CN110894683A - 基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110894683A
CN110894683A CN201911189841.0A CN201911189841A CN110894683A CN 110894683 A CN110894683 A CN 110894683A CN 201911189841 A CN201911189841 A CN 201911189841A CN 110894683 A CN110894683 A CN 110894683A
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temperature
fabric
changing
sensitive color
thermochromic
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彭雄义
张延�
陈卓
刘仰硕
王强
夏明桂
于泽浩
梁永红
杨锋
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Wuhan Textile University
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
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Abstract

本发明涉及基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法，其特征是可调控感温变色面料由两层不同面料采用热压成型技术制备得到，两层面料分别为隔热层和感温变色层，其中，感温变色层由碳纤维和感温变色纤维混纺制得，隔热层由芳纶纤维面料经过涂层整理得到，感温变色层中的碳纤维通过导线连接可调控智能开关，可调控智能开关与电源模块连接。本发明的可调控感温变色面料的碳纤维层与可调控智能开关与电源模块依次连接，实现了颜色的可控调节。本发明的可调控感温变色面料的制备方法简单；本产品使用方便，易于推广。

Description

基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及感温变色面料的制备方法，具体涉及一种基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着社会的快速发展，人们对服装面料的要求越来越高，服装除了保暖供暖外，希望服装还具有伪装的功能。于是，变色服装开始在市场上出现了，服装的变色机理主要由一些外界的因素导致，如：光、温度和酸碱度等。
目前，在诸多变色服装中，温度感应服装面料变色的研究报道较多，如：中国专利申请号201810229374.9公布了一种温致变色夜光纤维及其制备方法，该专利以稀土夜光材料混入纤维原料中，经过湿法纺丝制得；张婉等研究了用溶胶微球法制备变色涤纶织物的温致变色机制，实现了温度相应变色涤纶织物具备灵敏且可逆的变色性能(《纺织学报》，2017，38(2)：117-122)。这些纤维或织物虽然实现了感温变色，但是，其在变色时的温度是外界条件产生的，不是纤维或织物本身实现温度的调节。这种变色方式导致了变色纤维或织物做成衣服后，其快速变色的局限性，因为，人们希望穿着的服装可以随时地变色，针对这种需要，本发明在此领域有一定突破。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服以往技术的不足，提供一种基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料，该面料由隔热层1和感温变色层2组成，其中，感温变色层2由碳纤维和感温变色纤维混纺制得，隔热层1由芳纶纤维面料经过涂层整理得到，感温变色层2中的碳纤维通过导线3连接可调控智能开关4，可调控智能开关4与电源模块5连接，基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的结构示意图如图1所示。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述方法包含如下步骤：
(1)感温变色层的制备：以感温变色纤维作为经纱，碳纤维的纱线作为纬纱，对其进行混纺，制得感温变色层。
(2)隔热层的制备：选取芳纶纤维面料作为隔热层面料，将芳纶纤维面料用涂层剂进行涂层整理，在绷架上将芳纶纤维面料紧绷，将涂层剂用刮刀均匀涂刮于芳纶纤维面料上，涂布量干重为20～25g/m2，于90℃烘干2分钟，然后，于140～170℃焙烘3分钟。
(3)热压成型：将步骤(2)制备的隔热层与步骤(1)制备的感温变色层热压成型，得到感温变色面料。
(4)感温变色面料的温控连接：将感温变色层中碳纤维通过导电线与可调控智能开关、电源模块依次连接，制得基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料。
所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述步骤(1)中感温变色纤维的制备方法为：
101、纺丝液的制备：称取适量的左旋聚乳酸，其分子量约为1.3×105～5.3×105；将感温变色色母和聚乳酸同时溶解在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，优选地，感温变色色母与聚乳酸的质量比为1︰15～25；在溶解过程中不断搅拌，溶解时间为40～60min，直至所配得的溶液呈质量浓度为15～30％稳定的纺丝液。
102、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝：将步骤101配好的纺丝液在静电纺丝机上进行静电纺丝，纺丝条件为：电压7～15KV，喷射速度4～6mL/h，喷射距离100～130mm。
103、后处理：将丝线进行水洗，上油和烘干，制得感温变色纤维。
本发明所述的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述步骤(2)中涂层剂的制备方法为：
称取适量的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵，将全部的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂和占总量1/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶解于适量的去离子水中，均匀搅拌，控制温度为75～85℃，搅拌1～2h；然后将剩余2/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶于适量去离子水后滴加到不断搅拌的混合溶液中，滴加时间控制在2～3h，滴加完毕后，保温2～3h，即制得聚丙烯酸酯类乳液涂层剂，此乳液放置一月，不发生分层现象即可；
优选地，十二烷基苯磺酸钠(g)、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂(g)、丙烯酸(mol)、乙烯基磷酸酯(mol)、丙烯酸丁酯(mol)和过硫酸铵(g)的质量体积比为：0.5～1∶1～2∶0.1～0.2∶0.1～0.2∶0.1～0.2∶0.5～1。
本发明具有如下显著特点：
(1)本发明制备的一体成型可调控感温变色面料采用两层面料热压成型的方法制备得到，两层面料分别发挥不同的作用，其中，位于外层的感温变色面料层主要用于变色作用，位于里层的隔热层主要用于隔热作用。
(2)本发明的可调控感温变色面料的碳纤维层与可调控智能开关与电源模块依次连接，实现了颜色的可控调节。
(3)本发明的可调控感温变色面料的隔热层和感温变色面料层采用热压成型方法连为一体，制备方法简单；本产品使用方便，易于推广。
(4)本发明通过在聚乳酸中掺加感温变色色母，然后采用静电纺丝技术，实现聚乳酸纤维具有感温变色功能；本发明通过涂层整理技术在芳纶纤维面料上涂覆涂层剂，该涂层剂含有阻燃物质乙烯基磷酸酯，有利于该感温变色面料的安全使用。
附图说明
图1一体成型可调控感温变色面料的结构示意图(1.隔热层；2.感温变色面料层；3.导线；4.可调控智能开关；5.电源模块)；
图2静电纺丝机装置示意图(1.电源；2.接收转轴；3.射流；4.针头；5.支架；6.导管；7.聚合物溶液；8.针筒；9.推进器)。
具体实施方式
以下所述实施例详细说明了本发明。
实施例1
本实施例的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法，所述的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料由隔热层1和感温变色层2组成，其中，感温变色层2由碳纤维和感温变色纤维混纺制得，隔热层1由芳纶纤维面料经过涂层整理得到，感温变色层2中的碳纤维通过导线3连接可调控智能开关4，可调控智能开关4与电源模块5连接，基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的结构示意图如图1所示。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述方法包含如下步骤：
(1)感温变色层的制备：以感温变色纤维作为经纱，碳纤维的纱线作为纬纱，对其进行混纺，制得感温变色层；
所述步骤(1)中感温变色纤维的制备方法为：
101、纺丝液的制备：称取适量的左旋聚乳酸，其分子量约为1.3×105～5.3×105；将感温变色色母(深圳市变色科技有限公司采购)和聚乳酸同时溶解在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，优选地，感温变色色母与聚乳酸的质量比为1︰20；在溶解过程中不断搅拌，溶解时间为50min，直至所配得的溶液呈质量浓度为25％稳定的纺丝液；
102、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝：将步骤101配好的纺丝液在静电纺丝机上进行静电纺丝，静电纺丝机装置示意图如图2所示，纺丝条件为：电压9～12KV，喷射速度5mL/h，喷射距离120mm；
103、后处理：将丝线进行水洗，上油和烘干，制得感温变色纤维。
(2)隔热层的制备：选取芳纶纤维面料作为隔热层面料，将芳纶纤维面料用涂层剂进行涂层整理，在绷架上将芳纶纤维面料紧绷，将涂层剂用刮刀均匀涂刮于芳纶纤维面料上，涂布量干重为22～24g/m2，于90℃烘干2分钟，然后，于150～160℃焙烘3分钟；
所述步骤(2)中涂层剂的制备方法为：
称取0.8g十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1.5g辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、0.15mol丙烯酸、0.15mol乙烯基磷酸酯、0.15mol丙烯酸丁酯和0.8g过硫酸铵；将全部的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂和占总量1/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶解于200mL的去离子水中，均匀搅拌，控制温度为80～82℃，搅拌1.5h；然后将剩余2/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶于60mL去离子水后滴加到正在搅拌的混合溶液中，滴加时间控制在2.5h，滴加完毕后，保温2.5h，即制得聚丙烯酸酯类乳液涂层剂，此乳液放置一月，不发生分层现象即可。
(3)热压成型：将步骤(2)制备的隔热层1与步骤(1)制备的感温变色层2热压成型，得到感温变色面料。
(4)感温变色面料的温控连接：将感温变色层中碳纤维通过导电线3与可调控智能开关4、电源模块5依次连接，制得基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料a。
实施例2
本实施例的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法，所述的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料与实施例1叙述的相同。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述方法包含如下步骤：
(1)感温变色层的制备：以感温变色纤维作为经纱，碳纤维的纱线作为纬纱，对其进行混纺，制得感温变色层；
所述步骤(1)中感温变色纤维的制备方法为：
101、纺丝液的制备：称取适量的左旋聚乳酸，其分子量约为1.3×105～5.3×105；将感温变色色母(深圳市变色科技有限公司采购)和聚乳酸同时溶解在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，优选地，感温变色色母与聚乳酸的质量比为1︰15；在溶解过程中不断搅拌，溶解时间为40min，直至所配得的溶液呈质量浓度为15％稳定的纺丝液；
102、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝：将步骤101配好的纺丝液在静电纺丝机上进行静电纺丝，静电纺丝机装置示意图如图2所示，纺丝条件为：电压7～9KV，喷射速度4mL/h，喷射距离100mm；
103、后处理：将丝线进行水洗，上油和烘干，制得感温变色纤维。
(2)隔热层的制备：选取芳纶纤维面料作为隔热层面料，将芳纶纤维面料用涂层剂进行涂层整理，在绷架上将芳纶纤维面料紧绷，将涂层剂用刮刀均匀涂刮于芳纶纤维面料上，涂布量干重为20～22g/m2，于90℃烘干2分钟，然后，于140～150℃焙烘3分钟；
所述步骤(2)中涂层剂的制备方法为：
称取0.5g十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1.0g辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、0.1mol丙烯酸、0.1mol乙烯基磷酸酯、0.1mol丙烯酸丁酯和0.5g过硫酸铵；将全部的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂和占总量1/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶解于200mL的去离子水中，均匀搅拌，控制温度为80～82℃，搅拌1h；然后将剩余2/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶于60mL去离子水后滴加到正在搅拌的混合溶液中，滴加时间控制在2h，滴加完毕后，保温2h，即制得聚丙烯酸酯类乳液涂层剂，此乳液放置一月，不发生分层现象即可。
(3)热压成型：将步骤(2)制备的隔热层1与步骤(1)制备的感温变色层2热压成型，得到感温变色面料。
(4)感温变色面料的温控连接：将感温变色层中碳纤维通过导电线3与可调控智能开关4、电源模块5依次连接，制得基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料b。
实施例3
本实施例的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料及其制备方法，所述的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料与实施例1叙述的相同。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供上述所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，所述方法包含如下步骤：
(1)感温变色层的制备：以感温变色纤维作为经纱，碳纤维的纱线作为纬纱，对其进行混纺，制得感温变色层；
所述步骤(1)中感温变色纤维的制备方法为：
101、纺丝液的制备：称取适量的左旋聚乳酸，其分子量约为1.3×105～5.3×105；将感温变色色母(深圳市变色科技有限公司采购)和聚乳酸同时溶解在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，优选地，感温变色色母与聚乳酸的质量比为1︰30；在溶解过程中不断搅拌，溶解时间为60min，直至所配得的溶液呈质量浓度为25％稳定的纺丝液；
102、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝：将步骤101配好的纺丝液在静电纺丝机上进行静电纺丝，静电纺丝机装置示意图如图2所示，纺丝条件为：电压14KV，喷射速度6mL/h，喷射距离130mm；
103、后处理：将丝线进行水洗，上油和烘干，制得感温变色纤维。
(2)隔热层的制备：选取芳纶纤维面料作为隔热层面料，将芳纶纤维面料用涂层剂进行涂层整理，在绷架上将芳纶纤维面料紧绷，将涂层剂用刮刀均匀涂刮于芳纶纤维面料上，涂布量干重为23～25g/m2，于90℃烘干2分钟，然后，于160～170℃焙烘3分钟；
所述步骤(2)中涂层剂的制备方法为：
称取1g十二烷基苯磺酸钠、2.0g辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、0.2mol丙烯酸、0.2mol乙烯基磷酸酯、0.2mol丙烯酸丁酯和1g过硫酸铵；将全部的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂和占总量1/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶解于200mL的去离子水中，均匀搅拌，控制温度为80～82℃，搅拌2h；然后将剩余2/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶于60mL去离子水后滴加到正在搅拌的混合溶液中，滴加时间控制在3h，滴加完毕后，保温3h，即制得聚丙烯酸酯类乳液涂层剂，此乳液放置一月，不发生分层现象即可。
(3)热压成型：将步骤(2)制备的隔热层1与步骤(1)制备的感温变色层2热压成型，得到感温变色面料。
(4)感温变色面料的温控连接：将感温变色层中碳纤维通过导电线3与可调控智能开关4、电源模块5依次连接，制得基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料c。
性能评价实施例：
将本发明中上述具体实施例1～3制备得到的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料a、b和c进行相关性能测试。通过调节可调控智能开关4，可以发现：随着开关的变化，感温变色面料显示不同的颜色。在10℃环境温度下，分别测试感温变色层2的表面温度和隔热层1的表面温度，结果发现：感温变色层2的表面温度分布范围为：10℃～35℃，隔热层1的表面温度分布范围为：10℃～18℃，这表明本发明制备的一体成型可调控感温变色面料具有较好的隔热效果，具有很强的安全性与舒适性，可用于人体服装面料。

Claims (4)

1.基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包含如下步骤：
步骤一、感温变色层的制备：以感温变色纤维作为经纱，碳纤维的纱线作为纬纱，对其进行混纺，制得感温变色层；
步骤二、隔热层的制备：选取芳纶纤维面料作为隔热层面料，将芳纶纤维面料用涂层剂进行涂层整理，在绷架上将芳纶纤维面料紧绷，将涂层剂用刮刀均匀涂刮于芳纶纤维面料上，于90℃烘干2分钟，然后，于140～170℃焙烘3分钟，涂布量干重为20～25g/m2；
步骤三、热压成型：将步骤二制备的隔热层(1)与步骤一制备的感温变色层(2)热压成型，得到感温变色面料；
步骤四、感温变色面料的温控连接：将感温变色层中碳纤维通过导电线(3)与可调控智能开关(4)、电源模块(5)依次连接，制得基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤一中感温变色纤维的制备方法为：
101、纺丝液的制备：称取适量的左旋聚乳酸，其分子量约为1.3×105～5.3×105；将感温变色色母和聚乳酸同时溶解在二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中，所述的感温变色色母与聚乳酸的质量比为1︰15～25，在溶解过程中不断搅拌，溶解时间为40～60min，直至所配得的溶液呈质量浓度为15～30％的纺丝液；
102、聚乳酸纤维的纺丝：将步骤101配好的纺丝液在静电纺丝机上进行静电纺丝，纺丝条件为：电压7～15KV，喷射速度4～6mL/h，喷射距离100～130mm；
103、后处理：将丝线进行水洗，上油和烘干，制得感温变色纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二中涂层剂的制备方法为：称取十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵，将全部的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂和占总量1/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶解于去离子水中，均匀搅拌，控制温度为75～85℃，搅拌1～2h；然后将剩余2/3的丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵引发剂溶于去离子水后滴加到不断搅拌的混合溶液中，滴加时间控制在2～3h，滴加完毕后，保温2～3h，即制得聚丙烯酸酯类乳液涂层剂；所述十二烷基苯磺酸钠、辛烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚O-4乳化剂、丙烯酸、乙烯基磷酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯和过硫酸铵的质量比为：(0.5～1)g∶(1～2)g∶(0.1～0.2)mol∶(0.1～0.2)mol∶(0.1～0.2)mol∶(0.5～1)g。
4.基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料，其特征在于，采用权利要求1～3任一项所述的基于碳纤维控制可调控感温变色面料的制备方法制备而成。
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