CN110877003B - Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology - Google Patents
Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110877003B CN110877003B CN201911362196.8A CN201911362196A CN110877003B CN 110877003 B CN110877003 B CN 110877003B CN 201911362196 A CN201911362196 A CN 201911362196A CN 110877003 B CN110877003 B CN 110877003B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C7/00—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
- B05C7/02—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work the liquid or other fluent material being projected
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C13/00—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
- B05C13/02—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C15/00—Enclosures for apparatus; Booths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
- B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/62—Plasma-deposition of organic layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0486—Operating the coating or treatment in a controlled atmosphere
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on a double-pulse strong laser technology, and belongs to the technical field of part inner wall spraying. The device comprises a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator, a light guide system and a control system. The device uses a double-pulse laser generator to firstly emit a strong laser pulse beam to melt spraying materials, then emits a strong laser pulse beam to act on the melted spraying materials, and the melted materials absorb high-pressure plasmas generated by laser energy to instantly apply a downward ultrahigh impact force to the melted materials, so that the melted materials are sputtered, and the sputtered molten drops are atomized into finer particles in the part and collide against the inner wall of the part at a high speed to form a coating; and the spraying material sputtered on the inner wall transfers heat to the inner wall of the part, so as to avoid the coating from generating cracks due to larger internal stress, and the part is heated in the spraying process. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, wide applicability and good coating quality.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the field of inner wall spraying of parts, and particularly relates to a hole part inner wall spraying based on a double-pulse strong laser technologyCoating method and apparatus. The invention uses the power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 Strong laser melting spray material bar with pulse width of ms magnitude in range and power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 The high-pressure plasma is instantaneously applied to the molten material to sputter the molten material, and the sputtered molten drop is atomized into finer particles in the part and is collided with the inner wall of the part at high speed to form a coating.
The background technology is as follows:
the laser technology is one of the most important technological achievements in the 60 s of the 20 th century, and the appearance of the laser technology almost plays a significant role in innovation and promotion of the development of the whole technological field. Currently, various fields of application, such as laser processing technology, laser detection and metering technology, etc., have been formed in combination with various disciplines.
The effect produced by the interaction of the laser with different parameters and the material is different, for example, the laser with low power density acts on the material, the material can produce the phenomenon of heating and melting, and the laser with higher power density acts on the material, the material can produce the phenomenon of gasification and plasma.
In one method disclosed in chinese patent CN108707853a, the spray material is first thermally sprayed onto the cylinder bore inner wall, after which a portion of the coating is remelted with a laser to anchor the coating to the substrate, the power density of the laser used in this patent being in a lower range; in one method disclosed in chinese patent CN108018519a, a reinforcement layer or ring is attached to the upper portion of the cylinder bore by laser welding or cladding, and then a thermal spraying method is used to spray a spraying material onto the inner wall, where the power density of the laser used is also in a lower range, and it is obvious that the above two patents do not fully utilize the different effects of the laser with different parameters on the material. In addition, in the methods disclosed in the above patents, the thermal spraying and the laser cladding are used together, so that the whole spraying process is complicated, and the whole device is also complicated.
In addition, according to the existing research results and engineering practices, the performance and quality of the sprayed coating are related to the powder particle size, the powder spraying speed and the like, and are also greatly related to the heat treatment of parts in the spraying process. Because the components of the spray coating and the material of the matrix are greatly different, the linear expansion coefficients are also greatly different, and because the spray coating material is contacted with the surface of the substrate and simultaneously transfers heat to the substrate, larger internal stress is caused, so that the defects of cracks or flaking and the like are generated in the cooling process, and the quality of the spray coating is further affected.
Based on the problems existing in the spraying process of the parts, the invention designs a method for using the power density of 10 under the condition of heat treatment of the parts in the spraying process 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 Strong laser with pulse width of ms magnitude in range directly melts spray material, and then uses power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 Strong laser with the pulse width of ns magnitude is directly irradiated on a spraying material rod, part of molten material absorbs laser energy to generate high-pressure plasma, the high-pressure plasma instantaneously applies a downward ultrahigh impact force to the molten material, so that the molten material is sputtered, and the sputtered molten drops are atomized into finer particles in the part and collide with the inner wall of the part at a high speed, thereby forming a coating.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on a double-pulse strong laser technology. The part inner wall spraying method based on the double-pulse strong laser technology provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
(1) After the device is installed, the computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the valve of the air inlet switch 9 and the air heater 7 to be opened simultaneously, and protective air is introduced into the spray booth 10.
(2) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29 causing the controller 29 to control the energization of the electrical heating tube 12.
(3) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29 so that the controller 29 controls the double pulse laser generator 1 to firstly send out a pulse width of ms order and a power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 A strong laser pulse beam 3 in a range is vertically and directly irradiated on the upper end face of the spraying material rod 22, and the spraying material on the upper end face part of the spraying material rod 22 absorbs laser energy to be melted and form a molten pool; the double pulse laser generator 1 emits a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 The strong laser pulse beam 3 with the pulse width of ns is vertically and directly irradiated on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool, and high-pressure plasma generated by absorbing laser energy by partial molten material instantaneously applies a downward ultrahigh impact force to the molten material, so that the molten material is sputtered, the sputtered molten drops are atomized into finer particles in the hole part, the particles collide with the inner wall of the hole part 23 at a high speed, and then a spraying coating 24 is formed, and the first spraying is completed.
(4) Causing the computer 30 to send a signal to the controller 29 causing the controller 29 to control the window cleaning apparatus 28 to clean the object attached to the transparent glass 27.
(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating 24 sprayed by the first impact does not meet the requirement, the spraying is required to be carried out for a plurality of times at the same position; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for one time, and finishing the second spraying of the inner wall of the hole part 23; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for a plurality of times until the thickness of the coating at the position meets the requirement.
(6) When spraying is required at different positions, a signal is sent to the controller 29 through the computer 30, so that the controller 29 controls the second lifting platform 16 and the hole parts 23 on the second lifting platform to move; repeating the steps (3) and (4) for a plurality of times, and finishing the spraying of the new position until the inner wall spraying coating 24 of the hole part 23 meets the requirement; and then, closing the switches of the air heater 7 and the electric heating tube 12, slowly cooling the hole parts 23 in the heated spraying chamber 10, stopping introducing protective gas when the obtained spraying coating 24 is cooled to a set temperature, loosening the second clamp 15, opening the movable window 25, taking out the hole parts 23, and finishing the inner wall spraying of the hole parts.
The invention also provides a part inner wall spraying device based on the double-pulse strong laser technology, which comprises a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator 1, a light guide system and a control system: the clamp system comprises a hole part 23, a spraying material rod 22, a second sealing ring 14, a third sealing ring 17, a soft gasket 26, a gland 6, a first lifting table 18, a second lifting table 16, a first clamp 19 and a second clamp 15, wherein the gland 6 and the soft gasket 26 are positioned at the upper part of the spraying chamber 10, the rest parts in the clamp system are positioned at the lower part of the spraying chamber 10, the second sealing ring 14 is arranged on an annular groove arranged at the bottom of the spraying chamber 10, the hole part 23 penetrates through an inner ring of the second sealing ring 14 and is matched with the second sealing ring 14, the hole part 23 is placed on the second clamp 15, the second clamp 15 is fixed on the second lifting table 16, the second clamp 15 clamps the hole part 23, the third sealing ring 17 is arranged on an annular groove arranged at the middle part of the second lifting table 16, the spraying material rod 22 penetrates through the inner ring of the third sealing ring 17 and is matched with the third spraying material rod 17, the hole part 23 penetrates through an inner ring groove arranged at the bottom of the spraying chamber 10 and is matched with the third sealing ring, the hole part is placed on the first clamp 19 and is matched with the second sealing ring 14, the soft gasket 26 is placed on the side wall of the glass gasket 10, the second clamp 19 is clamped on the side wall of the second clamp 15, the second clamp 15 is clamped on the second clamp is clamped on the side wall of the second clamp 16, the second clamp is clamped on the side wall is clamped on the side of the glass gasket 18, and the glass gasket is pressed on the side of the glass gasket is pressed to the glass gasket by the side at the side 18, the side of the glass gasket is pressed down on the glass gasket side to the side 18, and is pressed down on the glass material side; the heating protection system comprises a spraying chamber 10, a thermal insulation coating 11, a movable window 25, an air inlet switch 9, an air inlet pipe 8, a first sealing ring 13, an electric heating pipe 12, an air heater 7, a one-way valve 20 and an exhaust pipe 21, wherein the movable window 25 is positioned at the left side of the spraying chamber 10, the one-way valve 20 and the exhaust pipe 21 are positioned at the left lower side of the spraying chamber 10, the air inlet switch 9, the air inlet pipe 8 and the air heater 7 are positioned at the right upper side of the spraying chamber 10, the rest parts in the heating protection system are positioned at the right lower side of the spraying chamber, the thermal insulation coating 11 is coated on the inner wall of the spraying chamber 10, the air heater 7 is installed at an air inlet, the air inlet pipe 8 is installed on the air heater 7, the air inlet switch 9 is installed on the air inlet pipe 8, the first sealing ring 13 is installed on an annular groove arranged at the junction of the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 and the side wall of the spraying chamber 10, the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 passes through the inner circle of the first sealing ring 13, the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 forms a matched with the first sealing ring 13, the exhaust pipe 20 is installed at the one-way valve 21; the light guide system comprises a light guide pipe 2, a total reflection mirror 4, an impact head 5, transparent glass 27 and a window cleaning device 28, wherein the light guide system is positioned above the spraying chamber 10, one end of the light guide pipe 2 is connected with the double-pulse laser generator 1, the other end of the light guide pipe 2 is connected with the impact head 5, the window cleaning device 28 is arranged on the transparent glass 27, and the lower part of the impact head 5 is opposite to the spraying material rod 22; the control system comprises a computer 30 and a controller 29, wherein the computer 30 sends signals to the controller 29, and the controller 29 is respectively connected with the double-pulse laser generator 1, the air inlet switch 9, the air heater 7, the electric heating tube 12, the first lifting table 18, the second lifting table 16 and the window cleaning device 28 through data wires.
The invention firstly uses the power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 Strong laser with pulse width of ms magnitude in range melts spray material, and the post power density is higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 The strong laser pulse beam with the pulse width of ns is directly irradiated on the molten spraying material, part of the molten material absorbs laser energy to generate high-pressure plasma, and the high-pressure plasma instantaneously applies a downward ultrahigh impact force to the molten material so as to drive the molten spraying material to be sputtered on the inner wall of the hole part, thereby completing spraying.
The invention has the following technical advantages:
(1) The device fully utilizes different effects of strong lasers with different parameters on materials; two laser pulse beams with extremely short time intervals are sequentially emitted by a double-pulse laser generator, and then the spraying material is sputtered after being heated and melted, so that the spraying is finished, and the interval time between two steps of melting and spraying is shortened.
(2) The part is positioned in a heated spraying chamber in the spraying process, so that the crack of a spraying coating on the inner wall of the part due to larger internal stress in the cooling process is prevented, and the coating quality is good.
(3) The device adopts the computer to control the lifting platform to move, and can accurately control the up-and-down movement of the spray material rod and the up-and-down movement of the hole parts, so that the same position can be conveniently sprayed for a plurality of times and different positions, and the operation is convenient.
(4) The material melt is atomized and becomes finer particles, and the particles collide with the surface of a substrate or a deposited coating at a high speed to generate local deformation (compressive strain), so that the substrate or the deposited coating is deformed sufficiently after the particles collide, the compactness of the coating and the bonding strength of the coating and the substrate are increased, the porosity is reduced, the cohesive strength is increased, the coating quality is improved, and the sprayed coating generates beneficial residual compressive stress.
(5) The laser can ablate any material to generate high-pressure plasma, so the application range is wide, and spray materials with different performances can be selected according to the requirements of spray coating to prepare coatings with various functions.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hole part inner wall spraying device based on a double-pulse strong laser technology;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of I in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1: a double pulse laser generator; 2: a light pipe; 3: a strong laser pulse beam; 4: a total reflection mirror; 5, an impact head; 6: a gland; 7: an air heater; 8: an air inlet pipe; 9: an air inlet switch; 10: a spray booth; 11: a thermal barrier coating; 12: an electric heating tube; 13: a first seal ring; 14: a second seal ring; 15: a second clamp; 16: a second lifting table; 17: a third seal ring; 18: a first elevating platform; 19: a first clamp; 20: a one-way valve; 21: an exhaust pipe; 22: spraying a material rod; 23: hole parts; 24: spraying a coating; 25: a movable window; 26: a soft gasket; 27: transparent glass; 28: a window cleaning device; 29: a controller; 30: and a computer.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the device comprises a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator 1, a light guide system and a control system. The fixture system comprises a hole part 23, a spraying material rod 22, a second sealing ring 14, a third sealing ring 17, a soft gasket 26, a gland 6, a first lifting platform 18, a second lifting platform 16, a first fixture 19 and a second fixture 15, wherein the gland 6 and the soft gasket 26 are positioned at the upper part of the spraying chamber 10, and the rest parts in the fixture system are positioned at the lower part of the spraying chamber 10; the second sealing ring 14 is installed on an annular groove formed in the bottom of the spraying chamber 10, the hole part 23 penetrates through the inner ring of the second sealing ring 14 and is matched with the second sealing ring 14, the second sealing ring 14 is used for preventing leakage of heated air in the spraying chamber 10 in the spraying process, the hole part 23 is placed on the second clamp 15, the second clamp 15 is fixed on the second lifting table 16, and the second clamp 15 clamps the hole part 23, so that the hole part 23 and the second lifting table 16 keep synchronous upward movement; the third sealing ring 17 is installed on an annular groove formed in the middle of the second lifting table 16, the spraying material rod 22 passes through the inner ring of the third sealing ring 17 and is matched with the third sealing ring 17, the third sealing ring 17 is used for preventing leakage of heated air in the spraying chamber 10 in the spraying process, the spraying material rod 22 is placed on the first clamp 19, the first clamp 19 is fixed on the first lifting table 18, and the first clamp 19 clamps the spraying material rod 22, so that the spraying material rod 22 and the first lifting table 18 keep synchronous movement; the soft gasket 26 is placed on the side wall step right above the spraying chamber 10 and is used for sealing and protecting the transparent glass 27; the transparent glass 27 is placed on the soft gasket 26, the pressing cover 6 is matched with the side wall above the spraying chamber 10 through threads, and the pressing cover 6 is used for pressing the transparent glass 27.
The heating protection system comprises a spraying chamber 10, a thermal insulation coating 11, a movable window 25, an air inlet switch 9, an air inlet pipe 8, a first sealing ring 13, an electric heating pipe 12, an air heater 7, a one-way valve 20 and an exhaust pipe 21, wherein the movable window 25 is positioned at the left side of the spraying chamber 10, the one-way valve 20 and the exhaust pipe 21 in the heating protection system are positioned at the left lower side of the spraying chamber 10, the air inlet switch 9, the air inlet pipe 8 and the air heater 7 are positioned at the right upper side of the spraying chamber 10, and the rest parts in the heating protection system are positioned at the right lower side of the spraying chamber; the air heater 7 is arranged at an air inlet, the air inlet pipe 8 is arranged on the air heater 7, the air inlet switch 9 is arranged on the air inlet pipe 8, the air heater 7 is used for heating the introduced protective gas, the thermal insulation coating 11 is coated on the inner wall of the spraying chamber 10, the thermal insulation coating 11 is made of thermal insulation conduction type thermal insulation materials, the thermal insulation coating 11 is used for preventing heat of the heated protective gas from being conducted to the outside, the first sealing ring 13 is arranged on an annular groove formed at the junction of the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 and the side wall of the spraying chamber 10 and used for preventing leakage of the heated air in the spraying chamber 10 in the spraying process, the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 passes through the first sealing ring 13, the tail part of the electric heating pipe 12 is matched with the first sealing ring 13, and the electric heating pipe 12 is used for heating the protective gas so as to keep the temperature of the protective gas constant in the spraying process; the check valve 20 is installed at the exhaust port for discharging the heated air during the spraying process, thereby maintaining the pressure inside the spray booth 10 stable and preventing the outside air from entering the spray booth 10, and the exhaust pipe 21 is installed on the check valve 20.
The light guide system comprises a light guide pipe 2, a total reflection mirror 4, an impact head 5, transparent glass 27 and a window cleaning device 28, and is positioned above the spraying chamber 10; one end of the light pipe 2 is connected with the double-pulse laser generator 1, the other end of the light pipe 2 is connected with the impact head 5, the strong laser pulse beam 3 emitted by the double-pulse laser generator 1 is vertically and directly irradiated on the upper end face of the spraying material rod 22 through the transparent glass 27 by total reflection of the total reflection mirror 4, and the window cleaning device 28 is arranged on the transparent glass 27 and used for cleaning objects attached to the transparent glass 27 so as to ensure smoothness of an optical path; when the window cleaning device 28 does not clean the object attached to the transparent glass 27, the window cleaning device stops at the left end of the transparent glass 27, so that the smoothness of the light path is not affected;
the control system comprises a computer 30 and a controller 29, wherein the computer 30 sends signals to the controller 29, and the controller 29 is respectively connected with the double-pulse laser generator 1, the air inlet switch 9, the air heater 7, the electric heating tube 12, the first lifting table 18, the second lifting table 16 and the window cleaning device 28 through data wires. The device is used for controlling the double pulse laser generator 1, the air inlet switch 9, the air heater 7, the electric heating tube 12, the window cleaning device 28, the first lifting table 18 and the second lifting table 16, particularly controlling the power density, pulse width and other related parameters of the strong laser pulse beam 3, spraying times at the same position and spraying at different positions, controlling the lifting of the first lifting table 18 and the lifting of the second lifting table 16, controlling the opening and closing of a valve of the air inlet switch 9, enabling the inside of the spraying chamber 10 to be always filled with protective gas in the spraying process, controlling the opening and closing of the air heater 7, enabling the protective gas to be heated before being introduced into the spraying chamber 10, and controlling the electric heating tube 12 to heat the protective gas, thereby ensuring the temperature of the protective gas to be constant in the spraying process.
The following describes the specific spraying steps with reference to the accompanying drawings:
(1) After the device is installed, the computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the valve of the air inlet switch 9 and the air heater 7 to be opened simultaneously, and the protective air is heated when flowing through the air heater 7 and then led into the spraying chamber 10 and fills the whole spraying chamber 10.
(2) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the electric heating tube 12 to be electrified, so that the electric heating tube 12 heats the shielding gas, thereby ensuring the constant temperature of the shielding gas in the spray chamber 10 in the spray process, and ensuring that the spray coating cannot generate cracks due to larger internal stress in the cooling process.
(3) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29 so that the controller 29 controls the double pulse laser generator 1 to firstly send out a pulse width of ms order and a power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 A strong laser pulse beam 3 in a range is vertically and directly irradiated on the upper end face of the spraying material rod 22, and the spraying material on the upper end face part of the spraying material rod 22 absorbs laser energy to be melted and form a molten pool; and then send out a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 The strong laser pulse beam 3 with the pulse width of ns is vertically and directly irradiated on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool, and part of the molten material absorbs high-pressure plasma generated by laser energy to instantly apply downward impact force to the molten material, so that the molten material is sputtered, and the sputtered molten drops are atomized into finer particles in the hole part and collide with the inner wall of the hole part 23 at a high speed, thereby forming a spraying coating 24, and the first spraying is completed.
(4) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the window cleaning device 28 to clean the object attached to the transparent glass 27, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the light path; when the window cleaning device 28 does not clean the object attached to the transparent glass 27, it stops at the left end of the transparent glass 27, so that it does not affect the smoothness of the optical path.
(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating 24 sprayed by the first impact does not meet the requirement, the spraying is required to be carried out for a plurality of times at the same position; repeating the steps 3 and 4 for one time, and finishing the second spraying of the inner wall of the hole part 23; repeating the steps 3 and 4 for a plurality of times until the thickness of the coating at the position meets the requirement.
(6) When spraying is required at different positions, a signal is sent to the controller 29 through the computer 30, so that the controller 29 controls the second lifting platform 16 and the hole parts 23 thereon to synchronously move upwards; then, repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for a plurality of times, and finishing the spraying of the new position until the inner wall of the hole part 23 is sprayed with the coating 24; and then, closing the switches of the air heater 7 and the electric heating tube 12, slowly cooling the hole type part 23 in the heated spraying chamber 10, stopping introducing the protective gas when the obtained spraying coating 24 is cooled to the room temperature, loosening the second clamp 15, opening the movable window 25, taking out the hole type part 23, and then spraying the next part after the completion of the spraying.
Claims (2)
1. The hole part inner wall spraying device based on the double-pulse strong laser technology is characterized by comprising a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator (1), a light guide system and a control system: the clamp system comprises a hole part (23), a spraying material rod (22), a second sealing ring (14), a third sealing ring (17), a soft gasket (26), a gland (6), a first lifting table (18), a second lifting table (16), a first clamp (19) and a second clamp (15), wherein the gland (6) and the soft gasket (26) are positioned at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10), the rest parts in the clamp system are positioned at the lower part of the spraying chamber (10), the second sealing ring (14) is arranged on an annular groove arranged at the bottom of the spraying chamber (10), the hole part (23) penetrates through an inner ring of the second sealing ring (14) and is matched with the second sealing ring (14), the hole part (23) is arranged on the second clamp (15), the second clamp (15) is fixed on the second lifting table (16), the second clamp (15) is used for clamping the hole part (23), the third sealing ring (17) is arranged on the second lifting table (16) and is matched with the third sealing ring (17) through the annular groove (17) to form a sealing ring, the first clamp (19) is fixed on the first lifting table (18), the first clamp (19) clamps the spraying material rod (22), the soft gasket (26) is placed on a step of the side wall at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10), the transparent glass (27) is placed on the soft gasket (26), the gland (6) is matched with the side wall at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10) through threads, and the gland (6) presses the transparent glass (27); the heating protection system comprises a spraying chamber (10), a thermal insulation coating (11), a movable window (25), an air inlet switch (9), an air inlet pipe (8), a first sealing ring (13), an electric heating pipe (12), an air heater (7), a one-way valve (20) and an exhaust pipe (21), wherein the movable window (25) is positioned on the left side of the spraying chamber (10), the one-way valve (20) and the exhaust pipe (21) are positioned on the left lower side of the spraying chamber (10), the air inlet switch (9), the air inlet pipe (8) and the air heater (7) are positioned on the right upper side of the spraying chamber (10), the rest parts in the heating protection system are positioned on the right lower side of the spraying chamber, the thermal insulation coating (11) is coated on the inner wall of the spraying chamber (10), the air heater (7) is arranged at an air inlet, the air inlet pipe (8) is arranged on the air heater (7), the air inlet switch (9) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (8), the first sealing ring (13) is arranged on the junction of the electric heating pipe (12) and the sealing ring (12) and passes through the first sealing ring (12) and is arranged on the sealing ring (12), the one-way valve (20) is arranged at the exhaust port, and the exhaust pipe (21) is arranged on the one-way valve (20); the light guide system comprises a light guide pipe (2), a total reflection mirror (4), an impact head (5), transparent glass (27) and a window cleaning device (28), wherein the light guide system is positioned above the spraying chamber (10), one end of the light guide pipe (2) is connected with the double-pulse laser generator (1), the other end of the light guide pipe (2) is connected with the impact head (5), the window cleaning device (28) is arranged on the transparent glass (27), and the impact head (5) is provided with a Fang Zhengdui spraying material rod (22); the control system comprises a computer (30) and a controller (29), wherein the computer (30) sends signals to the controller (29), and the controller (29) is respectively connected with the double-pulse laser generator (1), the air inlet switch (9), the air heater (7), the electric heating tube (12), the first lifting table (18), the second lifting table (16) and the window cleaning device (28) through data lines.
2. A spraying method of a spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) After the device is installed, a computer (30) sends a signal to a controller (29), so that the controller (29) controls an air inlet switch (9) valve and an air heater (7) to be opened simultaneously, and protective gas is introduced into a spraying chamber (10);
(2) The computer (30) sends a signal to the controller (29) so that the controller (29) controls the energization of the electric heating tube (12);
(3) The computer (30) sends a signal to the controller (29) so that the controller (29) controls the double-pulse laser generator (1) to firstly send out a pulse width of
Magnitude, power density is +.>
A strong laser pulse beam (3) in a range is vertically and directly irradiated on the upper end face of a spraying material rod (22), and the spraying material on the upper end face part of the spraying material rod (22) absorbs laser energy to be melted and form a molten pool; the double pulse laser generator (1) emits a power density higher than +.>
The strong laser pulse beam (3) with the pulse width of ns is vertically and directly irradiated on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool, and partial molten material absorbs high-pressure plasma generated by laser energy to instantaneously perform opposite meltingApplying a downward ultrahigh impact force to the molten material to enable the molten material to be sputtered, atomizing the sputtered molten drops into finer particles in the hole part, and enabling the particles to collide with the inner wall of the hole part (23) at a high speed so as to form a spraying coating (24), so that the first spraying is finished;
(4) Causing the computer (30) to send a signal to the controller (29), causing the controller (29) to control a window cleaning device (28) to clean an object attached to the transparent glass (27);
(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating (24) sprayed by the first impact does not meet the requirement and the spraying is required to be carried out for a plurality of times at the same position; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for one time, and finishing the second spraying of the inner wall of the hole part (23) so far; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for a plurality of times until the thickness of the coating at the position meets the requirement;
(6) When spraying is required at different positions, a signal is sent to the controller (29) through the computer (30), so that the controller (29) controls the second lifting table (16) and the hole parts (23) on the second lifting table to move; repeating the steps (3) and (4) for a plurality of times, and finishing the spraying of the new position until the inner wall spraying coating (24) of the hole part (23) meets the requirement; and then, closing the switches of the air heater (7) and the electric heating tube (12), slowly cooling the hole parts (23) in the heated spraying chamber (10), stopping introducing protective gas when the spraying coating (24) is cooled to a set temperature, loosening the second clamp (15), opening the movable window (25), taking out the hole parts (23), and finishing the inner wall spraying of the hole parts.
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