CN110883070A - Comprehensive treatment system and method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting converter - Google Patents

Comprehensive treatment system and method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110883070A
CN110883070A CN201911308450.6A CN201911308450A CN110883070A CN 110883070 A CN110883070 A CN 110883070A CN 201911308450 A CN201911308450 A CN 201911308450A CN 110883070 A CN110883070 A CN 110883070A
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China
Prior art keywords
treatment
flue gas
converter
casting
hazardous waste
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN201911308450.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高彦臣
杨殿才
徐金光
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Qingdao Wan Long Hi Tech Group Co Ltd
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Qingdao Wan Long Hi Tech Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911308450.6A priority Critical patent/CN110883070A/en
Publication of CN110883070A publication Critical patent/CN110883070A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2200/00—Recycling of waste material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive treatment system and a comprehensive treatment method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting a converter, belonging to the field of recycling treatment of hazardous waste. The processing system comprises: raw material pretreatment device, smelting and casting device, and a flue gas treatment device connected with the smelting and casting device. The treatment system provided by the invention can be used for carrying out efficient recycling comprehensive treatment on hazardous waste raw materials, producing cast products with high added values and effectively removing toxic and harmful substances in smoke generated in the smelting process. The treatment system and the treatment method thereof provided by the invention have very wide application prospects in the field of hazardous waste recycling treatment.

Description

Comprehensive treatment system and method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hazardous waste recycling treatment, and particularly relates to a hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment system adopting a converter and a treatment method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of industries such as paint, coating and the like in China, a large number of waste steel packaging barrels are generated, and the inner walls of the waste oil barrels and the paint barrels are provided with a layer of oil films or paint films. According to records in national hazardous waste directory (revision manuscript), waste oil buckets belong to HW08, and waste paint buckets belong to HW 12. In the processes of storage, transportation and resource utilization of the waste paint bucket, due to the release of VOC (volatile organic compounds), the explosion is easily caused by improper operation, and meanwhile, benzene substances in the VOC can also pose a threat to human health.
At present, most of the existing waste paint bucket treatment processes adopt methods such as rotary kiln incineration disposal or cleaning recovery, but the methods have the defects of large land space occupation, secondary pollution risk, high water treatment cost, high environmental protection supervision difficulty and the like, and the methods do not well solve the problem of hazardous waste, so that an environment-friendly and low-cost comprehensive resource treatment system and treatment method for waste oil buckets and waste paint buckets are developed, and the problem to be solved is urgently needed by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of hazardous waste resources by adopting a converter, and the treatment system and the treatment method thereof have the following advantages: (1) the metal packaging barrel can be subjected to harmless treatment; (2) effectively removing toxic and harmful substances in the smoke generated in the smelting process; (3) valuable metals in the hazardous waste raw materials can be extracted and recovered, so that the resource utilization efficiency is improved finally, and the disposal cost is reduced; (4) the method can adopt a cooperative disposal mode, and utilizes the existing converter equipment to reduce one-time investment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment system adopting the converter comprises a hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device, a smelting and casting device and a flue gas treatment device connected with a flue gas pipeline of the smelting and casting device which are sequentially arranged;
the smelting and casting device comprises a converter and a tapping unit.
Preferably, the converter comprises a converter body and a vaporization cooling flue arranged at the top of the converter body, and a converter tilting unit connected with the bottom of the converter body is arranged below the bottom of the converter body.
Preferably, the flue gas treatment device is: and the flue gas treatment device is communicated with the vaporization cooling flue.
Preferably, the flue gas treatment device comprises:
an SNCR denitration device communicated with the vaporization cooling flue, a quenching device communicated with the gas outlet of the SNCR denitration device, a dry deacidification device communicated with the gas outlet of the quenching device, a dust removal device communicated with the gas outlet of the dry deacidification device, an active carbon device communicated with the gas outlet of the dust removal device, and Zn communicated with the gas outlet of the active carbon device2O smoke collecting device and Zn2O a discharge chimney communicated with the smoke dust collecting device;
the dust removing device is a pulse bag dust remover or an electric dust remover.
Preferably, the hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device is a briquetting device;
the briquetting device is a briquetting and packaging machine;
the briquetting and packaging machine is a full-automatic briquetting and packaging machine or a semi-automatic briquetting and packaging machine.
Preferably, a dangerous waste storage device and a dangerous waste sorting device are arranged in front of the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device;
a packaging unit is also arranged between the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device and the smelting and casting device;
a gripping device and a conveying device are also arranged between the dangerous waste sorting device and the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device;
the grabbing device is a full-automatic grabbing machine, and the transporting device is a rail transport vehicle.
The invention also provides a comprehensive treatment method for the hazardous waste recycling, which comprises the following steps:
a dangerous waste raw material storage and management step, wherein the dangerous waste raw materials are classified and stored separately;
a raw material grabbing and transporting step, namely grabbing the dangerous waste raw materials onto a transporting device, and then transporting the dangerous waste raw materials to a pretreatment workshop through the transporting device;
a pretreatment step, namely briquetting the hazardous waste raw materials to form metal blocks;
and smelting and casting, namely adding auxiliary materials into a converter, then sending the metal blocks into the converter for smelting treatment, and finally preparing a cast product.
Preferably, the converter flue gas treatment step comprises:
enabling the flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the vaporization cooling flue to enter an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration device to remove NOx;
the flue gas after NOx removal by the SNCR denitration device is cooled by a quenching device to prevent the generation of dioxin;
removing SOx from the flue gas after passing through the quenching device through a dry deacidification device;
removing dust from the flue gas subjected to SOx removal by the dry deacidification device through a dust removal device;
performing activated carbon adsorption on the flue gas subjected to dust removal by the dust removal device;
the smoke absorbed by the active carbon enters Zn2O a smoke dust collecting device;
over the Zn2The smoke processed by the O smoke dust collecting device is discharged up to the standard, and the discharge concentration is less than 20mg/m3And discharging the chimney after reaching the standard.
Preferably, in the smelting and casting step, the auxiliary material comprises an alloy or a carburant;
wherein a molten steel for casting is prepared by adding the alloy into the converter, and a molten iron for casting is obtained by adding the carburant into the converter;
in the smelting and casting step, the metal block is smelted at the temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1650 ℃;
before the smelting and casting steps, after the pretreatment step, a packaging treatment step is further included, wherein the packaging treatment step is to wrap the metal block by using a polyethylene plastic film so as to prevent VOC gas from escaping.
Preferably, the hazardous waste raw material comprises a metal packaging barrel;
the metal packaging barrel comprises a waste oil barrel and a waste paint barrel, wherein the waste oil barrel comprises a lubricating oil barrel, a hydraulic oil barrel, a gasoline barrel or a diesel oil barrel, and the waste paint barrel comprises a paint barrel or a paint barrel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the treatment system provided by the invention is a complete system hazardous waste recycling comprehensive utilization treatment system, not only can realize harmless treatment on hazardous waste raw materials, but also has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, high raw material utilization rate, good recovery efficiency, energy consumption saving, no secondary pollution and the like;
2. the processing system provided by the invention has high treatment efficiency and is mainly embodied as follows: the invention is provided with a set of complete comprehensive resource utilization equipment system, and hazardous waste raw materials are subjected to multiple steps of storage, classification, transportation, pretreatment, smelting, casting finished products, flue gas treatment and the like, so that a set of standardized process for resource treatment of the hazardous waste raw materials is formed, and the high-efficiency treatment of the hazardous waste raw materials is really realized;
3. the high utilization rate of the raw materials of the processing system provided by the invention is mainly embodied as follows: (1) the treatment system fully burns organic matters and combustible components in the hazardous waste raw materials, and prepares products with high added value, such as molten steel, by blowing oxygen for decarburization and adding auxiliary materials (such as alloy and the like) into the furnace; (2) substances such as steel slag and the like generated in the process of burning hazardous waste raw materials by the treatment system are conveyed to places such as a cement plant and the like for subsequent reutilization, a large amount of land is not required to be occupied for landfill, and the risk of secondary pollution is avoided; (3) the processing system is additionally provided with a packaging unit, and a hazardous waste raw material subjected to briquetting processing is wrapped by a polyethylene plastic film so as to prevent VOC gas from escaping and secondary pollution;
4. by utilizing the hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment method provided by the invention, through the steps of raw material classification and storage, smelting and casting, converter flue gas treatment and the like, not only is the harmless treatment of a waste oil barrel or a paint barrel realized, but also the recycling of hazardous waste is realized, the resource utilization efficiency is finally improved, the resource treatment cost is reduced, and the method is a novel hazardous waste recycling comprehensive utilization method;
5. by utilizing the comprehensive treatment method for the hazardous waste recycling of the hazardous waste, provided by the invention, many casting products with high added values, such as molten steel components for casting or molten iron components for casting, can be finally produced by adding auxiliary agents such as alloy or carburant into the converter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a flue gas treatment process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a smelting and casting apparatus and a flue gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a comprehensive treatment system for hazardous waste recycling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment system adopting a converter, which comprises a hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device, a smelting and casting device and a flue gas treatment device connected with a flue gas pipeline of the smelting and casting device, wherein the hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device, the smelting and casting device and the flue gas treatment device are sequentially arranged;
the smelting and casting device comprises a converter and a tapping unit.
In a preferred embodiment, the converter comprises a converter body and a vaporization cooling flue arranged at the top of the converter body, wherein a tilting unit connected with the bottom of the converter body is arranged below the bottom of the converter body.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas treatment device is: and the flue gas treatment device is communicated with the vaporization cooling flue.
In a preferred embodiment, the flue gas treatment device comprises:
an SNCR denitration device communicated with the vaporization cooling flue, a quenching device communicated with the gas outlet of the SNCR denitration device, a dry deacidification device communicated with the gas outlet of the quenching device, a dust removal device communicated with the gas outlet of the dry deacidification device, an active carbon device communicated with the gas outlet of the dust removal device, and Zn communicated with the gas outlet of the active carbon device2O smoke collecting device and Zn2O a discharge chimney communicated with the smoke dust collecting device;
the dust removing device is a pulse bag dust remover or an electric dust remover.
In a preferred embodiment, the hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device is a briquetting device;
the briquetting device is a briquetting and packaging machine;
the briquetting and packaging machine is a full-automatic briquetting and packaging machine or a semi-automatic briquetting and packaging machine.
In a preferred embodiment, a hazardous waste storage device and a hazardous waste sorting device are further arranged in front of the hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device;
a packaging unit is also arranged between the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device and the smelting and casting device;
a gripping device and a conveying device are also arranged between the dangerous waste sorting device and the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device;
the grabbing device is a full-automatic grabbing machine, and the transporting device is a rail transport vehicle.
In the above preferred embodiment, the reason for wrapping the scrap steel blocks with the polyethylene plastic film is to prevent the escape of VOC gas and minimize the damage of the waste oil and paint drums to the environment and human body during the raw material pretreatment.
In addition, it should be further explained that the hazardous waste sorting device is a belt conveyor and a grate, and the screening mechanism is as follows: according to factors such as the size of a dimension of the dangerous waste raw materials, the contained products and the like, the dangerous waste raw materials are classified, and the purpose is to perform subsequent resource treatment work more efficiently.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the present invention is necessary to provide a flue gas treatment step, since the converter flue gas contains sulfides, nitrides, chlorides and heavy metals (Zn)2O) dust and the like at 1200-1400 ℃, and not only can the national and local emission standards be difficult to achieve, but also the human body and the environment are threatened without taking active treatment measures for harmful substances in the smoke. The invention adopts a comprehensive flue gas treatment mode, and can treat CO gas and NO in the flue gasxDioxin, SOxAnd removing various harmful substances, and finally discharging the flue gas after the flue gas reaches the standard. Compared with the traditional flue gas treatment method, the method has the following differences: the flue gas treatment step adds NOx、SOxAnd the treatment of chloride and other substances, and the recovery of Zn in the flue gas2O, then recovering the obtained Zn2O is transported to a zinc metal smelting plant, so that Zn in the flue gas2O is fully utilizedThe application is as follows.
In addition, the dry deacidification step is arranged in the converter flue gas treatment step, so that the acid gas in the flue gas is effectively removed, and the corrosion of the acid gas in the flue gas on an electric dust collector and other auxiliary pipelines is prevented.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a comprehensive treatment method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting the converter, which comprises the following steps:
a dangerous waste raw material storage and management step, wherein the dangerous waste raw materials are classified and stored separately;
a raw material grabbing and transporting step, namely grabbing the dangerous waste raw materials onto a transporting device, and then transporting the dangerous waste raw materials to a pretreatment workshop through the transporting device;
a pretreatment step, namely briquetting the hazardous waste raw materials to form metal blocks;
and smelting and casting, namely adding auxiliary materials into a converter, then sending the metal blocks into the converter for smelting treatment, and finally preparing a cast product.
In the raw material storage and management steps, various collected waste oil barrels and paint barrels are placed in the storage factory building, and in order to prevent residual paint in the barrels from leaking, the ground in the storage factory building needs to be subjected to anti-seepage treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the converter flue gas treatment step comprises:
enabling the flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the vaporization cooling flue to enter an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration device to remove NOx;
the flue gas after NOx removal by the SNCR denitration device is cooled by a quenching device to prevent the generation of dioxin;
removing SOx from the flue gas after passing through the quenching device through a dry deacidification device;
removing dust from the flue gas subjected to SOx removal by the dry deacidification device through a dust removal device;
performing activated carbon adsorption on the flue gas subjected to dust removal by the dust removal device;
the smoke absorbed by the active carbon enters Zn2O a smoke dust collecting device;
over the Zn2The smoke processed by the O smoke dust collecting device is discharged up to the standard, and the discharge concentration is less than 20mg/m3And discharging the chimney after reaching the standard.
In the above preferred embodiment, the dust removing device may be a pulse bag dust remover, an electric dust remover, or other dust removing devices capable of achieving a dust removing function.
In a preferred embodiment, in the smelting and casting step, the auxiliary material comprises an alloy or a carburant;
wherein a molten steel for casting is prepared by adding the alloy into the converter, and a molten iron for casting is obtained by adding the carburant into the converter;
in the smelting and casting step, the metal block is smelted at the temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1650 ℃;
before the smelting and casting steps, after the pretreatment step, a packaging treatment step is further included, wherein the packaging treatment step is to wrap the metal block by using a polyethylene plastic film so as to prevent VOC gas from escaping.
In a preferred embodiment, the hazardous waste raw material comprises a metal packaging barrel;
the metal packaging barrel comprises a waste oil barrel and a waste paint barrel, wherein the waste oil barrel comprises a lubricating oil barrel, a hydraulic oil barrel, a gasoline barrel or a diesel oil barrel, and the waste paint barrel comprises a paint barrel or a paint barrel.
The invention provides a hazardous waste recycling comprehensive utilization method, which is a novel hazardous waste recycling treatment method, and comprises the steps of firstly, utilizing equipment such as a converter and the like to carry out smelting treatment on hazardous waste raw materials including waste barrels/waste oil barrels to obtain a series of casting products with high added values; secondly, the comprehensive utilization method for the hazardous waste resource also adds a flue gas treatment process, and can treat NO in the flue gasx、SOxToxic and harmful substances such as chloride, dioxin and the like are efficiently treated, and Zn in smoke can be recovered2Substances such as O and the like, so that valuable metals are extracted and recovered; finally, the comprehensive utilization method of the hazardous waste resource provided by the invention also adds a plurality of detail treatments, such as storageThe anti-seepage treatment is carried out on the waste oil barrel/waste barrel site to prevent the pollution caused by the leakage of residual substances in the barrel, the wrapping treatment is carried out on the waste steel blocks to prevent the escape of VOC (volatile organic compounds), and the detail treatment is essential for the comprehensive utilization method of the hazardous waste resources provided by the invention. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization method for the hazardous waste resources provided by the invention is a novel and perfect resource disposal method.
In order to more clearly and specifically describe the comprehensive utilization method of hazardous waste resources provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1: hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment system adopting converter
The use method of the processing system comprises the following steps:
the dangerous waste raw materials stored in the dangerous waste storage device 4 enter the dangerous waste sorting device to be sorted, and the sorting method comprises the following steps: classifying hazardous waste raw materials according to different sizes and different contained products, grabbing the hazardous waste raw materials onto a conveying device 6 through a grabbing device 5, then conveying the hazardous waste raw materials to a hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device 1 for briquetting treatment to obtain metal blocks, conveying the metal blocks to a smelting and casting device 2 through a metal block basket cart, conveying the metal blocks into a converter 21 through a feeding crown block, heating to 1400 ℃ and 1650 ℃ to smelt the metal blocks, and blowing oxygen into an oxygen lance arranged at the top of the converter 21 to obtain different products, such as molten iron for casting and molten steel for casting; in addition, substances such as steel slag and the like generated after the metal blocks are combusted are transported to disposal places such as cement plants and the like for subsequent deep processing and utilization; flue gas generated after the metal blocks are smelted by the converter 21 enters the flue gas treatment device 3, wherein the flue gas enters the flue gas treatment device 3 through an evaporation cooling flue 215 communicated with the converter 21.
Wherein, the flue gas enters the flue gas processing device 3 through the vaporization cooling flue 215 communicated with the converter 21, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the primary high-temperature flue gas enters an SNCR denitration device 31 connected with an exhaust port 215 of a vaporization cooling flue communicated with the converter 21 through a flue gas pipeline of the converter 21 to remove NOx, and then enters a quenching device 32 communicated with an air outlet of the SNCR denitration device 31 to be quenchedThe gas enters a dry deacidification device 33 communicated with the gas outlet of the quenching device 32 for removing SOx, then enters a dust removal device 34 communicated with the gas outlet of the dry deacidification device 33 for removing dust, enters an active carbon device 35 communicated with the gas outlet of the dust removal device 34 for removing chloride, and then enters Zn communicated with the gas outlet of the active carbon device 352Zn is carried out by an O smoke collecting device 362And recovering O, and finally discharging after the O reaches the standard through a chimney.
Example 2: comprehensive treatment method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting converter
(1) Raw material storage and management: placing various collected waste oil barrels and waste paint barrels in a storage factory building, performing anti-seepage treatment on the ground of the storage factory building in order to prevent residual paint in the barrels from leaking, and then placing the waste oil barrels and the waste paint barrels separately according to different sizes and different contained products;
(2) raw material grabbing and transporting: grabbing the barrel into a rail transport vehicle through an automatic grabbing machine, then transporting the barrel to a pretreatment workshop through the rail transport vehicle, and unloading the barrel onto a feeding conveyor belt of an automatic briquetting and packaging machine of the pretreatment workshop through the rail transport vehicle;
(3) pretreatment of raw materials: pressing the barrel into a metal block in a square shape by an automatic briquetting and packaging machine, and wrapping the metal block by a polyethylene plastic film to prevent VOC gas from escaping;
(4) smelting and casting raw materials: the metal blocks are conveyed to a converter feeding area of a casting workshop through a scrap basket car, the scrap blocks are unloaded into a converter 21 by adopting a feeding crown block, then smelting is carried out at 1400 ℃, and molten steel is adjusted to components required by casting by introducing oxygen and adding alloy into the converter 21, then the molten steel is discharged into a ladle and cast by adopting a crown block for casting to hoist the ladle;
(5) treating converter flue gas: the high-temperature flue gas (flue gas temperature of 1200 ℃) discharged from the converter 21 is cooled by the vaporization cooling flue 212 and then enters the flue gas treatment device 3. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the high-temperature flue gas enters the SNCR denitration device 31 through the vaporization cooling flue 212 to remove NOxThen NO is removed by an SNCR denitration device 31xAfter passing through a quenching device 32, the flue gas after denitration treatment passes through a quenching device 32Dry-type deacidifying device 33 removes SOxThe deacidified flue gas is dedusted by an electric precipitator 34, enters an activated carbon adsorption device 35 to remove chloride, is treated by the activated carbon adsorption device 35, and then enters Zn2And the O smoke dust collecting device 36 finally discharges the smoke dust after reaching the standard through a chimney.
Example 3: hazardous waste recycling comprehensive treatment system adopting converter
(1) Raw material storage and management: placing various collected waste oil barrels and paint barrels in a storage factory building, performing anti-seepage treatment on the ground of the storage factory building in order to prevent residual paint in the barrels from leaking, and then separately placing the waste oil barrels and the paint barrels according to different sizes and different contained products;
(2) raw material grabbing and transporting: grabbing the barrel into a rail transport vehicle through an automatic grabbing machine, then transporting the barrel to a pretreatment workshop through the rail transport vehicle, and unloading the barrel onto a feeding conveyor belt of an automatic briquetting and packaging machine of the pretreatment workshop through the rail transport vehicle;
(3) pretreatment of raw materials: pressing the barrel into a metal block in a square shape by an automatic briquetting and packaging machine, and wrapping the metal block by a polyethylene plastic film to prevent VOC gas from escaping;
(4) smelting and casting raw materials: the method comprises the following steps that metal blocks are conveyed to a charging area of a converter 21 of a casting workshop through a scrap basket truck, the metal blocks are unloaded into the converter 21 through a charging crown block, then smelting is carried out at 1500 ℃, molten iron is adjusted to be required for casting through introducing oxygen into the converter 21 and adding a carburant, then the molten iron is discharged into a ladle, and the ladle is hung by a crane for casting;
(5) treating converter flue gas: the high-temperature flue gas (flue gas temperature of 1200 ℃) discharged from the converter 21 is cooled by the vaporization cooling flue 212 and then enters the flue gas treatment device 3. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the high-temperature flue gas enters the SNCR denitration device 31 through the vaporization cooling flue 212 to remove NOxThen NO is removed by an SNCR denitration device 31xAfter the flue gas after denitration treatment passes through a quenching device 32, SO is removed through a dry type deacidification device 33xThe deacidified flue gas is dedusted by an electric precipitator 34 and then enters an activated carbon adsorption device 35 for removalChloride, flue gas treated by the activated carbon adsorption device 35, and then Zn2And the O smoke dust collecting device 36 finally discharges the smoke dust after reaching the standard through a chimney.
Comparative example 1: traditional treatment method-rotary kiln burning method
After being crushed and cut, hazardous waste (waste oil barrel/paint barrel) is conveyed into a rotary kiln through a belt to be burnt, burning smoke is discharged from the tail of the kiln and enters a secondary combustion chamber for high-temperature burning, two auxiliary burners are arranged in the secondary combustion chamber to maintain sufficient smoke temperature, the smoke discharged from the secondary combustion chamber is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat boiler, enters a quench tower to be quenched to below 200 ℃, is subjected to dust removal through a bag-type dust remover and then is emptied through a chimney, and iron oxide generated after the hazardous waste (waste oil barrel/paint barrel) is burnt is subjected to landfill treatment. The iron oxide is common solid waste, and land resources are occupied for landfill treatment.
Comparative example 2: traditional treatment method-cupola furnace fusion casting method
The dangerous waste (waste oil barrel/paint barrel) is processed by manual briquetting and then is added into the cupola furnace by an inclined bridge feeding machine to be mixed with coke, molten iron is formed by high-temperature melting, and the flue gas generated by the cupola furnace is cooled by mixed air, dedusted by a bag-type dust remover and then emptied by a chimney. The molten iron of the cupola furnace is used as a raw material for casting pig iron.
Through comparison and analysis of the above examples 1-2 with comparative examples, it is found that in the conventional disposal method of waste oil bucket/paint bucket, such as rotary kiln incineration method, although the method can effectively incinerate the waste oil bucket/paint bucket, the slag generated by the method still needs to be buried in a large amount of land, which means that the disposal cost of hazardous waste such as the waste oil bucket/paint bucket is increased; other treatment methods such as a cleaning recycling method and a cupola furnace casting method have different defects, for example, the cleaning recycling method relates to acid-base substances in the cleaning process, the water treatment cost is increased, the supervision difficulty is increased, and the cupola furnace casting method can realize the resource utilization of hazardous wastes, but has the defects of low added value of casting products, large environmental protection pressure and the like.
Therefore, the comprehensive utilization method of the hazardous waste resource by adopting the converter does not need to bury a large amount of land and increase the water treatment cost, and can generate a plurality of casting products with high added values in the casting process.

Claims (10)

1. The comprehensive treatment system for recycling hazardous wastes by adopting the converter is characterized by comprising a hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device, a smelting and casting device and a flue gas treatment device connected with a flue gas pipeline of the smelting and casting device which are sequentially arranged;
the smelting and casting device comprises a converter and a tapping unit.
2. The processing system according to claim 1, wherein the converter comprises a furnace body, a vaporization cooling flue arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a tilting unit connected with the bottom of the furnace body is arranged below the bottom of the furnace body.
3. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the flue gas treatment device is: and the flue gas treatment device is communicated with the vaporization cooling flue.
4. The treatment system of claim 3, wherein the flue gas treatment device comprises:
an SNCR denitration device communicated with the vaporization cooling flue, a quenching device communicated with the gas outlet of the SNCR denitration device, a dry deacidification device communicated with the gas outlet of the quenching device, a dust removal device communicated with the gas outlet of the dry deacidification device, an active carbon device communicated with the gas outlet of the dust removal device, and Zn communicated with the gas outlet of the active carbon device2O smoke collecting device and Zn2O a discharge chimney communicated with the smoke dust collecting device;
the dust removing device is a pulse bag dust remover or an electric dust remover.
5. The processing system of claim 1, wherein the hazardous waste material pretreatment device is a briquetting device;
the briquetting device is a briquetting and packaging machine;
the briquetting and packaging machine is a full-automatic briquetting and packaging machine or a semi-automatic briquetting and packaging machine.
6. The processing system according to claim 1, wherein a hazardous waste storage device and a hazardous waste sorting device are arranged in front of the hazardous waste raw material pretreatment device;
a packaging unit is also arranged between the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device and the smelting and casting device;
a gripping device and a conveying device are also arranged between the dangerous waste sorting device and the dangerous waste raw material pretreatment device;
the grabbing device is a full-automatic grabbing machine, and the transporting device is a rail transport vehicle.
7. The comprehensive treatment method for the reclamation of the hazardous waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a dangerous waste raw material storage and management step, wherein the dangerous waste raw materials are classified and stored separately;
a raw material grabbing and transporting step, namely grabbing the dangerous waste raw materials onto a transporting device, and then transporting the dangerous waste raw materials to a pretreatment workshop through the transporting device;
a pretreatment step, namely briquetting the hazardous waste raw materials to form metal blocks;
and smelting and casting, namely adding auxiliary materials into a converter, then sending the metal blocks into the converter for smelting treatment, and finally preparing a cast product.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the converter flue gas treatment step comprises:
enabling the flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the vaporization cooling flue to enter an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) denitration device to remove NOx;
the flue gas after NOx removal by the SNCR denitration device is cooled by a quenching device to prevent the generation of dioxin;
removing SOx from the flue gas after passing through the quenching device through a dry deacidification device;
removing dust from the flue gas subjected to SOx removal by the dry deacidification device through a dust removal device;
performing activated carbon adsorption on the flue gas subjected to dust removal by the dust removal device;
the smoke absorbed by the active carbon enters Zn2O a smoke dust collecting device;
over the Zn2The smoke processed by the O smoke dust collecting device is discharged up to the standard, and the discharge concentration is less than 20mg/m3And discharging the chimney after reaching the standard.
9. The process according to claim 7, characterized in that, in said melting and casting step, said auxiliary material comprises an alloy or a carburant;
wherein a molten steel for casting is prepared by adding the alloy into the converter, and a molten iron for casting is obtained by adding the carburant into the converter;
in the smelting and casting step, the metal block is smelted at the temperature of 1400 ℃ and 1650 ℃;
before the smelting and casting steps, after the pretreatment step, a packaging treatment step is further included, wherein the packaging treatment step is to wrap the metal block by using a polyethylene plastic film so as to prevent VOC gas from escaping.
10. The treatment system or method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the hazardous waste material comprises a metal packaging barrel;
the metal packaging barrel comprises a waste oil barrel and a waste paint barrel, wherein the waste oil barrel comprises a lubricating oil barrel, a hydraulic oil barrel, a gasoline barrel or a diesel oil barrel, and the waste paint barrel comprises a paint barrel or a paint barrel.
CN201911308450.6A 2019-12-18 2019-12-18 Comprehensive treatment system and method for recycling hazardous waste by adopting converter Withdrawn CN110883070A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114317956A (en) * 2021-08-23 2022-04-12 浙江省工业设计研究院有限公司 Novel process method for cooperatively treating iron hazardous waste briquettes by converter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114317956A (en) * 2021-08-23 2022-04-12 浙江省工业设计研究院有限公司 Novel process method for cooperatively treating iron hazardous waste briquettes by converter

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Application publication date: 20200317