CN110882092A - 一种半髋及其制造工艺 - Google Patents
一种半髋及其制造工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110882092A CN110882092A CN201911330809.XA CN201911330809A CN110882092A CN 110882092 A CN110882092 A CN 110882092A CN 201911330809 A CN201911330809 A CN 201911330809A CN 110882092 A CN110882092 A CN 110882092A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- femoral head
- half hip
- hip
- femoral
- heat treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30978—Designing or manufacturing processes using electrical discharge machining [EDM]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2002/30985—Designing or manufacturing processes using three dimensional printing [3DP]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
- A61F2002/3611—Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种半髋及其制造工艺,一种半髋,包括股骨头和股骨柄,所述股骨头设置于股骨柄上方,所述股骨头是中空的,所述股骨头包括股骨头壁和股骨头腔,所述股骨头的直径范围是40mm‑60mm,所述股骨头壁厚3mm‑5mm;一种半髋的制造工艺,包括先将金属粉末用3D金属打印机将半髋打印成型,再对打印成型的半髋进行热处理,然后将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底分离,之后对分离后的半髋进行打磨。本发明半髋的设计,减轻了假体重量,防止假体下沉,减少制作费用,减轻患者负担;制造工艺使实现上述设计成为可能,增加材料的韧性,减少脆裂的可能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及髋关节假体制造领域,具体是一种半髋及其制造工艺。
背景技术
半髋关节置换手术,是将人工假体,利用填充骨水泥后插入假体以固定在正常的骨质上,以取代病变的关节,重建患者髋关节的正常功能,已经是一种较成熟可靠的治疗手段。骨性关节炎、股骨头坏死、股骨颈骨折、类风湿性关节炎、创伤性关节炎、良性和恶性骨肿瘤等,都有进行髋关节置换术的指征。现有技术中最常用的半髋假体的材料是钴铬钼合金,钴铬钼合金具有耐疲劳性好和抗拉强度高的优点,很适合应用在需要寿命长、不会骨折的半髋假体置换手术中;但是铸造钴铬钼合金较为昂贵,给普通的患者造成不小的经济压力,而且容易受加工硬度不均影响,钴铬钼合金经过铸造后,其力学性能不高,气孔多,韧性降低;传统的半髋假体都是实心的铸造钴铬钼合金,在造成材料浪费的情况下还增加患者消费压力,另外假体过重会让假体发生下沉现象,造成患者疼痛不适。本发明公开的一种半髋,包括股骨柄和股骨头,其中股骨头是中空的,可以减轻患者经济压力,还可以防止假体下沉出现的疼痛不适;对应于本发明的一种半髋的制造工艺,利用增材制造的方式实现股骨头中空的构造,对加工成型的半髋进行特殊的热处理工艺,可以在保证钴铬钼合金力学性能的同时,增加钴铬钼合金的韧性,降低脆性,达到医用标准;3D打印成型技术通过常采用30um左右的超细粉末为原材料,通常铺粉厚度小于100um,每个加工层控制的厚度很薄,可以达到30um,该技术还使用了光斑很小的激光束,可以使形成的半髋具有很高的精密度,可达0.1um,制造的零件经过简单的喷砂或者抛光即可直接使用,由于材料及切削加工的节省,制造成本可以降低,生产周期可以缩短。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种半髋及其制造工艺,以解决现有技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种半髋,包括股骨头和股骨柄,所述股骨头设置于股骨柄上方,所述股骨头是中空的,所述股骨头包括股骨头壁和股骨头腔,所述股骨头腔设置于股骨头壁内部,所述股骨柄和股骨头用钴铬钼合金粉末制造。
上述股骨头上设置的股骨头腔,这种特殊的结构大大减少了钴铬钼合金的用量,一方面制造成本下降,减轻患者做半髋置换手术的经济压力,另一方面减轻了半髋的重量,防止了手术后假体下沉给患者造成的疼痛不适。
所述骨股柄和股骨头为一体成型。
可选的,所述骨股柄和股骨头还可拆卸连接。
上述股骨柄和股骨头固定连接的方式,是利用增材制造的方式制造;股骨柄和股骨头也可以拆卸连接的方式,其中股骨头利用增材制造的方式制造,股骨柄可以用锻造或者铸造等多种方式制造,可以适应不同的制造条件。
所述可拆卸连接的半髋的股骨头还包括股骨头槽,所述股骨头槽设置于股骨头下部,所述股骨柄上端设置有内锥,所述内锥配于股骨头槽中。
上述股骨头槽和内锥的设计是股骨头和股骨柄实现卡接的装置。
所述可拆卸连接的半髋的内锥和股骨头槽锥配的角度是5°42′。
上述分开制造的股骨柄和股骨头是利用上述股骨头槽和内锥配,锥配的角度是国际公用最牢固的角度,运用这个角度可以保证股骨柄和股骨头之间锁死不松动。
所述股骨头的直径范围是40mm-60mm,所述股骨头壁厚3mm-5mm。
上述股骨头壁的厚度,既能保证半髋所需要的强度,又能最大限度的减少用材,减轻重量,防止半髋下沉。
一种半髋的制造工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将金属粉末用3D打印机将半髋打印成型;
步骤二,用电火花线切割机将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底切割分离;
步骤三,将打印成型的半髋放入真空热处理设备中进行热处理;
步骤四,用喷砂机将与3D打印机的基底分离的半髋进行喷砂打磨;
步骤五,用抛光机将喷砂打磨后的半髋进行抛光处理得到打磨后的半髋。
所述步骤三中热处理的方法是先用真空热处理设备将半髋加热至1230℃-1280℃,再将半髋随真空热处理设备冷却至1200℃,然后将氮气充满到真空热处理设备中,至半髋冷却到室温。
3D打印的半髋的的各项指标已经达到了医学标准,但是延伸率还是偏低小于8%,容易产生脆性断裂,制造时不通过固溶处理直接进行高温烧结,打印完成后随炉冷却至1200℃,再充入氮气迅速冷却至室温。这样的热处理工艺使半髋的力学性能全部高于行业标准要求,强度及塑性都有显著提高,其中伸长率8%以上,抗拉强度提高了12%。
所述步骤一中的金属粉末是MPI型钴铬钼合金粉末,粉末粒径5-45um,所述半髋打印成型过程中3D打印机的参数设置是输出功率为200W档位,实际输出功率为195W,光斑直径为90um-110um,扫描速度为700mm/s,搭接率为20um,铺粉厚度20um-50um,激光烧结的温度为1270℃-1285℃,打印时间为35min-45min,所述打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.2mm-60.2mm;
设置上述参数打印出来的半髋,致密度几乎能达到99%,相比于传统铸造方法铸造的半髋,具有更好的力学性能,光斑直径的大小范围和扑粉厚度的范围刚好能打印出较为精确的半髋,粗糙度能以um计算,经过简单的打磨或者抛光就可以得到精密光滑的半髋。
所述步骤二中切割方式采用高速往复走丝电火花线切割,所述切割过程中电火花线切割机的脉冲宽度设定为50ms,脉冲间隔为800ms;
设置脉冲宽度设定为50ms、脉冲间隔为800ms时,能较大限度的保证所打印的半髋和基底分离时的平整度,又不至于使半髋温度过高,发生力学性能的改变。
所述步骤三中加热到1230℃-1280℃用时7min-9min,所述半髋1200℃冷却至室温用时1.5h;
相较于传统的热处理方式,上述热处理方式,节约了近3倍的时间。
所述步骤四中喷砂为80um-120um的氧化铝粉末,喷砂持续时间5min-7min,所述打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm;
用80um-120um的氧化铝粉末对半髋进行打磨5min-7min,可以得到相对精确的半髋尺寸,氧化铝粉末的粒径过大,半髋的平整度不能达到要求,氧化铝粉末的粒径过小,又会导致打磨时间过长,打磨力度不够。
所述步骤五中所述抛光机的转速为400r/min-600r/min,抛光时长为10s-15s,所述打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40mm-60mm。
半髋是相对精密的人体植入假体,对于精确度的要求较高,上述参数的设置,刚好能达到半髋要求的尺寸。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、对半髋的结构进行了改进,股骨头是中空的构造,减轻了半髋的重量,使患者在装入假体后,防止因假体下沉导致疼痛不适;
2、股骨头中空的构造和3D制造工艺的运用,减少了钴铬钼合金材料的用量,减少了制作费用,减轻了患者的经济压力;
3、半髋的制造工艺,使用了3D打印的方式,是股骨头中空构造得以实现的必要条件;
4、改进了半髋的制造工艺中热处理的工艺,增加了钴铬钼合金的韧性,减少了脆性,使其力学性能达到医用标准。
附图说明
图1为本发明半髋的结构示意图;
图2为本发明可拆卸的股骨头的结构示意图;
图3为本发明可拆卸的股骨柄的结构示意图;
图4为本发明半髋的制造工艺的流程图。
附图标号:1、股骨头;2、股骨柄;3、股骨头壁;4、股骨头腔;5、股骨头槽;6、外锥。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:如图1所示,一种半髋,包括股骨头1和股骨柄2,股骨头1设置于股骨柄2上方,股骨头1是中空的,股骨头1是一种中空的球型构造,手术时安装在人体的生理髋臼内,用以代替人体需要置换的部分股骨,股骨柄2是长条状柱体,手术时安装在人体的股骨髓腔内,用以代替人体需要置换的部分股骨;股骨头1包括股骨头壁3和股骨头腔4,股骨头腔4设置于股骨头壁3内部,股骨头壁3和股骨头腔4的设计一方面保证了半髋假体需要的强度和构造,另一方面是减轻半髋假体重量的关键部位,股骨柄2和股骨头1用钴铬钼合金制造,钴铬钼合金具有耐疲劳性好和抗拉强度高的优点,很适合应用在需要寿命长、不会骨折的半髋假体置换手术中。
股骨柄2和股骨头1是一体成型的,一体成型的股骨柄2和股骨头1完全用3D打印机打印,打印时长缩短,用材减少,重量下降,成本降低。
股骨头1的最大外直径是40mm-60mm,股骨头壁3厚3mm-5mm,股骨头1的直径大小可以适应不同尺寸的半髋,股骨头壁3的厚度保证了股骨头的强度,又可以最大限度的减少用材,减轻半髋的质量。
实施例2:如图2、3所示,一种半髋,包括股骨头1和骨股柄2,股骨头1设置于骨股柄2上方,股骨头1是中空的,股骨头1是一种中空的球型构造,手术时安装在人体的髋臼中,用以代替人体需要置换的部分股骨,股骨柄2是长条状柱体,手术时安装在人体的股骨髓腔内,用以代替人体需要置换的部分股骨;股骨头1包括股骨头壁3和股骨头腔4,股骨头腔4设置于股骨头壁3内部,股骨头壁3和股骨头腔4的设计一方面保证了半髋假体需要的强度和构造,另一方面是减轻半髋假体重量的关键部位,股骨柄2和股骨头1用钴铬钼合金制造,钴铬钼合金具有耐疲劳性好和抗拉强度高的优点,很适合应用在需要寿命长、不会骨折的半髋假体置换手术中。
骨股柄2和股骨头1可拆卸连接,可拆卸连接的股骨柄2和股骨头1可以适应不同的加工条件,股骨头1用3D打印的方式制造,股骨柄2可以采用不同的制造方式,如锻造或锻造。
股骨头1还包括股骨头槽5,股骨头槽5设置于股骨头1下部,骨股柄2上端设置有外锥6,外锥6锥配于股骨头槽5中,股骨头槽5是凹进股骨头1中的,是上边尖头的圆柱型构造,外锥6是突出于股骨柄中的,和股骨头槽5的构造一致,用以相互配合。
外锥6和股骨头槽5锥配的角度是5°42′,股骨头槽5和外锥6相互配合的角度是国际公用的最稳定的椎配角度,能稳固的连接股骨头1和股骨柄2,防止松动给患者带来损害。
股骨头1的最大外直径范围是40mm-60mm,股骨头壁3厚3mm-5mm,股骨头壁3的厚度既保证了股骨头的强度,又可以最大限度的减少用材,减轻半髋的重量,股骨头1的直径大小可以适应不同尺寸的半髋。
实施例3:一种半髋的制造工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将金属粉末用3D打印机将半髋打印成型,所用3D打印机的型号是EOSM280;
步骤二,用电火花线切割机将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底切割分离,电火花线切割机的型号是TLSF-80TC;
步骤三,将打印成型的半髋放入真空热处理设备中进行热处理,真空热处理设备的型号是VF1300;
步骤四,用喷砂机将与3D打印机的基底分离的半髋进行喷砂打磨,喷砂机的型号是TB-NA600-8A,
步骤五,用抛光机将喷砂打磨后的半髋进行抛光处理得到打磨后的半髋,抛光机的型号是ZS460B-H。
步骤三中热处理的方法是先用真空热处理设备将半髋加热至1230℃-1280℃,再将真空热处理设备控制在1000℃保持4h,然后将成型的半髋空冷处理。
步骤一中的金属粉末是MPI型钴铬钼合金粉末,粉末粒径5-45um,半髋打印成型过程中3D打印机的参数设置是输出功率为200W档位,实际输出功率为195W,光斑直径为110um,扫描速度为700mm/s,搭接率为20um,铺粉厚度50um,激光烧结的温度为1270℃-1285℃;
上述工艺参数打印半髋所用的打印时间为35min,打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.2mm-60.2mm。
步骤二中切割方式采用高速往复走丝电火花线切割,切割过程中电火花线切割机的脉冲宽度设定为50ms,脉冲间隔为800ms;
步骤三中加热到1230℃-1280℃用时7min-9min,半髋空冷的速率是7.6℃/min,用时2h,热处理后半髋的延伸率达到10%以上,高于8%的医用标准。
步骤四中喷砂为80um-120um的氧化铝粉末,喷砂持续时间5min-7min,打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm;
步骤五中所述抛光机的转速为400r/min-600r/min,抛光时长为10s-15s,打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40mm-60mm。
实施例4:一种半髋的制造工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将金属粉末用3D打印机将半髋打印成型,所用3D打印机的型号是EOSM280;
步骤二,用电火花线切割机将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底切割分离,电火花线切割机的型号是TLSF-80TC;
步骤三,将打印成型的半髋放入真空热处理设备中进行热处理,真空热处理设备的型号是VF1300;
步骤四,用抛光机将喷砂打磨后的半髋进行抛光处理得到打磨后的半髋,抛光机的型号是ZS460B-H。
步骤三中热处理的方法是先用真空热处理设备将半髋加热至1230℃-1280℃,再将半髋随真空热处理设备冷却至1200℃,然后将氮气充满到真空热处理设备中,至半髋冷却到室温。
步骤一中的金属粉末是MPI型钴铬钼合金粉末,粉末粒径5-45um,半髋打印成型过程中3D打印机的参数设置是输出功率为200W档位,实际输出功率为195W,光斑直径为90um,扫描速度700mm/s,搭接率为20um,铺粉厚度20um,激光烧结的温度为1270℃-1285℃。
上述工艺参数打印半髋所用的打印时间为45min,打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm。
步骤二中切割方式采用高速往复走丝电火花线切割,切割过程中电火花线切割机的脉冲宽度设定为50ms,脉冲间隔为800ms;
步骤三中加热到1230℃-1280℃用时7min-9min,半髋1200℃冷却至室温的速率是13.3℃/min,用时1.5h,这样的热处理工艺使半髋的力学性能全部高于行业标准要求,强度及塑性都有显著提高,其中抗拉强度提高了12%,延伸率达到10%以上,远高于8%的医用标准。
步骤四中抛光机的转速为400r/min-600r/min,抛光时长为10s-15s,打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40mm-60mm。
实施例5:一种半髋的制造工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将金属粉末用3D打印机将半髋打印成型,所用3D打印机的型号是EOSM280;
步骤二,用电火花线切割机将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底切割分离,电火花线切割机的型号是TLSF-80TC;
步骤三,将打印成型的半髋放入真空热处理设备中进行热处理,真空热处理设备的型号是VF1300;
步骤四,用喷砂机将与3D打印机的基底分离的半髋进行喷砂打磨,喷砂机的型号是TB-NA600-8A,
步骤五,用抛光机将喷砂打磨后的半髋进行抛光处理得到打磨后的半髋,抛光机的型号是ZS460B-H。
步骤三中热处理的方法是先用真空热处理设备将半髋加热至1230℃-1280℃,再将半髋随真空热处理设备冷却至1200℃,然后将氮气充满到真空热处理设备中,至半髋冷却到室温。
步骤一中的金属粉末是MPI型钴铬钼合金粉末,粉末粒径5-45um,半髋打印成型过程中3D打印机的参数设置是输出功率为200W档位,实际输出功率为195W,光斑直径为100um,扫描速度700mm/s,搭接率为20um,铺粉厚度35um,激光烧结的温度为1270℃-1285℃;
上述工艺参数打印半髋所用的打印时间为40min,打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.12mm-60.12mm。
步骤二中切割方式采用高速往复走丝电火花线切割,切割过程中电火花线切割机的脉冲宽度设定为50ms,脉冲间隔为800ms;
步骤三中加热到1230℃-1280℃用时7min-9min,半髋1200℃冷却至室温用时1.5h;
步骤四中喷砂为80um-120um的氧化铝粉末,喷砂持续时间5min-7min,打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm;
步骤五中所述抛光机的转速为400r/min-600r/min,抛光时长为10s-15s,打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40mm-60mm。
上述实施例3、4和5中,优选的是实施例4:
对比实施例3和5,虽然实施例4的打印时间为45min,均长于实施例3和5中的35min和40min,但是打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm,精确度均高于实施例3和5中的40.12mm-60.12mm和40.2mm-60.2mm,省去了喷砂机的喷砂打磨步骤,节省了设备和工艺步骤;
实施例4和5中热处理的方法是用真空热处理设备将半髋加热到1230℃-1280℃,用时7min-9min,半髋1200℃冷却至室温的速率是13.3℃/min,用时1.5h,这样的热处理工艺使半髋的力学性能全部高于行业标准要求,强度及塑性都有显著提高,其中抗拉强度提高了12%,延伸率达到10%以上,远高于8%的医用标准。对比实施例3中热处理的方法用真空热处理设备将半髋加热到1230℃-1280℃,用时7min-9min,再将真空热处理设备控制在1000℃保持4h,然后将成型的半髋空冷处理,半髋空冷的速率是7.6℃/min,用时2h,热处理后半髋的延伸率达到8%以上,高于8%的医用标准。实施例4和5相对于实施例3,热处理用时缩短了4.5h,节省了时间,还获得了更优秀的力学性能;
综上,优选的是实施例4。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
Claims (9)
1.一种半髋,包括股骨头和股骨柄,其特征在于:所述股骨头设置于股骨柄上方,所述股骨头是中空的,所述股骨头包括股骨头壁和股骨头腔,所述股骨头腔设置于股骨头壁内部,所述股骨柄和股骨头用钴铬钼合金粉末制造。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种半髋,其特征在于:所述股骨柄和股骨头为一体打印成型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种半髋,其特征在于:所述股骨柄和股骨头也可拆卸连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种半髋,其特征在于:所述股骨头还包括股骨头内槽,所述股骨头内槽设置于股骨头下部,所述股骨柄上端设置有外锥,所述外锥配于股骨头槽中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种半髋,其特征在于:所述外锥和股骨头槽锥配的角度是5°42′。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的一种半髋,其特征在于:所述股骨头的最大外直径是40mm-60mm,所述股骨头壁厚3mm-5mm。
7.一种半髋的制造工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将金属粉末用3D打印机将半髋打印成型;
步骤二,用电火花线切割机将打印成型的半髋与3D打印机的基底切割分离;
步骤三,将打印成型的半髋放入真空热处理设备中进行热处理;
步骤四,用喷砂机将与3D打印机的基底分离的半髋进行喷砂处理;
步骤五,用抛光机将喷砂打磨后的半髋进行抛光处理得到打磨后的半髋。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种半髋的制造工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤三中热处理的方法是先用真空热处理设备将半髋加热至1230℃-1280℃,再将半髋随真空热处理设备冷却至1200℃,然后将氮气充满到真空热处理设备中,至半髋冷却到室温。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种半髋的制造工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤一中的金属粉末是MPI型钴铬钼合金粉末,粉末粒径5-45um,所述半髋打印成型过程中3D打印机的参数设置是输出功率为200W档位,实际输出功率为195W,光斑直径为90um-110um,扫描速度700mm/s,搭接率为20um,铺粉厚度20um-50um,激光烧结的温度为1270℃-1285℃,打印时间为35min-45min,所述打印成型的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.2mm-60.2mm;
所述步骤二中切割方式采用高速往复走丝电火花线切割,所述切割过程中电火花线切割机的脉冲宽度设定为50ms,脉冲间隔为800ms;
所述步骤三中加热到1230℃-1280℃用时7min-9min,所述半髋1200℃冷却至室温用时1.5h;
所述步骤四中喷砂为80um-120um的氧化铝粉末,喷砂持续时间5min-7min,所述打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40.05mm-60.05mm;
所述步骤五中所述抛光机的转速为400r/min-600r/min,抛光时长为10s-15s,所述打磨后的半髋的股骨头的尺寸是40mm-60mm。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911330809.XA CN110882092A (zh) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | 一种半髋及其制造工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911330809.XA CN110882092A (zh) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | 一种半髋及其制造工艺 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110882092A true CN110882092A (zh) | 2020-03-17 |
Family
ID=69752714
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911330809.XA Pending CN110882092A (zh) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | 一种半髋及其制造工艺 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110882092A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022088707A1 (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | 嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司 | 含氧化层锆铌合金分区骨小梁股骨髁假体及制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN205107980U (zh) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-30 | 张英泽 | 一种与置换关节相适配的仿生关节置换假体 |
WO2016154063A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-29 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior Univeristy | Customized load-bearing and bioactive functionally-graded implant for treatment of osteonecrosis |
CN109175376A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-11 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | 增材制造钛及钛合金件的后处理方法 |
CN110421163A (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-11-08 | 西安成立航空制造有限公司 | 一种六边形金属蜂窝结构的新型制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-12-20 CN CN201911330809.XA patent/CN110882092A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016154063A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-29 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior Univeristy | Customized load-bearing and bioactive functionally-graded implant for treatment of osteonecrosis |
CN205107980U (zh) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-03-30 | 张英泽 | 一种与置换关节相适配的仿生关节置换假体 |
CN109175376A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-11 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | 增材制造钛及钛合金件的后处理方法 |
CN110421163A (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-11-08 | 西安成立航空制造有限公司 | 一种六边形金属蜂窝结构的新型制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022088707A1 (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-05 | 嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司 | 含氧化层锆铌合金分区骨小梁股骨髁假体及制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101947149B (zh) | 多层壳芯复合结构件组成的人工髋关节 | |
CN201939535U (zh) | 多层壳芯复合结构件组成的人工髋关节 | |
CN105522151B (zh) | 一种3d打印医用钛合金材料的方法 | |
CN109464225A (zh) | 一种氮化硅陶瓷人工髋关节 | |
CN109793565B (zh) | 一种3d打印多孔钽金属接骨板 | |
CN105648270B (zh) | 一种3d打印制备的稀土钛合金材料 | |
CN105603255B (zh) | 一种3d打印制备医用钛合金材料 | |
CN111449808A (zh) | 一种增材制造多孔钽金属髋臼外杯及其制备方法 | |
CN110882092A (zh) | 一种半髋及其制造工艺 | |
CN212438949U (zh) | 一种3d打印钽金属骨小梁 | |
CN112453396A (zh) | 一种制备生物医用钛合金的多腔烧结模具及烧结方法 | |
CN111759548A (zh) | 一种人工髋关节股骨柄假体 | |
CN102973335A (zh) | 一种新型人工髋关节及其制造方法 | |
CN107223041A (zh) | 用于由于感染双侧更换在肩部、膝部和髋部中的植入物的陶瓷间隔垫片(“Spacer”) | |
CN109678524B (zh) | 一种性能可控的氮化硅陶瓷植入物及其制备方法 | |
WO2022088701A1 (zh) | 含氧化层锆铌合金髋关节假体系统及制备方法 | |
CN112975299B (zh) | 一种制备高精度纯钛球体部件的精密加工工艺 | |
CN108210129A (zh) | 一种锻造tc4钛合金胫骨平台 | |
CN113087522A (zh) | 一种陶瓷关节的陶瓷涂层 | |
CN111281616A (zh) | 一种全髋金属杯假体及其制作方法 | |
CN113894285A (zh) | 一种人工假体及其制备方法 | |
CN108441805A (zh) | 一种采用复合技术制备钛基表面ha涂层的方法 | |
CN219439565U (zh) | 一种3d打印的宠物髋关节假体 | |
CN117883222A (zh) | 一种用于髋关节假体的组合式股骨柄及其制备方法 | |
CN116919674A (zh) | 金属陶瓷反向型肩关节假体系统以及制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200317 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |