CN109103538A - A kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate - Google Patents

A kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109103538A
CN109103538A CN201811213332.2A CN201811213332A CN109103538A CN 109103538 A CN109103538 A CN 109103538A CN 201811213332 A CN201811213332 A CN 201811213332A CN 109103538 A CN109103538 A CN 109103538A
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cracking
gas
positive plate
hot
conveyer
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CN201811213332.2A
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CN109103538B (en
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蔡珠华
李景忠
赖喜锐
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Guangzhou Weigang Environment Technology Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Weigang Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytics of waste lithium cell positive plate to handle recovery system, including cracking system, hot-air system, the cracking system front is provided with pretreatment system and the hot-air system, the cracking system rear portion is provided with smoke processing system, cracking gas purification system and solids management system, and the gas side that goes out of the cracking gas purification system is connected by pipeline with the air inlet side of the hot-air system.Beneficial effect is: the technical program heats broken positive plate using oxygen barrier formula external heat, and device is allowed to carry out anaerobic cracking to positive plate, and continuous operation is high-efficient, and compared to burning disposal, no metal flying dust is generated, and flue gas emission is more environmentally friendly;And circulating heating method is used, so that device more energy-saving and environmental protection.

Description

A kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery processing equipment fields, and in particular at a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate Manage recovery system.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery is since year is commercialized, because its energy density is big, operating voltage is high, has extended cycle life, memoryless The advantages that effect, is widely used in the communication electronics such as mobile phone, laptop product and various electronic instruments and electric tool, The even more core of electric car also component.With quickly universal and new-energy automobile industry the development of hyundai electronics communication apparatus, Lithium battery consumption figure increases severely, and generates a large amount of old and useless battery therewith.Discarded lithium ion battery due to containing a large amount of cobalt, nickel, The valuable metals such as lithium, recovery value are high, on the other hand, it is therein it is toxic, hazardous compound is more, old and useless battery is discarded or disposition not When, not only waste of resource, but also cause serious problem of environmental pollution.
The recycling research of waste lithium cell battery focuses primarily upon the recycling benefit of positive active material in battery at present With method, existing frequently-used method mainly has physical method, incineration method, chemical method etc..Physical method is first crushed battery, is sieved Choosing is later heat-treated with tentatively obtaining electrode material powder to remove organic binder electrode material powder, finally by multiple Choosing separation and recovery cathode metal material powder, needs manually to participate in during cracking and sorting, generallys use Muffle furnace heat treatment, effect Rate is low, small scale, and intermitten service is at high cost;Incineration method is that direct high-temp combustion decomposes removal organic binder, is caused in battery Metal be oxidized, generate heavy metal flying dust, the pollutants such as dioxin, pollute environment, subsequent treatment cost is high;Chemical method is to use Chemical reagent leaches the metal ion in anode, then carries out extraction and separation, but this method flow with extractant It is long, and a large amount of uses of chemical reagent and extractant can cause significant damage to environment.
It is torn open for example, disclosing a kind of waste power lithium battery group physics application No. is 201810630088.3 Chinese patent Recyclable device is solved, physics dismantling, recycling are carried out to lithium battery using bilateral cutting method;Application No. is 201810461656.1 Chinese patent discloses a kind of method for recycling lithium metal in waste and old lithium ion battery, using ionic liquid and tributyl phosphate group At extraction system carry out chemical recovering method.
At present positive plate of lithium battery recycle existing main problem be low efficiency, it is at high cost, be unable to continuous operation and There is certain harmfulness to environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that providing a kind of anaerobic heat of waste lithium cell positive plate to solve the above-mentioned problems Solution processing recovery system, is handled positive plate by the way of anaerobic cracking, to avoid the aluminium in oxygen and positive plate Thermit reaction occurs after heated for foil, generates amount of heat and damages equipment.
The present invention through the following technical solutions to achieve the above objectives:
A kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate, including cracking system, hot-air system, it is described Cracking system front is provided with pretreatment system and the hot-air system, and the cracking system rear portion is provided with fume treatment system The gas side that goes out of system, cracking gas purification system and solids management system, the cracking gas purification system passes through pipeline and the hot wind The air inlet side of system is connected;
Wherein:
The pretreatment system is crushed and is transmitted to positive plate of lithium battery to be processed, including collection hopper one, described It is provided with conveyer one on the downside of collection hopper one, the one discharge side of conveyer is provided with crusher, at the discharge hole of crusher It is provided with conveyer two, the two discharge side of conveyer is provided with collection hopper two, the two discharge port face conveyer of collection hopper Three, the feed side of cracking system described in the three discharge side face of conveyer;
The cracking system carries out anaerobic high temperature cracking processing, including pyrolysis furnace to broken positive plate, described to split Solution furnace is rotary furnace structure, including accommodating the inner furnace body of positive plate to be processed and accommodating the external furnace body of heating flue gas, the cracking The inner furnace body feed side of furnace connects slide valve one, and the inner furnace body exit side of the pyrolysis furnace connects slide valve two, the slide valve Two downsides are provided with the solids management system, and the inner furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace goes out gas side and is provided with cracking gas purification system System, the external furnace body air inlet side of the pyrolysis furnace are provided with the hot-air system, and the external furnace body exhaust side of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with The smoke processing system;
The solids management system includes conveyer four, and the four discharge side of conveyer is provided with vibrating screen, the vibration Granulated slag case is arranged in sieve downside, and exit is provided with conveyer five beside the vibrating screen, and the five discharge side of conveyer is provided with Cleaning equipment, the cleaning equipment exit side are provided with containing box;
The cracking gas purification system includes deduster one, and one exhaust outlet of deduster is connected with high-temperature filter, institute The gas side that goes out for stating high-temperature filter is connected with heat exchanger one, and the heat exchanger one is connected with surge tank, the surge tank exhaust side It is connected with blower one, the blower gas outlet is connected to the entrance side of the hot-air system by gas exhaust piping;
The hot-air system includes hot-blast stove, and the hot-blast stove air inlet side is connected with natural gas tank, air hose, the hot wind Blower two is provided between furnace and the air hose, the hot-blast stove goes out gas side and passes through the outer furnace of piping connection to the pyrolysis furnace Body;
The smoke processing system includes heat exchanger two, and two air inlet side of heat exchanger is connected to the outer furnace of the pyrolysis furnace Body, two exhaust side of heat exchanger are connected with deduster two, and the deduster two passes through blower three and piping connection to chimney.
Preferably, at the discharge of conveyer three described in the one upside face of slide valve, two discharge port of slide valve is just To the conveyer four.
Preferably, the slide valve one and the slide valve two are the double-deck gate, and are provided with inert gas air inlet And bleeding point, the double-deck gate of the slide valve one and the slide valve two force dislocation start-stop using interlocking measure.
Preferably, the inner furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace is connected by gas exhaust piping with the air inlet of the deduster one.
Preferably, filling nitrogen and/or vapor in the cracking cabin of the crusher.
Preferably, the sealing structure of the pyrolysis furnace uses mechanical seal and/or dry gas seals.
Preferably, the solids management system aluminium foil cleaning treatment equipment first choice ultrasonic high pressure water washer, secondly It can also be cleaned by the way of high-speed flow rotary screen.
In above structure, when work, positive plate of lithium battery is sent by collection hopper one to crusher, is sent again by conveyer after broken To receiving warehouse, material is sent to pyrolysis furnace using conveyer two, material is entered pyrolysis furnace and is controlled using slide valve one, And nitrogen or steam are filled between the flashboard of slide valve one, it is provided with bleeding point;Material enters pyrolysis furnace, and cracking temperature is 300~600 DEG C, pyrolysis solid product lime-ash is sent to solids management system by conveyer four, the gaseous product of pyrolysis furnace again into Enter deduster one, pyrolysis furnace is that the indirect external heat form of high-temperature flue gas provided by hot-air system cracks material, high Warm flue gas comes from hot-blast stove by pyrolysis furnace, high-temperature flue gas;After solid lime-ash enters solids management system, vibrating screen is first passed through It is tentatively sorted, is recycled positive electrode powder (ternary powder), aluminium foil continues to be fed into aluminium foil cleaning equipment, once purged recycling aluminium Piece, from the hot water of heat exchanger one, the sewage after washing is discharged into containing box for the washing water of cleaning equipment;The gas of cracking system Product is mainly cracking gas (main component CO, H2, CO2, CH4, H2O and other hydrocarbon), and gaseous product successively passes through Deduster one is crossed, preliminary dust removal is carried out, most of dust catching in gas can be got off, gas enters high temperature filtration later Device, high-temperature filter will adsorb the sour gas in gas, and the gas by absorption is preliminary by water cooling heat exchanger one Surge tank is entered back into after cooling to be kept in, and is finally sent by blower one to hot-blast stove and is carried out burning disposal;Splitting after cooling and purifying Vent one's spleen enter Combustion of Hot Air Furnace, because positive plate content of organics is lower, generate cracking gas it is less, it is also necessary to supplement it is suitable other The flue-gas temperature control of fuel, such as natural gas, liquefied gas or diesel oil, generation of burning is 400~700 DEG C, and flue gas passes through cracking Furnace carries out external heat to pyrolysis furnace, and there is the flue gas of pyrolysis furnace certain thermal energy to subtract to preferably carry out heat management out Flue gas heat-exchange unit two is arranged in few energy loss, is preheated to hot-blast stove combustion air is entered by air hose and reduces flue gas Temperature, the flue gas after heat exchange pass through two purified treatment of bag filter again, reach safety dumping standard, flue gas up to standard is finally by wind Machine three leads to chimney and is discharged into atmosphere.
Beneficial effect is: the technical program heats broken positive plate using oxygen barrier formula external heat, so that Device can carry out anaerobic cracking to positive plate, and continuous operation is high-efficient, and compared to burning disposal, no metal flying dust is generated, cigarette Gas discharge is more environmentally friendly;And circulating heating method is used, so that device more energy-saving and environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of system architecture of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 2 is that a kind of process flow of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 3 is a kind of pretreatment system of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention Structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a kind of cracking system knot of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a kind of fume treatment system of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention System structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is a kind of cracking gas purification of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention System structure diagram;
Fig. 7 is a kind of solids treatment system of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention System structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is a kind of hot-air system knot of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is that a kind of inert gas of the Non-oxygen pyrolytic processing recovery system of waste lithium cell positive plate of the present invention is filled out Fill protection and exhausting basic structure schematic diagram.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1, pretreatment system;101, collection hopper one;102, conveyer one;103, crusher;104, conveyer two;105, it receives Hopper two;106, conveyer three;2, cracking system;201, pyrolysis furnace;202, slide valve one;203, slide valve two;3, at flue gas Reason system;301, heat exchanger two;302, deduster two;303, blower three;304, chimney;4, cracking gas purification system;401, it removes Dirt device one;402, high-temperature filter;403, heat exchanger one;404, surge tank;405, blower one;5, solids management system; 501, Conveyer four;502, vibrating screen;503, granulated slag case;504, conveyer five;505, cleaning equipment;506, containing box;6, hot wind system System;601, natural gas tank;602, air hose;603, blower two;604, hot-blast stove.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:
As Figure 1-Figure 8, a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate handles recovery system, including cracking system 2, hot-air system 6,2 front of cracking system are provided with pretreatment system 1 and hot-air system 6, and 2 rear portion of cracking system is provided with flue gas The gas side that goes out of processing system 3, cracking gas purification system 4 and solids management system 5, cracking gas purification system 4 passes through pipeline and heat The air inlet side of wind system 6 is connected.
Embodiment one:
There is certain risk on fire in positive plate of lithium battery, therefore fill out in shattering process in the cracking cabin of crusher 103 Inflated with nitrogen (or vapor), so that completely cut off in material shattering process with air, thus play the role of preferably safeguard protection, Pretreatment system 1 is crushed and is transmitted to positive plate of lithium battery to be processed, including collection hopper 1, under collection hopper 1 Side is provided with conveyer 1, and one 102 discharge side of conveyer is provided with crusher 103, and 103 discharge port of crusher goes out to be provided with Conveyer 2 104,2 104 discharge side of conveyer are provided with collection hopper 2 105,2 105 discharge port face conveyer three of collection hopper 106, the feed side of 3 106 discharge side face cracking system 2 of conveyer.
Embodiment two:
Cracking system 2 carries out anaerobic high temperature cracking processing, including pyrolysis furnace 201, pyrolysis furnace to broken positive plate 201 be rotary furnace structure, including accommodating the inner furnace body of positive plate to be processed and accommodating the external furnace body of heating flue gas, pyrolysis furnace 201 Inner furnace body feed side connect slide valve 1, the inner furnace body exit side of pyrolysis furnace 201 connects slide valve 2 203, slide valve two 203 downsides are provided with solids management system 5, and the inner furnace body initial stage side of pyrolysis furnace 201 is provided with cracking gas purification system 4, cracking The external furnace body air inlet side of furnace 201 is provided with hot-air system 6, and the external furnace body exhaust side of pyrolysis furnace 201 is provided with smoke processing system 3。
Pyrolysis furnace 201 is rotary furnace structure, and inner furnace body charge material is passed through high-temperature flue gas between external furnace body and inner furnace body, Pyrolysis furnace 201 is heated by flue gas indirect heating form, 201 inner cylinder of pyrolysis furnace transfers heat to material again, from And achieving the purpose that cracking, cracking temperature is 300-600 DEG C.Pyrolysis furnace 201 is adjusted the speed using frequency control way, it is ensured that Material has enough pyrolysis times, so that material cracking is more abundant, product separation is more thorough.
To ensure that pyrolysis furnace 201 is the mode of anaerobic cracking, avoids oxygen from entering in pyrolysis furnace 201, take following measures Play oxygen-impermeable purpose:
(1) pyrolysis furnace 201 itself is using the mechanical seal of high-seal or dry gas sealing structure or two kinds of seal combinations Sealing structure, it can be ensured that crack and steady in a long-term material is cracked under anaerobic.
(2) feed inlet slide valve 1 and discharge port slide valve 2 203 are all made of the design of anaerobic feeding structure, and two layers slotting Using inert gas (nitrogen or vapor) filling protection between plate valve, while suction opening is opened between flashboard, it can be by the flashboard time With material enter air take away, prevent air and enter in pyrolysis furnace 201;Slide valve 1 and slide valve 2 203 are operating Upper to force dislocation start-stop using interlocking measure, i.e., when upper flashboard is opened, lower flashboard must be closed, when lower flashboard is opened, on Flashboard must be closed, and may insure material so not is disposably to enter pyrolysis furnace 201, can substantially reduce air entrance The amount of cracking.
Inert gas filling protection and exhausting basic structure are as shown in Figure 9:
The characteristics of 201 system of pyrolysis furnace:
1., entirely cracking reaction carries out under the reducing atmosphere of complete anaerobic, organic matter resolves into cracking gas and powdered carbon, Each pollutant (such as dioxin) generated when burning will not be generated;Inorganic matter is intact to be stored in lime-ash, the gold in positive plate Belonging to aluminium flake will not be oxidized, and intact can collect.
2., compared to direct burning disposal, the gas treatment that contains harmful ingredients amount is small, while because cracking temperature is low, will not produce Raw metal flying dust.
Material enters kiln hood chute after passing through double gate valves, and in chute part, design has Anti-blocked hydraulic pushing equipment, guarantees Material can smoothly enter into high temperature pyrolysis in kiln after entering chute, while use blower 2 603 by drawing-in device slide valve and feed bin Interior gas leads to hot-blast stove 604 and is burned, and prevents air from entering pyrolysis furnace 201, prevents dust recycling, beats for whole system Make an odorless, tasteless, non-dusting environment.
Feature:
1. filling nitrogen (or vapor) in crusher 103, shattering process is safer
2. being equipped with 2 gate valves to have effectively acted as feeding seal and reduced leakage wind action.
3. preventing air using nitrogen (or vapor) filling protection between two layers of gate valve and entering in pyrolysis furnace 201.
4. the gas in drawing-in device and feed bin is led to hot-blast stove 604 using blower 2 603 to burn, i.e., further It prevents air from entering pyrolysis furnace 201, and prevents dust recycling.
When blanking chute blocking, sizing or serious coking, hydraulic material-pulling device can be started, clear up buildup in chute, prevented Only block.
Embodiment three
Solids management system 5 includes conveyer 4 501, and 4 501 discharge side of conveyer is provided with vibrating screen 502, vibrating screen Granulated slag case 503 is arranged in 502 downsides, and 502 side exit of vibrating screen is provided with conveyer 5 504, and 5 504 discharge side of conveyer is set It is equipped with cleaning equipment 505,505 exit side of cleaning equipment is provided with containing box 506.
The grey slag ingredient of pyrolysis furnace 201 is mainly aluminium flake and positive electrode powder (such as ternary powder) out, and lime-ash first passes through conveying Pyrolysis furnace 201 is discharged in machine 4 501, and conveyer 4 501 uses indirect water-cooling nested structure, carries out to the material of pyrolysis furnace 201 out cold But it handles, then is sieved by vibrating screen 502, aluminium foil and positive electrode powder are subjected to initial gross separation, reach collection positive electrode The purpose of powder might have a small amount of positive electrode powder due to electrostatic etc. and be adhered to above aluminium foil, and setting aluminium foil is clear Clean processing equipment, aluminium foil enter back into cleaning treatment equipment, and clean aluminium flake is obtained after cleaning.Aluminium foil cleaning treatment equipment first choice is super Sound wave high pressure washer, by ultrasonic wave principle and high pressure water rinse combine in the way of aluminium foil is cleaned, reach clear Clean purpose;Secondly it can also be cleaned by the way of high-speed flow rotary screen, clean aluminium foil is as raw material metal Economic value with higher, while the positive electrode powder being adhered on aluminium foil being cleared up, be conducive to cobalt nickel manganese Metal material The recycling of material reduces resource loss
Example IV
Purification system 4 includes deduster 1, and one 401 exhaust outlet of deduster is connected with high-temperature filter 402, high temperature mistake The gas side that goes out of filter 402 is connected with heat exchanger 1, and heat exchanger 1 is connected with surge tank 404, and 404 exhaust side of surge tank connects It is connected to blower 1, blower gas outlet is connected to the entrance side of hot-air system 6 by gas exhaust piping.
Cracking gas purification is using " pyrolysis furnace 201 adds chemical agent removing fluorine+deduster dedusting+high-temperature catalytic removing weight Metal " technology, processing method are as follows:
(1) fluorine element in the presence of material, in the case where anaerobic cracks reducing condition, surface of material shape hydrogen fluoride, by adding Add specific chemical agent that can remove hydrogen fluoride.
(2) setting deduster 1 can remove the most of dust particles carried in cracking gas.
It (3), can be to minimal amount of gaseous state heavy metal by the way that high-temperature catalytic filter is arranged in cracking feed channel Absorption is learned, while remaining sour gas and a small amount of dust in cracking gas can also be removed.
By above-mentioned several measures, it can reach in removal cracking gas that there are the mesh of sour gas, dust and gaseous state heavy metal 's
Purified cracking gas cools down by heat exchanger 1, and cracking pneumatic transmission after cooling to surge tank 404 is to pressure It is buffered, the effect of the cracking gas of steady pressure is provided for equipment below, then sent by air-introduced machine to hot-blast stove 604 and burnt Burning processing reduces energy loss for being 201 heat supply of pyrolysis furnace
Embodiment five
Hot-air system 6 includes hot-blast stove 604, and 604 air inlet side of hot-blast stove is connected with natural gas tank 601, air hose 602, heat Blower 2 603 is provided between wind furnace 604 and air hose 602, hot-blast stove 604 goes out gas side and passes through piping connection to pyrolysis furnace 201 External furnace body.
The effect of hot-blast stove 604 is that the required energy of reaction is provided for material cracking, used in the burning of hot-blast stove 604 Fuel a part is by dedusting, cracking gas after cooling.Since the organic principle in positive plate is fewer, the energy of cracking gas Amount can not provide the energy needed for pyrolyzing, therefore extra power burner is arranged, and be that pyrolysis furnace 201 mentions by burning extra power For the required energy, extra power can be natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, be also possible to the fuel such as diesel oil.Blower 2 603 is set Need to provide enough air for the burning of cracking gas and extra power, it is ensured that fuel can be with completely burned;Hot-blast stove 604 burns Flue-gas temperature control is between 400~700 DEG C afterwards, and the flue gas of pyrolysis furnace 201 has certain thermal energy out, in order to preferably carry out Heat management reduces energy loss, therefore utilizes 201 flue gas of pyrolysis furnace to exchange heat by heat exchanger 2 301, and the air after heat exchange is used The air needed for hot-blast stove 604 improves energy utilization rate.
Embodiment six
Smoke processing system 3 includes heat exchanger 2 301, and 2 301 air inlet side of heat exchanger is connected to the outer furnace of pyrolysis furnace 201 Body, 2 301 exhaust side of heat exchanger are connected with deduster 2 302, and deduster 2 302 passes through blower 3 303 and piping connection to cigarette Chimney 304.
Since gas has already passed through purification in cracking gas, and ignition temperature is lower, therefore the cigarette that the cracking gas being incinerated generates Nitrogen oxides, fluoride and heavy metal substance content are very low in gas, can be ignored substantially;Exhaust gas temperature control exists 150 DEG C or so, substantially without dust in flue gas, but to prevent flue gas emission dust concentration exceeded, while being arranged 2 302 pairs of deduster Flue gas carries out purified treatment to reach safety dumping standard, and flue gas up to standard finally leads to chimney 304 by air-introduced machine and is discharged into atmosphere.
Embodiment seven
At the discharge of one 202 upside face conveyer 3 106 of slide valve, 2 203 discharge port face conveyer four of slide valve 501;Slide valve 1 and slide valve 2 203 are the double-deck gate, and are provided with inert gas air inlet and bleeding point, flashboard The double-deck gate of valve 1 and slide valve 2 203 forces dislocation start-stop using interlocking measure;The inner furnace body of pyrolysis furnace 201 passes through Gas exhaust piping is connected with the air inlet of deduster 1;Filling nitrogen and/or vapor in the cracking cabin of crusher 103;It splits The sealing structure for solving furnace 201 uses mechanical seal and/or dry gas seals.
Embodiment eight
When work, positive plate of lithium battery is sent by collection hopper 1 to crusher 103, is sent again by conveyer to receipts after broken Feed bin send material to pyrolysis furnace 201 using conveyer 2 104, and material enters pyrolysis furnace 201 and uses slide valve 1 It is controlled, and fills nitrogen or steam between the flashboard of slide valve 1, be provided with bleeding point;Material enters pyrolysis furnace 201, cracking temperature is 300-600 DEG C, and pyrolysis solid product lime-ash is sent to solids management system 5 by conveyer 4 501, is cracked The gaseous product of furnace 201 enters back into deduster 1, and pyrolysis furnace 201 is that the high-temperature flue gas that is provided by hot-air system 6 is indirectly outer Heat form cracks material, and high-temperature flue gas comes from hot-blast stove 604 by pyrolysis furnace 201, high-temperature flue gas;Solid lime-ash into Enter to after solids management system 5, first pass through vibrating screen 502 and tentatively sorted, recycle positive electrode powder (ternary powder), aluminium foil after It is continuous to be sent into aluminium foil cleaning equipment 505, once purged recycling aluminium flake, the heat of the washing water of cleaning equipment from heat exchanger 1 Water, the sewage after washing are discharged into containing box 506;The gaseous product of cracking system 2 be mainly cracking gas (main component CO, H2, CO2, CH4, H2O and other hydrocarbons), gaseous product successively passes through deduster 1, carries out preliminary dust removal, can be by gas Most of dust catching in body gets off, and gas enters high-temperature filter 402 later, and high-temperature filter 402 will be in gas Sour gas is adsorbed, and is entered back into surge tank 404 after heat exchanger 1 is tentatively cooling by the gas of absorption and is carried out temporarily It deposits, is finally sent by blower 1 to hot-blast stove 604 and carry out burning disposal;Cracking gas after cooling and purifying enters the combustion of hot-blast stove 604 It burns, because positive plate content of organics is lower, it is less to generate cracking gas, it is also necessary to be supplemented by natural gas tank 601 suitable natural The flue-gas temperature control of gas burning, generation of burning is 400-700 DEG C, and flue gas carries out pyrolysis furnace 201 outer by pyrolysis furnace 201 Heating, the flue gas of pyrolysis furnace 201 has certain thermal energy out, in order to preferably carry out heat management, reduces energy loss, setting Flue gas heat-exchange unit 2 301 is preheated and is reduced flue-gas temperature into 604 combustion air of hot-blast stove to by air hose 602, changed Flue gas after heat passes through 2 302 purified treatment of bag filter again, reaches safety dumping standard, flue gas up to standard is finally by blower three 303, which lead to chimney 304, is discharged into atmosphere.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe originals of the invention Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes and improvements It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and equivalents circle It is fixed.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate handles recovery system, it is characterised in that: including cracking system, hot wind System, the cracking system front are provided with pretreatment system and the hot-air system, and the cracking system rear portion is provided with cigarette Gas processing system, cracking gas purification system and solids management system, the cracking gas purification system go out gas side by pipeline with The air inlet side of the hot-air system is connected;
Wherein:
The pretreatment system is crushed and is transmitted to positive plate of lithium battery to be processed, including collection hopper one, the rewinding One downside of bucket is provided with conveyer one, and the one discharge side of conveyer is provided with crusher, is arranged at the discharge hole of crusher There is conveyer two, the two discharge side of conveyer is provided with collection hopper two, the two discharge port face conveyer three of collection hopper, institute State the feed side of cracking system described in three discharge side face of conveyer;
The cracking system carries out anaerobic high temperature cracking processing, including pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace to broken positive plate For rotary furnace structure, including accommodating the inner furnace body of positive plate to be processed and accommodating the external furnace body of heating flue gas, the pyrolysis furnace Inner furnace body feed side connects slide valve one, and the inner furnace body exit side of the pyrolysis furnace connects slide valve two, under the slide valve two Side is provided with the solids management system, and the inner furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace goes out gas side and is provided with the cracking gas purification system, institute The external furnace body air inlet side for stating pyrolysis furnace is provided with the hot-air system, and the external furnace body exhaust side of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with the cigarette Gas processing system;
The solids management system includes conveyer four, and the four discharge side of conveyer is provided with vibrating screen, under the vibrating screen Granulated slag case is arranged in side, and exit is provided with conveyer five beside the vibrating screen, and the five discharge side of conveyer is provided with cleaning Equipment, the cleaning equipment exit side are provided with containing box;
The cracking gas purification system includes deduster one, and one exhaust outlet of deduster is connected with high-temperature filter, the height The gas side that goes out of warm filter is connected with heat exchanger one, and the heat exchanger one is connected with surge tank, the surge tank exhaust side connection There is blower one, one gas outlet of blower is connected to the entrance side of the hot-air system by gas exhaust piping;
The hot-air system includes hot-blast stove, and the hot-blast stove air inlet side is connected with natural gas tank, air hose, the hot-blast stove with Blower two is provided between the air hose, the hot-blast stove goes out gas side and passes through the external furnace body of piping connection to the pyrolysis furnace;
The smoke processing system includes heat exchanger two, and two air inlet side of heat exchanger is connected to the external furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace, Two exhaust side of heat exchanger is connected with deduster two, and the deduster two passes through blower three and piping connection to chimney.
2. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists In: at the discharge of conveyer three described in the one upside face of slide valve, conveyer described in the two discharge port face of slide valve Four.
3. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists It is the double-deck gate in: the slide valve one and the slide valve two, and is provided with inert gas air inlet and bleeding point, it is described The double-deck gate of slide valve one and the slide valve two forces dislocation start-stop using interlocking measure.
4. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists In: the inner furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace is connected by gas exhaust piping with the air inlet of the deduster one.
5. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists In: filling nitrogen and/or vapor in the cracking cabin of the crusher.
6. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists In: the sealing structure of the pyrolysis furnace uses mechanical seal and/or dry gas seals.
7. a kind of Non-oxygen pyrolytic of waste lithium cell positive plate according to claim 1 handles recovery system, feature exists In: the solids management system aluminium foil cleaning treatment equipment first choice ultrasonic high pressure water washer, it secondly can also be using height The mode of fast air-flow rotary screen is cleaned.
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