CN110907773A - Lightning-resistant level evaluation method for lightning-strike power transmission line in high-soil-resistivity area - Google Patents
Lightning-resistant level evaluation method for lightning-strike power transmission line in high-soil-resistivity area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a lightning resistance level evaluation method for a lightning transmission line in a high-soil-resistivity area, which is characterized in that a test platform is built, the platform comprises an impulse voltage generator, a data measurement and analysis control module, a wireless current sensor, a coaxial cable, a first base tower, a second base tower, a third base tower, a first lightning conductor, a second lightning conductor, an A-phase line, a B-phase line and a C-phase line, the working condition of lightning striking the top of the transmission tower is simulated, the lightning resistance level of the line is measured, the soil resistivity is changed, the lightning resistance level of the line in the high-soil-resistivity area is obtained, and finally, the actual measurement value is combined with a particle swarm optimization to optimize a lightning resistance level theoretical formula. The lightning-resistant level evaluation method for the lightning transmission line in the high-soil-resistivity area has the beneficial effects that the lightning-resistant level evaluation method for the lightning transmission line in the high-soil-resistivity area is provided, and a test platform is built, so that a solid foundation is provided for the lightning protection design of the power transmission line, and an important guarantee is provided for the safe operation of the power grid line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection of power transmission lines, in particular to a lightning-resistant level evaluation method for lightning transmission lines in areas with high soil resistivity.
Background
With the rapid development of power grid construction, the scale is gradually enlarged, but a safe, reliable and stably-operated power system is a target pursued by power grid researchers. And the ground resistance of a tower is difficult to lower in the transmission line in a high soil resistivity area, so that the insulator of the transmission line is subjected to flashover, the lightning resistance level is low, the lightning trip-out rate is high, and the safety and the stability of a power supply system are seriously endangered. Therefore, it is very important to develop a set of system and method for evaluating lightning resistance level of lightning strike transmission lines in areas with high soil resistivity.
The existing research aiming at lightning protection of the power transmission line system mainly depends on simulation, but lacks a simulation test system for lightning resistance of the power transmission line system, and even does not aim at high soil resistivity areas and high lightning trip-out rate, so that a lightning resistance level evaluation method for lightning transmission lines in high soil resistivity areas is provided, a test platform is built, a solid foundation is provided for improving the lightning resistance of the power transmission lines and lightning protection design of lines, and an important guarantee is provided for improving the safe operation stability of power distribution network lines in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a lightning-resistant level evaluation method for a lightning-resistant transmission line in a high-soil-resistivity area, which comprises a relatively accurate lightning-resistant level test platform for the lightning-resistant transmission line in the high-soil-resistivity area.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a lightning-resistant horizontal evaluation method for a lightning transmission line in a high-soil resistivity region is characterized by firstly establishing a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises an impulse voltage generator, a data measurement analysis control module, a wireless current sensor, a coaxial cable, a first base tower, a second base tower, a third base tower, a first lightning conductor, a second lightning conductor, an A-phase line, a B-phase line and a C-phase line;
the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the tower top of the first base tower through a coaxial cable, and the wireless current sensor is sleeved on the coaxial cable;
the first lightning conductor and the second lightning conductor are respectively connected with the first base tower, the second base tower and the third base tower in series.
Further, the first base tower comprises a first tower main body, a first A-phase insulator string, a first B-phase insulator string, a first C-phase insulator string, a first grounding down lead, a first grounding device and a sand pool; two ends of the A-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the first tower main body and the A-phase line, two ends of the B-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the first tower main body and the B-phase line, and two ends of the C-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the first tower main body and the C-phase line; the bottom of the tower main body is connected to the first grounding device through the first grounding downlead, the first grounding device is buried in the sand pool, and soil with high soil resistivity is filled in the sand pool.
Further, the second base tower comprises a second tower main body, a second A-phase insulator string, a second B-phase insulator string, a second C-phase insulator string, a second grounding down lead and a second grounding device; two ends of the A-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the second tower main body and the A-phase line, two ends of the B-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the second tower main body and the B-phase line, and two ends of the C-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the second tower main body and the C-phase line; the bottom of the second tower main body is connected to a second grounding device through a second grounding down lead.
Further, the third base tower comprises a third tower main body, a third A-phase insulator string, a third B-phase insulator string, a third C-phase insulator string, a third grounding down lead and a third grounding device; the two ends of the A-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the third tower main body and the line A, the two ends of the B-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the third tower main body and the line B, and the two ends of the C-phase insulator string are respectively connected with the third tower main body and the line C; and the bottom of the tower main body III is connected to a grounding device III through a grounding down lead III.
Furthermore, the data measurement analysis control module comprises a first high-voltage differential probe, a second high-voltage differential probe, a third high-voltage differential probe, a data acquisition unit, a wireless receiving module, an upper computer and a signal controller; the high-voltage differential probe I, the high-voltage differential probe II and the high-voltage differential probe III are respectively connected to two ends of the A-phase insulator string I, the B-phase insulator string I and the C-phase insulator string I and are connected to an upper computer through a data acquisition unit; the wireless receiving module transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor to an upper computer; the upper computer changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator through the control signal controller.
A lightning resistance level evaluation method for lightning strike transmission lines in areas with high soil resistivity is based on an established test platform, and the test steps comprise:
s1: simulating lightning stroke on the tower top of the transmission line tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: for the high soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the soil in the sand pool, starting from 550 Ω · m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 Ω · m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the lightning resistance level theoretical value I under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding device, h is the buried depth of the grounding device, d is the diameter of the conductor of the grounding device, B is the form factor, L is the geometric dimension, and L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding devicegtIs the equivalent inductance of the tower, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The flashover voltage of an insulator string is represented by α, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, m is an error coefficient, and η is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: for the high soil resistivity region, the optimal value m is obtained according to the optimization of the step S40Substituting the following formula (2) into the optimized theoretical formula:
in the formula (5), IyCalculating a theoretical value for the optimized lightning resistance level;
s6: in the area with higher soil resistivity, changing the soil resistivity of the soil in the sand pond, starting from 1050 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; repeating the step S4, and optimizing to obtain an optimal value m1And further obtaining a calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line aiming at the area with higher soil rate:
s7: in the ultrahigh soil resistivity area, starting from 2050 omega · m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega · m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity, and totally measuring 20 groups; repeating the step S4, and optimizing to obtain an optimal value m2And further obtaining a calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line for the ultrahigh soil rate area:
further, the specific process of step S1 is:
1) the lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the first base tower after the impulse voltage generator is turned on, the lightning current sensor records the lightning current injected into the tower top of the first base tower, and the lightning current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module and further transmitted to the upper computer; meanwhile, the first high-voltage differential probe, the second high-voltage differential probe and the third high-voltage differential probe respectively measure overvoltage at two ends of the first A-phase insulator string, the first B-phase insulator string and the first C-phase insulator string, and the overvoltage is transmitted to an upper computer through a data acquisition unit;
2) if the insulator string has flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator is reduced by delta U through the signal controller, the impulse voltage generator is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string just does not have flashover, and the lightning current amplitude I measured in the previous time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if insulator strings are not in flashover, increasing the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator by delta U through the signal controller, opening the impulse voltage generator again, repeating the method until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and measuring the lightning current amplitude I measured at this timecAs lightning resistance level;
further, the specific process of step S4 is:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (4):
wherein g (m) represents an objective function, IiTheoretical calculation of lightning resistance level for the ith soil resistivityValue, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the number of the data sets of the measured value of the lightning resistance level of the corresponding soil resistivity area is n;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured lightning-resistant level and the theoretical value.
Wherein the high soil resistivity region is: 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m; the higher soil resistivity areas are: 1000 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 2000 Ω · m; the ultrahigh soil resistivity region is: 2000 Ω · m < ρ, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a lightning-resistant horizontal evaluation method for a lightning-struck power transmission line aiming at a high-resistivity area, wherein a test platform is built, and the test of simulating the lightning-struck power transmission tower top is carried out on the basis of the test platform; theoretically optimizing by combining the particle swarm algorithm with the test result of the lightning resistance level evaluation system of the lightning transmission line to obtain a theoretical calculation formula suitable for the lightning resistance level of the transmission line in a high soil resistivity area; the method provides a solid foundation for improving the lightning resistance of the power transmission line and the lightning protection design of the line, and provides an important guarantee for improving the safe operation of the power distribution network line in future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
A lightning resistance horizontal evaluation method for a lightning transmission line in a high soil resistivity region is characterized by firstly building a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises an impulse voltage generator 11, a data measurement analysis control module 17, a wireless current sensor 7, a coaxial cable 24, a first base tower 21, a second base tower 22, a third base tower 23, a first lightning conductor 81, a second lightning conductor 82, an A-phase line 91, a B-phase line 92 and a C-phase line 93 as shown in figure 1;
the output end of the impulse voltage generator 11 is connected to the tower top of the first base tower 21 through a coaxial cable 24, and the wireless current sensor 7 is sleeved on the coaxial cable 24;
the first and second lightning conductors 81 and 82 respectively connect the first, second and third base towers 21, 22 and 23 in series.
The first base tower 21 comprises a tower main body I101, an A-phase insulator string I131, a B-phase insulator string I132, a C-phase insulator string I133, a grounding down lead I161, a grounding device I61 and a sand pool 5; two ends of the first A-phase insulator string 131 are respectively connected with the first tower main body 101 and the first A-phase line 91, two ends of the first B-phase insulator string 132 are respectively connected with the first tower main body 101 and the first B-phase line 92, and two ends of the first C-phase insulator string 133 are respectively connected with the first tower main body 101 and the first C-phase line 93; the bottom of the tower body I101 is connected to a grounding device I61 through a grounding down lead I161, the grounding device I61 is buried in the sand pool 5, and the sand pool 5 is filled with soil 18 with high soil resistivity.
The second base tower 22 comprises a second tower main body 102, a second A-phase insulator string 141, a second B-phase insulator string 142, a second C-phase insulator string 143, a second grounding down lead 162 and a second grounding device 62; two ends of the A-phase insulator string II 141 are respectively connected with the tower main body II 102 and the A-phase line 91, two ends of the B-phase insulator string II 142 are respectively connected with the tower main body II 102 and the B-phase line 92, and two ends of the C-phase insulator string II 143 are respectively connected with the tower main body II 102 and the C-phase line 93; the bottom of the second tower main body 102 is connected to the second grounding device 62 through the second grounding down conductor 162.
The third base tower 23 comprises a tower main body three 103, an A-phase insulator string three 151, a B-phase insulator string three 152, a C-phase insulator string three 153, a grounding down lead three 163 and a grounding device three 63; two ends of the A-phase insulator string III 151 are respectively connected with the tower main body III 103 and the A-phase line 91, two ends of the B-phase insulator string III 152 are respectively connected with the tower main body III 103 and the B-phase line 92, and two ends of the C-phase insulator string III 153 are respectively connected with the tower main body III 103 and the C-phase line 93; the bottom of the tower body III 103 is connected to the grounding device III 63 through a grounding down conductor III 163.
The data measurement analysis control module 17 comprises a first high-voltage differential probe 41, a second high-voltage differential probe 42, a third high-voltage differential probe 43, a data acquisition unit 3, a wireless receiving module 2, an upper computer 1 and a signal controller 12; the high-voltage differential probe I41, the high-voltage differential probe II 42 and the high-voltage differential probe III 43 are respectively connected to two ends of the A-phase insulator string I131, the B-phase insulator string I132 and the C-phase insulator string I133 and are connected to the upper computer 1 through the data acquisition unit 3; the wireless receiving module 2 transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor 7 to the upper computer 1; the upper computer 1 changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator 11 through the control signal controller 12.
Example 2
A lightning-resistant level evaluation method for a lightning transmission line in a high-soil-resistivity region is based on a built test platform, and the test steps comprise:
s1: simulating lightning stroke on the tower top of the transmission line tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: for the high soil resistivity region, 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m, where ρ is soil resistivity, the soil resistivity of the soil 18 in the sand pool 5 is changed, one soil resistivity is taken every 50 Ω · m from 550 Ω · m, and the step S1 is repeated to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the lightning resistance level theoretical value I under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding device, h is the buried depth of the grounding device, d is the diameter of the conductor of the grounding device, B is the form factor, L is the geometric dimension, and L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding devicegtIs the equivalent inductance of the tower, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The flashover voltage of an insulator string is represented by α, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, m is an error coefficient, and η is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: for the high soil resistivity region, the optimal value m is obtained according to the optimization of the step S40Substituting the following formula (2) into the optimized theoretical formula:
in the formula (7), IyCalculating a theoretical value for the optimized lightning resistance level;
s6: in the area with higher soil resistivity, 1000 omega.m<ρ<Changing the soil resistivity of the soil 18 in the sand pool 5 to 2000 Ω · m, where ρ is the soil resistivity, taking one soil resistivity every 50 Ω · m from 1050 Ω · m, and repeating step S1 to obtain the lightning endurance level at the soil resistivity; repeating the step S4, and optimizing to obtain an optimal value m1And further obtaining a calculation formula after the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line is optimized for the area with higher soil rate:
s7: 2000 Ω · m in the ultra-high soil resistivity region<Rho, wherein rho is the soil resistivity, the soil resistivity of the soil 18 in the sand pool 5 is changed, one soil resistivity is taken at intervals of 50 omega m from 2050 omega m, the step S1 is repeated, the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity is measured, and 20 groups are measured in total; repeating the step S4 to obtain the best resultMerit value m2And further obtaining a calculation formula after the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line is optimized for the ultrahigh soil rate area:
the specific process of step S1 is:
1) the impulse voltage generator 11 is turned on, lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the first base tower 21, the lightning current sensor 7 records the lightning current injected into the tower top of the first base tower 21, and the lightning current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module 2 and further transmitted to the upper computer 1; meanwhile, the first high-voltage differential probe 41, the second high-voltage differential probe 42 and the third high-voltage differential probe 43 respectively measure overvoltage at two ends of the first A-phase insulator string 131, the first B-phase insulator string 132 and the first C-phase insulator string 133, the overvoltage is transmitted to the upper computer 1 through the data acquisition unit 3, the upper computer 1 controls the signal controller 12 to close the impulse voltage generator 11, and whether flashover occurs in the first A-phase insulator string 131, the first B-phase insulator string 132 and the first C-phase insulator string 133 is judged;
2) if an insulator string is in flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 is reduced by delta U through the signal controller 12, the impulse voltage generator 11 is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string is just not in flashover, and the lightning current amplitude I measured at the previous time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if insulator strings are not in flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator 11 is increased by delta U through the signal controller 12, the impulse voltage generator 11 is turned on again, the method is repeated until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and the lightning current amplitude I measured at this time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level;
the specific process of step S4 is:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (9):
wherein g (m) represents an objective function, IiIs a theoretical calculation value of lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the number of the data sets of the measured value of the lightning resistance level of the corresponding soil resistivity area is n;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured lightning-resistant level and the theoretical value.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A lightning resistance horizontal evaluation method for a lightning transmission line in a high soil resistivity region is characterized by firstly establishing a test platform, wherein the test platform comprises an impulse voltage generator (11), a data measurement analysis control module (17), a wireless current sensor (7), a coaxial cable (24), a first base tower (21), a second base tower (22), a third base tower (23), a first lightning conductor (81), a second lightning conductor (82), an A-phase line (91), a B-phase line (92) and a C-phase line (93);
the output end of the impulse voltage generator (11) is connected to the tower top of the first base tower (21) through a coaxial cable (24), and the wireless current sensor (7) is sleeved on the coaxial cable (24);
the first lightning conductor (81) and the second lightning conductor (82) are respectively connected in series with the first base tower (21), the second base tower (22) and the third base tower (23);
the first base tower (21) in the test platform comprises a tower main body I (101), an A-phase insulator string I (131), a B-phase insulator string I (132), a C-phase insulator string I (133), a grounding down lead I (161), a grounding device I (61) and a sand pool (5); two ends of a first A-phase insulator string (131) are respectively connected with a first tower main body (101) and an A-phase line (91), two ends of a first B-phase insulator string (132) are respectively connected with the first tower main body (101) and the B-phase line (92), and two ends of a first C-phase insulator string (133) are respectively connected with the first tower main body (101) and the C-phase line (93); the bottom of the tower main body I (101) is connected to a grounding device I (61) through a grounding down lead I (161), the grounding device I (61) is buried in a sand pool (5), and soil (18) is filled in the sand pool (5);
the second base tower (22) in the test platform comprises a tower main body II (102), an A-phase insulator string II (141), a B-phase insulator string II (142), a C-phase insulator string II (143), a grounding down lead II (162) and a grounding device II (62); two ends of the A-phase insulator string II (141) are respectively connected with the tower main body II (102) and the A-phase line (91), two ends of the B-phase insulator string II (142) are respectively connected with the tower main body II (102) and the B-phase line (92), and two ends of the C-phase insulator string II (143) are respectively connected with the tower main body II (102) and the C-phase line (93); the bottom of the second tower main body (102) is connected to a second grounding device (62) through a second grounding down lead (162);
the third base tower (23) in the test platform comprises a tower main body III (103), an A-phase insulator string III (151), a B-phase insulator string III (152), a C-phase insulator string III (153), a grounding down conductor III (163) and a grounding device III (63); two ends of a third A-phase insulator string (151) are respectively connected with a third tower main body (103) and an A-phase line (91), two ends of a third B-phase insulator string (152) are respectively connected with the third tower main body (103) and a B-phase line (92), and two ends of a third C-phase insulator string (153) are respectively connected with the third tower main body (103) and the C-phase line (93); the bottom of the tower main body III (103) is connected to a grounding device III (63) through a grounding down lead III (163);
the data measurement analysis control module (17) in the test platform comprises a high-voltage differential probe I (41), a high-voltage differential probe II (42), a high-voltage differential probe III (43), a data acquisition unit (3), a wireless receiving module (2), an upper computer (1) and a signal controller (12); the high-voltage differential probe I (41), the high-voltage differential probe II (42) and the high-voltage differential probe III (43) are respectively connected to two ends of the A-phase insulator string I (131), the B-phase insulator string I (132) and the C-phase insulator string I (133) and are connected to the upper computer (1) through the data acquisition unit (3); the wireless receiving module (2) transmits the current collected by the wireless current sensor (7) to the upper computer (1); the upper computer (1) changes the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator (11) through the control signal controller (12).
2. The method for evaluating the lightning withstand level of the lightning transmission line in the high soil resistivity region according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1: simulating lightning stroke on the tower top of the transmission line tower, and carrying out lightning resistance horizontal test;
s2: for the high soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) in the sand pool (5), starting from 550 ohm-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 ohm-m, and repeating the step S1 to obtain the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity;
s3: calculating the lightning resistance level theoretical value I under different soil resistivities according to the following formula:
wherein L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding device, h is the buried depth of the grounding device, d is the diameter of the conductor of the grounding device, B is the form factor, L is the geometric dimension, and L is the total length of the conductor of the grounding devicegtIs the equivalent inductance of the tower, hdIs the average height, U, of the power conductors50％The flashover voltage of the insulator string is α as a shunt coefficient, K is a coupling coefficient after corona correction, and m is an errorCoefficient, η is an integral variable;
s4: performing optimization modeling on a lightning-resistant level theoretical calculation formula by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and calculating an m value which minimizes the error between a lightning-resistant level measured value and a theoretical value;
s5: for the high soil resistivity region, the optimal value m is obtained according to the optimization of the step S40Substituting the following formula (2) into the optimized theoretical formula:
in the formula (2), IyCalculating a theoretical value for the optimized lightning resistance level;
s6: in the area with higher soil resistivity, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) in the sand pool (5), starting from 1050 omega-m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega-m, and repeating the step S1 to measure the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity; repeating the step S4, and optimizing to obtain an optimal value m1And further obtaining a calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line aiming at the area with higher soil rate:
s7: in the ultrahigh soil resistivity area, changing the soil resistivity of the soil (18) in the sand pool (5), starting from 2050 omega m, taking one soil resistivity at intervals of 50 omega m, repeating the step S1, measuring the lightning resistance level under the soil resistivity, and measuring 20 groups in total; repeating the step S4, and optimizing to obtain an optimal value m2And further obtaining a calculation formula of the lightning resistance level of the power transmission line for the ultrahigh soil rate area:
3. the method for evaluating the lightning withstand level of the lightning transmission line in the area with high soil resistivity according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step S1 is as follows:
1) the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on, lightning voltage with the amplitude of U is output to the tower top of the first base tower (21), the lightning current sensor (7) records the lightning current injected into the tower top of the first base tower (21), and the lightning current is wirelessly transmitted to the wireless receiving module (2) and further transmitted to the upper computer (1); meanwhile, overvoltage at two ends of the A-phase insulator string I (131), the B-phase insulator string I (132) and the C-phase insulator string I (133) is respectively measured by the high-voltage differential probe I (41), the high-voltage differential probe II (42) and the high-voltage differential probe III (43), and is transmitted to the upper computer (1) through the data acquisition unit (3), the upper computer (1) controls the signal controller (12) to close the impact voltage generator (11), and whether flashover occurs in the A-phase insulator string I (131), the B-phase insulator string I (132) and the C-phase insulator string I (133) is judged;
2) if the insulator string has flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator (11) is reduced by delta U through the signal controller (12), the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on again, the method is repeated until the insulator string just does not have flashover, and the lightning current amplitude I measured at the previous time is measuredcAs lightning resistance level; if insulator strings are not in flashover, the lightning voltage amplitude output by the impulse voltage generator (11) is increased by delta U through the signal controller (12), the impulse voltage generator (11) is turned on again, the method is repeated until one insulator string is found to be in flashover, and the current amplitude I measured at this time is usedcAs lightning resistance level.
4. The method for evaluating the lightning withstand level of the lightning transmission line in the area with high soil resistivity according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step S4 is as follows:
1) generating an initial population having uniformly distributed particles and velocities, setting a stopping condition;
2) and calculating an objective function value according to the formula (4):
in the formulaG (m) represents an objective function, IiIs a theoretical calculation value of lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity, IciThe measured value of the lightning resistance level under the condition of the ith soil resistivity is n, and the number of the data sets of the measured value of the lightning resistance level of the corresponding soil resistivity area is n;
3) updating the individual historical optimal position of each particle and the optimal position of the whole group;
4) updating the speed and position of each particle;
5) if the stopping condition is met, stopping searching and outputting the searching result, otherwise, returning to the step 2);
6) and obtaining the m value which minimizes the error between the actual measured lightning-resistant level and the theoretical value.
5. The method for assessing the lightning withstand level of the lightning transmission line in the area with high soil resistivity according to claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the area with high soil resistivity is as follows: 500 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 1000 Ω · m, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
6. The method for evaluating lightning withstand level of lightning transmission lines in areas with high soil resistivity according to claim 2, wherein in step S6, areas with higher soil resistivity are: 1000 Ω · m < ρ < ═ 2000 Ω · m; in step S7, the ultra-high soil resistivity region is: 2000 Ω · m < ρ, where ρ is the soil resistivity.
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