CN110863377B

CN110863377B - Black inorganic fiber and plasma preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110863377B
Application number: CN201911214271.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄逸凡; 高明; 梅婷婷; 王裕; 顾晓滨; 喻学锋
Original assignee: Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
Current assignee: Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
Priority date: 2019-12-02
Filing date: 2019-12-02
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-02
Also published as: CN110863377A; WO2021109865A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a black inorganic fiber and a plasma preparation method thereof, and particularly discloses a black inorganic fiber, which comprises a fiber matrix and carbonized sugar attached to the fiber matrix, wherein the fiber matrix is an inorganic fiber which can resist the temperature of more than 500 ℃, such as basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, quartz fiber and sepiolite fiber. The carbonized sugar attached on the fiber matrix is obtained by the following method: 1) pretreatment: carrying out surface modification on a fiber matrix by utilizing wet plasma to obtain activated fibers, and soaking the activated fibers in a sugar water solution under the action of tension; 2) carbonizing and dyeing: carbonizing the soaked fiber obtained in the step 1) at high temperature to obtain a fiber matrix attached with carbonized sugar, namely forming the dyed inorganic fiber. The invention is novel and unique, the preparation method is simple, and the invention is environment-friendly and pollution-free.

Description

Black inorganic fiber and plasma preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of fiber materials, and particularly relates to a black inorganic fiber and a plasma preparation method thereof.

Background

It is well known that post-treatment dyeing of fibers is a common dyeing method. In particular, the fibers are treated using plasma techniques to increase the fiber surface roughness and chemically active groups, thereby allowing dyes to be more readily adsorbed onto the fiber surface. Chinese patent documents 200810059897.X and 201811577679.5 both disclose a related method for dyeing aramid fibers with inert gas plasma, and achieve good results.

However, unlike organic fibers such as aramid fibers, inorganic fibers have a more compact structure and a stronger surface inertness, and the prior art cannot achieve an excellent effect, and reports on such inorganic fiber dyeing methods are few. In recent years, inorganic fibers such as basalt fibers have been rapidly developed, and if basalt fibers of different colors can be provided, it has a practical significance for the popularization of downstream applications thereof. Similarly, other inorganic fibers such as ceramic fibers, sepiolite fibers, and the like face the same technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The prior art has the disadvantage that the preparation of black inorganic fibers cannot be realized by using plasma technology. In view of these disadvantages, the present invention aims to obtain black inorganic fibers by performing pretreatment of fibers with wet plasma and coloring the fibers by high-temperature carbonization using an aqueous sugar solution as a dye source.

The invention provides a black inorganic fiber, which comprises a fiber matrix and carbonized sugar attached to the fiber matrix, wherein the fiber matrix is an inorganic fiber which can tolerate the temperature of more than 500 ℃, and is preferably selected from basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, quartz fiber and sepiolite fiber.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the carbonized sugar attached to the fiber matrix is obtained by the following method:

1) pretreatment: carrying out surface modification on a fiber matrix by utilizing wet plasma to obtain activated fibers, and soaking the activated fibers in a sugar water solution under the action of tension;

2) carbonizing and dyeing: carbonizing the soaked fiber obtained in the step 1) at high temperature to obtain a fiber matrix attached with carbonized sugar, namely forming the dyed inorganic fiber.

The wet plasma in the step 1) is formed by performing high-voltage discharge by using a mixed gas of water vapor and an inert gas.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a plasma preparation method of black inorganic fiber, comprising the following steps:

2) carbonizing and dyeing: carbonizing the soaked fibers obtained in the step 1) at high temperature to obtain black inorganic fibers;

In the technical scheme of the invention, the fiber matrix in the step 1) is selected from basalt fibers, ceramic fibers, quartz fibers and sepiolite fibers.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the inert gas in the step 1) is selected from one or more of argon, nitrogen and helium.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the volume ratio of the water vapor to the inert gas in the step 1) is 1:5-1:20, preferably 1:8-1:12, and more preferably 1: 10.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the plasma modification time in the step 1) is 2-10 min.

In the technical solution of the present invention, tension is applied to the fiber during the plasma treatment in step 1), preferably the tension is 1N or more, and more preferably 1 to 3N.

In the technical solution of the present invention, when the sugar water is soaked in the step 1), a tension of 1N or more, preferably 3 to 5N, is applied to the activated fiber.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the sugar water in the step 1) is an aqueous solution of sugar, and the sugar is selected from monomer, dimer, oligomer and poly-hydroxyl aldehyde or ketone.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the carbonization in the step 2) is carried out under the protective atmosphere of inert gas, and the inert gas is selected from argon or nitrogen.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the temperature of carbonization in the step 3) is above 500 ℃, preferably 500-700 ℃.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the carbonization time in the step 3) is 30-300 min.

In the solution according to the invention, the concentration of the sugar water solution in step 2) is above 30%, preferably 40-60%.

In still another aspect, the present invention provides black inorganic fibers obtained by the method of the present invention.

The invention discloses a black inorganic fiber and a plasma preparation method thereof. The specific preparation method of the invention is as follows: the surface of the inorganic fiber is activated by using wetting plasma under certain tension, so that the surface of the inorganic fiber has a large number of oxygen-containing active groups, and the surface wettability and the adsorptivity of the inorganic fiber are enhanced. Subsequently, the fiber is soaked in an aqueous sugar solution under tension, causing the sugar-containing solution to soak into the interstices of the fiber. And finally, carbonizing the sugar into black by using a high-temperature carbonization process to obtain the black inorganic fiber. The method is novel, unique, simple and efficient, breaks through the limitation that the black inorganic fiber cannot be prepared in the prior art, and the prepared black inorganic fiber has excellent performance, good color fastness and excellent practical application prospect.

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing black inorganic fibers by using a plasma technology and the obtained fibers, and the method has the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the dyeing of inorganic fiber without changing the fiber composition and fiber forming process, simultaneously utilizes sugar water as a dye source and combines a carbonization process, can avoid the use of chemical dye and does not generate dyeing wastewater.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a photograph of a fabric woven from basalt fiber, showing the basalt fiber in a yellow-brown color.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a black basalt fiber product dyed by the method of the present invention, showing that the dyed product is black.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, but the present invention is not to be construed as limiting the implementable range thereof.

Example 1

Placing a fabric (shown as figure 1, a yellow-brown yarn dyed fabric) woven by basalt fibers in a plasma atmosphere, and carrying out fabric weaving by using a fabric with a volume ratio of 1:10, discharging by mixing water vapor and argon gas, and carrying out surface activation on the basalt fiber for 5min under the tension of 2N. The activated fabric was then mixed at a bath ratio of 1: 30 is immersed in a 50% sugar water solution for 10 min. Taking out the fabric, placing the fabric in a tube furnace, carbonizing the fabric for 60min at the temperature of 500 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then washing the fabric with clear water at room temperature to obtain a black basalt fiber product (shown as figure 2, the black fabric). Tests show that the color fastness to washing and the color fastness to rubbing of the black basalt fiber are both above grade 3, and the black basalt fiber has a good dyeing effect.

Claims

1. The black inorganic fiber is characterized by comprising a fiber matrix and carbonized sugar attached to the fiber matrix, wherein the fiber matrix is inorganic fiber resistant to the temperature of more than 500 ℃.

2. The black inorganic fiber of claim 1, wherein said fiber matrix is selected from the group consisting of basalt fibers, ceramic fibers, quartz fibers, sepiolite fibers.

3. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the carbonized sugar attached to the fiber matrix is obtained by:

2) carbonizing and dyeing: carbonizing the soaked fiber obtained in the step 1) at high temperature to obtain a fiber matrix with carbonized sugar attached, namely forming dyed inorganic fiber;

4. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the fiber matrix in step 1) is selected from basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, quartz fiber, sepiolite fiber.

5. The black inorganic fiber of claim 3, wherein the inert gas in step 1) is selected from the group consisting of argon, nitrogen, helium, and combinations thereof.

6. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the volume ratio of the water vapor to the inert gas in the step 1) is 1:5 to 1: 20.

7. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of the water vapor to the inert gas in the step 1) is 1:8 to 1: 12.

8. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the activated fiber is subjected to a tension of 1N or more when the sugar water is soaked in the step 1).

9. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 8, wherein 3 to 5N tension is applied to the activated fiber when the sugar water is soaked in the step 1).

10. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the tension is applied to the fiber during the plasma treatment in the step 1).

11. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 10, wherein the tension of 1N or more is applied to the fiber at the time of the plasma treatment in the step 1).

12. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 11, wherein the plasma treatment in the step 1) applies a tension of 1 to 3N to the fiber.

13. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the aqueous sugar solution in step 1) is an aqueous solution of a sugar selected from the group consisting of monomeric, dimeric, oligomeric, and polymeric polyhydroxyl aldehydes or ketones.

14. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 13, wherein the concentration of the sugar aqueous solution in step 1) is 30% or more.

15. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 14, wherein the concentration of the sugar aqueous solution in step 1) is 40% to 60%.

16. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of carbonization in the step 2) is 500 ℃ or higher.

17. The black inorganic fiber according to claim 16, wherein the temperature of carbonization in the step 2) is 500 ℃ to 700 ℃.

18. A plasma preparation method of black inorganic fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

19. The plasma preparation method of claim 18, wherein the fiber matrix in step 1) is selected from basalt fiber, ceramic fiber, quartz fiber, sepiolite fiber.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the inert gas in step 1) is selected from one or more of argon, nitrogen and helium.

21. The plasma preparing method according to claim 20, wherein the volume ratio of the water vapor to the inert gas in the step 1) is 1:5 to 1: 20.

22. The plasma preparing method according to claim 18, wherein the volume ratio of the water vapor to the inert gas in the step 1) is 1:8 to 1: 12.

23. The plasma production method according to claim 18, wherein the activated fiber is subjected to tension of 1N or more during the sugar water immersion in step 1).

24. The plasma preparation method according to claim 23, wherein a tension of 3-5N is applied to the activated fiber when the sugar water is soaked in the step 1).

25. The plasma production method according to claim 18, wherein the tension is applied to the fiber during the plasma treatment in step 1).

26. The plasma production method according to claim 25, wherein the tension of 1N or more is applied to the fiber during the plasma treatment in the step 1).

27. The plasma preparation method according to claim 26, wherein the plasma treatment in step 1) applies a tension of 1 to 3N to the fiber.

28. The plasma preparation method according to claim 18, wherein the aqueous sugar solution in step 1) is an aqueous solution of a sugar selected from the group consisting of monomeric, dimeric, oligomeric, and polymeric polyhydroxyl aldehydes or ketones.

29. The plasma preparation method according to claim 28, wherein the concentration of the sugar aqueous solution in step 1) is 30% or more.

30. A method for preparing plasma according to claim 29, wherein the concentration of the sugar water solution in step 1) is 40-60%.

31. The plasma production method according to claim 18, wherein the temperature of the carbonization in the step 2) is 500 ℃ or more.

32. The plasma preparing method according to claim 31, wherein the temperature of the carbonization in the step 2) is 500 ℃ to 700 ℃.