CN110361584A - The risk assessment experiment porch and method of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault - Google Patents
The risk assessment experiment porch and method of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the risk assessment experiment porch and method of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault, including power module, line module, step voltage test module, experimental box and data analysis module.Power module is surge voltage source；Experimental box includes the line module that upper end is carried and the step voltage test module that lower end is carried；Surge voltage source is connect by solid conductor with line module, and line module is made of A phase line, B phase line and C phase line；Step voltage test module is connected by earth lead with broken string simulator, and is made of simulation ground and voltage measurement robot, and earth lead and simulation ground are in close contact.The present invention can be directed to the progress failure inverting of the case where transmission line of lightning strike single-phase earthing, and the assessment of danger classes is carried out to the step voltage of fault point peripheral region, to formulate associated safety warning and insulating protection measure opinion, provide solid foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the risk assessment of electric system ground connection field, especially transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault is real
Test platform and method.
Background technique
Transmission line of lightning strike failure is to influence problem main in safe operation of power system, transmission and distribution network caused by being struck by lightning
Trip accident frequently occurs, and when usual thunder and lightning transmission line of electricity causes the complex grounding fault with interruption, thunder and lightning flows through broken string and scatters to ground, this
Class amplitude will cause greatly to threaten safely to breaking with high-frequency fault current into place surrounding biologic, and biology is close to electricity
Potential difference can be generated between bipod when gesture region cause step voltage electric shock accidents.Step voltage causes biggish danger to human body
Evil, gently then burned skin, organ etc., leave scar, excessive electric current will cause life danger when situation is serious.Due to matching cable
The problem of road length increases substantially, and distribution scale is increasing, passes through Dense crowd is inevitable, and lightning stroke distribution broken string connects
The hidden danger on ground will be protruded all the more.Presently, solving power distribution network the complex grounding fault with interruption is still a world-class problem.
It is directed to the correlative study of step voltage both at home and abroad at present, is concentrated mainly on power plant, grounding net of transformer substation strides
Voltage emulation and earth resistance and distribution network system operation risk assessment and grid structure risk assessment etc., and lack defeated
The ground connection step voltage test of electric line broken string and risk assessment technology.And when transmission line of electricity is by direct stroke, step voltage
Assessment method will become more complicated, and in order to accurately test and assess to lower step voltage of being struck by lightning, there is an urgent need to establish a kind of intelligence
Can Evaluation Platform, can consider that transmission line of lightning strike generates overvoltage through wandering influence of breaking, assessment surrounding soil region across
Voltage risk is walked, and carries out security evaluation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the risk assessment experiment porch and method of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault.
Realize that the technical solution of the object of the invention is as follows:
The risk assessment experiment porch of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault, including power module (31), line module
(32), step voltage test module (33), experimental box (19) and data analysis module (20)；
The power module (31) is surge voltage source (2)；
The experimental box (19) includes the line module (32) that upper end is carried and the step voltage test module that lower end is carried
(33)；
The line module (32) includes A phase line (5), B phase line (6), C phase line (7) and threephase load (16)；Three
Phase load (16) is RLC load；The outlet in surge voltage source (2) is connected to A phase line (5), B phase line (6) and C phase line
(7) input terminal；A phase line (5) includes sequentially connected line resistance one (8), line resistance four (12) and load transformer
(15) A phase-change pressure unit, A phase-change pressure unit output end are connected to threephase load (16)；B phase line (6) includes being sequentially connected
Line resistance two (9), line resistance five (13) and load transformer (15) B phase-change pressure unit, the output of B phase-change pressure unit
End is also connected to threephase load (16)；C phase line (7) includes line resistance three (10), line resistance six (14) and load transformation
The C phase-change pressure unit of device (15), the input terminal of line resistance three (10) are the input terminal of C phase line (7), line resistance three (10)
Output end be connected to broken string simulator (11) input lead (101), broken string simulator (11) output lead (102) connection
To the input terminal of line resistance six (14), the output end of line resistance six (14) is connected to the input terminal of C phase-change pressure unit, C phase
The output end of voltage transformation unit is also connected to threephase load (16)；
The broken string simulator (11) includes current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105), current sensor
Three (106), high-voltage switch gear two (108), high-voltage switch gear three (109), current collecting device (113), are opened high-voltage switch gear one (107)
Pass acts judgment means (114), central processing unit (115) and wireless transmitter (116)；The input of broken string simulator (11)
Conducting wire (101), output lead (102) and earth lead (103) are connected respectively to high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two
(108) and the input terminal of high-voltage switch gear three (109), high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three
(109) output end is connected with each other；Current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105) and current sensor three (106)
It is set in input lead (101), output lead (102) and the earth lead (103) of broken string simulator (11), output end
It is all connected to current collecting device (113)；High-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three (109) are also
It is respectively provided with and controls its relay one (110), relay two (111) and relay three (112) for closing the switch or disconnecting, relay
Device one (110), relay two (111) and relay three (112) are all connected to movement judgment means (114)；Current collecting device
(113) it is connected to central processing unit (115) with switch motion judgment means (114), central processing unit (115) passes through wireless receiving and dispatching
Device (116) is connected to data analysis module (20)；
The step voltage test module (33) includes simulation ground (17) and voltage measurement robot (18)；Simulate ground
(17) it is filled by the soil being evenly arranged, is in close contact with the earth lead (103) of broken string simulator (11)；Voltage measurement machine
People (18) is located in simulation ground (17), and is wirelessly connected to data analysis module (20).
The experimental method of above-mentioned experiment porch, comprising the following steps:
The first step, setting fault current duration acquire broken string earth current by current sensor three (106), lead to
Data analysis module (20) control voltage measurement robot (18) measurement difference step voltage is crossed, and records each voltage tester
Point and Current injection points distance；
Second step calculates each test point step voltage theoretical value U by following formulati:
ωk=2 π kf, k=0,1,2,3 ..., 271 (1)
In formula (1), ωkIndicate that k-th of angular frequency, f are fundamental frequency；In formula (2), φkFor k-th of phase, α is wavefront
Attenuation coefficient, β are wave rear attenuation coefficient；In formula (3), UtiIndicate that the calculated value of i-th of step voltage test point, n are electricity
Test point total number is pressed, B is wave shape correcting coefficient, and I is to enter ground amplitude of lightning current, R measured by realitybFor human body resistance, ρ is
Soil resistivity in experimental box, riFor the distance of i-th of voltage test points to Current injection points, S is steplength, R0=ρ/
(4b) is contact resistance, and b is equivalent ground connection radius, and η is integration variable, and g is the Gaussian error coefficient of meter and contact resistance；
Third step models step voltage formula using particle swarm optimization algorithm, calculates step voltage actual measurement of sening as an envoy to
Value and the smallest g value of theoretical value error, steps are as follows:
(1) the initial totality with equally distributed particle and speed is generated, stop condition is set；
(2) group's optimal location is calculated according to formula (4):
In formula, UfiFor the step voltage measured value of i-th of test point, f is root-mean-square error function；
(3) speed and the position of each particle are updated；
(4) calculate the error function value of each particle position, at the same update the individual history optimal location of each particle with
The optimal location of entire group；
(4) it if meeting stop condition, stops search, exports search result；Otherwise (3) step is returned；
(5) optimal value g is obtained according to optimization0It substitutes into formula (3), the theoretical formula after optimization are as follows:
In formula (5), r enters distance location, U to earth lead (103) for soil region any positiontFor soil area after optimization
The step voltage theoretical value of domain any position；
4th step calculates the maximum stride voltage limits that human body is born, and divides danger zone:
In formula, tsFor fault current duration, data analysis module (20) calculates human body according to (6) formula and can bear most
Big step voltage limit value U carries out risk zontation according to rule: working as UtWhen < U, for safety；Work as UtWhen >=U, for danger.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) the invasion operating condition of overvoltage caused by transmission line of lightning strike can effectively be simulated；
2) it can effectively measure transmission line of lightning strike single-phase earthing to scatter to the step voltage of surrounding soil, pass through measurement and reason
By the method combined, accurate evaluation has been carried out to danger zone around；
3) main operation is completed by host computer and controlled, easy to operate intelligence, securely and reliably, the survey to step voltage
Examination has universality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of broken string simulator of the invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing.The following steps are included:
The first step, the risk assessment experiment porch for building transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault:
As shown in Figure 1, experiment porch of the present invention is mainly tested by power module (31), line module (32), step voltage
Module (33), experimental box (19), data analysis module (20) composition；
Power module (31) is surge voltage source (2)；Surge voltage source (2) issues the lightning current shock wave of 8/20 μ s.
Experimental box (19) upper end is equipped with line module (32), and lower end is equipped with step voltage test module (33), experiment
Case (19) lower end surface opening, lap are built by transparent acrylic insulation board, and right side is provided with door；
Surge voltage source (2) is connect by solid conductor with line module (32), line module (32) by A phase line (5),
B phase line (6) and C phase line (7) composition；Three-phase line passes through line resistance one (8), line resistance two (9), line resistance three
(10), line resistance four (12), line resistance five (13), line resistance six (14) break simulator (11), load transformer
(15) it is connected with threephase load (16)；Line resistance one (8) and line resistance four (12), line resistance two (9) and line resistance
Five (13) and line resistance three (10) and line resistance six (14) are simulation break point two sides conducting wire equivalent resistance, three-phase conducting wire
It powers after load transformer (15) decompression for threephase load (16)；The threephase load (16) is RLC load；
As shown in Fig. 2, broken string simulator (11) includes current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105), electric current
Sensor three (106), high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108), high-voltage switch gear three (109), current collecting device
(113), switch motion judgment means (114), central processing unit (115) and wireless transmitter (116)；Break simulator
(11) input lead (101), output lead (102) and earth lead (103) is connected respectively to high-voltage switch gear one (107), height
Compress switch the input terminal of two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three (109), high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high pressure
The output end of switch three (109) is connected with each other；Current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105) and current sensor three
(106) it is set in input lead (101), output lead (102) and the earth lead (103) of broken string simulator (11),
Output end is all connected to current collecting device (113)；High-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three
(109) it is also respectively provided with and controls its relay one (110), relay two (111) and relay three for closing the switch or disconnecting
(112), relay one (110), relay two (111) and relay three (112) are all connected to movement judgment means (114)；Electricity
Stream acquisition device (113) and switch motion judgment means (114) are connected to central processing unit (115), and central processing unit (115) is logical
It crosses wireless transmitter (116) and is connected to data analysis module (20)；
As shown in Figure 1, step voltage test module (33) is connected by earth lead (103) with broken string simulator (11),
And be made of simulation ground (17) and voltage measurement robot (18), earth lead (103) and simulation ground (17) are in close contact；
Simulation ground (17) is filled by the soil being evenly arranged, and voltage measurement robot (18) is the moveable real human body of remote control
Scale model, inside is equipped with substitutional resistance for simulating human body resistance, while being also equipped with range sensor, because of correlation machine people's skill
Art is very mature, and more specifically internal structure repeats no more；Voltage measurement robot (18) is in simulation ground (17) range
It is mobile, and the range data of the step voltage measured and test point and earth lead (103) is wirelessly transmitted to data analysis
Module (20).
Second step, simulation transmission line of lightning strike single-phase wire break ground fault simultaneously carry out voltage tester:
Data analysis module (20) controls high-voltage switch gear one (107) and high-voltage switch gear two (108) conducting, high-voltage switch gear three
(109) it disconnects, then opens surge voltage source (2), issue source side broken string ground signalling using data analysis module (20), lead to
It crosses wireless transmitter (116) to transfer signals to central processing unit (115), switch motion control device (114) controls relay
Device two (111) acts so that high-voltage switch gear two (108) disconnects, and controls relay three (112) and lead high-voltage switch gear three (109)
It is logical, and set fault current duration ts, unit s；Then pass through current sensor three (106) acquisition broken string earth current
I (t), unit A measure difference step voltage U by data analysis module (20) control voltage measurement robot (18)fi,
Unit is V, and records each voltage test points and Current injection points distance ri, unit m, by all test point step voltages with
Range data is wirelessly transmitted to data analysis module (20)；
Third step calculates each test point step voltage theoretical value U by following formulasti:
ωk=2 π kf, k=0,1,2,3 ..., 271 (7)
In formula (7), ωkIndicate that k-th of angular frequency, f are fundamental frequency, value 3333Hz；In formula (8), φkIt is k-th
Phase, α are wavefront attenuation coefficient, and β is wave rear attenuation coefficient；In formula (9), UtiIndicate the theory of i-th of step voltage test point
Calculated value, unit V, n are voltage test points total number, and B=2.33 is wave shape correcting coefficient, and I is to enter ground measured by reality
Amplitude of lightning current, unit A, Rb=1000 (Ω) are human body resistance, and ρ is soil resistivity in experimental box, and unit is Ω .m, S
=0.8 (m) is steplength, R0=ρ/(4b) is contact resistance, and unit Ω, b=0.08 (m) are equivalent ground connection radius, and η is
Integration variable, g are the Gaussian error coefficient of meter and contact resistance.
Step 4: modeling using particle swarm optimization algorithm to step voltage formula, step voltage actual measurement of sening as an envoy to is calculated
Value and the smallest g value of theoretical value error, steps are as follows:
(1) the initial totality with equally distributed particle and speed is generated, stop condition is set；
(2) group's optimal location is calculated according to formula (10):
In formula, UfiFor the step voltage measured value of i-th of test point, f is root-mean-square error function；
(3) speed and the position of each particle are updated；
(4) calculate the target function value of each particle position, at the same update the individual history optimal location of each particle with
The optimal location of entire group；
(5) it if meeting stop condition, stops search, exports search result；Otherwise (3) step is returned；
(6) optimal value g is obtained according to optimization0It substitutes into formula (9), the theoretical formula after optimization are as follows:
In formula (11), r enters distance location, unit m to earth lead (103) for soil region any position；UtIt is excellent
The step voltage theoretical value of soil region any position, unit V after change；
5th step, according to fault current duration tsThe maximum stride voltage limits U that human body can be born is calculated, and is divided
Danger zone:
Data analysis module (20) calculates the maximum stride voltage limits U that human body can be born according to (12) formula, according to rule
It carries out risk zontation: working as UtWhen < U, for safety；Work as UtWhen >=U, for danger.
Claims (2)
1. the risk assessment experiment porch of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault, which is characterized in that including power module (31),
Line module (32), step voltage test module (33), experimental box (19) and data analysis module (20)；
The power module (31) is surge voltage source (2)；
The experimental box (19) includes the line module (32) that upper end is carried and the step voltage test module (33) that lower end is carried；
The line module (32) includes A phase line (5), B phase line (6), C phase line (7) and threephase load (16)；Three-phase is negative
(16) are carried as RLC load；The outlet in surge voltage source (2) is connected to A phase line (5), B phase line (6) and C phase line (7)
Input terminal；A phase line (5) includes sequentially connected line resistance one (8), line resistance four (12) and load transformer (15)
A phase-change pressure unit, A phase-change pressure unit output end are connected to threephase load (16)；B phase line (6) includes sequentially connected route
The B phase-change pressure unit of resistance two (9), line resistance five (13) and load transformer (15), the output end of B phase-change pressure unit also connect
It is connected to threephase load (16)；C phase line (7) includes line resistance three (10), line resistance six (14) and load transformer (15)
C phase-change pressure unit, the input terminal of line resistance three (10) is the input terminal of C phase line (7), the output of line resistance three (10)
End is connected to the input lead (101) of broken string simulator (11), and the output lead (102) of broken string simulator (11) is connected to route
The input terminal of resistance six (14), the output end of line resistance six (14) are connected to the input terminal of C phase-change pressure unit, C phase-change pressure list
The output end of member is also connected to threephase load (16)；
The broken string simulator (11) includes current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105), current sensor three
(106), high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108), high-voltage switch gear three (109), current collecting device (113), switch
Act judgment means (114), central processing unit (115) and wireless transmitter (116)；The input of broken string simulator (11) is led
Line (101), output lead (102) and earth lead (103) are connected respectively to high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108)
With the input terminal of high-voltage switch gear three (109), high-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three (109)
Output end is connected with each other；Current sensor one (104), current sensor two (105) and current sensor three (106) are set with
In input lead (101), output lead (102) and the earth lead (103) of broken string simulator (11), output end is all connected to
Current collecting device (113)；High-voltage switch gear one (107), high-voltage switch gear two (108) and high-voltage switch gear three (109) are also respectively provided with
Control its relay one (110), relay two (111) and relay three (112) for closing the switch or disconnecting, relay one
(110), relay two (111) and relay three (112) are all connected to movement judgment means (114)；Current collecting device (113)
It is connected to central processing unit (115) with switch motion judgment means (114), central processing unit (115) passes through wireless transmitter
(116) data analysis module (20) are connected to；
The step voltage test module (33) includes simulation ground (17) and voltage measurement robot (18)；It simulates ground (17)
By the soil filling being evenly arranged, it is in close contact with the earth lead (103) of broken string simulator (11)；Voltage measurement robot
(18) it is located in simulation ground (17), and is wirelessly connected to data analysis module (20).
2. the experimental method of the risk assessment experiment porch of transmission line of lightning strike singlephase earth fault as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
The first step, setting fault current duration acquire broken string earth current by current sensor three (106), pass through number
According to analysis module (20) control voltage measurement robot (18) measure difference step voltage, and record each voltage test points with
Current injection points distance；
Second step calculates each test point step voltage theoretical value U by following formulati:
ωk=2 π kf, k=0,1,2,3 ..., 271 (1)
In formula (1), ωkIndicate that k-th of angular frequency, f are fundamental frequency；In formula (2), φkFor k-th of phase, α is wavefront decaying
Coefficient, β are wave rear attenuation coefficient；In formula (3), UtiIndicate that the calculated value of i-th of step voltage test point, n are voltage survey
Pilot total number, B are wave shape correcting coefficient, and I is to enter ground amplitude of lightning current, R measured by realitybFor human body resistance, ρ is experiment
Soil resistivity in case, riFor the distance of i-th of voltage test points to Current injection points, S is steplength, R0=ρ/(4b) be
Contact resistance, b are equivalent ground connection radius, and η is integration variable, and g is the Gaussian error coefficient of meter and contact resistance；
Third step models step voltage formula using particle swarm optimization algorithm, calculating send as an envoy to step voltage measured value with
The smallest g value of theoretical value error, steps are as follows:
(1) the initial totality with equally distributed particle and speed is generated, stop condition is set；
(2) group's optimal location is calculated according to formula (4):
In formula, UfiFor the step voltage measured value of i-th of test point, f is root-mean-square error function；
(3) speed and the position of each particle are updated；
(4) error function value of each particle position is calculated, while updating the individual history optimal location of each particle and entire
The optimal location of group；
(5) it if meeting stop condition, stops search, exports search result；Otherwise (3) step is returned；
(6) optimal value g is obtained according to optimization0It substitutes into formula (3), the theoretical formula after optimization are as follows:
In formula (5), r enters distance location, U to earth lead (103) for soil region any positiontAppoint for soil region after optimization
The step voltage theoretical value of meaning position；
4th step calculates the maximum stride voltage limits that human body is born, and divides danger zone:
In formula, tsFor fault current duration, data analysis module (20) according to (6) formula calculate that human body can bear it is maximum across
Voltage limits U is walked, risk zontation is carried out according to rule: working as UtWhen < U, for safety；Work as UtWhen >=U, for danger.
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| CN110865271B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning trip-out rate test method considering line soil resistivity differentiation |
| CN110865268B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method for testing lightning trip-out rate of transmission tower in low-soil resistivity region |
| CN110865267A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Evaluation method for shielding failure trip-out rate of 110kV power transmission line |
| CN110865269A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Power transmission line shielding failure trip rate evaluation method based on particle swarm optimization |
| CN110865270A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-06 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 220kV power transmission line counterattack trip-out rate test method under lightning stroke |
| CN110865267B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Evaluation method for shielding failure trip-out rate of 110kV power transmission line |
| CN110865266B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning-resistant horizontal test method for power transmission line of cross-shaped grounding device |
| CN110865270B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 220kV power transmission line counterattack trip-out rate test method under lightning stroke |
| CN110907773B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-07-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Lightning-resistant level evaluation method for lightning-strike power transmission line in high-soil-resistivity area |
| CN111458597A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-07-28 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Fault positioning method based on lightning overvoltage phase transmission characteristic |
| CN111458597B (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2022-06-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Fault positioning method based on lightning overvoltage phase transmission characteristic |
| CN111983359A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | Method for monitoring and evaluating state of transmission tower under lightning stroke |
| CN111983359B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-07-02 | 西南交通大学 | Method for monitoring and evaluating state of transmission tower under lightning stroke |
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