CN110895354A - Surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygon - Google Patents
Surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygons, which relates to the technical field of hydrological water resources and comprises the following steps of obtaining a rainfall station sequence with data and judging whether the rainfall station sequence Sta exists in a rainfall station sequence set Stas in a historical database or not; and if so, directly acquiring a Thiessen polygon division scheme Vor corresponding to the Sta in the historical data, otherwise, dividing the Thiessen polygons again based on the rainfall station sequence Sta to be detected, and calculating the surface rainfall of the area to be detected. The method generates the Thiessen polygons according to the rainfall station network with actual number reporting, two lacking rainfall stations are automatically ignored, the represented area is merged into other polygons, the rainfall is monitored by multiplying the weight of each rainfall station by each rainfall station, the rainfall calculation result in the time t is obtained, and the reliability is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrology and water resources, in particular to a surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygons.
Background
The surface rainfall is a physical quantity describing an average amount of rainfall per unit area in the entire region (watershed), and can relatively objectively reflect the rainfall situation in the entire region (watershed). The surface rainfall is an important input of the hydrological model and has important significance for calculating the flood process and the water resource amount.
The Thiessen polygon, also known as Voronoi Diagram, is named Georgy Voronoi and is composed of a set of continuous polygons composed of perpendicular bisectors connecting two adjacent point segments. Any point within a Thiessen polygon is less distant from the control points that make up the polygon than from the control points of other polygons. The Thiessen polygon is a subdivision of a spatial plane, and is characterized in that any position in the polygon is closest to a sampling point (such as a residential point) of the polygon and is far from the sampling point in an adjacent polygon, and each polygon contains only one sampling point. Due to the equal division characteristic of the Thiessen polygon on the space division, the method can be used for solving the problems of the closest point, the minimum closed circle and the like, and many space analysis problems such as adjacency, proximity and accessibility analysis and the like.
The Thiessen polygon method is a method for calculating the average rainfall of a surface from the observed values of scattered rainfall stations, which is proposed by Netherlands meteorologists A.H. Thiessen, and is widely applied to the current works such as hydrological analysis and calculation, hydrological information forecast and the like. The method is characterized in that a calculation area is divided into a plurality of polygons by using a vertical bisector of a connecting line between rainfall stations, and then the weighted average of the rainfall of each station is calculated by using the area of each polygon as a weight to be used as the area surface average rainfall.
At present, the calculation of the surface rainfall based on the fixed Thiessen polygon is one of the most common surface rainfall calculation methods, and has the advantages of high precision, clear physical significance, simple and convenient calculation and the like. According to the method, an area (a watershed) is divided into n Thiessen polygons with different sizes according to the spatial distribution of a rainfall station network, each Thiessen polygon only contains and certainly contains a rainfall station, and the area of the ith Thiessen polygon is counted as SiThe rainfall monitored in a certain period of the ith rainfall station is PiThen the surface rainfall on the watershed in the time period
Wherein P is the rainfall of the river basin surface, n is the number of rainfall stations on the river basin,
the method is widely applied to surface rainfall calculation and hydrological forecast, and plays an important role in actual water conservancy business. However, the area of the Thiessen polygon where each rainfall station is located is calculated in advance and is fixed, so that the rainfall station network with good running condition (each rainfall station can send the observed rainfall in each time period to the data center very timely) has no influence. However, in the actual service operation process, there are still some situations that cannot be stably operated, such as failure of normal reporting in some time period caused by lightning strike damage to a rainfall station. In this case, a large error may occur in the surface rainfall calculation method based on the fixed thieson polygon partition, and if the monitoring data of a certain rainfall station in a certain time period cannot be reported in time, the system generally skips the rainfall station (the area of the thieson polygon where the system is located is assigned to 0) or assigns the rainfall monitored by the rainfall station to 0 in order to calculate a normal result. In order to solve the technical problem, a method for calculating the surface rainfall based on the dynamic adjustment of the Thiessen polygons is provided, wherein before the surface rainfall at each time interval is calculated, whether some rainfall stations do not send monitoring values is judged, if the monitoring values do not send monitoring values, the Thiessen polygons are re-segmented according to the rainfall stations which normally work, and the area of the Thiessen polygons where the rainfall stations are located is re-calculated. On this basis, the surface rainfall is calculated from the recalculated area of the Thiessen polygon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the surface rainfall based on the dynamic adjustment of the Thiessen polygon, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygons comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring precipitation observation value P ═ P { P } of each rainfall station in a certain period1，P2，P3......PnN is the number of the rainfall stations with data;
s2, acquiring a rainfall station sequence Sta ═ { Sta ═ with data1，Sta2.......StanN is the number of the rainfall stations with data;
s3, judging whether the rainfall station sequence Sta exists in a rainfall station sequence set Stas in a historical database; if so, directly acquiring the Thiessen polygon partition scheme Vor corresponding to the Sta in the historical data, and jumping to the step S6; otherwise, jumping to step S4;
s4, dividing the Thiessen polygons again based on the rainfall station sequence Sta to be detected to form a Thiessen polygon division scheme Vor';
s5, adding the newly designed Thiessen polygon partition scheme to a Thiessen polygon partition scheme set Vors in a historical database;
and S6, calculating the surface rainfall of the area to be measured by using the Vor' or the Vor.
Preferably, between step S2 and step S3, further comprising:
acquiring a surface rainfall sequence set Stas related to a historical Thiessen polygon partitioning scheme Vors, wherein the Vors is used for calculating the surface rainfall of the current region, the historical partitioning scheme set refers to a set of rainfall station sequences respectively contained in each partitioning scheme in the Vors.
Preferably, step S4 specifically includes:
s41, constructing a Delaunay triangulation network aiming at the discrete points of the rainfall station, numbering the discrete points and the formed triangles, and recording which three discrete points each triangle consists of;
s42, finding out the serial numbers of all triangles adjacent to each discrete point and recording the serial numbers;
s43, sorting the triangles adjacent to each discrete point in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, calculating the center of a circumscribed circle of each triangle, and recording the center of the circumscribed circle;
and S44, connecting the centers of the circumscribed circles of the adjacent triangles according to the adjacent triangles of each discrete point to obtain the Thiessen polygon.
Preferably, the specific steps of sorting the triangles with adjacent discrete points in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction in step S43 are as follows:
setting a certain discrete point as o, finding out a triangle with o as a vertex, and setting the triangle as A; taking another vertex of the triangle A except o as a, and finding out another vertex as f; the next triangle must be bounded by of, which is triangle F; the other vertex of the triangle F is e, and the next triangle takes oe as the side; this is repeated until the oa edge is reached.
Preferably, the formula for calculating the surface rainfall of the region to be measured in step S6 is specifically:
wherein S isiIs the area of the ith Thiessen polygon,
Pithe rainfall monitored for a certain period of the ith rainfall station, P is the surface rainfall on the drainage basin in the period, n is the number of the rainfall stations on the drainage basin, i belongs to [1,6 ]]。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a surface rainfall calculation method based on dynamic adjustment of a Thiessen polygon, which is characterized in that the Thiessen polygon is generated according to a rainfall station network with actual number reporting, two lacking rainfall stations are automatically ignored, a represented area is merged into other polygons, the rainfall is monitored by multiplying the weight of each rainfall station by each rainfall station, and a surface rainfall calculation result in a time period t is obtained, so that the reliability is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating surface rainfall based on dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygons provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the division of Thiessen polygons when all rainfall stations count normally in the embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the division of the thiessen polygon in the case of data loss in the rain station in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
In this embodiment, a method for calculating a surface rainfall based on a dynamic adjustment of a thiessen polygon is provided, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
s1, acquiring precipitation observation value P ═ P { P } of each rainfall station in a certain period1，P2，P3......PnN is the number of the rainfall stations with data;
s2, acquiring a rainfall station sequence Sta ═ { Sta ═ with data1，Sta2.......StanN is the number of the rainfall stations with data; acquiring a surface rainfall sequence set Stas related to a historical Thiessen polygon partitioning scheme Vors, wherein the Vors is used for calculating the surface rainfall of the current region, the historical partitioning scheme set refers to a set of rainfall station sequences respectively contained in each partitioning scheme in the Vors.
S3, judging whether the rainfall station sequence Sta exists in a rainfall station sequence set Stas in a historical database; if so, directly acquiring the Thiessen polygon partition scheme Vor corresponding to the Sta in the historical data, and jumping to the step S6; otherwise, jumping to step S4;
s4, dividing the Thiessen polygons again based on the rainfall station sequence Sta to be detected to form a Thiessen polygon division scheme Vor';
step S4 specifically includes:
s41, constructing a Delaunay triangulation network aiming at the discrete points of the rainfall station, numbering the discrete points and the formed triangles, and recording which three discrete points each triangle consists of;
s42, finding out the serial numbers of all triangles adjacent to each discrete point and recording the serial numbers;
s43, sorting the triangles adjacent to each discrete point in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, calculating the center of a circumscribed circle of each triangle, and recording the center of the circumscribed circle;
and S44, connecting the centers of the circumscribed circles of the adjacent triangles according to the adjacent triangles of each discrete point to obtain the Thiessen polygon.
S5, adding the newly designed Thiessen polygon partition scheme to a Thiessen polygon partition scheme set Vors in a historical database;
and S6, calculating the surface rainfall of the area to be measured by using the Vor' or the Vor.
In this embodiment, the specific steps of sorting the triangles adjacent to the discrete points in the step S43 in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction are as follows:
setting a certain discrete point as o, finding out a triangle with o as a vertex, and setting the triangle as A; taking another vertex of the triangle A except o as a, and finding out another vertex as f; the next triangle must be bounded by of, which is triangle F; the other vertex of the triangle F is e, and the next triangle takes oe as the side; this is repeated until the oa edge is reached.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the method in embodiment 1 is adopted to calculate the surface rainfall of 14 rainfall stations in a certain rectangular area, the partitioning of the thiessen polygon when all the 14 rainfall stations give normal counts is shown in fig. 2, and if two rainfall stations have no effective counts (such as the rainfall stations in the circle in fig. 3) in a certain period of time, the partitioning scheme of the thiessen polygon is regenerated according to the method described in the patent of the invention, which is shown in fig. 3.
For the 14 rainfall stations in fig. 2, the ratio of the respective thiessen polygons to the total area, i.e., the weight of each rainfall station, is shown in table 1 below; for the 14 rainfall stations in fig. 3, the ratio of the respective thiessen polygons to the total area, i.e. the weight of each rainfall station, is shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 1 rainfall station weight and time t actual rainfall measurement corresponding to FIG. 2
TABLE 2 rainfall station weights and time t actual rainfall measurements corresponding to FIG. 3
If the traditional method, i.e. the method of fixing the Thiessen polygon, is adopted to calculate the surface rainfall, then Sta is used13And Sta14Due to data lack of the two rainfall stations in the t period, in order to pass calculation, the rainfall in the period is assigned to be 0, the rainfall is monitored by multiplying the weight of each rainfall station by each rainfall station, and the area rainfall in the period t is 6.1mm, and the rainfall in the area is generally large in the period t, so that the actual rainfall is obviously underestimated by the method.
If the method introduced by the patent of the invention is adopted, namely, the Thiessen polygon is generated according to the rainfall station network with actual number report, two rainfall stations with insufficient number are automatically ignored, the represented area is merged into other polygons, the rainfall is monitored by multiplying the weight of each rainfall station by the rainfall station, the surface rainfall is 8.2mm in the time period t, which is higher than 6.1mm calculated by the traditional method, and the reliability is higher.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for calculating the surface rainfall based on the dynamic adjustment of a Thiessen polygon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring precipitation observation value P ═ P { P } of each rainfall station in a certain period1，P2，P3……PnN is the number of the rainfall stations with data;
s2, acquiring a rainfall station sequence Sta ═ { Sta ═ with data1，Sta2…….StanN is the number of the rainfall stations with data;
s3, judging whether the rainfall station sequence Sta exists in a rainfall station sequence set Stas in a historical database; if so, directly acquiring the Thiessen polygon partition scheme Vor corresponding to the Sta in the historical data, and jumping to the step S6; otherwise, jumping to step S4;
s4, dividing the Thiessen polygons again based on the rainfall station sequence Sta to be detected to form a Thiessen polygon division scheme Vor';
s5, adding the newly designed Thiessen polygon partition scheme to a Thiessen polygon partition scheme set Vors in a historical database;
and S6, calculating the surface rainfall of the area to be measured by using the Vor' or the Vor.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising between step S2 and step S3:
acquiring a surface rainfall sequence set Stas related to a historical Thiessen polygon partitioning scheme Vors, wherein the Vors is used for calculating the surface rainfall of the current region, the historical partitioning scheme set refers to a set of rainfall station sequences respectively contained in each partitioning scheme in the Vors.
3. The method for calculating surface rainfall based on the dynamic adjustment of Thiessen polygons of claim 1, wherein the step S4 specifically comprises:
s41, constructing a Delaunay triangulation network aiming at the discrete points of the rainfall station, numbering the discrete points and the formed triangles, and recording which three discrete points each triangle consists of;
s42, finding out the serial numbers of all triangles adjacent to each discrete point and recording the serial numbers;
s43, sorting the triangles adjacent to each discrete point in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, calculating the center of a circumscribed circle of each triangle, and recording the center of the circumscribed circle;
and S44, connecting the centers of the circumscribed circles of the adjacent triangles according to the adjacent triangles of each discrete point to obtain the Thiessen polygon.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the step S43 of sorting triangles with adjacent discrete points in clockwise or counterclockwise direction comprises the following specific steps:
setting a certain discrete point as o, finding out a triangle with o as a vertex, and setting the triangle as A; taking another vertex of the triangle A except o as a, and finding out another vertex as f; the next triangle must be bounded by of, which is triangle F; the other vertex of the triangle F is e, and the next triangle takes oe as the side; this is repeated until the oa edge is reached.
5. The method for calculating surface rainfall based on Thiessen polygon dynamic adjustment of claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the surface rainfall of the region to be measured in step S6 is specifically:
wherein S isiIs the area of the ith Thiessen polygon,
Pithe rainfall monitored for a certain period of the ith rainfall station, P is the surface rainfall on the drainage basin in the period, n is the number of the rainfall stations on the drainage basin, i belongs to [1,6 ]]。
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111881604A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Three-dimensional finite element model modeling method for Thiessen polygon subdivision |
| CN111913239A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州黔源电力股份有限公司 | Method and system for calculating rainfall of effective surface of reservoir based on meteorological hydrological observation data |
| CN113361854A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-07 | 上海工程技术大学 | Accident multi-point identification method based on Thiessen polygon and application thereof |
| CN113687448A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Precipitation center position and change determination method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115203639A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-18 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Irregular grid surface rainfall calculation method and system based on matrix operation |
| CN116682107A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 山东国宏生物科技有限公司 | Soybean visual detection method based on image processing |
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| CN111881604A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Three-dimensional finite element model modeling method for Thiessen polygon subdivision |
| CN111913239A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-10 | 贵州黔源电力股份有限公司 | Method and system for calculating rainfall of effective surface of reservoir based on meteorological hydrological observation data |
| CN113361854A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-07 | 上海工程技术大学 | Accident multi-point identification method based on Thiessen polygon and application thereof |
| CN113687448A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Precipitation center position and change determination method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN113687448B (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-11-10 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Precipitation center position and variation determining method and device thereof and electronic equipment |
| CN115203639A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-18 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Irregular grid surface rainfall calculation method and system based on matrix operation |
| CN115203639B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-03-10 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Irregular grid surface rainfall calculation method and system based on matrix operation |
| CN116682107A (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-09-01 | 山东国宏生物科技有限公司 | Soybean visual detection method based on image processing |
| CN116682107B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2023-10-10 | 山东国宏生物科技有限公司 | Soybean visual detection method based on image processing |
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