CN108414846B - Lightning waveform parameter time domain statistical method based on optical integrated electric field sensor - Google Patents
Lightning waveform parameter time domain statistical method based on optical integrated electric field sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lightning waveform parameter time domain statistical method based on an optical integrated electric field sensor, and belongs to the technical field of waveform analysis. The method is based on the measurement data of the optical integrated electric field sensor, three-phase independent lightning overvoltage waveforms are separated from original waveforms through methods such as filtering, overvoltage extraction and decoupling, and the measured waveform parameters are subjected to statistical analysis in a time domain according to the definitions of the wave front time, half peak time and overvoltage multiple of the standard lightning impulse voltage waveform in IEC. The method is based on an optical integrated electric field sensor, and has the characteristics of convenience in installation and measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lightning waveform parameter time domain statistical method based on an optical integrated electric field sensor, and belongs to the technical field of waveform analysis.
Background
The high-voltage overhead transmission line is an important component in an electric power system, is widely distributed, is criss-cross and extends for hundreds of kilometers and even thousands of kilometers, and is very easy to be struck by lightning. Statistics shows that the tripping times caused by lightning strike of the high-voltage overhead transmission line in China account for 40% -70% of the total tripping times in operation. In 2012, the power transmission line with 110kV and above voltage class in the south has lightning trip 1894 times, which accounts for 65.4% of the total trip times of the line. In areas with high lightning, mountainous areas and high soil resistivity, the accident rate of power transmission caused by lightning striking the overhead line is higher. When the overhead transmission line is struck by lightning, a line switch may be tripped to cause a power failure accident, electrical equipment can be damaged, even a power system is collapsed and other serious accidents are caused, so that great economic loss is caused, and the running stability, reliability, safety and economy of the power system are seriously influenced.
Lightning flashover of power grids in China in recent years is on the rise, and the reasons are as follows: 1. lightning activity is intensified; 2. the newly increased power grid accelerates, the power transmission line is increased, the tower is heightened, and the tower is easy to be struck by lightning; 3. due to the lack of understanding of the lightning activity and the distribution rule thereof, the lightning protection measures are twice as successful with half effort. Therefore, at present, when the climate change is abnormal and the power grid is rapidly developed, the research on the distribution of the lightning overvoltage waveform parameters in the time domain is a very urgent task.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a time domain statistical method for lightning waveform parameters based on an optical integrated sensor, which separates three-phase independent lightning overvoltage waveforms from original waveforms by methods of filtering, overvoltage extraction, decoupling and the like based on measurement data of the optical integrated electric field sensor, and performs statistical analysis in a time domain on the measured waveform parameters according to the definitions of wave front time, half-peak time and overvoltage multiple of standard waveforms of lightning impulse voltage in IEC.
The invention provides a lightning wave form parameter time domain statistical method based on an optical integrated electric field sensor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively installing three optical integrated electric field sensors under a line to be measured in a transformer substation, enabling the ground clearance heights of the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be the same, enabling the polarity directions of the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be consistent, and respectively enabling the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be light-transmitting so as to monitor the waveform of lightning overvoltage on the line to be measured on line;
(2) when direct lightning strike or inductive lightning strike occurs on a line to be measured, three optical integrated electric field sensors respectively measure electric field waveforms, and the electric field signals are formed by superposing lightning overvoltage electric field waveforms and three-phase power frequency electric field waveforms. And the electric field waveform obtained by measurement is filtered by using a wavelet variation or average filtering method to obtain a filtered electric field waveform, and the measured electric field waveform is multiplied by the conversion factors of the corresponding optical integrated electric field sensors respectively to obtain a measured voltage waveform. The conversion factor of the optical integrated electric field sensor is an actual voltage value corresponding to a measuring electric field of 1V/m;
(3) subtracting the power frequency voltage waveform obtained by measuring the line to be measured in the same phase by the measuring voltage waveform obtained in the step (2) and three optical integrated electric field sensors in the transformer substation when no lightning stroke occurs, and obtaining the mutually coupled three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform of the line to be measured;
(4) decoupling the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveforms mutually coupled, and setting the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveforms mutually coupled as UA、UB、UCThe waveform of the decoupled three-phase lightning overvoltage is Ua、Ub、UcThe following decoupling equation is established:
wherein q isijFor the decoupling factor, i is 1, 2, 3, j is 1, 2, 3, qij∈[0，100]；
(5) According to the definition of wave front time of lightning impulse voltage waveform in the international electrotechnical commission, three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform U after decouplinga、Ub、Uc1.67 times of the time difference between the position of 30% and the position of 90% of the peak value of the wave front is selected as the lightning wave front time;
(6) according to the definition of half-peak time of the lightning surge voltage waveform in the international electrotechnical commission, the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform after being decoupled in the step (4) is Ua、Ub、UcSelecting the time difference from the apparent zero point of the lightning overvoltage waveform to the peak value at the wave tail by 50 percent as the lightning half-peak time;
(7) taking the peak value of power frequency voltage obtained by measuring the line to be measured when no lightning stroke occurs as a basic value, and dividing the three-phase lightning overvoltage peak value decoupled in the step (4) by the basic value to obtain a lightning overvoltage multiple;
(8) when three optical integrated electric field sensors acquire a large amount of lightning data, repeating the steps (2) to (5) to obtain the distribution of the lightning wavefront time; repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (6) to obtain the distribution of the lightning half-peak time; and (5) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (7) to obtain the distribution of the lightning overvoltage multiples.
The time domain statistical method of the lightning wave form parameters based on the optical integrated sensor has the advantages that:
1. the optical integrated electric field sensor used in the method has the characteristics of convenient installation and convenient measurement.
2. The method of the invention clearly expounds the time domain statistical method of the lightning waveform parameters based on the optical integrated electric field sensor, has simple steps and is easy to obtain the accurate distribution condition of the lightning waveform parameters in the time domain.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a lightning wave form parameter time domain statistical method based on an optical integrated electric field sensor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) three optical integrated electric field sensors (in one embodiment of the present invention, three-phase optical integrated electric field sensors used are produced by the university of qinghua, and refer to the chinese patent application with publication number CN 102854403B) are respectively installed under a line to be measured in a substation, so that the ground heights of the three optical integrated electric field sensors are the same, the polarity orientations of the three optical integrated electric field sensors are consistent, and the three optical integrated electric field sensors are respectively illuminated to monitor the waveform of lightning overvoltage on the line to be measured on line;
(2) when direct lightning strike or inductive lightning strike occurs on a line to be measured, three optical integrated electric field sensors respectively measure electric field waveforms, and the electric field signals are formed by superposing lightning overvoltage electric field waveforms and three-phase power frequency electric field waveforms. And the electric field waveform obtained by measurement is filtered by using a wavelet variation or average filtering method to obtain a filtered electric field waveform, and the measured electric field waveform is multiplied by the conversion factors of the corresponding optical integrated electric field sensors respectively to obtain a measured voltage waveform. The conversion factor of the optical integrated electric field sensor is an actual voltage value corresponding to a measuring electric field of 1V/m;
(3) subtracting the power frequency voltage waveform obtained by measuring the line to be measured in the same phase by the measuring voltage waveform obtained in the step (2) and three optical integrated electric field sensors in the transformer substation when no lightning stroke occurs, and obtaining the mutually coupled three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform of the line to be measured;
(4) decoupling the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveforms mutually coupled, and setting the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveforms mutually coupled as UA、UB、UCThe waveform of the decoupled three-phase lightning overvoltage is Ua、Ub、UcThe following decoupling equation is established:
wherein q isijFor the decoupling factor, i is 1, 2, 3, j is 1, 2, 3, qij∈[0，100]；
(5) Decoupling from the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform U according to the definition of the wave front time of the lightning impulse voltage waveform in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)a、Ub、Uc1.67 times of the time difference between the position of 30% and the position of 90% of the peak value of the wave front is selected as the lightning wave front time;
(6) according to the definition of the half-peak time of the lightning impulse voltage waveform in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform after being decoupled from the step (4) is Ua、Ub、UcSelecting the time difference from the apparent zero point of the lightning overvoltage waveform to the peak value at the wave tail by 50 percent as the lightning half-peak time;
(7) taking the peak value of power frequency voltage obtained by measuring the line to be measured when no lightning stroke occurs as a basic value, and dividing the three-phase lightning overvoltage peak value decoupled in the step (4) by the basic value to obtain a lightning overvoltage multiple;
(8) when three optical integrated electric field sensors acquire a large amount of lightning data, repeating the steps (2) to (5) to obtain the distribution of the lightning wavefront time; repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (6) to obtain the distribution of the lightning half-peak time; and (5) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (7) to obtain the distribution of the lightning overvoltage multiples.
Claims (1)
1. A time domain statistical method for lightning wave form parameters based on an optical integrated electric field sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively installing three optical integrated electric field sensors under a line to be measured in a transformer substation, enabling the ground clearance heights of the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be the same, enabling the polarity directions of the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be consistent, and respectively enabling the three optical integrated electric field sensors to be light-transmitting so as to monitor the waveform of lightning overvoltage on the line to be measured on line;
(2) when a direct lightning strike or an inductive lightning strike occurs on a line to be measured, three optical integrated electric field sensors respectively measure to obtain electric field waveforms, the electric field waveforms are formed by overlapping lightning overvoltage electric field waveforms and three-phase power frequency electric field waveforms, the electric field waveforms obtained through measurement are filtered by using a wavelet change or average filtering method to obtain filtered electric field waveforms, and the filtered electric field waveforms are respectively multiplied by conversion factors of the corresponding optical integrated electric field sensors to obtain measurement voltage waveforms, wherein the conversion factors of the optical integrated electric field sensors are actual voltage values corresponding to the fact that the measurement electric field is 1V/m;
(3) subtracting the measured voltage waveform in the step (2) from a power frequency voltage waveform measured by three optical integrated electric field sensors in the transformer substation when no lightning stroke occurs on the line to be measured under the same phase, so as to obtain a mutually coupled three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform of the line to be measured;
(4) decoupling the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveformsThe mutually coupled three-phase lightning overvoltage has a waveform of UA、UB、UCThe waveform of the decoupled three-phase lightning overvoltage is Ua、Ub、UcThe following decoupling equation is established:
wherein q isijFor the decoupling factor, i is 1, 2, 3, j is 1, 2, 3, qij∈[0，100]；
(5) According to the definition of wave front time of lightning impulse voltage waveform in the international electrotechnical commission, three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform U after decouplinga、Ub、Uc1.67 times of the time difference between the position of 30% and the position of 90% of the peak value of the wave front is selected as the lightning wave front time;
(6) according to the definition of half-peak time of the lightning surge voltage waveform in the international electrotechnical commission, the three-phase lightning overvoltage waveform after being decoupled in the step (4) is Ua、Ub、UcSelecting the time difference from the apparent zero point of the lightning overvoltage waveform to the peak value at the wave tail by 50 percent as the lightning half-peak time;
(7) taking the peak value of power frequency voltage obtained by measuring the line to be measured when no lightning stroke occurs as a basic value, and dividing the three-phase lightning overvoltage peak value decoupled in the step (4) by the basic value to obtain a lightning overvoltage multiple;
(8) when three optical integrated electric field sensors acquire a large amount of lightning data, repeating the steps (2) to (5) to obtain the distribution of the lightning wavefront time; repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (6) to obtain the distribution of the lightning half-peak time; and (5) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4) and (7) to obtain the distribution of the lightning overvoltage multiples.
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