CN110865266B - Lightning-resistant horizontal test method for power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device - Google Patents
Lightning-resistant horizontal test method for power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110865266B CN110865266B CN201911222148.9A CN201911222148A CN110865266B CN 110865266 B CN110865266 B CN 110865266B CN 201911222148 A CN201911222148 A CN 201911222148A CN 110865266 B CN110865266 B CN 110865266B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
Abstract
The invention provides a lightning resistance horizontal test method for a power transmission line of a cross-shaped grounding device, which is characterized in that a test platform is set up, the platform comprises a wireless current sensor, an impulse voltage generator, a control and measurement analysis system, a first tower, a second tower, a third tower, a coaxial cable, a first lightning conductor, a second lightning conductor, an A-phase power transmission line, a B-phase power transmission line and a C-phase power transmission line, the lightning resistance horizontal values of low, medium, high and ultrahigh soil resistivity areas are respectively tested and calculated according to theoretical values, and then a particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize a lightning resistance horizontal calculation formula. The method has the beneficial effect that the lightning withstand level of the power transmission line of the typical cross-shaped grounding device can be tested more truly and reliably by utilizing the particle swarm algorithm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning measurement and protection, in particular to a lightning resistance horizontal test method for a power transmission line of a cross-shaped grounding device.
Background
With the rapid development of the scale of a power grid and frequent occurrence of severe weather, accidents caused by lightning striking of a power transmission line are increasing. When thunder and lightning strikes a line tower or an overhead ground wire directly, lightning current flows to the ground through the tower and the grounding device thereof, the tower and the grounding device thereof have certain impedance, the voltage drop generated by the lightning current on the impedance raises the potential of the tower top, when the potential of the tower top is raised to a certain value, flashover can occur between the tower and a lead, and the lead forms power frequency follow current on the tower through a flashover channel, thereby leading to line tripping. In recent years, a large number of lightning protection reconstruction and special technical improvement measures are carried out on power transmission lines by southern power grids and various subsidiary companies thereof, but the vast areas of the southern power grid five provinces are located in tropical and subtropical monsoon areas, particularly the areas of Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan in coastal areas, lightning activities are frequent all the year round, and power transmission facility damage and trip accidents caused by lightning strike sometimes occur.
The lightning withstand level is a key reference index of lightning protection engineering, and due to the lack of reliable lightning withstand level indexes of power transmission lines as a basis, the existing lightning protection measures often have certain blindness, so that an intelligent evaluation system and method for the lightning withstand level of a power transmission system are urgently needed in order to accurately acquire lightning parameters and accurately evaluate the lightning protection performance of the lines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightning-resistant horizontal test method for a power transmission line of a cross-shaped grounding device, which comprises the step of building a more accurate lightning-resistant horizontal test platform for the power transmission line of the cross-shaped grounding device.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the lightning-resistant horizontal test platform for the power transmission line of the cross-shaped grounding device comprises a wireless current sensor, an impulse voltage generator, a control and measurement analysis system, a first tower, a second tower, a third tower, a coaxial cable, a first lightning conductor, a second lightning conductor, an A-phase power transmission line, a B-phase power transmission line and a C-phase power transmission line.
The first lightning conductor and the second lightning conductor are respectively connected with the first tower, the second tower and the third tower, the impulse voltage generator is connected with the top of the first tower through a coaxial cable, and the wireless current sensor is fixed on the coaxial cable close to one side of the first tower.
Further, the tower I comprises a tower main body I, an insulator string A1, an insulator string B1, an insulator string C1, a sand pool, a grounding device I and a grounding lead I, wherein the insulator string A1, the insulator string B1 and the insulator string C1 are respectively connected with the tower main body I, the A-phase power transmission line, the B-phase power transmission line and the C-phase power transmission line, a tower foot of the tower main body I is connected with the grounding device I through the grounding lead I, the grounding device I is deeply buried in the sand pool, and the sand pool is filled with test soil.
Further, the second tower comprises a second tower main body, an insulator string A2, an insulator string B2, an insulator string C2, a second grounding device and a second grounding lead, wherein the insulator string A2, the insulator string B2 and the insulator string C2 are respectively connected with the second tower main body and the A-phase power transmission line, the B-phase power transmission line and the C-phase power transmission line, and tower feet of the second tower main body are connected with the second grounding device through the second grounding lead.
Further, the third tower comprises a third tower body, an insulator string A3, an insulator string B3, an insulator string C3, a third grounding device and a third grounding lead, wherein the insulator string A3, the insulator string B3 and the insulator string C3 are respectively connected with the third tower body and the A-phase power transmission line, the B-phase power transmission line and the C-phase power transmission line, and three tower legs of the third tower body are connected with the third grounding device through the third grounding lead.
Furthermore, the control, measurement and analysis system comprises an upper computer, a wireless module, a signal collector, a signal controller, a first high-voltage differential probe, a second high-voltage differential probe and a third high-voltage differential probe, wherein the first high-voltage differential probe, the second high-voltage differential probe and the third high-voltage differential probe are respectively connected to two ends of an insulator string A1, an insulator string B1 and an insulator string C1, and signals are uploaded to the upper computer through the signal collector; the wireless module transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor to the upper computer; the upper computer changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator through the control signal controller.
Based on the constructed platform, the power transmission line lightning resistance horizontal test method of the cross-shaped grounding device comprises the following steps:
s1: simulating lightning stroke of the tower top of the transmission tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the soil resistivity into five types according to different soil resistivity from low to high, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil in a sand pool aiming at a low soil resistivity area, starting from 10 omega m, taking one soil resistivity every 10 omega m, repeating the first step, and measuring the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at the middle soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the test soil in the sand pool, starting from 125 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 25 omega m, and repeating the first step to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at a high soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the test soil in the sand pool, starting from 550 ohm-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 ohm-m, and repeating the first step to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at a higher soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the test soil in the sand pool, starting from 1050 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, and repeating the first step to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at the ultrahigh soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the test soil in the sand pool, starting from 2050 omega m, taking 20 groups of soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, and repeating the first step to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the theoretical value I of the counterattack lightning resistance level under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein I is the theoretical value of the lightning-resistant horizontal counterattack, L is the geometric dimension, and LgtIs equivalent inductance of the tower, rho is soil resistivity, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The voltage is flashover voltage of an insulator string, alpha is a shunt coefficient, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, m is an error coefficient, and eta is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: repeating the step S4 to finally obtain the optimal values of the error coefficients m in the low soil resistivity region, the medium soil resistivity region, the high soil resistivity region, the higher soil resistivity region and the ultrahigh soil resistivity region, wherein the optimal values are m1、m2、m3、m4、m5And substituting the formula (1) to obtain optimized theoretical formulas (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6):
in the formula IyThe optimized theoretical calculation value of the counterattack lightning-resistant level is obtained.
Further, the specific process of step S1 is:
1) the impulse voltage generator is turned on, lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the first tower, the wireless current sensor records impulse current injected into the tower top of the first tower, and the impulse current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless module and further transmitted to the upper computer; meanwhile, the high-voltage differential probe I, the high-voltage differential probe II and the high-voltage differential probe III respectively measure overvoltage at two ends of an insulator string A1, an insulator string B1 and an insulator string C1, the overvoltage is transmitted to an upper computer through a signal collector, the upper computer controls a signal controller to close an impulse voltage generator, and whether flashover happens to the insulator string A1, the insulator string B1 and the insulator string C1 is judged;
2) if the insulator string has flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator is reduced by delta U through the signal controller, the impulse voltage generator is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string just does not have flashover, and the impact current amplitude I measured in the previous time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if insulator strings are not in flashover, increasing the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator by delta U through the signal controller, opening the impulse voltage generator again, repeating the method until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and measuring the impact current amplitude I measured at this timecAs lightning resistance level.
Further, the specific process of step S4 is:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (7):
wherein g (m) represents an objective function, IiIs a theoretical calculation value of lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the n is the number of data groups;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured lightning-resistant level and the theoretical value.
Wherein the range of the soil resistivity in the low soil resistivity region is as follows: ρ < ═ 100 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the medium soil resistivity region is: 100 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 500 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the high soil resistivity region is: 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the higher soil resistivity region is: 1000 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 2000 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the ultrahigh soil resistivity area is as follows: 2000 Ω · m < ρ, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the lightning resistance level of the lightning strike power transmission line under the high soil resistivity in the mountainous area can be accurately tested; by a method combining measurement and theory, a lightning resistance horizontal formula is corrected, and more reliable lightning protection engineering indexes can be obtained; main operation and control are completed through an upper computer, operation is convenient and intelligent, safety and reliability are achieved, and universality is achieved for lightning resistance level testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the platform of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the lightning-resistant horizontal test platform for the power transmission line of the cross-shaped grounding device comprises a wireless current sensor 7, an impulse voltage generator 11, a control and measurement analysis system 17, a first tower 21, a second tower 22, a third tower 23, a coaxial cable 24, a first lightning conductor 81, a second lightning conductor 82, an a-phase power transmission line 91, a B-phase power transmission line 92 and a C-phase power transmission line 93;
the first lightning conductor 81 and the second lightning conductor 82 respectively connect the first tower 21, the second tower 22 and the third tower 23, the impulse voltage generator 11 is connected with the top of the first tower 21 through a coaxial cable 24, and the wireless current sensor 7 is fixed on the coaxial cable 24 close to one side of the tower;
the tower I21 comprises a tower main body I101, an insulator string A1-131, an insulator string B1-132, an insulator string C1-133, a sand pool 5, a grounding device I61 and a grounding lead I161, wherein the insulator string A1-131, the insulator string B1-132 and the insulator string C1-133 are respectively connected with the tower main body I101, an A-phase power transmission line 91, a B-phase power transmission line 92 and a C-phase power transmission line 93, a tower foot of the tower main body I101 is connected with the grounding device I61 through the grounding lead I161, the grounding device I61 is deeply buried in the sand pool 5, and the sand pool 5 is filled with test soil 18.
The second tower 22 comprises a second tower main body 102, insulator strings A2-141, insulator strings B2-142, insulator strings C2-143, a second grounding device 62 and a second grounding lead 162, wherein the insulator strings A2-141, the insulator strings B2-142 and the insulator strings C2-143 are respectively connected with the second tower main body 102, the A-phase power transmission line 91, the B-phase power transmission line 92 and the C-phase power transmission line 93, and tower feet of the second tower main body 102 are connected with the second grounding device 62 through the second grounding lead 162.
The tower III 23 comprises a tower main body III 103, an insulator string A3-151, an insulator string B3-152, an insulator string C3-153, a grounding device III 63 and a grounding lead wire III 163, wherein the insulator string A3-151, the insulator string B3-152 and the insulator string C3-153 are respectively connected with the tower main body III 103, an A-phase power transmission line 91, a B-phase power transmission line 92 and a C-phase power transmission line 93, and a tower foot of the tower main body III 103 is connected with the grounding device III 63 through the grounding lead wire III 163.
The control and measurement analysis system 17 comprises an upper computer 1, a wireless module 2, a signal collector 3, a signal controller 12, a first high-voltage differential probe 41, a second high-voltage differential probe 42 and a third high-voltage differential probe 43, wherein the first high-voltage differential probe 41, the second high-voltage differential probe 42 and the third high-voltage differential probe 43 are respectively connected to two ends of an insulator string A1-131, an insulator string B1-132 and an insulator string C1-133, and signals are uploaded to the upper computer 1 through the signal collector 3; the wireless module 2 transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor 7 to the upper computer 1; the upper computer 1 changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator 11 through the control signal controller 12.
Example 2
A lightning resistance horizontal test method for a power transmission line of a cross grounding device comprises the following steps:
s1: simulating lightning stroke on the tower top of the transmission line tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the soil resistivity into five types according to different soil resistivity from low to high, aiming at a low soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil 18 in a sand pool 5 by rho & lt100 omega & gt, wherein rho is the soil resistivity, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 10 omega & m from 10 omega & m, repeating the second step, and measuring the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at the medium soil resistivity region, 100 omega-m < rho < 500 omega-m, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil 18 in the sand pool 5, starting from 125 omega-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 25 omega-m, and repeating the second step to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; for the high soil resistivity area, 500 omega-m < rho < 1000 omega-m, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil 18 in the sand pool 5, starting from 550 omega-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega-m, and repeating the second step to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; for the region with higher soil resistivity, 1000 omega-m < rho < 2000 omega-m, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil 18 in the sand pool 5, starting from 1050 omega-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega-m, and repeating the second step to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at the ultrahigh soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the tested soil 18 in the sand pool 5 according to 2000 omega m < rho, taking 20 groups of soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m from 2050 omega m, and repeating the second step to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the theoretical value I of the counterattack lightning resistance level under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein I is a theoretical value of lightning strike-back level, rho is the resistivity of the soil, L is a geometric dimension, and L isgtIs the equivalent inductance of the tower, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The voltage is flashover voltage of an insulator string, alpha is a shunt coefficient, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, m is an error coefficient, and eta is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: repeating the step S4 to finally obtain the optimal values of the error coefficients m in the low soil resistivity area, the medium soil resistivity area, the high soil resistivity area and the ultrahigh soil resistivity area which are m respectively1、m2、m3、m4、m5And substituting the formula (8) to obtain optimized theoretical formulas (9), (10), (11), (12) and (13):
in the formula IyThe optimized theoretical calculation value of the counterattack lightning-resistant level is obtained.
The specific process of step S1 is:
1) the impulse voltage generator 11 is turned on, lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the tower I21, the wireless current sensor 7 records impulse current injected into the tower I21, and the impulse current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless module 2 and further transmitted to the upper computer 1; meanwhile, the first high-voltage differential probe 41, the second high-voltage differential probe 42 and the third high-voltage differential probe 43 respectively measure overvoltage at two ends of an insulator string A1-131, an insulator string B1-132 and an insulator string C1-133, the overvoltage is transmitted to the upper computer 1 through the signal collector 3, the upper computer 1 controls the signal controller (12) to close the impulse voltage generator 11, and whether flashover occurs on the insulator string A1-131, the insulator string B1-132 and the insulator string C1-133 is judged;
2) if the insulator string has flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 is reduced by delta U through the signal controller 12, the impulse voltage generator 11 is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string just does not have flashover, and the impact current amplitude I measured at the previous time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if it isWhen insulator strings are not in flashover, the signal controller 12 increases the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 by delta U, opens the impulse voltage generator 11 again, repeats the method until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and then measures the impact current amplitude IcAs lightning resistance level.
The specific process of step S4 is:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (14):
wherein g (m) represents an objective function, IiIs a theoretical calculation value of lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the n is the number of data groups;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured value of the lightning resistance level and the theoretical value.
In step S2, the range of the soil resistivity in the low soil resistivity region is: ρ < ═ 100 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the medium soil resistivity region is: 100 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 500 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the high soil resistivity region is: 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the higher soil resistivity region is: 1000 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 2000 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the ultrahigh soil resistivity area is as follows: 2000 Ω · m < ρ, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The lightning resistance horizontal test method for the power transmission line of the cross-shaped grounding device is characterized by firstly establishing a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises a wireless current sensor (7), an impulse voltage generator (11), a control and measurement analysis system (17), a first tower (21), a second tower (22), a third tower (23), a coaxial cable (24), a first lightning conductor (81), a second lightning conductor (82), an A-phase power transmission line (91), a B-phase power transmission line (92) and a C-phase power transmission line (93);
the first lightning conductor (81) and the second lightning conductor (82) respectively connect the first tower (21), the second tower (22) and the third tower (23), the impulse voltage generator (11) is connected with the top of the first tower (21) through a coaxial cable (24), and the wireless current sensor (7) is fixed on the coaxial cable (24) close to one side of the tower;
the tower I (21) in the test platform comprises a tower main body I (101), an insulator string A1(131), an insulator string B1(132), an insulator string C1(133), a sand pool (5), a grounding device I (61) and a grounding lead I (161), wherein the insulator string A1(131), the insulator string B1(132) and the insulator string C1(133) are respectively connected with the tower main body I (101), an A-phase transmission line (91), a B-phase transmission line (92) and a C-phase transmission line (93), tower feet of the tower main body I (101) are connected with the grounding device I (61) through the grounding lead I (161), the grounding device I (61) is deeply buried in the sand pool (5), and the sand pool (5) is filled with test soil (18);
the second tower (22) in the test platform comprises a second tower main body (102), an insulator string A2(141), an insulator string B2(142), an insulator string C2(143), a second grounding device (62) and a second grounding lead (162), wherein the insulator string A2(141), the insulator string B2(142) and the insulator string C2(143) are respectively connected with the second tower main body (102), an A-phase power transmission line (91), a B-phase power transmission line (92) and a C-phase power transmission line (93), and tower feet of the second tower main body (102) are connected with the second grounding device (62) through the second grounding lead (162);
the tower III (23) in the test platform comprises a tower main body III (103), an insulator string A3(151), an insulator string B3(152), an insulator string C3(153), a grounding device III (63) and a grounding lead III (163), wherein the insulator string A3(151), the insulator string B3(152) and the insulator string C3(153) are respectively connected with the tower main body III (103), an A-phase power transmission line (91), a B-phase power transmission line (92) and a C-phase power transmission line (93), and a tower foot of the tower main body III (103) is connected with the grounding device III (63) through the grounding lead III (163);
the test platform in-control, measurement and analysis system (17) comprises an upper computer (1), a wireless module (2), a signal collector (3), a signal controller (12), a first high-voltage differential probe (41), a second high-voltage differential probe (42) and a third high-voltage differential probe (43), wherein the first high-voltage differential probe (41), the second high-voltage differential probe (42) and the third high-voltage differential probe (43) are respectively connected to two ends of an insulator string A1(131), an insulator string B1(132) and an insulator string C1(133), and measured voltage signals are uploaded to the upper computer (1) through the signal collector (3); the wireless module (2) transmits the current signal acquired by the wireless current sensor (7) to the upper computer (1); the upper computer (1) changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator (11) through the control signal controller (12);
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: simulating lightning stroke of the tower top of the transmission tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the soil resistivity into five types according to different soil resistivity from low to high, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) to be tested in a sand pool (5) aiming at a low soil resistivity area, starting from 10 omega m, taking one soil resistivity every 10 omega m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning withstand level under the soil resistivity; changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) tested in the sand pool (5) aiming at the medium soil resistivity area, starting from 125 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 25 omega m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; for the high soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) tested in the sand pool (5), starting from 550 ohm-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 ohm-m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) tested in the sand pool (5) aiming at the region with higher soil resistivity, starting from 1050 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; aiming at the ultrahigh soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) tested in the sand pool (5), starting from 2050 omega m, taking 20 groups of soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the theoretical value I of the counterattack lightning resistance level under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein I is the theoretical value of the lightning-resistant horizontal counterattack, L is the geometric dimension, and LgtIs equivalent inductance of the tower, rho is soil resistivity, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The voltage is flashover voltage of an insulator string, alpha is a shunt coefficient, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, m is an error coefficient, and eta is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: repeating the step S4 to obtain error systems in the low soil resistivity region, the medium soil resistivity region, the high soil resistivity region and the ultrahigh soil resistivity regionThe optimum value of the number m is m1、m2、m3、m4、m5And substituting the formula (1) to obtain optimized theoretical formulas (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6):
in the formula IyAnd theoretically calculating the optimized lightning resistance level.
2. The method for testing lightning withstand level of power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step S1 is as follows:
1) the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on, lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the tower I (21), the wireless current sensor (7) records impulse current injected into the tower top of the tower I (21), and the impulse current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless module (2) and further transmitted to the upper computer (1); meanwhile, overvoltage at two ends of an insulator string A1(131), an insulator string B1(132) and an insulator string C1(133) is measured by a first high-voltage differential probe (41), a second high-voltage differential probe (42) and a third high-voltage differential probe (43) respectively and transmitted to an upper computer (1) through a signal collector (3), the upper computer (1) controls a signal controller (12) to close an impact voltage generator (11) and judges whether flashover occurs in the insulator string A1(131), the insulator string B1(132) and the insulator string C1 (133);
2) if the insulator string has flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator (11) is reduced by delta U through the signal controller (12), the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string just does not have flashover, and the previously measured impulse current amplitude I is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if insulator strings are not in flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator (11) is increased by delta U through the signal controller (12), the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on again, the method is repeated until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and the measured impulse current amplitude I is measured at this timecAs lightning resistance level.
3. The method for testing lightning withstand level of power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step S4 is as follows:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (7):
wherein g (m) represents an objective function, IiIs a theoretical calculation value of lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the n is the number of data groups;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured lightning-resistant level and the theoretical value.
4. The lightning withstand level test method for the power transmission line of the cross-shaped grounding device according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the range of the soil resistivity in the low soil resistivity region is as follows: ρ < ═ 100 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the medium soil resistivity region is: 100 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 500 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the high soil resistivity region is: 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m; the range of soil resistivity in the higher soil resistivity region is: 1000 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 2000 Ω · m; the range of the soil resistivity in the ultrahigh soil resistivity area is as follows: 2000 Ω · m < ρ, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
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| CN110865271B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning trip-out rate test method considering line soil resistivity differentiation |
| CN110865266B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning-resistant horizontal test method for power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device |
| CN114184765B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Transformer substation grounding grid soil characteristic assessment method considering soil porosity |
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