the concave-convex line on bellying 54 on the pushing frame 53 and the supplied materials transfer rail 7, can let the afterbody pass through concave-convex line towards the crayfish of concave-convex line and the head towards the crayfish of concave-convex line can't pass through concave-convex line (or drop from the material transfer rail 7 and carry out automatic rejection by bellying 54 and concave-convex line cooperation extrusion, thereby perhaps just overturn 180 back afterbody and the friction of concave-convex line pass through concave-convex line), and the interval of first guide arm 73 and second guide arm 74 is adjustable, thereby can sort the crayfish, obtain the crayfish of required size. After the crayfishes sequenced in the same direction are conveyed to the external conveying belt, the crayfishes can be clamped conveniently and quickly by the clamp, the posture of the clamp does not need to be adjusted frequently basically, so that the working efficiency can be effectively improved, and the crayfishes can be processed conveniently after the crayfishes are separated from the crayfishes.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The crayfish sorting equipment is characterized by comprising a rack, a driving motor and a screening mechanism, wherein the screening mechanism comprises a chain transmission mechanism, a pushing mechanism and an incoming material conveying rail,

2. The crayfish sorting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a pusher guide rail mounted on the frame, the pusher guide rail having a first guide surface and a second guide surface arranged in this order along a moving path of the pusher, the first guide surface being for allowing the pusher to rotate in a first direction, the second guide surface being for guiding the pusher to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction for returning, and the projection moving from an obliquely upper side of the guide groove into the guide groove when the pusher is deflected in the second direction for returning.

3. A crawfish sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that a transitional guide surface is further arranged between the first guide surface and the second guide surface of the pusher carriage guide rail.

4. A crayfish sorting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the push rack includes a push plate fixedly mounted on the fixed plate and having the projection, and a bearing member mounted on the push plate for contact with the first and second guide surfaces of the push rack guide rail.

5. The crawfish sorting device of claim 1, wherein the driving sprocket is mounted on the frame by a driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the driving shaft is connected to the driving motor by a synchronous belt transmission mechanism.

6. The crayfish sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the plurality of the screening mechanisms are provided, and the drive sprocket of each of the screening mechanisms is mounted on the drive shaft, and the driven sprocket of each of the screening mechanisms is mounted on a driven shaft and the driven shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame.

7. Crawfish sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the pushing frame is provided with a through hole for catching the head of the crawfish to fix the crawfish.

8. The crayfish sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incoming material conveying rail includes a first guide bar, a second guide bar and a third guide bar which are installed on the frame and are parallel to each other, the center lines of which are horizontally disposed and which are respectively disposed on three sides of a triangular prism, the center lines of the first guide bar and the second guide bar are on the same horizontal plane, the third guide bar is located below the first guide bar to receive the crayfish, the spaces between the first guide bar, the second guide bar and the third guide bar form the guide grooves, and the concave-convex patterns are disposed on the first guide bar, the second guide bar and/or the third guide bar.

9. The crawfish sorting device of claim 8, wherein the embossing is a thread.

10. The crayfish sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first guide bar and the second guide bar are respectively mounted on the frame through a first connecting block and a second connecting block, the first connecting block and the second connecting block are respectively provided with a plurality of elongated holes horizontally for adjusting the distance between the first guide bar and the second guide bar, and a bolt fastening device is respectively mounted at each of the elongated holes.