CN111129633A - Waste lithium battery recovery processing's anaerobic schizolysis system - Google Patents
Waste lithium battery recovery processing's anaerobic schizolysis system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111129633A CN111129633A CN201911190997.0A CN201911190997A CN111129633A CN 111129633 A CN111129633 A CN 111129633A CN 201911190997 A CN201911190997 A CN 201911190997A CN 111129633 A CN111129633 A CN 111129633A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses an anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries, which comprises: the system comprises a pretreatment system, a cracking furnace system, a cracking gas purification system, a hot blast furnace system, a flue gas treatment and discharge system and a solid treatment and separation system; the pretreatment system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the flue gas treatment and discharge system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the solid treatment and separation system is connected with the cracking furnace system, and the cracking furnace system, the cracking gas purification system and the hot blast stove system are connected in series. The invention adopts oxygen-isolated external heating to heat the waste lithium ion battery, and realizes the anaerobic cracking treatment of the pretreated waste lithium ion battery. The system has the advantages of environment-friendly smoke emission, more thorough recovery of valuable metal lithium cobalt nickel and other resources, higher economic benefit and realization of reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of the waste lithium ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste recovery, in particular to an anaerobic cracking system for recovery treatment of waste lithium batteries.
Background
According to the forecast of the China automobile technology research center, the accumulated scrappage of the new energy automobile power battery in China is predicted to reach the scale of 32.2 million tons in 2020. The waste lithium ion power battery contains a large amount of valuable metals and organic matters, and serious environmental pollution and resource waste are caused if the waste lithium ion power battery is not recycled. Taking a ternary material lithium ion power battery as an example, the average contents of nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium, copper and aluminum are respectively 22.1%, 9.3%, 10.5%, 3.9%, 13.3%, 12.7% and the like, wherein the content of a plurality of metals is far higher than that of the metals in the ore. The mineral resources of the raw materials of the lithium ion battery are reduced day by day, particularly the cobalt and lithium resources in China are relatively deficient, and the benign development of the lithium ion battery industry is severely restricted. Therefore, how to avoid the pollution of the waste lithium ion power battery to the environment and realize the comprehensive recycling of valuable metal resources becomes the current focus.
Currently, recovery of large-scale enterprises at home and abroad is mainly directed to common small-sized lithium ion batteries, and a pyrometallurgical treatment technology (represented by Inmetco, sumitomo, and sony in the united states), a hydrometallurgical treatment technology (represented by recpyl, france, and greens, china), and a combined pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical treatment technology (represented by umcore, banpu, china, and ACCUREC, germany, in belgium) are mainly used.
However, the above treatment methods have the problems of high difficulty in manual separation, low purity and recovery rate of recovered products and the like. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an anaerobic cracking system for recycling and disposing waste lithium ion batteries, which has no high requirements on the types and the forms of the waste lithium ion batteries. Compared with pyrogenic process treatment, excessive air does not need to be added for incineration treatment to form a large amount of flue gas, so that toxic and harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides, sulfides, dioxin, heavy metals and the like are avoided; compared with wet treatment, the method does not generate toxic and harmful liquid waste and does not cause secondary pollutants of the environment; meanwhile, the treatment system has the technical advantages of high product recovery rate and high purity for the recovery treatment of the waste lithium ion batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries, which decomposes the lithium ion batteries in an anaerobic cracking mode, has simple process, can effectively recycle valuable metals of positive and negative electrode materials, avoids equipment damage caused by thermit reaction of oxygen and aluminum foil in a positive plate when being heated, and does not generate atmospheric pollutants.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an oxygen-free cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries comprises: the system comprises a pretreatment system, a cracking furnace system, a cracking gas purification system, a hot blast furnace system, a flue gas treatment and discharge system and a solid treatment and separation system; the pretreatment system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the flue gas treatment and discharge system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the solid treatment and separation system is connected with the cracking furnace system, and the cracking furnace system, the cracking gas purification system and the hot blast stove system are connected in series; the pretreatment system comprises a crusher for crushing the lithium battery; the cracking furnace system comprises a cracking furnace for anaerobic cracking treatment, the cracking furnace comprises a furnace body for accommodating lithium batteries and an outer jacket for accommodating heating smoke, the outer jacket is arranged outside the furnace body, and the heating smoke in the outer jacket heats the lithium batteries in the furnace body and enables the lithium batteries to undergo anaerobic cracking; the pyrolysis gas purification system comprises a high-temperature dust remover, a high-temperature filter, a spray tower, a gas-water separator, a buffer tank and a first induced draft fan which are connected in sequence; the cracking furnace is communicated with the high-temperature dust remover; the pyrolysis gas purification system is used for purifying pyrolysis gas generated after the lithium battery is subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis; the hot blast stove system comprises a hot blast stove and a combustion fan, and the hot blast stove is connected with external energy; the combustion-supporting fan is connected with external air and communicated with the hot blast stove; the first induced draft fan is communicated with the hot blast stove; the hot blast stove is communicated with the cracking furnace; the hot blast furnace system provides high-temperature flue gas required by anaerobic cracking for the cracking furnace system; the solid processing and sorting system comprises a water-cooled jacketed bunker, a material seal pump, a first cyclone dust collector, an airflow mill, a second cyclone dust collector, a vibrating screen and a Roots blower arranged on one side of the material seal pump, wherein the water-cooled jacketed bunker, the material seal pump, the first cyclone dust collector, the airflow mill, the second cyclone dust collector and the vibrating screen are sequentially connected; the water-cooling jacket bin is communicated with the cracking furnace; the flue gas treatment and discharge system comprises a flue gas processor and a second induced draft fan, and the second induced draft fan is respectively communicated with the flue gas processor and an external chimney; the flue gas processor is communicated with the cracking furnace.
Further, the pretreatment system also comprises a first material receiving hopper, a baffle conveyor, a third cyclone dust collector, a second material receiving hopper and a quantitative feeder; the baffle conveyor is communicated with the feeding end of the crusher, the discharging end of the crusher is communicated with the third cyclone dust collector, and the constant feeder is communicated with the feeding end of the cracking furnace; the first material receiving hopper, the baffle conveyer, the crusher, the third cyclone dust collector, the second material receiving hopper and the quantitative feeder are connected in sequence.
Further, the pretreatment system also comprises a third induced draft fan and a first bag-type dust collector; the first bag-type dust collector is communicated to the upper parts of the first material receiving hopper and the second material receiving hopper through an air suction cover; one side of the third induced draft fan is communicated with the first bag-type dust collector, and the other side of the third induced draft fan is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
Further, the cracking furnace system also comprises two double-layer flap valves, wherein the double-layer flap valves are respectively arranged at the solid material input end and the solid material output end of the cracking furnace.
Further, the solid treatment and sorting system further comprises a fourth induced draft fan and a second bag-type dust collector; the second bag-type dust collector is communicated to the upper part of the vibrating screen through an air suction cover, and the second bag-type dust collector is also communicated to the first cyclone dust collector and the second cyclone dust collector; one end of the fourth induced draft fan is communicated with the second bag-type dust collector, and the other end of the fourth induced draft fan is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
Further, in the cracked gas purification system, the number of the high-temperature filters is 2.
Further, the pretreatment system also comprises an electric hoist for transporting the lithium battery into the first receiving hopper.
Furthermore, an emergency discharge valve is also arranged in the hot blast stove.
Furthermore, the cracking furnace is also provided with an explosion-proof valve explosion-proof sheet, a gas online monitoring device and an alarm.
Further, the crusher is filled with inert gas and provided with a water spraying device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts oxygen-isolated external heating to heat the waste lithium ion battery, and realizes the anaerobic cracking treatment of the pretreated waste lithium ion battery. Compared with incineration treatment, the system does not generate heavy metal fly ash and dioxin, the smoke emission is more environment-friendly, the final valuable metal lithium, cobalt, nickel and other resources are more thoroughly recovered, the economic benefit is higher, and the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of the waste lithium ion battery is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cracking furnace system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cracked gas purification system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hot blast stove system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a solids processing and sorting system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a flue gas treatment and exhaust system.
In the figure: 10. a pre-treatment system; 101. an electric hoist; 102. a first receiving hopper; 103. a baffle conveyor; 104. a crusher; 105. a third cyclone; 106. a second receiving hopper; 107. a constant feeder; 108. a first bag-type dust collector; 109. a third induced draft fan; 20. a cracking furnace system; 201. a first double-layer flap valve; 202. a cracking furnace; 203. a second double-layer flap valve; 30. a cracked gas purification system; 301. a high temperature dust remover; 302. a high temperature filter; 303. a spray tower; 304. a gas-water separator; 305. a buffer tank; 306. a first induced draft fan; 40. a hot blast stove system; 401. a hot blast stove; 402. a combustion fan; 50. a solids processing and sorting system; 501. a water-cooled jacket bin; 502. a Roots blower; 503. a material sealing pump; 504. a first cyclone; 505. a second cyclone; 506. a second bag-type dust collector; 507. a fourth induced draft fan; 508. performing jet milling; 509. vibrating screen; 60. a flue gas treatment and discharge system; 601. a flue gas processor; 602. a second induced draft fan; 603. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
The invention discloses an anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries, which comprises: the system comprises a pretreatment system 10, a cracking furnace system 20, a cracking gas purification system 30, a hot blast stove system 40, a solid treatment and separation system 50 and a flue gas treatment and discharge system 60.
Referring to fig. 1, a pretreatment system 10 is connected to the cracking furnace system 20, a flue gas treatment and discharge system 60 is connected to the cracking furnace system 20, a solid treatment and sorting system 50 is connected to the cracking furnace system 20, a cracking gas purification system 30, and a hot blast stove system 40 are connected in series.
More specifically, the cracking furnace 202 has five ports, which are respectively a solid material input port, a solid material output port, a cracked gas output port, a flue gas input port, and a flue gas output port. The pretreatment system 10 is connected to the solid material input end of the cracking furnace system 20, the cracked gas output end of the cracking furnace system 20 is connected to the cracked gas purification system 30, the gas output end of the cracked gas purification system 30 is connected to the hot blast furnace system 40, the hot blast furnace system 40 is connected to the flue gas input end of the cracking furnace system 20, and flue gas after sufficient heat exchange is connected to the flue gas treatment and discharge system 60 through the flue gas output end of the cracking furnace 202; the solid material output end of the cracking furnace system 20 is connected to the solid processing and sorting system 50, and finally, the waste lithium ion battery is recycled and disposed.
Referring to FIG. 2, the subsystems are described in detail below.
The pretreatment system 10 includes: an electric hoist 101; a first material receiving hopper 102, a baffle conveyer 103, a crusher 104, a third cyclone 105, a second material receiving hopper 106 and a quantitative feeder 107 which are connected in sequence; and a third induced draft fan 109 and a first bag-type dust collector 108. See fig. 3.
The baffle conveyer 103 is connected below the first material receiving hopper 102, the crusher 104 is arranged below the baffle conveyer 103, a discharge hole of the crusher 104 is communicated with the third cyclone 105, the second material receiving hopper 106 is arranged below the third cyclone 105, the constant feeder 107 is arranged below the second material receiving hopper 106, and a discharge end of the constant feeder 107 is connected with the cracking furnace system 20. Meanwhile, the first bag-type dust collector 108 is communicated to the upper parts of the first material receiving hopper 102 and the second material receiving hopper 106 through an air suction hood; one side of the third induced draft fan 109 is communicated with the first bag-type dust collector 108, and the other side is communicated with the external atmosphere.
The cracking furnace system 20 includes: the cracking furnace 202 and 2 double-layer flap valves, the double-layer flap valve is respectively arranged at the solid material input end and the solid material output end of the cracking furnace 202. The cracking furnace 202 is used for carrying out oxygen-free cracking on the lithium battery, and the double-layer flap valve is used for effectively controlling oxygen carried by the material, so that the oxygen amount and the oxygen probability entering the furnace are reduced. See fig. 4.
Wherein, the pyrolysis furnace 202 has outer jacket structure, and specifically speaking, the pyrolysis furnace 202 is used for holding the pending material including the stove body that is used for holding the lithium cell and the outer jacket that holds the heating flue gas, the stove is internal to be used for holding, and the outer jacket is used for holding the flue gas with the indirect heat transfer of material.
Broken lithium cell gets into the stove body of pyrolysis furnace 202 through first double-deck flap valve 201 in, and the heating furnace system is pyrolysis furnace system 20 input and is used for the flue gas of heating pyrolysis, and the flue gas of well high temperature gets into in the outer jacket, does not communicate between outer jacket and the stove body, therefore the flue gas realizes indirect heat transfer with the material, and the material takes place the heating pyrolysis, produces cracked gas and the material after the schizolysis. After cracking, the cracked gas in the furnace body enters the cracked gas purification system 30 through the cracked gas output end, the flue gas in the outer jacket enters the flue gas treatment and discharge system 60 through the flue gas output end, and the cracked material enters the solid treatment and separation system 50 through the solid material output end after passing through the second double-layer flap valve 203.
In addition, an explosion-proof valve explosion-proof sheet, a gas online monitoring device and an alarm are arranged in the cracking furnace 202, so that the gas condition in the cracking furnace 202 is monitored in real time and the alarm is given out, and explosion accidents are prevented; the furnace temperature is controlled by controlling the amount of flue gas entering the furnace 202.
The cracked gas purification system 30 includes: the system comprises a high-temperature dust remover 301, a high-temperature filter 302, a spray tower 303, a gas-water separator 304, a buffer tank 305 and a first induced draft fan 306 which are connected in sequence. Wherein, the high temperature filter 302 is provided with one use and one standby, and the number of the high temperature filter is 2. See fig. 5.
The pyrolysis gas outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace 202 is communicated with a high-temperature dust remover 301, pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 202 firstly enters the high-temperature dust remover 301 for dust removal, then enters a high-temperature filter 302 for treatments such as deacidification and heavy metal removal, the pyrolysis gas treated by the high-temperature filter 302 enters a spray tower 303 for further deacidification treatment, enters a gas-water separator 304 after the treatments are finished, moisture in the gas is separated out, then is stored in a buffer tank 305, and the purified pyrolysis gas is sent to a hot blast stove 401 by a first induced draft fan 306 for utilization.
The hot blast stove system 40 includes a hot blast stove 401 and a combustion fan 402. The hot blast stove 401 has four interfaces, specifically: the hot blast stove 401 is connected with external energy, which can be natural gas, diesel oil or other energy; the combustion fan 402 is connected with external air, and the combustion fan 402 is communicated with the hot blast stove 401 to introduce the air into the hot blast stove 401; the hot blast stove 401 is communicated with the pyrolysis gas purification system 30 through a first induced draft fan 306; the hot blast stove 401 is also in communication with the cracking furnace 202. See fig. 6.
The purified pyrolysis gas is sent into the hot blast stove 401 through the first induced draft fan 306, external energy is introduced into the hot blast stove 401 at the same time, the pyrolysis gas and the energy are fully mixed and then are combusted in the hot blast stove 401, and the combustion-supporting fan 402 provides sufficient air for combustion. The middle-high temperature flue gas generated by combustion enters the outer jacket of the cracking furnace 202, and provides sufficient middle-high temperature flue gas for the cracking furnace system 20 to realize the cracking reaction of the materials. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas generated by the invention is recycled, and the energy consumption rate of the whole system is reduced.
In addition, an emergency discharge valve is arranged in the hot blast stove 401, and when a system fault occurs and emergency power failure is needed, the emergency discharge valve is automatically opened, so that the safety of system equipment is protected.
The flue gas treatment and discharge system 60 comprises: the flue gas treater 601 and the second induced draft fan 602, the flue gas treater 601 and the pyrolysis furnace 202 communicate, and one end and the flue gas treater 601 intercommunication of second induced draft fan 602, the other end communicates with outside chimney 603. See fig. 8.
The middle-high temperature flue gas in the cracking furnace 202 enters the flue gas treatment and discharge system 60, firstly enters the flue gas processor 601, the flue gas processor 601 has the functions of flue gas heat exchange and purification, and the treated flue gas is sent to an external chimney 603 through a second induced draft fan 602 to be discharged after reaching the standard.
The solid treatment and sorting system 50 comprises a water-cooling jacket bin 501, a material seal pump 503, a first cyclone dust collector 504, an airflow mill 508, a second cyclone dust collector 505 and a vibrating screen 509 which are connected in sequence; the device also comprises a Roots blower 502 arranged on one side of the material seal pump 503; and a fourth induced draft fan 507 and a second bag-type dust collector 506. See fig. 7.
Meanwhile, the second bag-type dust collector 506 is communicated to the upper part of the vibrating screen 509 through a suction hood, and is also communicated to the first cyclone dust collector 504 and the second cyclone dust collector 505; one end of a fourth induced draft fan 507 is communicated with the second bag-type dust collector 506, and the other end is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
Solid products generated in the cracking furnace 202 enter the solid processing and sorting system 50, firstly enter a water cooling jacket bin 501, the water cooling jacket bin 501 is connected with an external water cooling tower to be introduced with cooling water, cooled solid materials enter a material sealing pump 503 below, the materials are sent into a first cyclone dust collector 504 by the supplementary power of a Roots blower 502, the first cyclone dust collector 504 serves as conveying equipment to send the materials to an airflow mill 508, the airflow mill 508 is connected with an external air compressor station to be introduced with compressed air, a second cyclone dust collector 505 is connected behind the airflow mill 508, and the second cyclone dust collector 505 serves as conveying equipment to send the materials to a vibrating screen 509, so that the sorting and processing of fixed materials are completed, and the recycling of valuable metals is realized. Meanwhile, the second bag-type dust collector 506 collects dust and performs end treatment on the vibrating screen 509, the first cyclone 504 and the second cyclone 505, and discharges the dust to the outside atmosphere through the fourth induced draft fan 507.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:
1. temperature control measures
The pyrolysis gas generated by the system is utilized to mix and combust with external energy to heat materials, so that the pyrolysis treatment is realized, the temperature in the furnace is controlled in an indirect heating mode, the flame is prevented from directly appearing in the pyrolysis furnace, the aluminothermic reaction in the furnace generated by local heating of the materials can be avoided, and the control of the temperature in the furnace is facilitated.
2. Oxygen barrier measures
① the heat carrier entering the cracking furnace is middle and high temperature smoke with oxygen content less than 1%, not air directly entering the furnace, ② the material feeding and discharging are both in double layer flap valve form to effectively control the oxygen carried by the material, and reduce the oxygen amount and probability entering the furnace.
3. Safety measures for the process
① adopts cracking technique of external heating of flue gas to prevent aluminothermic reaction caused by local heating of materials, ② adopts oxygen isolation measure to prevent a large amount of air from entering and effectively control the temperature in the furnace, ③ water cooling jacket bin adopts indirect water cooling mode to prevent water from directly contacting with slag and prevent water from reacting with lithium in the battery and also play a role of homogenization, ④ hot blast stove is provided with emergency discharge valve, ⑤ cracking furnace is provided with safety measure such as explosion-proof valve explosion-proof sheet, gas on-line monitoring device and alarm.
The invention adopts the mode of indirect countercurrent heat exchange of the medium-high temperature flue gas after oxygen control treatment to heat the pretreated lithium ion battery, and the device can carry out anaerobic cracking treatment on materials. The system adopts a circulating heating mode, so that the device can continuously operate, is high in efficiency, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly. Compared with incineration treatment, no heavy metal fly ash and dioxin are generated, the smoke emission is more environment-friendly, the recovery of valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt and manganese of the lithium ion battery is facilitated, and the reduction, harmless and resource treatment of waste is realized.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a waste lithium battery recovery processing's anaerobic cracking system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a pretreatment system, a cracking furnace system, a cracking gas purification system, a hot blast furnace system, a flue gas treatment and discharge system and a solid treatment and separation system;
the pretreatment system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the flue gas treatment and discharge system is connected with the cracking furnace system, the solid treatment and separation system is connected with the cracking furnace system, and the cracking furnace system, the cracking gas purification system and the hot blast stove system are connected in series;
the pretreatment system comprises a crusher for crushing the lithium battery;
the cracking furnace system comprises a cracking furnace for anaerobic cracking treatment of the lithium battery, the cracking furnace comprises a furnace body for accommodating the lithium battery and an outer jacket for accommodating heating smoke, the outer jacket is arranged outside the furnace body, and the heating smoke in the outer jacket heats the lithium battery in the furnace body and enables the lithium battery to be subjected to anaerobic cracking;
the pyrolysis gas purification system comprises a high-temperature dust remover, a high-temperature filter, a spray tower, a gas-water separator, a buffer tank and a first induced draft fan which are connected in sequence; the cracking furnace is communicated with the high-temperature dust remover; the pyrolysis gas purification system is used for purifying pyrolysis gas generated after the lithium battery is subjected to anaerobic pyrolysis;
the hot blast stove system comprises a hot blast stove and a combustion fan, and the hot blast stove is connected with external energy; the combustion-supporting fan is connected with external air and communicated with the hot blast stove; the first induced draft fan is communicated with the hot blast stove; the hot blast stove is communicated with the cracking furnace; the hot blast furnace system provides high-temperature flue gas required by anaerobic cracking for the cracking furnace system;
the solid processing and sorting system comprises a water-cooled jacketed bunker, a material seal pump, a first cyclone dust collector, an airflow mill, a second cyclone dust collector, a vibrating screen and a Roots blower arranged on one side of the material seal pump, wherein the water-cooled jacketed bunker, the material seal pump, the first cyclone dust collector, the airflow mill, the second cyclone dust collector and the vibrating screen are sequentially connected; the water-cooling jacket bin is communicated with the cracking furnace;
the flue gas treatment and discharge system comprises a flue gas processor and a second induced draft fan, and the second induced draft fan is respectively communicated with the flue gas processor and an external chimney; the flue gas processor is communicated with the cracking furnace.
2. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment system further comprises a first material receiving hopper, a baffle conveyor, a third cyclone dust collector, a second material receiving hopper and a quantitative feeder; the baffle conveyor is communicated with the feeding end of the crusher, the discharging end of the crusher is communicated with the third cyclone dust collector, and the constant feeder is communicated with the feeding end of the cracking furnace; the first material receiving hopper, the baffle conveyer, the crusher, the third cyclone dust collector, the second material receiving hopper and the quantitative feeder are connected in sequence.
3. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the pretreatment system further comprises a third induced draft fan and a first bag-type dust collector; the first bag-type dust collector is communicated to the upper parts of the first material receiving hopper and the second material receiving hopper through an air suction cover; one side of the third induced draft fan is communicated with the first bag-type dust collector, and the other side of the third induced draft fan is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
4. The oxygen-free cracking system for recycling the waste lithium batteries as recited in claim 1, wherein the cracking furnace system further comprises two double-layer flap valves, and the double-layer flap valves are respectively arranged at the solid material input end and the solid material output end of the cracking furnace.
5. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein the solid treatment and sorting system further comprises a fourth induced draft fan and a second bag-type dust collector; the second bag-type dust collector is communicated to the upper part of the vibrating screen through an air suction cover, and the second bag-type dust collector is also communicated to the first cyclone dust collector and the second cyclone dust collector; one end of the fourth induced draft fan is communicated with the second bag-type dust collector, and the other end of the fourth induced draft fan is communicated with the outside atmosphere.
6. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries as recited in claim 1, wherein the number of the high temperature filters in the cracked gas purification system is 2.
7. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling spent lithium batteries as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pretreatment system further comprises an electric block for transporting the lithium batteries into the first receiving hopper.
8. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein an emergency discharge valve is further disposed in the hot blast stove.
9. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cracking furnace is further provided with an explosion-proof valve explosion-proof sheet, a gas online monitoring device and an alarm.
10. The anaerobic cracking system for recycling waste lithium batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crusher is filled with inert gas and provided with a water spraying device.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111900506A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-06 | 韶山润泽新能源科技有限公司 | Battery positive plate regeneration treatment system and process |
| CN112588773A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | Oxygen-free cracking process for positive and negative electrode powder of lithium battery |
| CN117299740A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Waste battery recycling system and control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111900506A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-06 | 韶山润泽新能源科技有限公司 | Battery positive plate regeneration treatment system and process |
| CN112588773A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽南都华铂新材料科技有限公司 | Oxygen-free cracking process for positive and negative electrode powder of lithium battery |
| CN117299740A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Waste battery recycling system and control method |
| CN117299740B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-02-06 | 光大环保技术装备（常州）有限公司 | Waste battery recycling system and control method |
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