CN110915999A - Ruminant stress feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ruminant stress feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ruminant stress feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ruminant stress feed comprises stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, baking soda, magnesium oxide, a fungal enzyme preparation, an anti-stress agent, corn, cottonseed meal, DDGS, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and a flavoring agent. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material treatment, mixing, granulation and classification. The invention uses the bacterial enzyme preparation to enhance the digestion capability of the rumen of the ruminant, thereby enhancing the absorption of the ruminant to nutrient substances, activating immunocompetent cells, enhancing the immunity of the organism and promoting the fattening; the anti-stress agent is used in combination to improve the immunity of the ruminant so as to enhance the anti-stress capability of the ruminant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a ruminant stress feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the sustainable development of the social economy of China and the continuous improvement of the living standard of the masses require animal husbandry to provide more abundant and high-quality animal source food, the demand promotes the rapid development of the production of beef and mutton and the milk industry, and correspondingly drives the rapid development of ruminant feed. With the expansion of the material demand of people, the breeding scale of ruminants is also expanded, and when the ruminants in local farms are stressed, more ruminants must be mobilized from other places to meet the breeding demand.
But when a large number of ruminants are purchased from different places, the multiple infectious diseases are easily brought in. When ruminants are purchased in different places, stress caused by changes in climate, environment and feed, particularly stress caused by long-distance transportation, can easily induce outbreaks of some diseases. Transportation stress syndrome, namely, the resistance of the body is reduced due to a plurality of stressors (such as heat, cold, wind, rain, hunger, thirst, extrusion, scaring, bump, group, seasoning, physical strength consumption, environmental change, latent diseases and the like) caused by long-distance transportation, pathogenic microorganisms (such as mycoplasma, pasteurella, escherichia coli and the like) enter while being deficient, and the syndrome of respiratory tract, digestive tract and even whole body pathological reactions (such as body temperature rise, mental depression, appetite reduction, rough and disordered hair, cough, asthma, rhinorrhea or purulent nasal fluid, diarrhea, bloody stool, arthritis, conjunctivitis, emaciation and even exhaustion death) is caused. After being transported, the immunity of the ruminant is reduced, so that the ruminant is easy to cause disease outbreak, has inappetence and continuous weight loss due to transport stress, can be recovered to be normal after being transported for a certain time, and is greatly not beneficial to the fattening of the ruminant.
At present, stress on ruminants is usually achieved by creating a good living environment for the ruminants or injecting some antibiotics before or during transportation, the former consumes too high manpower and material resources and has a single effect, the stress problem of the ruminants cannot be fundamentally solved, and the latter easily generates medicine residues in animal bodies and has certain adverse effects on the ruminants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a stress feed for ruminants and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a stress feed for ruminants comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of mountain flour, 3-7 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 4-8 parts of sodium chloride, 2-6 parts of potassium chloride, 5-9 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of a microbial enzyme preparation, 1-5 parts of an anti-stress agent, 420-500 parts of corn, 60-80 parts of cottonseed meal, 90-110 parts of DDGS, 90-110 parts of bran, 110-130 parts of soybean meal, 90-110 parts of corn bran and 0.3-0.5 part of a flavoring agent.
Preferably, the bacterial enzyme preparation comprises a complex enzyme preparation and a complex bacterial preparation; the weight ratio of the complex enzyme preparation to the complex bacteria preparation is 7: 3.
Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase; the weight ratio of the cellulase to the xylanase to the coating protease to the amylase is 4:5:3: 6.
Preferably, the compound bacterial preparation comprises lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis; the weight ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the yeast to the bacillus subtilis is 5:5: 4.
Preferably, the anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid and chromium yeast; the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin E, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the yeast chromium is 10:5:4: 0.001.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ruminant stress feed, which comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material treatment
Mixing and crushing weighed corn, cottonseed meal, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) into 10-mesh particles to obtain a mixed main material; mixing weighed stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, a bacterium enzyme preparation, an anti-stress agent and a flavoring agent, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than 10 meshes to obtain mixed auxiliary materials;
s2, mixing
Mixing the mixed main material obtained in the step S1 with the mixed auxiliary material to obtain a mixed material;
s3, granulating
Feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and cooling to obtain semi-finished feed particles;
s4, grading:
screening the semi-finished feed particles according to the standard particle size; crushing the particles with the particle size larger than the standard particle size and then carrying out secondary screening; crushing the particles with the particle size smaller than the standard particle size to 10 meshes, and returning to the step S3; the granules with the same standard grain size are the finished feed product.
Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, fungal enzyme preparation, anti-stress agent and flavoring agent during the pulverization process is controlled below 40 ℃.
The invention has the following function principle:
the stress feed for the ruminants comprises stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, baking soda, magnesium oxide, a microbial enzyme preparation, an anti-stress agent, corn, cottonseed meal, DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), bran, soybean meal, corn bran and a flavoring agent. Wherein the corn, the cottonseed meal, the DDGS, the bran, the soybean meal and the corn bran are used as main materials of the feed to provide nutrition for the ruminant. The stone powder is a main calcium source material and provides calcium element for ruminants. Calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium oxide respectively provide trace elements for the ruminant, and the intake of the trace elements can adjust the balance of osmotic pressure in the ruminant body; the baking soda can regulate the acid-base balance in the body of the ruminant.
The bacterial enzyme preparation comprises complex enzyme preparation and complex bacterial preparation; the complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase. The complex enzyme preparation is equivalent to added exogenous enzyme, can assist in digesting substances such as cellulose, starch, protein and the like in the feed, improves the self-made absorption of nutrients by the ruminant and enables the weight of the ruminant to be increased as soon as possible. The coated protease is used to allow the coated protease to be delivered to the small intestine for the breakdown and absorption of proteins.
The compound bacteria preparation comprises lactobacillus, yeast and Bacillus subtilis. Lactic acid bacteria and bacillus subtilis can generate primary metabolites with low molecular weight, such as organic acids like acetic acid and lactic acid, a plurality of vitamins and growth promotion factors, and have inhibiting effect on pathogenic bacteria, and can activate immunocompetent cells and enhance the immunity of organisms. The addition of yeast can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the propagation of pathogenic bacteria.
The anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and chromium yeast. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an inhibitory transmission substance of the central nervous system, and has the functions of reducing the activity of neurons, preventing nerve cells from being overheated and effectively reducing stress response. The yeast chromium is organic chromium, and the chromium element can effectively regulate the immunity of the turned animals. The vitamin C and the vitamin E belong to vitamins, and can improve the immunity of the ruminant to enhance the anti-stress capability of the ruminant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the bacterial enzyme preparation to enhance the digestion capability of the rumen of the ruminant, thereby enhancing the absorption of the ruminant to nutrient substances, activating immunocompetent cells, enhancing the immunity of the organism and promoting the fattening; the anti-stress agent is used in combination to improve the immunity of the ruminant so as to enhance the anti-stress capability of the ruminant.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
A stress feed for ruminants comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
20 parts of stone powder, 5 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 6 parts of sodium chloride, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 7 parts of baking soda, 3 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.7 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.3 part of complex bacteria preparation, 5 parts of anti-stress agent, 460 parts of corn, 70 parts of cottonseed meal, 100 parts of DDGS, 100 parts of bran, 120 parts of soybean meal, 100 parts of corn bran and 0.5 part of flavoring agent.
The complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase; the weight ratio of the cellulase to the xylanase to the coating protease to the amylase is 4:5:3: 6.
The compound bacteria preparation comprises lactobacillus, yeast and Bacillus subtilis; the weight ratio of the lactobacillus to the saccharomycetes to the bacillus subtilis is 5:5: 4.
The anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid and chromium yeast, wherein the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin E, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the chromium yeast is 10:5:4: 0.001.
A preparation method of stress feed for ruminants comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material treatment
Mixing and crushing weighed corn, cottonseed meal, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) into 10-mesh particles to obtain a mixed main material; mixing weighed stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, a complex enzyme preparation, a complex bacteria preparation, an anti-stress agent and a flavoring agent, and then crushing into particles with the particle size of less than 10 meshes, wherein the temperature in the crushing process is controlled at 35 ℃ to obtain mixed auxiliary materials;
s2, mixing
Mixing the mixed main material obtained in the step S1 with the mixed auxiliary material to obtain a mixed material;
s3, granulating
Feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and cooling to obtain semi-finished feed particles;
s4, grading:
screening the semi-finished feed particles according to the standard particle size; crushing the particles with the particle size larger than the standard particle size and then carrying out secondary screening; crushing the particles with the particle size smaller than the standard particle size to 10 meshes, and returning to the step S3; the granules with the same standard grain size are the finished feed product.
Example 2
A stress feed for ruminants comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
15 parts of stone powder, 7 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 4 parts of sodium chloride, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of baking soda, 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.35 part of complex enzyme preparation, 0.15 part of complex bacteria preparation, 3 parts of anti-stress agent, 420 parts of corn, 80 parts of cottonseed meal, 90 parts of DDGS, 110 parts of bran, 110 parts of soybean meal, 110 parts of corn bran and 0.3 part of flavoring agent.
The complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase; the weight ratio of the cellulase to the xylanase to the coating protease to the amylase is 4:5:3: 6.
The compound bacteria preparation comprises lactobacillus, yeast and Bacillus subtilis; the weight ratio of the lactobacillus to the saccharomycetes to the bacillus subtilis is 5:5: 4.
The anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid and chromium yeast, wherein the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin E, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the chromium yeast is 10:5:4: 0.001.
A preparation method of stress feed for ruminants comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material treatment
Mixing and crushing weighed corn, cottonseed meal, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) into 10-mesh particles to obtain a mixed main material; mixing weighed stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, a complex enzyme preparation, a complex bacteria preparation, an anti-stress agent and a flavoring agent, and then crushing into particles with the particle size of less than 10 meshes, wherein the temperature in the crushing process is controlled at 30 ℃ to obtain mixed auxiliary materials;
s2, mixing
Mixing the mixed main material obtained in the step S1 with the mixed auxiliary material to obtain a mixed material;
s3, granulating
Feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and cooling to obtain semi-finished feed particles;
s4, grading:
screening the semi-finished feed particles according to the standard particle size; crushing the particles with the particle size larger than the standard particle size and then carrying out secondary screening; crushing the particles with the particle size smaller than the standard particle size to 10 meshes, and returning to the step S3; the granules with the same standard grain size are the finished feed product.
Example 3
A stress feed for ruminants comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
25 parts of stone powder, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 8 parts of sodium chloride, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 9 parts of baking soda, 1 part of magnesium oxide, 1.05 parts of a complex enzyme preparation, 0.45 part of a complex bacteria preparation, 1 part of an anti-stress agent, 500 parts of corn, 60 parts of cottonseed meal, 110 parts of DDGS, 90 parts of bran, 130 parts of soybean meal, 90 parts of corn bran and 0.4 part of a flavoring agent.
The complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase; the weight ratio of the cellulase to the xylanase to the coating protease to the amylase is 4:5:3: 6.
The compound bacteria preparation comprises lactobacillus, yeast and Bacillus subtilis; the weight ratio of the lactobacillus to the saccharomycetes to the bacillus subtilis is 5:5: 4.
The anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid and chromium yeast, wherein the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin E, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the chromium yeast is 10:5:4: 0.001.
A preparation method of stress feed for ruminants comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material treatment
Mixing and crushing weighed corn, cottonseed meal, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) into 10-mesh particles to obtain a mixed main material; mixing weighed stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, a complex enzyme preparation, a complex bacteria preparation, an anti-stress agent and a flavoring agent, and then crushing into particles with the particle size of less than 10 meshes, wherein the temperature in the crushing process is controlled to be below 40 ℃ to obtain mixed auxiliary materials;
s2, mixing
Mixing the mixed main material obtained in the step S1 with the mixed auxiliary material to obtain a mixed material;
s3, granulating
Feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and cooling to obtain semi-finished feed particles;
s4, grading:
screening the semi-finished feed particles according to the standard particle size; crushing the particles with the particle size larger than the standard particle size and then carrying out secondary screening; crushing the particles with the particle size smaller than the standard particle size to 10 meshes, and returning to the step S3; the granules with the same standard grain size are the finished feed product.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A stress feed for ruminants, which is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of mountain flour, 3-7 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 4-8 parts of sodium chloride, 2-6 parts of potassium chloride, 5-9 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 1-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of a microbial enzyme preparation, 1-5 parts of an anti-stress agent, 420-500 parts of corn, 60-80 parts of cottonseed meal, 90-110 parts of DDGS, 90-110 parts of bran, 110-130 parts of soybean meal, 90-110 parts of corn bran and 0.3-0.5 part of a flavoring agent.
2. The ruminant stress feed of claim 1, wherein: the bacterium enzyme preparation comprises a compound enzyme preparation and a compound bacterium preparation; the weight ratio of the complex enzyme preparation to the complex bacteria preparation is 7: 3.
3. The ruminant stress feed of claim 2, wherein: the compound enzyme preparation comprises cellulase, xylanase, coating protease and amylase; the weight ratio of the cellulase to the xylanase to the coating protease to the amylase is 4:5:3: 6.
4. The ruminant stress feed of claim 2, wherein: the compound bacteria preparation comprises lactobacillus, yeast and bacillus subtilis; the weight ratio of the lactic acid bacteria to the yeast to the bacillus subtilis is 5:5: 4.
5. The ruminant stress feed of claim 1, wherein: the anti-stress agent comprises vitamin C, vitamin E, gamma-aminobutyric acid and chromium yeast; the weight ratio of the vitamin C, the vitamin E, the gamma-aminobutyric acid and the yeast chromium is 10:5:4: 0.001.
6. The method for preparing a stress feed for ruminants according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stress feed comprises: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, raw material treatment
Mixing and crushing weighed corn, cottonseed meal, bran, soybean meal, corn bran and DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) into 10-mesh particles to obtain a mixed main material; mixing weighed stone powder, calcium hydrophosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, a bacterium enzyme preparation, an anti-stress agent and a flavoring agent, and crushing into particles with the particle size of less than 10 meshes to obtain mixed auxiliary materials;
s2, mixing
Mixing the mixed main material obtained in the step S1 with the mixed auxiliary material to obtain a mixed material;
s3, granulating
Feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation, and cooling to obtain semi-finished feed particles;
s4, grading
Screening the semi-finished feed particles according to the standard particle size; crushing the particles with the particle size larger than the standard particle size and then carrying out secondary screening; crushing the particles with the particle size smaller than the standard particle size to 10 meshes, and returning to the step S3; the granules with the same standard grain size are the finished feed product.
7. The method for preparing stress feed for ruminants according to claim 6, wherein the stress feed comprises the following components: in the step S1, the temperature of the stone powder, the calcium hydrophosphate, the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride, the baking soda, the magnesium oxide, the bacterial enzyme preparation, the anti-stress agent and the flavoring agent in the crushing process is controlled below 40 ℃.
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| CN111642618A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-11 | 天津九州大地饲料有限公司 | Ruminant fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111903852A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2020-11-10 | 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Feed additive for promoting production performance of ruminants and application thereof |
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