CN110863484A - Underwater soil body expanding stirrer and construction method of underwater pedestal pile - Google Patents
Underwater soil body expanding stirrer and construction method of underwater pedestal pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110863484A CN110863484A CN201911109723.4A CN201911109723A CN110863484A CN 110863484 A CN110863484 A CN 110863484A CN 201911109723 A CN201911109723 A CN 201911109723A CN 110863484 A CN110863484 A CN 110863484A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an underwater soil body spreading and stirring device which is fixedly arranged at the lower end of a drill rod, wherein the drill rod is a dual-pipe drill rod with a core pipe, the underwater soil body spreading and stirring device comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a cutting and stirring frame, a drill bit and a slurry conveying system, the upper end of the outer pipe is fixedly connected with the drill rod, the inner pipe is sleeved at the lower part in the outer pipe in an up-and-down sliding manner, the cutting and stirring frame is circumferentially arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe in an array manner, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner; a construction method of an underwater club-footed pile comprises the following steps: determining the expansion and stirring range, determining the size of the underwater soil body expansion and stirring device, selecting a drill rod, preparing slurry, drilling a straight hole, performing expansion and stirring, taking soil and irrigating a pedestal pile. The invention aims to solve the problems that surrounding cohesionless soil layers cannot be self-stabilized and are easy to collapse during underwater bottom expanding, and provides an underwater soil body expanding stirrer and a construction method of an underwater bottom expanding pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater foundation construction, in particular to an underwater soil body expanding stirrer and a construction method of an underwater pedestal pile.
Background
The pedestal pile is an end-bearing pile with high bearing capacity, and is favored in pile foundation construction. The enlarged head portion of the pedestal pile is typically located in a non-cohesive soil formation such as sand, gravel, pebbles, etc. However, when the hole is enlarged in the inviscid soil under water, the enlarged space is very easy to collapse, and the enlarged space is usually difficult to enlarge to the frustum-shaped large-head space. If the underground water above the elevation of the enlarged head is drained firstly and then the reaming pile is constructed, the construction cost of the pedestal pile is undoubtedly and greatly increased. This is the main reason why there is no successful case of underwater construction of the pedestal pile in the current building market.
The key point of successful implementation of the underwater bottom-expanding pile is mainly how to ensure that a surrounding inviscid soil layer can be self-stabilized without collapse during underwater bottom expanding, and an effective method is to construct a retaining wall ring with certain thickness and certain strength at the periphery of a bottom expanding space.
The invention patent (CN 104389516A) adopts a primary or secondary extruding and expanding method to form holes, the hole forming process can fully extrude the soil in the pile hole, a compact shell is formed around the pile, and the stability of the hole wall can be effectively improved without collapse. However, the technology is not suitable for medium-density to compact underwater inviscid soil, especially for the situation that the diameter of the expanded base is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that surrounding cohesionless soil layers cannot be self-stabilized and are easy to collapse during underwater bottom expanding, and provides an underwater soil body expanding stirrer and a construction method of an underwater bottom expanding pile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an underwater soil body spreading and stirring device is fixedly arranged at the lower end of a drill rod, the drill rod is a dual-pipe drill rod with a core pipe, the underwater soil body spreading and stirring device comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a cutting and stirring frame, a drill bit and a slurry conveying system, the upper end of the outer pipe is fixedly connected with the drill rod, the inner pipe is sleeved at the lower part of the inner pipe in an up-and-down sliding mode, the cutting and stirring frame is arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe in a circumferential array mode, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe;
a partition plate is arranged at the inner upper part of the outer pipe, a connecting core pipe is communicated above the partition plate, and the connecting core pipe and the outer pipe are coaxially and fixedly arranged;
the cutting stirring frame consists of an upper cutting plate and a lower cutting plate, the upper end of the upper cutting plate is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer pipe, the upper end of the lower cutting plate is hinged with the lower end of the upper cutting plate, and the lower end of the lower cutting plate is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the inner pipe;
the slurry conveying system is composed of an upper slurry outlet hole, a lower slurry outlet hole, ⊥ -shaped holes, side through holes, a lower through pipe, an upper through pipe and a lower through pipe, wherein the upper slurry outlet hole, the lower slurry outlet hole, the ⊥ -shaped holes and the side through holes are respectively arranged in an upper cutting plate, a lower cutting plate, a drill bit and an inner pipe, one end of the upper slurry outlet hole is positioned in the middle of the upper end of the upper cutting plate, the other end of the upper slurry outlet hole is positioned on the side face of the lower end of the upper cutting plate, one end of the lower slurry outlet hole is positioned in the middle of the lower end of the lower cutting plate, the other end of the lower slurry outlet hole is positioned on the side face of the upper end of the lower cutting plate, the cross section of the ⊥ -shaped hole is in a shape of '⊥', the upper end of the ⊥ -shaped hole is positioned in the center of the top face of the drill bit, the lower end of the lower cutting plate is positioned on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit, the circumferential array of the side through holes is arranged on the lower portion.
Further, the inner diameter of the outer tube is equal to the outer diameter of the inner tube.
Furthermore, a plurality of vertical guide grooves are formed in the circumferential array of the inner wall of the lower portion of the outer pipe, a plurality of vertical guide strips are formed in the circumferential array of the outer wall of the upper portion of the inner pipe, the guide strips correspond to the guide grooves one to one, and the cross section shapes of the guide strips correspond to the cross section shapes of the guide grooves.
Further, outer tube inside wall circumference array is provided with the vertical recess of a plurality of, the quantity of recess equals the quantity of last siphunculus, it is located the recess to go up the siphunculus.
Furthermore, a plurality of positioning hoops are sleeved at the lower part of the inner pipe, and the outer diameter of each positioning hoop is equal to that of the outer pipe.
Furthermore, cutting edges are arranged on one side of the upper cutting plate, which is far away from the upper slurry outlet, and one side of the lower cutting plate, which is far away from the lower slurry outlet, and the cutting edges of the upper cutting plate and the lower cutting plate are arranged in the same direction.
A construction method of an underwater club-footed pile comprises the following steps:
a. determining the stirring expansion range: determining the shape, the size and the top-bottom elevation of the expanded stirring area according to the expanded bottom elevation, the expanded bottom space size and the thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring to be set;
b. determining the size of the underwater soil body spreading and stirring device: determining the heights of the outer pipe and the inner pipe and the size of the cutting stirring frame according to the maximum stirring expansion range;
c. selecting a drill rod: when the stirring height is equal to the height of the outer pipe, a conventional drill rod is selected; when the expansion stirring height is greater than the height of the outer pipe, the drill rod connected with the outer pipe is preferably a helical blade drill rod, the sum of the total length of the helical blade drill rod and the height of the outer pipe is not less than the height of the expansion stirring range, and the drill rods of other sections can be conventional drill rods or helical blade drill rods;
d. preparing slurry: comprehensively determining the curing strength and thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring according to geological conditions and engineering requirements, and preparing slurry with matched initial setting time;
e. drilling a straight hole: drilling a straight hole to an upper height position in a stirring expanding range according to the standard requirement;
f. carrying out expanding and stirring: d, expanding and stirring the straight hole drilled in the step e through an underwater soil body expanding and stirring device;
g. taking soil: taking out the soil in the expansion stirring range, and reserving the expansion stirring range to leave an outer ring formed by slurry, wherein the outer ring is called a slurry soil retaining ring;
h. pouring concrete to form the club-footed pile: and e, placing a reinforcement cage in the straight hole in the step e, and then pouring concrete into the straight hole to finish the construction of the underwater club-footed pile.
Further, the slurries prepared in step d are two, and a reasonable initial setting time for each individual slurry, and for the two slurries after mixing, should be determined.
Further, in the step f, the underwater soil body spreading stirrer is conveyed to the bottom of the straight hole drilled in the step e through a drill rod, a cutting stirring frame is opened to be in contact with the wall of the straight hole, two kinds of slurry prepared in the step d are conveyed to the upper through pipe and the lower through pipe through gaps between the core pipe of the drill rod and the inner wall of the drill rod respectively, the underwater soil body spreading stirrer is spun through the drill rod, the outer pipe slides downwards along the inner pipe, the cutting stirring frame is used for rotatably cutting the wall of the hole, the two kinds of slurry flow out of the upper slurry outlet hole and the lower slurry outlet hole under pressure respectively, enter the soil body loosened by rotary cutting, are further mixed with the soil body and are gradually initially solidified along with the stirring of the cutting stirring frame to form a slurry-soil body, and meanwhile, the cutting stirring frame; when the cutting and stirring frame is gradually opened to the maximum, the pressure of a drill rod is increased, a drill bit drills downwards, the cutting and stirring frame rotationally cuts soil around a hole with the maximum opening degree, slurry is continuously discharged to mix with the rotationally cut loose soil, and therefore the bottom elevation of the designed stirring range is reached; after the expansion stirring is finished, slowly lifting the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, stopping preparing slurry in the step d, conveying filling slurry with low strength, stirring and drawing back the cutting stirrer in the rotation process along with the slow lifting of the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, and reinforcing the bottom of the expansion stirring range by the slurry remained in the underwater soil body expansion stirrer; along with the arrival of the filling slurry, the filling slurry fills the space left by the underwater soil body agitator moving away, thereby maintaining the stability of the agitation expanding area.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the retaining wall ring with certain thickness and certain strength is constructed on the periphery of the bottom expanding space, so that the surrounding inviscid soil layer can be ensured to be self-stabilized and not to collapse during underwater bottom expanding.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an underwater soil body spreading stirrer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of an underwater soil body spreading and stirring device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a third schematic structural diagram of the underwater soil body spreading and stirring device of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic view of the underwater soil body agitator of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underwater soil body agitator of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view of an underwater soil body agitator of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a cutting and stirring frame of an underwater soil body agitator of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is one of construction process diagrams of a construction method of an underwater pedestal pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a second construction process diagram of a method of constructing an underwater pedestal pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a third construction process diagram of a construction method of an underwater pedestal pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a fourth construction process diagram of a construction method of an underwater pedestal pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a fifth construction process diagram of the underwater pedestal pile construction method of the present invention.
In the drawing, the reference numbers are 1 is an outer pipe, 2 is an inner pipe, 3 is a cutting and stirring frame, 4 is a drill bit, 5 is a partition plate, 6 is a connecting core pipe, 7 is an upper slurry outlet, 8 is a lower slurry outlet, 9 is an ⊥ -shaped hole, 10 is a side through hole, 11 is a low-pass pipe, 12 is an upper through pipe, 13 is a lower through pipe, 14 is a positioning hoop, 301 is an upper cutting plate, and 302 is a lower cutting plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1 to 12, an underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device is fixedly arranged at the lower end of a drill rod, the drill rod is a dual-pipe drill rod with a core pipe, the underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device comprises an outer pipe 1, an inner pipe 2, a cutting and stirring frame 3, a drill bit 4 and a slurry conveying system, the upper end of the outer pipe 1 is fixedly connected with the drill rod, the inner pipe 2 is sleeved at the lower part of the inner pipe 1 in an up-and-down sliding manner, the cutting and stirring frame 3 is circumferentially arranged between the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2 in an array manner, and the drill bit 4 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe 2;
a partition plate 5 is arranged at the upper part in the outer tube 1, a connecting core tube 6 is communicated above the partition plate 5, and the connecting core tube 6 and the outer tube 1 are coaxially and fixedly arranged;
the cutting stirring frame 3 consists of an upper cutting plate 301 and a lower cutting plate 302, the upper end of the upper cutting plate 301 is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer pipe 1, the upper end of the lower cutting plate 302 is hinged with the lower end of the upper cutting plate 301, and the lower end of the lower cutting plate 302 is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the inner pipe 2;
the slurry conveying system comprises an upper slurry outlet hole 7, a lower slurry outlet hole 8, a ⊥ -shaped hole 9, a side through hole 10, a low-pass pipe 11, an upper through pipe 12 and a lower through pipe 13, wherein the upper slurry outlet hole 7, the lower slurry outlet hole 8, the ⊥ -shaped hole 9 and the side through hole 10 are respectively arranged in an upper cutting plate 301, a lower cutting plate 302, a drill bit 4 and an inner pipe 2, one end of the upper slurry outlet hole 7 is located in the middle of the upper end of the upper cutting plate 301, the other end of the upper slurry outlet hole is located on the side face of the lower end of the upper cutting plate 301, one end of the lower slurry outlet hole 8 is located in the middle of the lower end of the lower cutting plate 302, the other end of the lower slurry outlet hole 8 is located on the side face of the lower cutting plate 302, the cross section of the ⊥ is in a shape of ⊥, the upper end of the ⊥ -shaped hole 9 is located in the center of the top face of the drill bit 4, the lower end of the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 4, the side through hole 10 is circumferentially arrayed on the lower portion of the inner pipe 2, one end of the side through hole 10 is communicated to the lower end of the lower slurry outlet hole of the inner pipe 8, one end of.
The inner diameter of the outer tube 1 is equal to the outer diameter of the inner tube 2.
The inner wall circumference array of outer tube 1 lower part is provided with the vertical guide slot of a plurality of, the outer wall circumference array of inner tube 2 upper portion is provided with the vertical conducting bar of a plurality of, conducting bar and guide slot one-to-one, and the cross sectional shape of conducting bar corresponds with the cross sectional shape of guide slot.
The outer tube 1 inside wall circumference array is provided with the vertical recess of a plurality of, the quantity of recess equals the quantity of last siphunculus 12, it is located the recess to go up siphunculus 12.
The lower part of the inner pipe 2 is sleeved with a plurality of positioning hoops 14, and the outer diameter of the positioning hoops 14 is equal to that of the outer pipe 1.
The side of the upper cutting plate 301 far away from the upper slurry outlet 7 and the side of the lower cutting plate 302 far away from the lower slurry outlet 8 are both provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges of the upper cutting plate 301 and the lower cutting plate 302 are arranged in the same direction.
A construction method of an underwater club-footed pile comprises the following steps:
a. determining the stirring expansion range: determining the shape, the size and the top-bottom elevation of the expanded stirring area according to the expanded bottom elevation, the expanded bottom space size and the thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring to be set;
b. determining the size of the underwater soil body spreading and stirring device: determining the heights of the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2 and the size of the cutting stirring frame 3 according to the maximum stirring expansion range;
c. selecting a drill rod: when the stirring height is equal to the height of the outer pipe 1, selecting a conventional drill rod; when the expansion stirring height is greater than the height of the outer pipe 1, the drill rod connected with the outer pipe 1 is preferably a helical blade drill rod, the sum of the total length of the helical blade drill rod and the height of the outer pipe 1 is not less than the height of the expansion stirring range, and the drill rods of other sections can be conventional drill rods or helical blade drill rods;
d. preparing slurry: comprehensively determining the curing strength and thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring according to geological conditions and engineering requirements, and preparing slurry with matched initial setting time;
e. drilling a straight hole: drilling a straight hole to an upper height position in a stirring expanding range according to the standard requirement;
f. carrying out expanding and stirring: d, expanding and stirring the straight hole drilled in the step e through an underwater soil body expanding and stirring device;
g. taking soil: taking out the soil in the expansion stirring range, and reserving the expansion stirring range to leave an outer ring formed by slurry, wherein the outer ring is called a slurry soil retaining ring;
h. pouring concrete to form the club-footed pile: and e, placing a reinforcement cage in the straight hole in the step e, and then pouring concrete into the straight hole to finish the construction of the underwater club-footed pile.
The two slurries prepared in step d should be determined for each individual slurry and for a reasonable initial setting time after mixing of the two slurries. The two kinds of grout can be respectively selected from cement paste and water glass.
Step f, an underwater soil body spreading stirrer is conveyed to the bottom of the straight hole drilled in the step e through a drill rod, a cutting stirring frame 3 is opened to be in contact with the wall of the straight hole, two kinds of slurry prepared in the step d are conveyed to an upper through pipe 12 and a lower through pipe 11 through gaps between a core pipe of the drill rod and the inner wall of the drill rod respectively, the underwater soil body spreading stirrer is spun through the drill rod, an outer pipe 1 slides downwards along an inner pipe 2, the cutting stirring frame 3 is used for rotatably cutting the wall of the hole, the two kinds of slurry flow out from an upper slurry outlet hole 7 and a lower slurry outlet hole 8 respectively under pressure, enter a rotatably cut loose soil body, are further mixed with the soil body along with the stirring of the cutting stirring frame 3 and are gradually initially solidified to form a slurry-soil body, and meanwhile, the cutting stirring frame 3 is further; when the cutting and stirring frame 3 is gradually opened to the maximum, the pressure of a drill rod is increased, the drill bit 4 drills downwards, meanwhile, the cutting and stirring frame 3 rotationally cuts soil around the hole with the maximum opening degree, slurry is continuously discharged to mix with the rotationally cut loose soil, and therefore the bottom elevation of the designed stirring range is reached; after the expansion stirring is finished, slowly lifting the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, stopping preparing slurry in the step d, conveying filling slurry with low strength, stirring and drawing back the cutting stirring frame 3 in the rotating process along with the slow lifting of the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, and reinforcing the bottom of the expansion stirring range by the slurry remained in the underwater soil body expansion stirrer; along with the arrival of the filling slurry, the filling slurry fills the space left by the underwater soil body agitator moving away, thereby maintaining the stability of the agitation expanding area.
When the agitator is arranged at the bottom of the hole, the drill bit 4 stops moving downwards due to the blockage of soil at the bottom of the hole, and the cutting agitator frame 3 is opened and touches the wall of the hole. Slurry conveying is started, a drill rod is spun, an outer pipe 1 of the expansion stirrer descends along a nesting surface between the outer pipe and an inner pipe 2, soil on the wall of a hole is cut and stirred by a cutting stirring frame 3, and slurry flows out from a slurry outlet hole along respective pipelines and paths under pressure and enters the soil loosened by rotary cutting. During the stirring immediately following the cutting plate, the slurry and the soil mass are further mixed and rapidly initially set and solidified, while the cutting stirring frame 3 is further opened. At this stage, due to the resistance of the soil body at the bottom of the hole, the downward resistance of the drill bit 4 is greater than the cutting stirring resistance, the spinning effect of the drill rod on the expansion stirrer is mainly to gradually open the cutting stirring frame 3 to the designed opening, and the drill bit 4 can generate a certain amount of downward drilling due to the rotation under pressure. The larger the cone angle of the drill bit 4, the more dense the soil at the bottom of the hole, and the smaller this downward drilling amount. When the cutting and stirring frame 3 is gradually opened to the maximum, the pressure of a drill rod is increased, the drill bit 4 drills downwards, simultaneously the cutting and stirring frame 3 rotationally cuts soil around the hole with the maximum opening degree, slurry is continuously discharged from the slurry outlet hole to mix with the rotationally cut loose soil, and the bottom elevation of the designed stirring is reached.
The stirring range of the hole bottom formed by the stirring is expanded to be a combined shape that a cylinder is clamped between two round tables. The upper section of the upper round table is consistent with the section of the drilled hole, the lower section of the upper round table is the area swept by the cutting stirring frame 3 when the upper round table is opened to the maximum, the lower section of the upper round table is a cylinder with the section of the area, an inverted round table is connected below the upper round table, and the bottom surface of the round table is equivalent to the maximum section of the bottom drill 4.
Since the slurry outlet hole is positioned near the hinge joint of the upper cutting plate 301 and the lower cutting plate 302, the slurry is best solidified at the position, namely, a hard ring layer with relatively high strength is formed at the periphery of the stirring expanding range, while the slurry is infiltrated into the stirring expanding range, the strength is relatively weak, but the integrity is enhanced to a certain extent, which just provides a very convenient condition for next-step bottom expanding soil extraction.
When the agitator is lifted after the agitation is finished, the agitator still needs to rotate in the original direction, and the original slurry conveying is stopped, and the agitator is changed into the agitator for conveying the filling slurry with low strength after solidification. At this time, as the stirring expander is slowly lifted up, the cutting stirring frame 3 is stirred and gathered in the rotating process, and the original slurry remained in the pipe just reinforces the bottom of the stirring expanding range. The subsequent filling slurry will fill the space left by the agitator, thus maintaining the stability of the agitator-extended area, especially the high-strength ring layer on the periphery. When the stirrer is lifted up, the lifting speed is required to be noticed, and too high lifting speed can cause the bottom of the stirrer to form too large vacuum suction force, so that the formation of the mortar wall protecting ring is adversely affected.
In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that equivalent changes or modifications in the structure, features and principles described in the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The underwater soil body expanding and stirring device is fixedly arranged at the lower end of a drill rod, the drill rod is a dual-pipe drill rod with a core pipe, and the underwater soil body expanding and stirring device is characterized by comprising an outer pipe (1), an inner pipe (2), a cutting and stirring frame (3), a drill bit (4) and a slurry conveying system, wherein the upper end of the outer pipe (1) is fixedly connected with the drill rod, the inner pipe (2) is sleeved at the lower part in the outer pipe (1) in an up-and-down sliding manner, the cutting and stirring frame (3) is circumferentially arranged between the outer pipe (1) and the inner pipe (2), and the drill bit (4) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe (2);
a partition plate (5) is arranged at the upper part in the outer pipe (1), a connecting core pipe (6) is communicated above the partition plate (5), and the connecting core pipe (6) and the outer pipe (1) are coaxially and fixedly arranged;
the cutting stirring frame (3) consists of an upper cutting plate (301) and a lower cutting plate (302), the upper end of the upper cutting plate (301) is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer pipe (1), the upper end of the lower cutting plate (302) is hinged with the lower end of the upper cutting plate (301), and the lower end of the lower cutting plate (302) is hinged with the outer wall of the lower end of the inner pipe (2);
the slurry conveying system is composed of an upper slurry outlet hole (7), a lower slurry outlet hole (8), a ⊥ -shaped hole (9), a side through hole (10), a low-pass pipe (11), an upper through pipe (12) and a lower through pipe (13), wherein the upper slurry outlet hole (7), the lower slurry outlet hole (8), the ⊥ -shaped hole (9) and the side through hole (10) are respectively arranged in an upper cutting plate (301), a lower cutting plate (302), a drill bit (4) and an inner pipe (2), one end of the upper slurry outlet hole (7) is located in the middle of the upper end of the upper cutting plate (301), the other end of the upper slurry outlet hole is located on the side face of the lower cutting plate (302), the other end of the lower slurry outlet hole is located on the side face of the lower cutting plate (302), the cross section of the ⊥ -shaped hole (9) is in a shape of '⊥', the upper end of an outer pipe (56) is located in the center of the top face of the drill bit (4), the lower end of the outer pipe (9), the outer pipe (10) is located on the side wall of the circumferential side wall of the drill bit (4), the lower through hole (10) is communicated with the upper through pipe (9), the lower through pipe (9) is communicated with the lower through hole (9), the upper through pipe (11), the upper through pipe (9) and the.
2. An underwater soil body agitator according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the outer pipe (1) is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pipe (2).
3. The underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the circumferential array of the inner wall of the lower part of the outer pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical guide grooves, the circumferential array of the outer wall of the upper part of the inner pipe (2) is provided with a plurality of vertical guide bars, the guide bars and the guide grooves are in one-to-one correspondence, and the cross-sectional shapes of the guide bars and the guide grooves correspond.
4. The underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circumferential array of the inner side wall of the outer pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical grooves, the number of the grooves is equal to the number of the upper through pipes (12), and the upper through pipes (12) are positioned in the grooves.
5. The underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device as recited in claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning hoops (14) are sleeved on the lower portion of the inner pipe (2), and the outer diameter of the positioning hoops (14) is equal to that of the outer pipe (1).
6. The underwater soil mass spreading and stirring device as recited in claim 1, wherein the side of the upper cutting plate (301) far away from the upper slurry outlet (7) and the side of the lower cutting plate (302) far away from the lower slurry outlet (8) are both provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges of the upper cutting plate (301) and the lower cutting plate (302) are arranged in the same direction.
7. A construction method of an underwater club-footed pile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. determining the stirring expansion range: determining the shape, the size and the top-bottom elevation of the expanded stirring area according to the expanded bottom elevation, the expanded bottom space size and the thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring to be set;
b. determining the size of the underwater soil body agitator of any one of claims 1-6: determining the heights of the outer pipe (1) and the inner pipe (2) and the size of the cutting stirring frame (3) according to the maximum stirring expansion range;
c. selecting a drill rod: when the stirring height is equal to the height of the outer pipe (1), a conventional drill rod is selected; when the expansion stirring height is greater than the height of the outer pipe (1), the drill rod connected with the outer pipe (1) is preferably a helical blade drill rod, the sum of the total length of the helical blade drill rod and the height of the outer pipe (1) is not less than the height of the expansion stirring range, and the drill rods of other sections can be conventional drill rods or helical blade drill rods;
d. preparing slurry: comprehensively determining the curing strength and thickness of the soil-slurry retaining wall ring according to geological conditions and engineering requirements, and preparing slurry with matched initial setting time;
e. drilling a straight hole: drilling a straight hole to an upper height position in a stirring expanding range according to the standard requirement;
f. carrying out expanding and stirring: d, expanding and stirring the straight hole drilled in the step e through an underwater soil body expanding and stirring device;
g. taking soil: taking out the soil in the expansion stirring range, and reserving the expansion stirring range to leave an outer ring formed by slurry, wherein the outer ring is called a slurry soil retaining ring;
h. pouring concrete to form the club-footed pile: and e, placing a reinforcement cage in the straight hole in the step e, and then pouring concrete into the straight hole to finish the construction of the underwater club-footed pile.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the slurry prepared in the step d is two, and a reasonable initial setting time of each slurry is determined, and the two slurries are mixed.
9. The method for constructing an underwater pedestal pile according to claim 8, wherein in step f, the underwater soil body agitator is conveyed to the bottom of the straight hole drilled in step e through the drill rod, the cutting agitator frame (3) is opened to contact the wall of the straight hole, the two slurries prepared in step d are conveyed to the upper through pipe (12) and the lower through pipe (11) through the core pipe of the drill rod and the gap between the core pipe and the inner wall of the drill rod respectively, the underwater soil body spreading stirrer is spun by a drill rod, the outer pipe (1) slides downwards along the inner pipe (2), the wall of the soil body of the hole is cut and stirred by the cutting and stirring frame (3), two kinds of slurry respectively flow out from the upper slurry outlet hole (7) and the lower slurry outlet hole (8) under pressure and enter the soil body loosened by rotary cutting, the soil body is further mixed and gradually initially solidified with the stirring of the cutting stirring frame (3) to form a slurry-soil combined body, and meanwhile, the cutting stirring frame (3) is further opened and the soil body is cut and stirred; when the cutting and stirring frame (3) is gradually opened to the maximum, the pressure of a drill rod is increased, the drill bit (4) drills downwards, simultaneously the cutting and stirring frame (3) rotationally cuts soil around the hole with the maximum opening degree, slurry is continuously discharged to mix with the rotationally cut loose soil, and the bottom elevation of the designed stirring range is reached; after the expansion stirring is finished, slowly lifting the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, stopping preparing slurry in the step d, conveying filling slurry with low strength, stirring and drawing back the cutting stirring frame (3) in the rotation process along with the slow lifting of the underwater soil body expansion stirrer, and reinforcing the bottom of the expansion stirring range by the slurry remained in the underwater soil body expansion stirrer; along with the arrival of the filling slurry, the filling slurry fills the space left by the underwater soil body agitator moving away, thereby maintaining the stability of the agitation expanding area.
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