CN110902967A - Wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane biological reaction - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane biological reaction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction are disclosed, wherein the treatment method comprises the steps of carrying out magnetic coagulation reaction on wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater; and (3) performing biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to reach the standard, and finishing the wastewater treatment. The magnetic coagulation device provided by the invention can be particularly innovated aiming at a high-solid-content and high-concentration wastewater pretreatment method, and the magnetic seed addition effectively improves the structure and density of flocs, improves the precipitation performance of the flocs and strengthens the coagulation treatment effect; the magnetic coagulation method adopted by the invention can effectively reduce the suspended solid content, COD concentration and total phosphorus concentration of the high-solid-content high-concentration wastewater, and reduce the load of the subsequent biological treatment unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction.
Background
The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen, low carbon nitrogen ratio, high suspended matter, complex components and the like, is difficult to treat, and can worsen the environment and even harm the human health if being treated improperly.
The livestock and poultry breeding wastewater comprises pig urine, pig manure, feed powder, piggery washing water, production water and the like, wherein the total solid content (TS) and suspended solid content (SS) of the wastewater are up to thousands or even tens of thousands due to solid pollutants such as the feed powder, the pig manure and the like. These solid substances are hardly degraded in the biochemical treatment system and interfere with the biochemical treatment process, so it is necessary to separate the solid substances in the wastewater as much as possible before the wastewater enters the biochemical treatment unit.
In the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater biological treatment unit, biological whole-course denitrification is the mainstream denitrification method for sewage treatment adopted at present. In the process of treating wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, oxygen and carbon sources required in the nitrification and denitrification processes generate higher operation cost. Compared with the whole-course biological denitrification process, the short-range biological denitrification process can theoretically save 25% of aeration amount, 40% of external carbon source and reduce the biological increment by 40%. Studies have shown that, in SBR (sequencing batch reactor) reactors, NH is present4 +-N (Ammonia Nitrogen), NO2 --N (nitrite) and NO3 -The concentration of N (nitrate nitrogen) has good correlation with the change rule of ORP (oxidation reduction potential), DO (dissolved oxygen) and pH real-time detection curves. Because the real-time curve reproducibility and stability of ORP and pH are high, the complete denitrification of the system is indicated by a nitrate knee point on an ORP curve and a nitrate vertex on a pH curve in the running process of the biological denitrification process of the wastewater; and the end of the nitrosation reaction of the system is indicated by a 'ammonia valley point' on the pH curve, so that the aeration is stopped in time to promote NO2 --accumulation of N.
In the above research, although the biological treatment unit can achieve a good denitrification effect by using short-range denitrification, the efficiency of the biological treatment process is affected due to the fact that the influent water has high-concentration suspended matters, so that COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal does not reach the standard, effluent water quality is unstable, and the like. Therefore, aiming at the pretreatment of high-concentration wastewater to remove higher-concentration suspended matters so as to improve the biological treatment load of the wastewater and achieve the requirement of stable effluent quality, the development of a combined treatment process combining the solid-liquid efficient separation and the biological process of the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, one of the main objectives of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment system based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wastewater treatment method based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction, comprising:
performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater;
and (3) performing short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to reach the standard, and finishing the wastewater treatment.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a wastewater treatment system including:
the magnetic coagulation device is used for performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater; and
the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device is used for carrying out short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to obtain standard wastewater.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the wastewater treatment method and the wastewater treatment system based on the sequencing batch membrane bioreaction have at least one of the following advantages:
1. the magnetic coagulation device provided by the invention can be particularly innovated aiming at a high-solid-content and high-concentration wastewater pretreatment method, and the magnetic seed addition effectively improves the structure and density of flocs, improves the precipitation performance of the flocs and strengthens the coagulation treatment effect;
2. the magnetic coagulation method adopted by the invention can effectively reduce the suspended solid content, COD concentration and total phosphorus concentration of the high-solid-content high-concentration wastewater, and reduce the load of a subsequent biological treatment unit;
3. SMBR (sequencing batch membrane bioreactor) adopts a sequencing batch pH probe to monitor the ammoxidation process in an aerobic stage on line, utilizes the change value of pH unit time to judge the maximum accumulation time (dpH/dt is 0) of nitrite, optimizes the aeration time to save aeration amount and reduce the sewage treatment cost ratio;
4. the invention adopts the ORP probe to monitor the denitrification reaction process in the anoxic stage on line, and utilizes the unit time change value of ORP as the judgment basis of the denitrification process (dORP/dt < the set value), thereby saving the reaction time, improving the treatment load and reducing the sewage treatment cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the above figures, the reference numerals have the following meanings:
100-a water inlet tank; 200-a magnetic coagulation device; 201-a first stirrer; 300-adjusting the water tank; 400-a reactor; 401-water inlet pump; 402-an aerated sand table; 403-aeration pump; 404-an air flow meter; 405-DO probe; 406-pH probe; 407-ORP probe; 408-a membrane module; 409-membrane aeration pump; 410-a second agitator; 500-water outlet tank; 501-water outlet pump; 600-an integrated circuit box; 601-digital touchpad.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a wastewater treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater;
and (3) performing short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to reach the standard, and finishing the wastewater treatment.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic coagulation reaction step specifically includes:
and adding a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid into the wastewater, stirring, and standing for precipitation to obtain the first wastewater.
In some embodiments of the invention, the flocculant is added in an amount of 1 to 6 g/L;
in some embodiments of the invention, the coagulant aid is added in an amount of 1 to 8 mg/L;
in some embodiments of the invention, the flocculant comprises at least one of polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, polyferric sulfate;
in some embodiments of the invention, the coagulant aid comprises at least one of polyacrylamide, activated silicic acid, lime;
in some embodiments of the invention, the standing settling time is from 10 to 30 minutes;
in some embodiments of the invention, the agitation is performed by a method comprising adding a magnetic seed to the wastewater;
in some embodiments of the invention, the amount of the magnetic seed added is 0.5 to 2 g/L;
in some embodiments of the invention, the magnetic species comprises magnetite.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reaction temperature of the shortcut biological denitrification reaction is 25 to 35 ℃;
in some embodiments of the invention, the pH of the shortcut biological denitrification reaction is 7.2 to 8.0;
in some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the sludge in the shortcut biological denitrification reaction is 6 to 10g/L, and the nitrogen load in the sludge is 0.25 to 0.7 kgN/(m)3d)；
In some embodiments of the invention, the shortcut biological denitrification reaction comprises: and filtering the first wastewater through a short-range denitrification reaction and a short-range nitration reaction of a bioreactor to obtain standard wastewater.
In some embodiments of the invention, aeration is provided during the short-cut nitrification reaction;
in some embodiments of the invention, the aeration flow rate is 0.5 to 10L/min;
in some embodiments of the present invention, when the redox electrode value of the first wastewater is less than-5, the shortcut denitrification reaction is judged to be completed;
in some embodiments of the present invention, aeration is stopped after a trough point appears on the continuous pH detection curve of the first wastewater.
In some embodiments of the invention, the wastewater comprises livestock breeding wastewater, landfill leachate;
in some embodiments of the invention, the wastewater has a chemical oxygen demand of 5000 to 15000mg/L, a biochemical oxygen demand of 2500 to 8400mg/L, NH4 +-N is 400 to 2000 mg/L;
in some embodiments of the invention, the short-range biological denitrification reaction is effected in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the second wastewater enters the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor in a sequencing batch process;
in some embodiments of the invention, the magnetic coagulation reaction is effected in a magnetic coagulation device;
in some embodiments of the invention, the wastewater enters the magnetic coagulation device in a sequencing batch process.
The invention also discloses a wastewater treatment system for implementing the wastewater treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
the magnetic coagulation device is used for performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater; and
the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device is used for carrying out short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to obtain standard wastewater.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor comprises:
a reactor in which a shortcut biological denitrification reaction is performed;
a membrane separation unit for separating the second wastewater after the short-range biological denitrification reaction; and
and the real-time control unit is used for monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential value, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen amount in the reactor in real time and controlling the reaction to be carried out or stopped according to the detection values.
In some embodiments of the invention, the real-time control unit comprises a probe, an integrated circuit box and a digital touch pad;
in some embodiments of the invention, the probe comprises an ORP probe, a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe;
in some embodiments of the present invention, a second stirring unit is provided on the reactor;
in some embodiments of the invention, the membrane separation unit is provided with a membrane aeration pump for reducing membrane fouling;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the membrane aeration pump has an aeration flow rate of 5 to 15L/min and an input flow rate of 0.3 to 1L/min.
In some embodiments of the invention, the membrane separation unit is disposed at an inner sidewall of the reactor;
in some embodiments of the invention, the membrane separation unit comprises a membrane module.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor further comprises a water inlet unit for the first wastewater to enter the reactor;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor further comprises an aeration unit for aeration of the reactor;
in some embodiments of the present invention, the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor further comprises a water outlet tank for storing wastewater reaching the standard, the water outlet tank is connected with the water outlet of the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor;
in some embodiments of the invention, the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pump;
in some embodiments of the invention, the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump, a gas flow meter and an aeration sand disc; the aeration sand disc is arranged in the reactor;
in some embodiments of the invention, the wastewater treatment system further comprises a regulating water tank for realizing batch water inlet in the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor, and the regulating water tank is connected with the magnetic coagulation device and the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor;
in some embodiments of the invention, the wastewater treatment system further comprises a water inlet tank for storing wastewater, the water inlet tank being connected to the magnetic coagulation device water inlet;
in some embodiments of the present invention, a first stirring unit is provided in the magnetic coagulation apparatus.
In one exemplary embodiment, the wastewater treatment method based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction of the present invention comprises the steps of: wastewater to be treated enters a magnetic coagulation device through a water inlet guide pipe in a sequencing batch manner to carry out magnetic coagulation reaction; wastewater after magnetic coagulation pretreatment enters an intermediate regulating water tank through a water outlet pipe in a sequencing batch manner; then the pretreated wastewater enters an SMBR reactor in a sequencing batch mode through a water inlet pump and is stirred; under the action of a water inlet carbon source, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into sub-state nitrogen, and the sub-state nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen; starting the aeration unit, oxidizing ammoniacal nitrogen and organic matters in the wastewater, oxidizing the ammoniacal nitrogen into sub-nitrogen, and oxidizing the sub-nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen; and (3) starting a water outlet pump 60-120min after the start of an aerobic stage (namely denitrification reaction), discharging the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity after filtering the wastewater by a membrane in a membrane component, sequentially closing the water outlet pump and an aeration pump, and finally discharging the wastewater reaching the standard after treatment into a water outlet tank. The invention combines the magnetic coagulation technology with the short-range biological demonomerization technology, and has the characteristics of stable effluent quality, high biological treatment load and the like.
In another exemplary embodiment, the wastewater treatment apparatus based on sequencing batch membrane bioreaction of the present invention includes a magnetic coagulation apparatus, an intermediate conditioning water tank, and a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor. The main treatment object of the invention is high-concentration wastewater.
Wherein, the COD in the high-concentration wastewater is 5000-15000mg/L and BOD5(Biochemical oxygen demand) is 2500-4 +the-N (ammonia nitrogen) is 400-2000mg/L, and comprises but is not limited to livestock breeding wastewater and landfill leachate.
Wherein, the wastewater to be treated enters a magnetic coagulation device for magnetic coagulation, and the steps are as follows:
adding magnetic seeds into the organic wastewater to be treated, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
adding a flocculating agent, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
adding coagulant aid, and stirring rapidly for 5-30s and slowly for 1-2 min;
standing for precipitation, and draining to an intermediate water tank;
wherein the rapid stirring speed is 150-400r/min, and the slow stirring speed is 30-80 r/min.
Wherein, the magnetic seeds are magnetite.
Wherein the flocculating agent is polyaluminium chloride, and the coagulant aid is polyacrylamide.
Wherein the adding amount of the magnetic seeds is 0.5-2g/L, the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 1-6g/L, and the adding amount of the coagulant aid is 1-8 mg/L.
Wherein the standing and precipitating time is 10-30 min.
Wherein, still include the recovery of magnetic seed: and (4) stripping the sludge discharged after precipitation, and introducing the sludge into a magnetic drum for magnetic seed recovery.
Wherein, the wastewater (namely the first wastewater) after the magnetic coagulation reaction pretreatment enters an intermediate regulating water tank.
The sequencing batch membrane bioreactor comprises a water inlet unit, an aeration unit, a reaction unit, a membrane separation unit, a water outlet unit and a real-time control unit.
Wherein, the water of the middle regulating water tank enters the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor for short-range biological denitrification reaction treatment, and the steps are as follows:
a water inlet stage: starting a second stirrer, a water inlet pump and a membrane aeration unit, adopting a sequencing batch water inlet mode, inputting the high-concentration wastewater to be treated into the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor according to the designed treatment amount, and closing the water inlet pump;
anoxic stage (denitrification reaction occurs): under the full stirring action of the second stirrer, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrite nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen;
aerobic stage (nitrification reaction occurs): starting the aeration pump, oxidizing ammoniacal nitrogen and organic matters in the wastewater, wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrite nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen;
a drainage stage: and starting a water outlet pump 60-120min after the aerobic stage begins, filtering the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity by the membrane separation unit, discharging, and sequentially closing the water outlet pump and the aeration pump.
Wherein the reaction temperature of the short-cut nitrification and denitrification reaction (namely short-cut biological denitrification reaction) is 25 to 35 ℃; the pH value of the short-cut nitrification and denitrification reaction is 7.2 to 8.0; the sludge concentration is 6 to 10g/L, and the nitrogen load in the sludge is 0.25 to 0.7 kgN/(m)3d)；
And the real-time control unit is started in the whole process, and detects the electrode potential, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen in the high-concentration wastewater.
Wherein, the aeration flow rate of the membrane air pump can be 5-15L/min, the input flow rate can be 0.3-1L/min, and the designed treatment capacity can be 0.5-2L/period.
Wherein, the organic matter in the wastewater is used as a carbon source to provide electrons for the reduction of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the anoxic stage; in the anoxic stage, when the change value of the oxidation-reduction electrode potential of the wastewater along with time, namely dORP/dt, is less than-5, judging that denitrification is finished, delaying for 10-40 min, and then entering the aerobic stage;
wherein the aeration flow of the aeration pump can be 0.5-10L/min, ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the wastewater are oxidized, the ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen; in the aerobic stage, the aeration duration of the aerobic stage is controlled in real time according to a 'valley point' (dpH/dt is 0) on a pH continuous detection curve, namely, aeration is continuously carried out at a proper aeration flow rate, the aeration is stopped immediately after the 'valley point' appears on the pH continuous detection curve, and the oxidation of nitrite nitrogen is gradually reduced by optimizing the aeration time, so that the denitrification process is gradually changed from full-course nitrification-denitrification into short-course nitrification-denitrification, and the nitrosation rate can be continuously increased and finally reaches 80%.
Wherein the water outlet pump is used for intermittent suction and stops for 2-4 minutes every 8-10 minutes.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, the high-concentration wastewater treatment system of the present invention includes a water inlet tank, a magnetic coagulation apparatus, and an intermediate conditioning water tank.
The middle regulating tank is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is connected with a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SMBR); an aeration sand tray, a dissolved oxygen probe, an ORP probe, a pH probe, a second stirrer and a membrane separation unit are distributed in the SMBR, wherein membrane effluent is connected to an effluent tank through an effluent pipe; and a dissolved oxygen probe, an ORP probe and a pH probe in the SMBR are connected to the integrated circuit box, and corresponding values are displayed by the touch screen.
Wherein, a second stirrer is arranged above the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor, and the treatment steps are as follows:
adding magnetic seeds into the organic wastewater to be treated, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
adding a flocculating agent, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
adding coagulant aid, and stirring rapidly for 5-30s and slowly for 1-2 min;
standing for precipitation, and then draining water and mud;
the rapid stirring speed is 150-400r/min, and the slow stirring speed is 30-80 r/min;
the magnetic species is, for example, magnetite, the main component of which is Fe3O4The magnetic seeds can also be specific magnetic seeds prepared by hydrothermal, coprecipitation or other methods;
the flocculant may be polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and the coagulant aid may be Polyacrylamide (PAM).
The adding amount of the magnetic seeds is 0.5-2g/L, the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 0.5-5g/L, and the adding amount of the coagulant aid is 1-8 mg/L;
the standing and precipitating time is 10-30 min.
The pretreatment method of the organic wastewater further comprises the following steps of magnetic seed recovery: and (4) stripping the sludge discharged after precipitation, and introducing the sludge into a magnetic drum for magnetic seed recovery.
The sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device provided by the invention comprises a water inlet unit, an aeration unit, a reaction unit, a membrane separation unit and a water outlet unit;
the reaction unit comprises a reactor, and a second stirrer is arranged above the reactor;
the water inlet unit comprises an intermediate regulating water tank, and the intermediate regulating water tank is connected with the reactor through a water inlet pump;
the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump, a gas flow meter and an aeration sand table, and the aeration sand table is arranged in the reactor;
the membrane separation unit is a membrane module which is arranged in the reactor;
the water outlet unit comprises a water outlet tank, and a water outlet of the membrane component is connected with the water outlet tank through a water outlet pump.
In the operation process of the system, firstly, activated sludge is inoculated into the reactor; the wastewater after the magnetic coagulation reaction pretreatment is stored in the intermediate regulating water tank, and the pretreated wastewater is conveyed into the reactor under the action of the water inlet pump; when the aeration unit is in a closed state, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater are reduced into nitrogen (facultative or anaerobic phase); when the aeration unit is in an open state, the aeration unit can provide oxygen for the wastewater in the reactor, ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen under the action of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the sludge, and nitrite nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen under the action of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (aerobic stage); the treated wastewater is further purified after passing through the membrane separation unit and is discharged into the water outlet tank through the water outlet pump.
The wastewater treatment system also comprises a real-time control unit, and the implementation control unit comprises a probe, an integrated circuit box and a digital touch panel; the probes comprise a pH probe, an ORP probe and a dissolved oxygen DO probe which are all connected with the integrated circuit box, and the integrated circuit box and the digital touch pad are connected with the real-time control system; and recording and calculating real-time monitoring data of the pH probe, the ORP probe and the dissolved oxygen DO probe through the integrated circuit box and the digital touch control plate, so as to control the start and stop of the water inlet and outlet pump, the aeration unit and the second stirrer according to a set program and control the alternate running of each reaction in real time.
Wherein the aerator may be disposed at the bottom of the reactor to sufficiently aerate.
Wherein the membrane module can be arranged at the side wall of the reactor to avoid blocking the operation of a stirrer above the reactor and avoid the damage of the reactor and the stirrer;
the membrane assembly is a plate-and-frame membrane assembly, the plate-and-frame membrane assembly comprises 1-2 membrane units, and each membrane unit consists of two membranes; the membrane is made of polyvinylidene fluoride, the aperture is less than or equal to 0.1 mu m, and the effective area of each membrane unit is 0.5m2(ii) a The membrane module is characterized in that a membrane aeration pump is further arranged inside the membrane module and is sequentially connected with another air compressor and another gas flowmeter, and the membrane aeration pump is used for reducing pollution of the membrane and prolonging the service life of the membrane.
The invention further provides a method for treating wastewater, comprising the following steps:
inoculating activated sludge into the SMBR reactor, starting the stirrer, and repeatedly circulating the following steps (1) to (4):
(1) a water inlet stage: starting a second stirrer, a water inlet pump and a membrane aeration unit, wherein the aeration flow rate can be 5-15L/min, the water inlet adopts sequencing batch water inlet, the input flow rate can be 0.3-1L/min, the designed treatment capacity can be 0.5-2L/cycle, the wastewater to be treated is input into the reactor, and the water inlet pump is closed;
(2) and (3) hypoxia stage: under the full stirring action of the second stirrer, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrite nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen; the organic matters in the wastewater are used as a carbon source to provide electrons for the reduction of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the anoxic stage; in the anoxic stage, when the change value of the oxidation-reduction electrode potential of the wastewater along with time, namely dORP/dt, is less than-5, judging that denitrification is finished, and delaying for 10-40 min;
(3) an aerobic stage: starting an aeration pump, wherein the aeration flow of the aeration pump can be 0.5-10L/min, ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the wastewater are oxidized, the ammonia nitrogen is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen is oxidized into nitrate nitrogen; in the aerobic stage, the aeration duration of the aerobic stage is controlled in real time according to a 'valley point' (dpH/dt is 0) on a pH continuous detection curve, namely, aeration is continuously carried out at a proper aeration flow rate, the aeration is stopped immediately after the 'valley point' appears on the pH continuous detection curve, and the oxidation of nitrite nitrogen is gradually reduced by optimizing the aeration time, so that the denitrification process is gradually changed from full-course nitrification-denitrification into short-course nitrification-denitrification, and the nitrosation rate can be continuously increased and finally reaches 80%;
(4) a drainage stage: and starting the water outlet pump 60-120min after the aerobic stage starts, wherein the water outlet pump is intermittently pumped and stops for 2-4 min every 8-10 min, the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity is filtered by a membrane in the membrane module and then discharged, and the water outlet pump and the aeration pump are sequentially closed.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific examples are given by way of illustration only and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The test methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a process flow diagram of the method for treating organic wastewater is shown in fig. 1, and the specific operation process is as follows:
wastewater in the water inlet tank 100 to be treated enters the magnetic coagulation device 200 in a sequencing batch mode through the water inlet guide pipe for magnetic coagulation reaction, the wastewater after magnetic coagulation pretreatment enters the intermediate regulating water tank 300 in a sequencing batch mode through the water outlet pipe, the pretreated wastewater enters the SMBR reactor 400 in a sequencing batch mode through the water inlet pump 401 for short-range biological denitrification reaction, and finally the wastewater reaching the standard after treatment enters the water outlet tank 500 for standard discharge;
the water inlet tank 100 and the intermediate regulating water tank 300 are containers with covers;
the magnetic coagulation device 200 is a container with a cover, and a first stirrer 201 with adjustable rotating speed is arranged above the container:
the magnetic coagulation pretreatment method comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) adding magnetic seeds into the organic wastewater to be treated, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
(2) adding a flocculating agent, and quickly stirring for 1-2 min;
(3) adding coagulant aid, rapidly stirring for 5-30s, and slowly stirring for 1-2 min;
(4) finally, standing and precipitating, and then draining water and mud;
wherein the rapid stirring speed is 150-400r/min, and the slow stirring speed is 30-80 r/min.
The SMBR reaction device is a device for treating wastewater by utilizing a sequencing batch activated sludge process and a membrane separation technology, and comprises a water inlet unit, an aeration unit, a reaction unit, a membrane separation unit, a water outlet unit and a real-time control unit;
the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pump 401 and a water inlet pipe connected with the water inlet pump;
the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump 403 and a membrane aeration pump 409;
the reaction unit comprises a reactor 400 which is an open container, and a second stirrer 410 is arranged above the open container;
the membrane separation unit is a plate-and-frame type membrane assembly 408 arranged on the side wall of the SBR reactor 400, and consists of 1-2 flat membrane units and an external organic glass shell, the upper part and the lower part of the flat membrane units are communicated with external sewage, each flat membrane unit is obtained by fixing a flat membrane on a membrane frame, each membrane frame is provided with a water separation port, a water outlet communicated with each water separation port is arranged above the whole plate-and-frame type membrane assembly, the bottom of the organic glass shell is provided with a microporous tubular aerator which is connected with a membrane aeration pump 409 and is used for washing the membrane in the plate-and-frame type membrane assembly, so that the membrane pollution is reduced;
the water outlet unit comprises a water outlet tank 500, the water outlet tank 500 is connected with the water outlet of the plate-and-frame membrane module 408 through a water outlet pump 501 for pumping and draining (mixed liquid permeates through the surface of the flat membrane), and sewage subjected to membrane separation is pumped into the water outlet tank 500;
the real-time control unit comprises a DO probe 405, a pH probe 406 and an ORP probe 407, the three probes are inserted into the wastewater in the reactor 400 when in use and are respectively connected with the integrated circuit box 600, the integrated circuit box 600 is connected with the digital touch panel 601, the water inlet and outlet pump 501, the holding system and the second stirrer 410 are controlled to start and stop according to a set program, and therefore the reaction units are controlled to be alternately carried out in real time.
The specific steps of the SMBR reactor for treating wastewater are as follows:
(1) a water inlet stage: starting a second stirrer 410, a water inlet pump 401 and a membrane aeration pump 409, wherein the aeration flow rate can be 5-15L/min, the water inlet adopts sequencing batch water inlet, the input flow rate is 0.3-1L/min, the designed treatment capacity can be 0.5-2L/cycle, the wastewater to be treated is input into the reactor 400, and the water inlet pump 401 is closed;
(2) and (3) hypoxia stage: under the full stirring action of the second stirrer 410, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into nitrite nitrogen, the nitrite nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen, when the change value of the oxidation reduction electrode potential of the wastewater along with time, namely dORP/dt, is less than-5, the denitrification is judged to be finished, and the aerobic stage is started after the time is delayed for 10-40 min;
(3) an aerobic stage: starting an aeration pump 403, wherein the aeration flow rate of the aeration pump 403 can be 0.5-10L/min, controlling the aeration duration of an aerobic stage in real time according to a 'valley point' (dpH/dt is 0) on a pH continuous detection curve, and stopping aeration immediately after the 'valley point' appears on the pH continuous detection curve;
(4) a drainage stage: and after 60-120min after the aerobic stage begins, starting a water outlet pump 501, wherein the water outlet pump is intermittently pumped, stopping for 2-4 min every 8-10 min, discharging the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity after filtering the membrane in the membrane module, and sequentially closing the water outlet pump 501 and the aeration pump 403.
Example 1
The embodiment utilizes the magnetic coagulation-SMBR combined process to treat the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater.
The system for treating high-concentration wastewater comprises a water inlet tank, a magnetic coagulation device, an intermediate regulating water tank, an SMBR (system management reactor), a water outlet tank and a real-time control unit;
the method comprises the following steps that wastewater to be treated in a water inlet tank enters a magnetic coagulation device in batches for magnetic coagulation reaction:
1. adding Fe into the livestock breeding wastewater with high solid content and high concentration to be treated3O4Rapidly stirring for 1min at a speed of 400 r/min;
2. adding 0.5g/L flocculant PAC (polyaluminium chloride), and rapidly stirring at 300r/min for 1.5 min;
3. adding 2.5mg/L of PAM (polyacrylamide) as a coagulant aid, quickly stirring at the speed of 300r/min for 10s, and slowly stirring at the speed of 70r/min for 110 s;
4. standing for precipitation for 10min, and draining to an intermediate water tank.
The water of the intermediate water tank enters the SMBR reactor in batches through the water inlet pump to carry out biological short-range reaction, wherein the SMBR reactor comprises the following steps:
1. a water inlet stage: starting a second stirrer, a water inlet pump and a membrane aeration unit, adopting sequencing batch water inlet, inputting the wastewater to be treated into the reactor according to the designed treatment capacity of 1L/period, and closing the water inlet pump;
2. and (3) hypoxia stage: under the full stirring action of the second stirrer, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into nitrite nitrogen, the nitrite nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen, when the change value of the oxidation reduction electrode potential of the wastewater along with time, namely dORP/dt, is less than-5, the denitrification is judged to be finished, and the aerobic stage is started after the time is delayed for 20 min;
3. an aerobic stage: starting an aeration unit, and controlling the aeration duration of an aerobic stage in real time according to a 'valley point' (dpH/dt is 0) on a pH continuous detection curve;
4. a drainage stage: and starting the water outlet pump 80min after the aerobic stage starts, wherein the water outlet pump is intermittently pumped, stopping the operation for 2min every 8 min, discharging the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity after the wastewater is filtered by a membrane in the membrane module, and sequentially closing the water outlet pump and the aeration pump.
Table 1 contaminant concentrations in and out of water in example 1
ND: not detected out
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, after the high-concentration organic wastewater is treated, the removal rate of COD reaches 96.3 percent and the removal rate of NH reaches4 +the-N removal rate reaches 98.2 percent, which shows that the magnetic coagulation-SMBR combined process has better treatment effect on pollution.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the landfill leachate is treated by using a magnetic coagulation-SMBR combined process.
The invention relates to a device for treating high-concentration wastewater, which comprises a water inlet tank, a magnetic coagulation device, an intermediate regulating water tank, an SMBR (moving bed methane reactor), a water outlet tank and a real-time control unit;
the method comprises the following steps that wastewater to be treated in a water inlet tank enters a magnetic coagulation device in batches for magnetic coagulation reaction:
1. adding Fe into the livestock breeding wastewater with high solid content and high concentration to be treated3O4Rapidly stirring the magnetic seeds as main components at the speed of 350r/min for 80 s;
2. the adding amount of the flocculant PAC is 1.5g/L, and the flocculant PAC is quickly stirred for 80s at the speed of 250 r/min;
3. the dosage of the coagulant aid PAM is 2mg/L, the coagulant aid PAM is quickly stirred for 15s at the speed of 250r/min and then slowly stirred for 100s at the speed of 60 r/min;
4. standing for 15min, and draining to an intermediate water tank.
The water of the middle water tank enters the SMBR reactor in batches through the water inlet pump to carry out biological short-range reaction, wherein the SMBR reaction procedure is as follows:
1. a water inlet stage: starting a second stirrer, the water inlet pump and the membrane aeration system, adopting sequencing batch water inlet, inputting the wastewater to be treated into the reactor according to the designed treatment capacity of 1L/period, and closing the water inlet pump;
2. and (3) hypoxia stage: under the full stirring action of the second stirrer, nitrate nitrogen in the wastewater is reduced into nitrite nitrogen, the nitrite nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen, when the change value of the oxidation reduction electrode potential of the wastewater along with time, namely dORP/dt, is less than-5, the denitrification is judged to be finished, and the delay time is 30 min;
3. an aerobic stage: starting an aeration pump, and controlling the aeration duration of an aerobic stage in real time according to a 'valley point' (dpH/dt is 0) on a pH continuous detection curve;
4. a drainage stage: and starting the water outlet pump 100min after the aerobic stage, wherein the water outlet pump is intermittently pumped, stopping the operation for 2min every 9 minutes, filtering the wastewater with the designed treatment capacity by a membrane in the membrane module, discharging the wastewater, and sequentially closing the water outlet pump and the aeration pump.
Table 2 contaminant concentrations in and out of water in example 2
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, after the high-concentration organic wastewater is treated, the removal rate of COD reaches 98 percent, and the removal rate of NH reaches4 +the-N removal rate reaches 98.8 percent, which shows that the magnetic coagulation-SMBR combined process has better treatment effect on pollution.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of wastewater treatment, comprising:
performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater;
and (3) performing short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to reach the standard, and finishing the wastewater treatment.
2. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1,
the magnetic coagulation reaction step specifically comprises:
and adding a flocculating agent and a coagulant aid into the wastewater, stirring, and standing for precipitation to obtain the first wastewater.
3. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 2,
the addition amount of the flocculant is 1 to 6 g/L;
the addition amount of the coagulant aid is 1-8 mg/L;
the flocculating agent comprises at least one of polyaluminium chloride, polyaluminium sulfate and polyferric sulfate;
the coagulant aid comprises at least one of polyacrylamide, activated silicic acid and lime;
the standing and precipitating time is 10 to 30 minutes;
the method adopted by the stirring comprises the steps of adding magnetic seeds into the wastewater;
wherein the addition amount of the magnetic seeds is 0.5 to 2 g/L;
wherein the magnetic seed comprises magnetite.
4. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1,
the reaction temperature of the short-range biological denitrification reaction is 25 to 35 ℃;
the pH value of the short-range biological denitrification reaction is 7.2 to 8.0;
the concentration of the sludge in the short-cut biological denitrification reaction is 6 to 10g/L, and the nitrogen load in the sludge is 0.25 to 0.7 kgN/(m)3d)；
The short-range biological denitrification reaction comprises the following steps: and filtering the first wastewater through a short-range denitrification reaction and a short-range nitration reaction of a bioreactor to obtain standard wastewater.
5. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 4,
aerating in the short-cut nitration reaction process;
wherein the aeration flow rate is 0.5 to 10L/min;
when the oxidation-reduction electrode value of the first wastewater is less than-5, judging that the short-range denitrification reaction is finished;
and stopping aeration when a trough point appears on the pH continuous detection curve of the first wastewater.
6. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 1,
the waste water comprises livestock breeding waste water and landfill leachate;
the chemical oxygen demand of the wastewater is 5000-15000mg/L, the biochemical oxygen demand is 2500-8400mg/L, and NH4 +-N is 400 to 2000 mg/L;
the short-range biological denitrification reaction is realized in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor;
the second wastewater enters a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor by adopting a sequencing batch method;
the magnetic coagulation reaction is realized in a magnetic coagulation device;
the wastewater enters a magnetic coagulation device by adopting a sequencing batch method.
7. A wastewater treatment system for carrying out the wastewater treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
the magnetic coagulation device is used for performing magnetic coagulation reaction on the wastewater to be treated to obtain first wastewater; and
the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device is used for carrying out short-range biological denitrification reaction on the first wastewater to obtain standard wastewater.
8. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 7,
the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor comprises:
a reactor in which a shortcut biological denitrification reaction is performed;
a membrane separation unit for separating the second wastewater after the short-range biological denitrification reaction; and
and the real-time control unit is used for monitoring the oxidation-reduction potential value, the pH value and the dissolved oxygen amount in the reactor in real time and controlling the reaction to be carried out or stopped according to the detection values.
9. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 8,
the real-time control unit comprises a probe, an integrated circuit box and a digital touch pad;
the probe comprises an ORP probe, a pH probe and a dissolved oxygen probe;
a second stirring unit is arranged on the reactor;
the membrane separation unit is provided with a membrane aeration pump for reducing membrane pollution;
the aeration flow rate of the membrane aeration pump is 5-15L/min, and the input flow rate is 0.3-1L/min;
the membrane separation unit is arranged on the inner side wall of the reactor;
the membrane separation unit includes a membrane module.
10. The wastewater treatment system according to claim 7,
the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor also comprises a water inlet unit for the first wastewater to enter the reactor;
the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device also comprises an aeration unit for aerating the reactor;
the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor also comprises a water outlet tank for storing wastewater reaching the standard, and the water outlet tank is connected with a water outlet of the sequencing batch membrane bioreactor;
the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pump;
the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump, a gas flowmeter and an aeration sand disc; the aeration sand disc is arranged in the reactor;
the wastewater treatment system also comprises a regulating water tank for realizing batch water inlet in the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device, and the regulating water tank is connected with the magnetic coagulation device and the sequencing batch membrane biological reaction device;
the wastewater treatment system also comprises a water inlet tank for storing wastewater, and the water inlet tank is connected with a water inlet of the magnetic coagulation device;
and a first stirring unit is arranged in the magnetic coagulation device.
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