CN110877003B - Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology - Google Patents

Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology Download PDF

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CN110877003B
CN110877003B CN201911362196.8A CN201911362196A CN110877003B CN 110877003 B CN110877003 B CN 110877003B CN 201911362196 A CN201911362196 A CN 201911362196A CN 110877003 B CN110877003 B CN 110877003B
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spraying
controller
sealing ring
wall
double
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CN110877003A (en
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张兴权
王振伟
隋凤利
钱健清
刘侠
马群双
杨恒基
陈涛
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Anhui University of Technology AHUT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C7/00Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
    • B05C7/02Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work the liquid or other fluent material being projected
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C13/00Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
    • B05C13/02Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C15/00Enclosures for apparatus; Booths
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/62Plasma-deposition of organic layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/04Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
    • B05D3/0486Operating the coating or treatment in a controlled atmosphere
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on a double-pulse strong laser technology, and belongs to the technical field of part inner wall spraying. The device comprises a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator, a light guide system and a control system. The device uses a double-pulse laser generator to firstly emit a strong laser pulse beam to melt spraying materials, then emits a strong laser pulse beam to act on the melted spraying materials, and the melted materials absorb high-pressure plasmas generated by laser energy to instantly apply a downward ultrahigh impact force to the melted materials, so that the melted materials are sputtered, and the sputtered molten drops are atomized into finer particles in the part and collide against the inner wall of the part at a high speed to form a coating; and the spraying material sputtered on the inner wall transfers heat to the inner wall of the part, so as to avoid the coating from generating cracks due to larger internal stress, and the part is heated in the spraying process. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, wide applicability and good coating quality.

Description

一种基于双脉冲强激光技术的孔类零件内壁喷涂方法和装置A Method and Device for Inner Wall Spraying of Hole Parts Based on Double Pulse Intense Laser Technology

技术领域:Technical field:

本发明属于零件内壁喷涂领域,具体涉及一种基于双脉冲强激光技术的孔类零件内壁喷涂方法和装置。本发明利用功率密度在105-106W/cm2范围内、脉宽为ms量级的强激光熔融喷涂材料棒,利用功率密度高于108W/cm2、脉宽为ns量级的强激光直接辐照在熔融的喷涂材料上,部分喷涂材料吸收激光能量产生高压等离子体,高压等离子体瞬间对熔融材料施加一向下的超高冲击力,使熔融材料溅射,溅射的熔滴在零件内部雾化成更为细小的微粒,并高速撞向零件内壁,进而形成涂层的方法及装置,适用于零件内壁的喷涂。The invention belongs to the field of inner wall spraying of parts, and in particular relates to a method and device for inner wall spraying of hole parts based on double-pulse intense laser technology. The present invention utilizes a strong laser melt-spraying material rod with a power density in the range of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of the order of ms, and uses a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of the order of ns The strong laser is directly irradiated on the molten spraying material, and part of the spraying material absorbs the laser energy to generate high-pressure plasma. Drops are atomized into finer particles inside the part, and hit the inner wall of the part at high speed to form a method and device for coating, which is suitable for spraying the inner wall of the part.

背景技术:Background technique:

激光技术是20世纪60年代最重要的科技成就之一,它的出现,几乎对整个科技领域的发展都起了重大的改革和推进作用。目前,已与多个学科相结合形成多个应用技术领域,如激光加工技术、激光检测与计量技术等。Laser technology is one of the most important scientific and technological achievements in the 1960s. Its appearance has played a major role in reforming and promoting the development of almost the entire scientific and technological field. At present, it has been combined with multiple disciplines to form multiple application technology fields, such as laser processing technology, laser detection and measurement technology, etc.

不同参数的激光与材料相互作用所产生的效果是不同的,如低功率密度的激光作用在材料上,材料会产生加热熔融的现象,而较高的功率密度的激光作用在材料上,则材料会发生气化、产生等离子体的现象。The effect of the interaction between the laser with different parameters and the material is different. For example, when the laser with low power density acts on the material, the material will heat and melt, while the laser with high power density acts on the material, the material will be melted. Vaporization and plasma generation will occur.

中国专利CN108707853A所公布的一种方法中,先将喷涂材料热喷涂到气缸孔内壁上,之后用激光重熔部分涂层使得涂层锚固到基底上,在该专利中所使用的激光的功率密度是在较低范围的;中国专利CN108018519A所公布的一种方法中,先用激光焊接或者熔覆的方法使得强化层或者强化环附着到气缸孔上部,再用热喷涂的方法将喷涂材料喷涂到内壁上,在该专利中所使用的激光的功率密度也是在较低范围的,显然上述两个专利并未充分利用不同参数的激光对材料的不同作用效果。而且,上述专利所公布的方法中,皆是将热喷涂和激光熔覆配合使用,使得整个喷涂过程显得繁琐,整个装置也显得复杂。In a method disclosed in Chinese patent CN108707853A, the spray material is thermally sprayed onto the inner wall of the cylinder bore, and then part of the coating is remelted with a laser to anchor the coating to the substrate. The power density of the laser used in this patent is It is in the lower range; in a method disclosed by Chinese patent CN108018519A, the method of laser welding or cladding is used to make the reinforcement layer or the reinforcement ring adhere to the upper part of the cylinder bore, and then the spray material is sprayed on the cylinder bore by thermal spraying. On the inner wall, the power density of the laser used in this patent is also in a lower range. Obviously, the above two patents do not make full use of the different effects of lasers with different parameters on materials. Moreover, in the methods disclosed in the above-mentioned patents, thermal spraying and laser cladding are used together, which makes the whole spraying process complicated and the whole device complicated.

另外,根据已有的研究成果和工程实践表明,喷涂涂层的性能和质量除了与料粉粒度和料粉喷涂速度等有关外,与喷涂过程中对零件的热处理也有很大关系。因为喷涂涂层与基体的材料成分相差很大,线胀系数也相差较大,而且由于喷涂材料在接触到基底表面上的同时也在向基底传递热量,因此会引起较大的内应力,致使在冷却过程中涂层产生裂纹或剥落等缺陷,进而影响喷涂涂层的质量。In addition, according to the existing research results and engineering practice, the performance and quality of the sprayed coating are not only related to the particle size of the material powder and the spraying speed of the material powder, but also have a great relationship with the heat treatment of the parts during the spraying process. Because the material composition of the sprayed coating and the substrate is very different, the coefficient of linear expansion is also very different, and because the sprayed material is also transferring heat to the substrate when it contacts the surface of the substrate, it will cause a large internal stress, resulting in During the cooling process, the coating produces defects such as cracks or peeling off, which in turn affects the quality of the sprayed coating.

基于上述零件喷涂过程中存在的问题,本发明设计了一种在喷涂过程中对零件热处理条件下先使用功率密度在105-106W/cm2范围内、脉宽为ms量级的强激光直接熔融喷涂材料,再使用功率密度高于108W/cm2、脉宽为ns量级的强激光直接辐照在喷涂材料棒上,部分熔融材料吸收激光能量产生高压等离子体,高压等离子体瞬间对熔融材料施加一向下的超高冲击力,使熔融材料溅射,溅射的熔滴在零件内部雾化成更为细小的微粒,并高速撞向零件内壁,进而形成涂层的喷涂方法和装置,以解决上述问题。Based on the problems existing in the spraying process of the above-mentioned parts, the present invention designs a power density in the range of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of the order of ms under the condition of heat treatment of the parts in the spraying process. The laser directly melts the sprayed material, and then uses a strong laser with a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of ns level to directly irradiate the sprayed material rod, and part of the molten material absorbs the laser energy to generate high-pressure plasma. The body instantly exerts a downward ultra-high impact force on the molten material, causing the molten material to sputter, and the sputtered droplets are atomized into finer particles inside the part, and hit the inner wall of the part at high speed to form a coating. and devices to solve the above problems.

发明内容:Invention content:

本发明的目的是提供一种基于双脉冲强激光技术的孔类零件内壁喷涂方法和装置。本发明所提供的基于双脉冲强激光技术的零件内壁喷涂方法的具体步骤如下:The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for spraying the inner wall of hole-type parts based on double-pulse intense laser technology. The specific steps of the part inner wall spraying method based on double-pulse intense laser technology provided by the present invention are as follows:

(1)装置安装好后,计算机30向控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制进气开关9阀门和空气加热器7的同时打开,向喷涂室10内部通入保护气。(1) After the device is installed, the computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the opening of the intake switch 9 valve and the air heater 7, and feeds the protective gas into the spray booth 10 inside.

(2)所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使得所述控制器29控制电热管12的通电。(2) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29 so that the controller 29 controls the electric heating tube 12 to be energized.

(3)所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使得所述控制器29控制双脉冲激光发生器1先发出一个脉宽为ms量级、功率密度在105-106W/cm2范围内的强激光脉冲束3,使其竖直直接辐照在喷涂材料棒22的上端面,所述喷涂材料棒22上端面部分喷涂材料吸收激光能量发生熔融,并形成熔池;所述双脉冲激光发生器1再发出一个功率密度高于108W/cm2、脉宽为ns量级的所述强激光脉冲束3,使其竖直直接辐照在熔池内的熔融材料表面上,部分熔融材料吸收激光能量产生的高压等离子体瞬间对熔融材料施加一向下的超高冲击力,使熔融材料发生溅射,溅射的熔滴在孔类零件内部雾化成更为细小的微粒,所述微粒以很高的速度撞向孔类零件23内壁,进而形成喷涂涂层24,完成第一次喷涂。(3) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the double-pulse laser generator 1 to first send out a pulse width of the order of ms and a power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm The strong laser pulse beam 3 within the range of 2 makes it vertically and directly irradiate the upper end surface of the spray material rod 22, and the spray material on the upper end surface of the spray material rod 22 absorbs the laser energy and melts to form a molten pool; The double-pulse laser generator 1 then emits a strong laser pulse beam 3 with a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of the order of ns, so that it can be irradiated vertically and directly on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool The high-pressure plasma generated by part of the molten material absorbing laser energy instantly exerts a downward ultra-high impact force on the molten material, causing the molten material to sputter, and the sputtered droplets are atomized into finer particles inside the hole parts. The particles collide with the inner wall of the orifice part 23 at a very high speed, thereby forming a spray coating 24 and completing the first spraying.

(4)使所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制窗口清理装置28清理透明玻璃27上附着的物体。(4) Make the computer 30 send a signal to the controller 29 to make the controller 29 control the window cleaning device 28 to clean up the objects attached to the transparent glass 27 .

(5)当第一次冲击喷涂的所述喷涂涂层24厚度未达到要求,需要在同一位置进行多次喷涂时;重复步骤(3)、步骤(4)一次,至此完成所述孔类零件23内壁的第二次喷涂;重复步骤(3)、步骤(4)多次,直至该位置的涂层厚度满足要求。(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating 24 of the first impact spraying does not meet the requirement, when it is necessary to spray multiple times at the same position; repeat step (3), step (4) once, so far complete the hole class parts 23 The second spraying of the inner wall; repeat steps (3) and (4) several times until the coating thickness at this position meets the requirements.

(6)需要在不同位置进行喷涂时,通过所述计算机30给所述控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制第二升降台16和其上的所述孔类零件23移动;重复上述步骤(3)、步骤(4)多次,至此完成新位置的喷涂,直至所述孔类零件23内壁喷涂涂层24都达到要求为止;之后,关闭所述空气加热器7和所述电热管12的开关,所述孔类零件23在被加热的所述喷涂室10内进行缓慢冷却,待得所述喷涂涂层24冷却至设定温度,停止通入保护气,松开第二夹具15,打开活动窗口25,取出所述孔类零件23,完成孔类零件的内壁喷涂。(6) When spraying needs to be carried out at different positions, send a signal to the controller 29 by the computer 30, so that the controller 29 controls the movement of the second lifting table 16 and the hole parts 23 thereon; repeat Above-mentioned steps (3), step (4) are many times, finish the spraying of new position so far, until described hole class part 23 inner wall spray coating 24 all reaches the requirement; Afterwards, close described air heater 7 and described electric heater The switch of the pipe 12, the hole parts 23 are slowly cooled in the heated spraying chamber 10, and the sprayed coating 24 is cooled to the set temperature, the protective gas is stopped, and the second clamp is loosened 15. Open the movable window 25, take out the hole parts 23, and complete the inner wall spraying of the hole parts.

本发明同时提供一种基于双脉冲强激光技术的零件内壁喷涂装置,该装置包括夹具系统、加热保护系统、双脉冲激光发生器1、导光系统及控制系统:所述夹具系统包括孔类零件23、喷涂材料棒22、第二密封圈14、第三密封圈17、软质垫圈26、压盖6、第一升降台18、第二升降台16、第一夹具19及第二夹具15,所述压盖6和所述软质垫圈26位于喷涂室10的上部,所述夹具系统中的其余部件位于所述喷涂室10的下部,所述第二密封圈14安装于所述喷涂室10底部设置的环形槽上,所述孔类零件23穿过所述第二密封圈14内圈并与所述第二密封圈14形成配合,所述孔类零件23放置于所述第二夹具15上,所述第二夹具15固定在所述第二升降台16上,所述第二夹具15夹紧所述孔类零件23,所述第三密封圈17安装在所述第二升降台16中部设置的环形槽上,所述喷涂材料棒22穿过所述第三密封圈17内圈并与所述第三密封圈17形成配合,所述喷涂材料棒22放置于所述第一夹具19上,所述第一夹具19固定于所述第一升降台18上,所述第一夹具19夹紧所述喷涂材料棒22,所述软质垫圈26放置在所述喷涂室10上部侧壁台阶上,透明玻璃27放置于所述软质垫圈26上,所述压盖6通过螺纹与所述喷涂室10上部侧壁形成配合,所述压盖6压紧所述透明玻璃27;所述加热保护系统包括喷涂室10、隔热涂层11、活动窗口25、进气开关9、进气管8、第一密封圈13、电热管12、空气加热器7、单向阀20及排气管21,所述活动窗口25位于喷涂室10的左侧,所述单向阀20和所述排气管21位于所述喷涂室10的左下侧,所述进气开关9、所述进气管8和所述空气加热器7位于所述喷涂室10的右上侧,所述加热保护系统中的其余部件位于喷涂室的右下侧,所述隔热涂层11涂在所述喷涂室10的内壁上,所述空气加热器7安装在进气口处,所述进气管8安装在所述空气加热器7上,所述进气开关9安装在所述进气管8上,所述第一密封圈13安装在所述电热管12尾部和所述喷涂室10侧壁的交界处所设置的环形槽上,所述电热管12尾部穿过所述第一密封圈13的内圈,所述电热管12尾部与所述第一密封圈13形成配合,所述单向阀20安装在排气口处,所述排气管21安装在所述单向阀20上;所述导光系统包括导光管2、全反镜4、冲击头5、透明玻璃27和窗口清理装置28,所述导光系统位于喷涂室10的上方,所述导光管2的一端连接所述双脉冲激光发生器1,所述导光管2的另一端连接所述冲击头5,所述窗口清理装置28安装在所述透明玻璃27上,所述冲击头5下方正对所述喷涂材料棒22;所述控制系统包括计算机30和控制器29,所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,所述控制器29通过数据线分别与所述双脉冲激光发生器1、所述进气开关9、所述空气加热器7、所述电热管12、所述第一升降台18、所述第二升降台16和所述窗口清理装置28相连。The present invention also provides a part inner wall spraying device based on double-pulse intense laser technology, the device includes a fixture system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator 1, a light guide system and a control system: the fixture system includes hole parts 23. Spraying material rod 22, second sealing ring 14, third sealing ring 17, soft gasket 26, gland 6, first lifting platform 18, second lifting platform 16, first clamp 19 and second clamp 15, The gland 6 and the soft gasket 26 are located on the upper part of the spray booth 10, and the remaining components in the clamp system are located on the lower part of the spray booth 10, and the second sealing ring 14 is installed in the spray booth 10 On the annular groove provided at the bottom, the hole part 23 passes through the inner ring of the second sealing ring 14 and forms a fit with the second sealing ring 14, and the hole part 23 is placed on the second fixture 15 Above, the second fixture 15 is fixed on the second lifting platform 16, the second fixture 15 clamps the hole parts 23, and the third sealing ring 17 is installed on the second lifting platform 16 On the annular groove provided in the middle, the spraying material rod 22 passes through the inner ring of the third sealing ring 17 and forms a fit with the third sealing ring 17, and the spraying material rod 22 is placed on the first clamp 19 Above, the first clamp 19 is fixed on the first lifting table 18, the first clamp 19 clamps the spray material rod 22, and the soft gasket 26 is placed on the upper side wall of the spray booth 10 On the step, the transparent glass 27 is placed on the soft gasket 26, and the gland 6 is threaded to cooperate with the upper side wall of the spray chamber 10, and the gland 6 compresses the transparent glass 27; The heating protection system includes a spray booth 10, a thermal insulation coating 11, a movable window 25, an intake switch 9, an intake pipe 8, a first sealing ring 13, an electric heating pipe 12, an air heater 7, a one-way valve 20 and an exhaust pipe 21, the movable window 25 is located on the left side of the spraying chamber 10, the one-way valve 20 and the exhaust pipe 21 are located on the lower left side of the spraying chamber 10, the intake switch 9, the intake pipe 8 And described air heater 7 is positioned at the upper right side of described spraying booth 10, and remaining components in the described heating protection system are positioned at the lower right side of spraying booth, and described thermal insulation coating 11 is coated on the inner wall of described spraying booth 10 Above, the air heater 7 is installed at the air inlet, the air intake pipe 8 is installed on the air heater 7, the air intake switch 9 is installed on the air intake pipe 8, and the first seal The ring 13 is installed on the annular groove provided at the junction of the tail of the electric heating tube 12 and the side wall of the spray chamber 10, the tail of the electric heating tube 12 passes through the inner ring of the first sealing ring 13, and the electric heating tube 12, the tail part is matched with the first sealing ring 13, the one-way valve 20 is installed at the exhaust port, and the exhaust pipe 21 is installed on the one-way valve 20; the light guide system includes a light guide Tube 2, total reflection mirror 4, impact head 5, transparent glass 27 and window cleaning device 28, described light guiding system is positioned at the top of spraying chamber 10, and one end of described light guiding tube 2 is connected with described double-pulse laser generator 1 , the other end of the light pipe 2 is connected to the impact head 5, the window cleaning device 28 is installed on the transparent glass 27, and the bottom of the impact head 5 is facing the spraying material rod 22; the control The system includes a computer 30 and a controller 29, the computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, and the controller 29 communicates with the double pulse laser generator 1, the intake switch 9, the The air heater 7 , the electric heating tube 12 , the first lifting platform 18 , the second lifting platform 16 and the window cleaning device 28 are connected.

本发明先用功率密度在105-106W/cm2范围内、脉宽为ms量级的强激光熔融喷涂材料,后用功率密度高于108W/cm2、脉宽为ns量级的强激光脉冲束直接辐照在熔融后的喷涂材料上,部分熔融材料吸收激光能量产生高压等离子体,高压等离子体瞬间对熔融材料施加一向下的超高冲击力,进而驱动熔融的喷涂材料溅射到孔类零件内壁上,完成喷涂。In the present invention, a strong laser with a power density in the range of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of ms is used to melt spray materials first, and then a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of ns is used. The high-level strong laser pulse beam is directly irradiated on the molten spraying material, and part of the molten material absorbs the laser energy to generate high-pressure plasma, which instantly exerts a downward ultra-high impact force on the molten material, and then drives the molten spraying material Sputter onto the inner wall of hole parts to complete the spraying.

本发明主要具有以下技术优势:The present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:

(1)本装置充分利用了不同参数的强激光对材料的不同作用效果;使用双脉冲激光发生器先后发出时间间隔极短的两个激光脉冲束先加热熔融喷涂材料后使喷涂材料溅射,进而完成喷涂,缩短了熔融与喷涂两个步骤的间隔时间。(1) This device makes full use of the different effects of strong lasers with different parameters on materials; a double-pulse laser generator is used to send out two laser pulse beams with a very short time interval, first heating the molten spraying material and then sputtering the spraying material, Further, the spraying is completed, and the interval time between the two steps of melting and spraying is shortened.

(2)零件在喷涂过程中处于被加热的喷涂室内,防止了在冷却过程中零件内壁喷涂涂层因较大的内应力产生裂纹,涂层质量好。(2) The parts are in the heated spraying room during the spraying process, which prevents cracks in the sprayed coating on the inner wall of the part due to large internal stress during the cooling process, and the coating quality is good.

(3)本装置采用计算机控制升降平台移动,可精确的控制喷涂材料棒的上下移动和孔类零件的上下移动,从而可以方便的进行同一位置的多次喷涂和不同位置的喷涂,操作方便。(3) The device uses a computer to control the movement of the lifting platform, which can accurately control the up and down movement of the spraying material rod and the up and down movement of the hole parts, so that multiple spraying at the same position and spraying at different positions can be easily performed, and the operation is convenient.

(4)材料熔融液经过雾化后变成更为细小的微粒,高速撞向基体或已沉积的涂层表面,发生局部变形(压缩应变),使得粒子撞击后基体或已沉积的涂层变形充分,进而使得涂层的致密度和涂层与基体的结合强度变大,孔隙率降低,内聚强度变大,涂层质量变好,并且使得喷涂涂层产生有益的残余压应力。(4) The material melt becomes finer particles after being atomized, and hits the substrate or the deposited coating surface at high speed, causing local deformation (compressive strain), which makes the substrate or the deposited coating deformed after the particle hits Sufficiently, the density of the coating and the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate will be increased, the porosity will be reduced, the cohesive strength will be increased, the coating quality will be better, and the sprayed coating will produce beneficial residual compressive stress.

(5)激光可以烧蚀任何材料,以此产生高压等离子体,因此适用范围广,可以根据喷涂涂层的需要,选择不同性能的喷涂材料,以制备各种功能的涂层。(5) The laser can ablate any material to generate high-pressure plasma, so it has a wide range of applications. According to the needs of spray coatings, spray materials with different properties can be selected to prepare coatings with various functions.

附图说明:Description of drawings:

图1为本发明一种基于双脉冲强激光技术的孔类零件内壁喷涂装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a kind of structure schematic diagram of the inner wall spraying device of hole class parts based on double-pulse intense laser technology of the present invention;

图2为图1中A-A剖面结构示意图;Fig. 2 is A-A sectional structure schematic diagram among Fig. 1;

图3为图1中I处的局部放大图。Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of I in Fig. 1 .

图中:1:双脉冲激光发生器;2:导光管;3:强激光脉冲束;4:全反镜;5:冲击头;6:压盖;7:空气加热器;8:进气管;9:进气开关;10:喷涂室;11:隔热涂层;12:电热管;13:第一密封圈;14:第二密封圈;15:第二夹具;16:第二升降台;17:第三密封圈;18:第一升降台;19:第一夹具;20:单向阀;21:排气管;22:喷涂材料棒;23:孔类零件;24:喷涂涂层;25:活动窗口;26:软质垫圈;27:透明玻璃;28:窗口清理装置;29:控制器;30:计算机。In the figure: 1: double pulse laser generator; 2: light guide tube; 3: strong laser pulse beam; 4: full mirror; 5: impact head; 6: gland; 7: air heater; 8: air intake pipe ;9: Air intake switch; 10: Spraying room; 11: Heat insulation coating; 12: Electric heating tube; 13: First sealing ring; 14: Second sealing ring; 15: Second fixture; 16: Second lifting platform ;17: The third sealing ring; 18: The first lifting table; 19: The first fixture; 20: Check valve; 21: Exhaust pipe; 22: Spraying material rod; 23: Hole parts; 24: Spraying coating ; 25: movable window; 26: soft gasket; 27: transparent glass; 28: window cleaning device; 29: controller; 30: computer.

具体实施方式:Detailed ways:

本发明装置包括夹具系统、加热保护系统、双脉冲激光发生器1、导光系统以及控制系统。所述夹具系统包括孔类零件23、喷涂材料棒22、第二密封圈14、第三密封圈17、软质垫圈26、压盖6、第一升降台18、第二升降台16、第一夹具19和第二夹具15,所述压盖6和软质垫圈26位于喷涂室10的上部,所述夹具系统中的其余部件位于喷涂室10的下部;所述第二密封圈14安装于所述喷涂室10底部所开的环形槽上,所述孔类零件23穿过所述第二密封圈14内圈并与第二密封圈14形成配合,所述第二密封圈14用于防止在喷涂过程中喷涂室10内部被加热的空气的泄露,所述孔类零件23放置于所述第二夹具15上,所述第二夹具15固定于第二升降台16上,所述第二夹具15夹紧所述孔类零件23,从而使所述孔类零件23与所述第二升降台16保持同步向上运动;所述第三密封圈17安装于第二升降台16中部所开的环形槽上,所述喷涂材料棒22穿过所述第三密封圈17内圈并与第三密封圈17形成配合,所述第三密封圈17用于防止在喷涂过程中喷涂室10内部被加热的空气的泄露,所述喷涂材料棒22放置于所述第一夹具19上,所述第一夹具19固定于所述第一升降台18上,所述第一夹具19夹紧所述喷涂材料棒22,从而使所述喷涂材料棒22与所述第一升降台18保持同步运动;所述软质垫圈26放置于喷涂室10正上方侧壁台阶上,用于起到密封和保护透明玻璃27的作用;所述透明玻璃27放置于所述软质垫圈26上,所述压盖6通过螺纹与喷涂室10上方侧壁形成配合,所述压盖6用于压紧透明玻璃27。The device of the present invention includes a fixture system, a heating protection system, a double pulse laser generator 1, a light guide system and a control system. Described fixture system comprises hole class part 23, spraying material rod 22, second sealing ring 14, the 3rd sealing ring 17, soft washer 26, gland 6, the first lifting table 18, the second lifting table 16, the first Clamp 19 and second clamp 15, described gland 6 and soft gasket 26 are positioned at the top of spray booth 10, and remaining parts in the clamp system are positioned at the bottom of spray booth 10; Described second sealing ring 14 is installed in all On the annular groove opened at the bottom of the spraying chamber 10, the hole part 23 passes through the inner ring of the second sealing ring 14 and forms a fit with the second sealing ring 14, and the second sealing ring 14 is used to prevent During the spraying process, the heated air inside the spraying room 10 leaks, the hole parts 23 are placed on the second fixture 15, the second fixture 15 is fixed on the second lifting table 16, and the second fixture 15 to clamp the hole parts 23 so that the hole parts 23 and the second lifting platform 16 keep moving upwards synchronously; On the groove, the spraying material rod 22 passes through the inner ring of the third sealing ring 17 and forms a fit with the third sealing ring 17, and the third sealing ring 17 is used to prevent the interior of the spraying chamber 10 from being heated during the spraying process The leakage of the air, the spraying material stick 22 is placed on the first clamp 19, the first clamp 19 is fixed on the first lifting table 18, and the first clamp 19 clamps the spraying material Rod 22, so that the spraying material rod 22 and the first lifting platform 18 keep moving synchronously; the soft gasket 26 is placed on the side wall step directly above the spraying chamber 10, for sealing and protecting the transparent glass 27; the transparent glass 27 is placed on the soft gasket 26, and the gland 6 is threaded to cooperate with the side wall above the spray chamber 10, and the gland 6 is used to compress the transparent glass 27.

所述加热保护系统包括喷涂室10、隔热涂层11、活动窗口25、进气开关9、进气管8、第一密封圈13、电热管12、空气加热器7、单向阀20和排气管21,所述活动窗口25位于喷涂室10的左侧,所述加热保护系统中的单向阀20和排气管21位于喷涂室10的左下侧,所述进气开关9、进气管8和空气加热器7位于喷涂室10的右上侧,所述加热保护系统中的其余部件位于喷涂室的右下侧;所述空气加热器7安装在进气口处,所述进气管8安装在所述空气加热器7上,所述进气开关9安装在所述进气管8上,所述空气加热器7用于对通入的保护气进行加热,所述隔热涂层11涂在喷涂室10内壁上,所述隔热涂层11所用的材料是隔热传导型隔热材料,所述隔热涂层11用于防止被加热保护气的热量传导到外界,所述第一密封圈13安装于所述电热管12尾部和喷涂室10侧壁的交界处所开的环形槽上,用于防止在喷涂过程中喷涂室10内部被加热的空气的泄露,所述电热管12尾部穿过第一密封圈13,所述电热管12尾部与所述第一密封圈13形成配合,所述电热管12用于对保护气进行加热,以此来保持保护气在喷涂过程中温度的恒定;所述单向阀20安装在排气口处,用于使得在喷涂过程中的加热空气的排出,以此维持喷涂室10内部压强的稳定,且使得外部的空气不会进入到喷涂室10内部,所述排气管21安装在所述单向阀20上。The heating protection system includes a spraying chamber 10, a thermal insulation coating 11, a movable window 25, an air inlet switch 9, an air inlet pipe 8, a first sealing ring 13, an electric heating pipe 12, an air heater 7, a one-way valve 20 and an exhaust Air pipe 21, the movable window 25 is located on the left side of the spray booth 10, the one-way valve 20 and exhaust pipe 21 in the heating protection system are located at the lower left side of the spray booth 10, the intake switch 9, the intake tube 8 and the air heater 7 are located on the upper right side of the spray booth 10, and the remaining components in the heating protection system are located on the lower right side of the spray booth; the air heater 7 is installed at the air inlet, and the air intake pipe 8 is installed On the air heater 7, the air intake switch 9 is installed on the air intake pipe 8, the air heater 7 is used to heat the incoming protective gas, and the heat insulating coating 11 is coated on On the inner wall of the spraying chamber 10, the material used for the heat-insulating coating 11 is a heat-insulating conductive heat-insulating material. The heat-insulating coating 11 is used to prevent the heat of the heated protective gas from being conducted to the outside world. The first sealing The ring 13 is installed on the annular groove opened at the junction of the tail of the electric heating tube 12 and the side wall of the spraying chamber 10 to prevent the leakage of the heated air inside the spraying chamber 10 during the spraying process. The tail of the electric heating pipe 12 wears Through the first sealing ring 13, the tail of the electric heating tube 12 is matched with the first sealing ring 13, and the electric heating tube 12 is used to heat the shielding gas, so as to keep the temperature of the shielding gas constant during the spraying process The one-way valve 20 is installed at the exhaust port, and is used to discharge the heated air during the spraying process, so as to maintain the stability of the internal pressure of the spraying room 10, and make the outside air not enter the spraying room 10 Inside, the exhaust pipe 21 is installed on the one-way valve 20 .

所述导光系统包括导光管2、全反镜4、冲击头5、透明玻璃27和窗口清理装置28,所述导光系统位于喷涂室10的上方;所述导光管2的一端连接所述双脉冲激光发生器1,所述导光管2的另一端连接所述的冲击头5,所述双脉冲激光发生器1发出的所述强激光脉冲束3经过所述全反镜4的全反射透过所述透明玻璃27竖直直接辐照在所述喷涂材料棒22的上端面,所述窗口清理装置28安装在所述透明玻璃27上,用于清理附着在所述透明玻璃27上的物体,以此保证光路的畅通;当所述窗口清理装置28不清理所述透明玻璃27附着的物体时,停在所述透明玻璃27左端,使其不会影响光路的畅通;Described light guiding system comprises light guiding system 2, total reflection mirror 4, impact head 5, transparent glass 27 and window cleaning device 28, and described light guiding system is positioned at the top of spraying booth 10; One end of described light guiding system 2 is connected The double-pulse laser generator 1, the other end of the light pipe 2 is connected to the impact head 5, and the strong laser pulse beam 3 emitted by the double-pulse laser generator 1 passes through the total reflection mirror 4 The total reflection passes through the transparent glass 27 and directly irradiates the upper end surface of the spraying material rod 22. The window cleaning device 28 is installed on the transparent glass 27 for cleaning the window attached to the transparent glass. 27, so as to ensure the smooth flow of the light path; when the window cleaning device 28 does not clean up the object attached to the transparent glass 27, stop at the left end of the transparent glass 27 so that it will not affect the smooth flow of the light path;

所述控制系统包括计算机30和控制器29,所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,所述控制器29通过数据线分别与所述双脉冲激光发生器1、所述进气开关9、所述空气加热器7、所述电热管12、所述第一升降台18、所述第二升降台16和窗口清理装置28相连。用于控制所述双脉冲激光发生器1、所述进气开关9、所述空气加热器7、所述电热管12、所述窗口清理装置28、所述第一升降台18和所述第二升降台16,具体为控制所述强激光脉冲束3的功率密度和脉宽等相关参数,在同一位置的喷涂次数以及不同位置的喷涂,控制所述第一升降台18的升降和所述第二升降台16的升降,控制所述进气开关9阀门的开闭,使得喷涂室10内部在喷涂过程中始终充满保护气,控制空气加热器7的开闭,使得保护气在通入喷涂室10之前被加热,控制电热管12的得电,使得所述电热管12对保护气进行加热,以此来保证在喷涂过程中保护气温度的恒定。Described control system comprises computer 30 and controller 29, and described computer 30 sends signal to described controller 29, and described controller 29 communicates with described double-pulse laser generator 1, described air intake switch 9 respectively through data lines. , the air heater 7, the electric heating tube 12, the first lifting platform 18, the second lifting platform 16 and the window cleaning device 28 are connected. It is used to control the double-pulse laser generator 1, the air intake switch 9, the air heater 7, the electric heating tube 12, the window cleaning device 28, the first lifting platform 18 and the second The second lifting platform 16 is specifically to control related parameters such as the power density and pulse width of the strong laser pulse beam 3, the number of times of spraying at the same position and the spraying at different positions, control the lifting of the first lifting platform 18 and the The lifting of the second lifting platform 16 controls the opening and closing of the intake switch 9 valves, so that the inside of the spraying chamber 10 is always filled with protective gas during the spraying process, and controls the opening and closing of the air heater 7, so that the protective gas is sprayed when it is passed into. The chamber 10 is heated before, and the electric heating tube 12 is controlled to be powered, so that the electric heating tube 12 heats the shielding gas, so as to ensure the constant temperature of the shielding gas during the spraying process.

下面结合附图,说明具体的喷涂步骤:Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific spraying steps are described:

(1)上述装置安装好后,计算机30向控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制进气开关9阀门和空气加热器7开关的同时打开,使得保护气在流经空气加热器7时被加热,再通向喷涂室10内部并充满整个喷涂室10内部。(1) After the above-mentioned device is installed, the computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the opening of the air intake switch 9 valve and the air heater 7 switch, so that the protective gas flows through the air heater 7 When heated, it passes to the inside of the spray booth 10 and fills the inside of the entire spray booth 10.

(2)所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使得所述控制器29控制所述电热管12的通电,使得电热管12对保护气进行加热,以此来保证在喷涂过程中所述喷涂室10内部保护气温度的恒定,以此来保证喷涂涂层在冷却过程中不会因为较大的内应力而产生裂纹。(2) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the energization of the electric heating tube 12, so that the electric heating tube 12 heats the shielding gas, so as to ensure all The temperature of the shielding gas inside the spraying chamber 10 is kept constant, so as to ensure that the sprayed coating will not crack due to large internal stress during the cooling process.

(3)所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使得所述控制器29控制双脉冲激光发生器1先发出一个脉宽为ms量级、功率密度在105-106W/cm2范围内的强激光脉冲束3,使其竖直直接辐照在所述喷涂材料棒22的上端面,所述喷涂材料棒22上端面部分喷涂材料吸收激光能量发生熔融,并形成熔池;再发出一个功率密度高于108W/cm2、脉宽为ns量级的所述强激光脉冲束3,使其竖直直接辐照在熔池内的熔融材料表面上,部分熔融材料吸收激光能量产生的高压等离子体瞬间对熔融材料施加一向下的冲击力,使熔融材料发生溅射,溅射的熔滴在孔类零件内部雾化成更为细小的微粒,并以很高的速度撞向所述孔类零件23内壁,进而形成喷涂涂层24,完成第一次喷涂。(3) The computer 30 sends a signal to the controller 29, so that the controller 29 controls the double-pulse laser generator 1 to first send out a pulse width of the order of ms and a power density of 10 5 -10 6 W/cm The strong laser pulse beam 3 within the range of 2 makes it vertically and directly irradiate the upper end surface of the spray material rod 22, and part of the spray material on the upper end surface of the spray material rod 22 absorbs the laser energy to melt and form a molten pool; Then emit a strong laser pulse beam 3 with a power density higher than 10 8 W/cm 2 and a pulse width of the order of ns, so that it is irradiated vertically and directly on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool, and part of the molten material absorbs the laser light The high-pressure plasma generated by the energy instantly exerts a downward impact on the molten material, causing the molten material to sputter, and the sputtered droplets are atomized into finer particles inside the hole parts, and hit them at a high speed. The inner wall of the orifice part 23 further forms a spray coating 24 to complete the first spraying.

(4)用所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制窗口清理装置28清理透明玻璃27上附着的物体,以此保证光路的畅通;当所述窗口清理装置28不清理所述透明玻璃27上附着的物体时,停在所述透明玻璃27左端,使其不会影响光路的畅通。(4) send signal to described controller 29 with described computer 30, make described controller 29 control window cleaning device 28 clean up the object attached on the transparent glass 27, guarantee the smooth flow of light path with this; When described window cleaning device 28 When not cleaning up the attached objects on the transparent glass 27, stop at the left end of the transparent glass 27 so that it will not affect the smooth flow of the light path.

(5)当第一次冲击喷涂的所述喷涂涂层24厚度未达到要求,需要在同一位置进行多次喷涂时;重复步骤3、4一次,至此完成所述孔类零件23内壁的第二次喷涂;重复步骤3、4多次,直至该位置的涂层厚度满足要求。(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating 24 of the first impact spraying does not meet the requirements, and it is necessary to carry out multiple sprayings at the same position; repeat steps 3 and 4 once, and so far complete the second coating of the inner wall of the hole type part 23 Spray once; repeat steps 3 and 4 several times until the coating thickness at this position meets the requirements.

(6)需要在不同位置进行喷涂时,通过所述计算机30向所述控制器29发送信号,使所述控制器29控制所述第二升降台16和其上的所述孔类零件23同步向上移动;之后,重复上述步骤(3)、步骤(4)多次,至此完成新位置的喷涂,直至所述孔类零件23内壁喷涂涂层24都达到要求为止;之后,关闭所述空气加热器7和电热管12的开关,孔类零件23在被加热的喷涂室10内进行缓慢冷却,待得所述喷涂涂层24冷却至室温,停止通入保护气,松开第二夹具15,打开活动窗口25,取出所述孔类零件23,完成后再进行下一个零件的喷涂。(6) When it is necessary to spray at different positions, send a signal to the controller 29 through the computer 30, so that the controller 29 controls the synchronization of the second lifting platform 16 and the hole parts 23 thereon Move up; Afterwards, repeat above-mentioned step (3), step (4) multiple times, so far finish the spraying of new position, until described hole class part 23 inner wall spraying coating 24 all reaches requirements; Afterwards, close described air heating The switch of the device 7 and the electric heating tube 12, the hole parts 23 are slowly cooled in the heated spraying chamber 10, and the sprayed coating 24 is cooled to room temperature, stop feeding the protective gas, and loosen the second clamp 15, Open the movable window 25, take out the hole type parts 23, and then carry out the spraying of the next part after completion.

Claims (2)

1. The hole part inner wall spraying device based on the double-pulse strong laser technology is characterized by comprising a clamp system, a heating protection system, a double-pulse laser generator (1), a light guide system and a control system: the clamp system comprises a hole part (23), a spraying material rod (22), a second sealing ring (14), a third sealing ring (17), a soft gasket (26), a gland (6), a first lifting table (18), a second lifting table (16), a first clamp (19) and a second clamp (15), wherein the gland (6) and the soft gasket (26) are positioned at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10), the rest parts in the clamp system are positioned at the lower part of the spraying chamber (10), the second sealing ring (14) is arranged on an annular groove arranged at the bottom of the spraying chamber (10), the hole part (23) penetrates through an inner ring of the second sealing ring (14) and is matched with the second sealing ring (14), the hole part (23) is arranged on the second clamp (15), the second clamp (15) is fixed on the second lifting table (16), the second clamp (15) is used for clamping the hole part (23), the third sealing ring (17) is arranged on the second lifting table (16) and is matched with the third sealing ring (17) through the annular groove (17) to form a sealing ring, the first clamp (19) is fixed on the first lifting table (18), the first clamp (19) clamps the spraying material rod (22), the soft gasket (26) is placed on a step of the side wall at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10), the transparent glass (27) is placed on the soft gasket (26), the gland (6) is matched with the side wall at the upper part of the spraying chamber (10) through threads, and the gland (6) presses the transparent glass (27); the heating protection system comprises a spraying chamber (10), a thermal insulation coating (11), a movable window (25), an air inlet switch (9), an air inlet pipe (8), a first sealing ring (13), an electric heating pipe (12), an air heater (7), a one-way valve (20) and an exhaust pipe (21), wherein the movable window (25) is positioned on the left side of the spraying chamber (10), the one-way valve (20) and the exhaust pipe (21) are positioned on the left lower side of the spraying chamber (10), the air inlet switch (9), the air inlet pipe (8) and the air heater (7) are positioned on the right upper side of the spraying chamber (10), the rest parts in the heating protection system are positioned on the right lower side of the spraying chamber, the thermal insulation coating (11) is coated on the inner wall of the spraying chamber (10), the air heater (7) is arranged at an air inlet, the air inlet pipe (8) is arranged on the air heater (7), the air inlet switch (9) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (8), the first sealing ring (13) is arranged on the junction of the electric heating pipe (12) and the sealing ring (12) and passes through the first sealing ring (12) and is arranged on the sealing ring (12), the one-way valve (20) is arranged at the exhaust port, and the exhaust pipe (21) is arranged on the one-way valve (20); the light guide system comprises a light guide pipe (2), a total reflection mirror (4), an impact head (5), transparent glass (27) and a window cleaning device (28), wherein the light guide system is positioned above the spraying chamber (10), one end of the light guide pipe (2) is connected with the double-pulse laser generator (1), the other end of the light guide pipe (2) is connected with the impact head (5), the window cleaning device (28) is arranged on the transparent glass (27), and the impact head (5) is provided with a Fang Zhengdui spraying material rod (22); the control system comprises a computer (30) and a controller (29), wherein the computer (30) sends signals to the controller (29), and the controller (29) is respectively connected with the double-pulse laser generator (1), the air inlet switch (9), the air heater (7), the electric heating tube (12), the first lifting table (18), the second lifting table (16) and the window cleaning device (28) through data lines.
2. A spraying method of a spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) After the device is installed, a computer (30) sends a signal to a controller (29), so that the controller (29) controls an air inlet switch (9) valve and an air heater (7) to be opened simultaneously, and protective gas is introduced into a spraying chamber (10);
(2) The computer (30) sends a signal to the controller (29) so that the controller (29) controls the energization of the electric heating tube (12);
(3) The computer (30) sends a signal to the controller (29) so that the controller (29) controls the double-pulse laser generator (1) to firstly send out a pulse width of
Figure QLYQS_1
Magnitude, power density is +.>
Figure QLYQS_2
A strong laser pulse beam (3) in a range is vertically and directly irradiated on the upper end face of a spraying material rod (22), and the spraying material on the upper end face part of the spraying material rod (22) absorbs laser energy to be melted and form a molten pool; the double pulse laser generator (1) emits a power density higher than +.>
Figure QLYQS_3
The strong laser pulse beam (3) with the pulse width of ns is vertically and directly irradiated on the surface of the molten material in the molten pool, and partial molten material absorbs high-pressure plasma generated by laser energy to instantaneously perform opposite meltingApplying a downward ultrahigh impact force to the molten material to enable the molten material to be sputtered, atomizing the sputtered molten drops into finer particles in the hole part, and enabling the particles to collide with the inner wall of the hole part (23) at a high speed so as to form a spraying coating (24), so that the first spraying is finished;
(4) Causing the computer (30) to send a signal to the controller (29), causing the controller (29) to control a window cleaning device (28) to clean an object attached to the transparent glass (27);
(5) When the thickness of the sprayed coating (24) sprayed by the first impact does not meet the requirement and the spraying is required to be carried out for a plurality of times at the same position; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for one time, and finishing the second spraying of the inner wall of the hole part (23) so far; repeating the step (3) and the step (4) for a plurality of times until the thickness of the coating at the position meets the requirement;
(6) When spraying is required at different positions, a signal is sent to the controller (29) through the computer (30), so that the controller (29) controls the second lifting table (16) and the hole parts (23) on the second lifting table to move; repeating the steps (3) and (4) for a plurality of times, and finishing the spraying of the new position until the inner wall spraying coating (24) of the hole part (23) meets the requirement; and then, closing the switches of the air heater (7) and the electric heating tube (12), slowly cooling the hole parts (23) in the heated spraying chamber (10), stopping introducing protective gas when the spraying coating (24) is cooled to a set temperature, loosening the second clamp (15), opening the movable window (25), taking out the hole parts (23), and finishing the inner wall spraying of the hole parts.
CN201911362196.8A 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 Hole part inner wall spraying method and device based on double-pulse strong laser technology Active CN110877003B (en)

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