CN110859950A - 一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌侵袭性感染的药物组合物及其应用。所述药物组合物的活性组分由卡泊芬净和化合物L‑269289组成,在体外抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株中,所述卡泊芬净和化合物L‑269289的质量比为1:3~1:36;用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染中,所述卡泊芬净和化合物L‑269289的质量比为1:10。本发明在体外实验中验证了卡泊芬净和化合物L‑269289的联合使用能有效杀灭白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,并且适用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物领域,具体涉及一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物及其应用。
背景技术
白念珠菌(Candida albicans),又称白色念珠菌或白假丝酵母菌,是目前公认的人类最常见的真菌共生菌和病原体,存在于70%以上的正常人体的口腔、表皮、上呼吸道、胃肠道及阴道等处。在健康人体内,这种共生通常是良性的,一般不会引起疾病或仅引起轻微的浅表感染,但是当人体免疫系统受损或体内正常微生物菌群失衡时,该菌的过度生长会引起较严重的浅部感染(如鹅口疮和阴道炎),甚至可能导致致命性的深部侵袭性感染(如败血症)。虽然目前有多种抗真菌治疗手段,但侵袭性念珠菌病仍有较高的致死率。目前,念珠菌属病原真菌所引起的侵袭性血液感染在美国医院的院内感染中排名高达第3-4位,其中白念珠菌是侵袭性念珠菌感染的最主要病原真菌。2018年发表的真菌感染流行病学分析表明侵袭性真菌感染的发生在我国处于上升趋势,而且以白念珠菌感染占多数。
由于目前只有三类抗真菌药物可用于治疗侵袭性真菌感染,所以真菌对人类健康的影响日益扩大。具有临床应用价值的抗真菌药物的缺乏一定程度上是由于这些真核病原体与其人类宿主之间的密切进化关系,从而限制了用于治疗的独特靶点以及药物的开发。唑类药物(如氟康唑,fluconazole)通过抑制14-α-羊毛甾醇去甲基化酶使麦角固醇的生物合成减少,后者是细胞膜的重要组成成分;多烯类药物(如两性霉素B,amphotericin B)作为成孔分子与细胞膜上的麦角固醇结合;而最新应用于临床的棘白菌素类药物(如卡泊芬净,caspofungin)能够与FKS1基因编码的β-1,3-D-葡聚糖合成酶的催化亚基结合,非竞争性地抑制β-1,3-D-葡聚糖合成酶,导致真菌细胞壁完整性丧失,并对真菌造成严重的细胞壁应激。由于其安全性和强大的杀菌活性,棘白菌素类抗真菌药已成为治疗侵袭性念珠菌病的一线治疗用药。
白念珠菌对棘白菌素类药物耐药的主要原因是编码β-1,3-D-葡聚糖合成酶的基因FKS1在两个较为保守的热点区(hot spot regions,HS)包括氨基酸残基641至649(HS1)和1345至1365(HS2)内发生突变,导致对该类药物的亲和力降低从而产生耐药性。其中临床中最常见的突变位点是FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F,并导致最显著的耐药表型。
采用联合用药的方法增强对耐药菌的杀菌能力是病原真菌研究的一个重要领域,在对抗棘白菌素类药物耐药菌方面,目前临床药物的联合使用并不能明显提高药效。因此,开发新的药物来对抗棘白菌素类药物耐药菌是亟待解决的问题。最初研究的重点放在了细胞应激反应的关键调控元件上,包括分子伴侣Hsp90、CCT伴侣蛋白复合物和钙调磷酸酶,以这些因子为靶标的确可以提高耐药菌对卡泊芬净的敏感性,但是它们在人体细胞中也是重要的调控因子,而且具有高度保守性,因此会产生临床毒副作用;此后,人们又将目光转移到真菌的特有结构细胞壁上,几丁质是细胞壁的重要组成成分,实验显示几丁质合成酶抑制剂和卡泊芬净在对抗白念珠菌方面具有协同作用,由于几丁质合成酶抑制剂目前在临床上无法应用,限制了这种药物的推广;另外实验发现螯合剂DTPA能够增强卡泊芬净的杀菌能力,但DTPA是多效金属螯合剂,无法实现临床应用。
GGTase 1(Geranylgeranyltransferase 1),即二牛龙牛儿基转移酶1特异性地介导蛋白翻译后的异戊烯化修饰,即将底物聚异戊二烯GGPP(geranylgeranylpyrophosphate,牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸)共价结合到半胱氨酸(cysteine,C)残基上。该酶所修饰的半胱氨酸位点在序列排布上具有高度保守性,均处于蛋白末端并以CaaX的形式存在:C代表半胱氨酸;a即aliphatic amino acid,代表脂肪族氨基酸;X主要是指亮氨酸(leucine,L),也可能是甲硫氨酸或苯丙氨酸。GGTase 1所介导的异戊烯化修饰是一种酯基化修饰,可以增强蛋白的疏水性,有利于蛋白与膜的结合,对底物蛋白的膜定位和功能具有重要调控作用。化合物L-269289是GGTase 1的特异性抑制剂,具有高度专一性,无法有效抑制人体细胞中该酶的活性。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,目的在于提供一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物及其应用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物,其活性组分由卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289组成。
上述方案中,所述药物组合物用于体外抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的质量比为1:3~1:36;所述药物组合物用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染,卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的质量比为1:10。
上述方案中,所述药物组合物用于体外抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株的过程中,卡泊芬净的浓度为0.5μg/ml~4μg/ml,化合物L-269289的浓度为25~35uM。
上述方案中,所述药物组合物用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染过程中,卡泊芬净的给药剂量为0.05mg/kg小鼠体重,化合物L-269289的给药剂量为0.5mg/kg小鼠体重。
卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289在制备用于抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株的药物中的用途。
卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289在制备用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌侵袭性感染的药物中的用途。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供了卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的药物组合物及其联合用药用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的效果,本发明在体外实验中验证了卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的联合使用能有效杀灭白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,并且适用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染。
附图说明
图1为卡泊芬净(A)和化合物L-269289(B)的化学结构式。
图2为体外药敏试验,包括白念珠菌药敏实验测定(A)和联合用药的杀菌效果检测(B)。
图3为联合用药的浓度梯度检测。
图4为化合物L-269289对人体肾细胞系293的毒性验证(A)和联合用药在白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌小鼠侵袭性感染中的疗效(B)。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
实施例1
卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的化学结构式如图1所示,本实施例通过体外实验验证联合用药对耐药菌株的杀菌活性,具体操作如下:
(1)白念珠菌药敏实验测定:白念珠菌药敏实验的测定均在96孔板中完成,每孔中加入100ul的酵母浸出粉葡萄糖培养液(YPD)。卡泊芬净通过稀释按设定浓度(浓度设定见图2A)置于孔中,将指定的菌株(野生型白念珠菌;白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,包括FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F)培养至对数生长期后每孔加入约103个菌;在暗处30℃培养48小时后用酶标仪测量菌株浓度,数据用热图表示,如图2(A)所示。图2(A)的结果表明:卡泊芬净对野生型白念珠菌随着浓度从0.05μg/ml~0.4μg/ml逐步增加产生了较强的抑制作用,但是卡泊芬净在0.5μg/ml~4μg/ml高浓度下对白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,包括FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F的抑制作用仍然较弱。
(2)联合用药的杀菌效果检测:将白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株(包括FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F)培养至对数生长期后,加入到单独使用化合物L-269289(35uM)的培养基中、同时也加入到含有卡泊芬净(1.5μg/ml)与L-269289(35uM)的培养基中,在暗处30℃培养48小时后用酶标仪测量菌株浓度,结果如图2(B)所示,图中数据为三个独立实验的平均值,结果表明:联合用药可以有效杀灭棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株。
实施例2
联合用药的浓度梯度检测:96孔板中每孔加入100ul的酵母浸出粉葡萄糖培养液(YPD),卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289通过稀释按设定浓度(浓度设定见图3)置于孔中,将白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株(包括FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F)培养至对数生长期后每孔加入约103个菌;在暗处30℃培养48小时后用酶标仪测量菌株浓度,数据用热图表示,如图3所示。图3的结果表明:单独使用卡泊芬净在0.5μg/ml~4μg/ml高浓度下对白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,包括FKS1F641S和FKS1S645F的抑制作用较弱。然而,1.5μg/ml~4μg/ml卡泊芬净和25~35uM L-269289联合用药对于耐药菌株FKS1F641S的生长具有明显的抑制作用;0.5μg/ml~4μg/ml卡泊芬净和30~35uM L-269289联合用药对于耐药菌株FKS1S645F的生长具有明显的抑制作用。
实施例3
化合物L-269289对人体肾细胞系293的毒性验证,具体包括如下操作:
(1)人体肾细胞系293由中国典型培养物保藏中心(CCTCC)提供,经PCR检测支原体污染为阴性;
(2)293细胞以每孔5.0×104个细胞的浓度接种在96孔板中,加入10%胎牛血清(Everygreen),用DMSO(MP生物医学)和化合物L-269289,浓度设置为10μM,20μM,30μM,40μM,50μM培养72h后,用细胞计数试剂盒8(APExBIO)检测培养后的存活细胞,将未经L-269289处理的细胞存活率设为100%作为对照。
实验结果如图4(A)所示,图4(A)结果表明:L-269289在浓度大于40μM时才会表现出对293细胞活力的抑制。
实施例4
联合用药在白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌小鼠侵袭性感染中的疗效验证,具体包括如下操作:(1)将7.5×105个的白念珠菌FKS1F641S棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株细胞经尾静脉注射接种于6~8周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠,共有4个组,每组10只小鼠,均来自CharlesRiver公司,这4组分别为:未给药对照组,单独使用化合物L-269289(剂量为0.5mg/kg),单独使用卡泊芬净(剂量为0.05mg/kg),化合物L-269289和卡泊芬净联合用药;(2)分别从感染后4小时开始腹腔注射给药,然后每24小时注射一次,共5次注射;(3)每天监测小鼠的体重减轻情况和整体健康状况,并在实验结束时实施安乐死。最终用GraphPad Prism计算生存曲线。
结果如图4(B)所示,图4(B)结果表明:未给药对照组中,感染小鼠在19天内全部死亡;单独使用L-269289组中,感染小鼠在18天内全部死亡,说明单独使用L-269289不具有明显的治疗效果;单独使用卡泊芬净组中,感染小鼠20天后的存活率仅为20%,仍有80%小鼠在14天死亡;在联合用药组中,感染小鼠20天后的存活率为80%,显著高于未给药对照组和单独给药组,说明化合物L-269289和卡泊芬净的药物组合物可以显著增强对小鼠棘白菌素类药物耐药菌侵袭性感染的疗效。(****P<0.001,**P<0.01,*P<0.05)。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的实例,而并非对实施方式的限制。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。因此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物的活性组分由卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物用于体外抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株,卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的质量比为1:3~1:36;所述药物组合物用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染,卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289的质量比为1:10。
3.根据权利要求2所述用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物用于体外抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株的过程中,卡泊芬净的浓度为0.5μg/ml~4μg/ml,化合物L-269289的浓度为25~35uM。
4.根据权利要求2所述用于白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株对小鼠的侵袭性感染过程中,卡泊芬净的给药剂量为0.05 mg/kg小鼠体重,化合物L-269289的给药剂量为0.5 mg/kg小鼠体重。
5.卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289在制备用于抑制白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌株的药物中的用途。
6.卡泊芬净和化合物L-269289在制备用于治疗白念珠菌棘白菌素类药物耐药菌侵袭性感染的药物中的用途。
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CN113318100A (zh) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-08-31 | 东南大学 | 和厚朴酚在制备抗真菌产品中的应用 |
CN113318100B (zh) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-03-22 | 东南大学 | 和厚朴酚在制备抗真菌产品中的应用 |
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