CN110848097B - Air-water-sand energy storage power station - Google Patents
Air-water-sand energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN110848097B CN110848097B CN201911133887.0A CN201911133887A CN110848097B CN 110848097 B CN110848097 B CN 110848097B CN 201911133887 A CN201911133887 A CN 201911133887A CN 110848097 B CN110848097 B CN 110848097B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
- F03G3/04—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors driven by sand or like fluent solid material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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Abstract
An air-water-sand energy storage power station comprises an upper sand storage warehouse (14), a lower sand storage warehouse (15), an upper reservoir (20), a lower reservoir (21), a generator (26), a conveyor set and a sand discharge pipeline (27). The upper sand storage warehouse (14) is positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, and the lower sand storage warehouse (15), the lower reservoir (21) and the water pump (29) are positioned at the lower part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station; the generator (26) is installed between the upper sand storage (14) and the lower sand storage (15). The upper sand storage reservoir (14) consists of a reservoir body (16), a gas storage system, a gas and water supply system and a sand control valve (23). The upper part of the storehouse body (16) is a semi-cylinder, the lower part is a semi-cone, and the axial section is in a funnel shape. The invention utilizes the gravity potential energy of sand and supplies air or water to the sand to reduce the viscous resistance of the sand to form air-sand flow or water-sand flow, and the air-sand flow or the water-sand flow applies work to drive a generator (26) to generate electricity, and the sand is extracted, stored or stored when surplus electricity exists.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage power station.
Background
As is well known, the uncertainty and instability of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation cause the fluctuation of a power grid, so that large-area wind abandoning and light abandoning are brought, the loss of a large-scale power station is huge, and the loss is particularly serious in northwest regions. Pumped storage, compressed air storage and chemical storage are good solutions. The pumped storage has the characteristics of high power and long discharge time, the efficiency is between 60 and 70 percent, the current globally largest pumped storage power station in operation is a Passcontian pumped storage power station in the state of Virginia, the capacity reaches 3 gigawatts, and the maximum power generation time is 10 hours and 18 minutes. The pumped storage power station is an important adjusting tool of a power system, has the advantages of flexible starting and high adjusting speed, is a peak regulation power supply and an energy storage power supply which are mature in technology, reliable in operation and economical, mainly undertakes the standby tasks of peak regulation, valley filling, frequency modulation, phase modulation and emergency accidents, improves the operation characteristics of an extra-high voltage power grid, and better promotes the consumption capacity of clean energy. And secondly, the safety and reliability of the power system are improved, and the functions of a stabilizer, a regulator and a balancer are fully exerted in the extra-high voltage power grid. Therefore, the design and construction strength of the pumped storage power station is increased and accelerated by the country. Due to obvious climatic characteristics in south and north China, the pumped storage power station with abundant temperature and high water source in south China intensively builds areas, however, the areas which need to be supported by the energy storage power station urgently are areas with poor water, high altitude and low environmental temperature, the pumped storage, compressed air and chemical energy storage are greatly influenced by the temperature, and the development of the compressed air, chemical and pumped storage power station is restricted by the construction cost, geological conditions, environmental factors, downstream ecology and the like of the areas.
The mud-rock flow excited by water sources such as rainstorm, ice and snow melting and the like contains a large amount of silt and stone, and the soil, water and air mixed flow between the sand-laden water flow and the landslide moves under the action of converting self gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy. The difference between the method and the common flood is that the flood contains solid debris such as silt, stones and the like, and the volume content of the solid debris can reach about 80 percent at most. When the mud-rock flow rushes down from a mountain, the mud-rock flow has both kinetic energy and potential energy, the potential energy reduces the kinetic energy and increases, the potential energy is converted into the kinetic energy, the mud-rock flow is fierce, and the mud-rock flow has strong energy due to the high-speed advance.
Inspired by the yellow river with high sand content, the record of the yellow river with high sand content is that the daily average sand content of the section of the mouth of a Huanghezu river of a yellow river tributary exceeds 500kg/m in 1953-19713Up to 109 days, more than 800kg/m3Up to 33 days, more than 1000kg/m3The maximum daily average sand content is 1310kg/m for 6 days3Belongs to high sand-containing water flow: water flow with sand content of hundreds of kilograms or more per cubic meter to more than one thousand kilograms. The packing density of the sand is generally 1300-1600 kg/m3(related to the water content) and the high water content value is 1600kg/m3And the sand water per cubic meter accounts for the following components: 1310/1600 is 82%, i.e. 20% water is used to overcome the viscous resistance of sand and make high sand water flow, forming "water sand flow".
The sand blown by wind is a natural phenomenon, and the sand grains are blown up by the airflow to form the sand blown by wind, so that the sand has certain energy, and the temperature has no influence on the sand. It is generally believed that particulate solids, such as sand, are in fact a critical phase at the boundaries of the fluid-solid, fluidized with very little external perturbation, and in many cases behave more like a fluid. There is another particle interaction in the particle stream, namely semi-persistent contact between particles, relative sliding between particles to transmit shear stress, and mutual compression to transmit positive pressure. Continuous contact, i.e. static backup contact, transfers pressure against the contact and is subject to shear stress by internal friction. The human skillfully utilizes the natural phenomenon, such as utilizing compressed air to overcome the friction loss and resistance of gas to push sand grains to flow in a pipeline and push the sand grains to move forwards to carry sand. In another example, a press-in dry sand blasting machine uses compressed air as the accelerating power of the abrasive flow, and sand particles are ejected through a nozzle by the compressed air and are ejected to the surface to be processed to achieve the desired processing purpose. In a press-in dry sand blast, compressed air is both the feed power and the acceleration power of the jets. In another example, the fluidized bed is a fluidized bed, which uses the principle of solid fluidization and uses compressed air to suspend a large amount of sand particles in a moving air flow, and at this time, the sand particles are in two states of suspension and pulsation, so that the sand particles have the characteristics of a fluid, and an air-sand flow is formed. And the sand weight, gas flow and gas pressure determine the key factors for sand flow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas-water-sand energy storage power station, which can solve the problems of poor water, cold, large fluctuation and unmatched load characteristics in remote extreme days and night areas by cross-time and cross-season energy storage, and simultaneously avoid the problems of downstream ecological damage, chemical energy storage post-treatment pollution and the like caused by the massive development and repair of pumped storage power stations.
The invention utilizes the mountain landscape to build a gas-water-sand energy storage power station, fully utilizes the residual electricity, and respectively transmits sand and water back to an upper sand storage warehouse and an upper reservoir through a conveyor and a water pump under the control mode of gas supply or water supply, or compresses and stores the gas into an air tank through an air compressor. During power generation, air supply or water supply is respectively utilized according to the control mode of air supply or water supply, sand is layered, time-sharing optimization water supply or air supply drives the vibrating rod, the phenomenon that the downward conduction of sand gravitational potential energy is blocked due to the 'granary effect' is avoided, air supply or water supply is controlled through the fluidized sand air supply water supply pipeline, sand is fluidized to form air-sand flow or water-sand flow, and the continuity of power generation is guaranteed. And the vibrating rod is driven by controlling sand layering and time-sharing optimized water supply or air supply, and the sand is decomposed by gravity by utilizing the granary effect, so that the problem of bearing at the bottom of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station is solved.
The invention utilizes the conical bottom of the upper sand storage warehouse to establish the condition of water-sand flow or air-sand flow, so that the potential energy of sand water or air-sand is converted into kinetic energy to do work, the generator is driven to generate electricity, and the falling sand water is separated from sand water by utilizing the terrain. The gravitational potential energy of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station at the same height is nearly 1.5 times of that of water, can be built according to hillsides or abandoned mines and mines, has low geological requirements, small water consumption and no pollution, does not destroy the ecological environment, and is particularly suitable for water-poor and high-cold areas and areas with rich sand resources.
The water sand flow is formed by the fluidization flow of sand when the water content of the sand is more than 20%. Taking specific gravity rho of saturated water sandSand＝1600kg/m3Specific gravity of water ρWater (W)＝1000kg/m3The proportion relation of 80% sand taking and 20% water taking is as follows:
ρsand/water＝0.8ρSand+0.2ρWater (W)＝1280kg/m3+200kg/m3＝1480kg/m3
The sand flow is formed by compressing air flow to make sand fluidized.
The granary effect means that when the pressure at the bottom of the granary is not increased after the height of the granary is more than 2 times of the diameter of the bottom, namely when the height of particles in the container exceeds a certain value, the pressure at the bottom basically keeps a constant and does not increase along with the increase of the height.
The invention relates to a gas-water-sand energy storage power station which comprises an upper sand storage warehouse, a lower sand storage warehouse, an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a generator, a conveyor set and a sand discharge pipeline. The upper sand storage warehouse and the upper reservoir are positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand storage power station, the upper reservoir is built on one side of the upper sand storage warehouse according to geological conditions, and the bottom of the upper reservoir is higher than the top of the upper sand storage warehouse. The lower sand storage warehouse, the lower reservoir and the water pump are positioned at the lower part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, and the lower reservoir is built at one side of the lower sand storage warehouse according to geological conditions and is lower than the horizontal plane at the bottom of the lower sand storage warehouse. The lower reservoir is provided with a water pump. The sand discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the upper sand storage warehouse and is connected with the generator; the generator is installed between the upper sand storage warehouse and the lower sand storage warehouse, the outlet of the generator is connected to the lower sand storage warehouse, and the lower sand storage warehouse is located at the lower portion of the generator. The conveyer unit is located one side of gas sand and water energy storage power station, and the upper end and the last husky storehouse of holding of conveyer unit are connected, and the lower extreme and the lower husky storehouse of holding of conveyer unit are connected. And when the residual electricity exists, the sand in the lower sand storage warehouse is transmitted back to the upper sand storage warehouse. The upper sand storage warehouse consists of a warehouse body, a gas storage system, a gas and water supply system and a sand control valve. The upper part of the storehouse body is a semi-cylinder, the lower part is a semi-cone, and the axial section of the storehouse body is in a funnel shape. The gas storage system is arranged in the upper sand storage and is connected with the gas and water supply system. The sand control valve is positioned at the bottom of the semi-cone of the reservoir body and is connected with the upper part of the sand discharge pipeline, and the lower part of the sand discharge pipeline is connected with the inlet of the generator. The air and water supply system is vertically arranged in the upper sand storage chamber, and the air storage system consists of an air compressor and an air storage tank. The air compressor is installed at the top of gas storage system, and the air compressor machine pipeline of giving vent to anger is connected with the compressed air admission valve of installing on gas holder upper portion. And an exhaust valve of the gas storage tank is arranged on the columnar gas and water supply pipeline and is communicated with the gas storage tank. When residual electricity exists, the air compressor is started in an air supply control mode, and compressed air is compressed into the air storage tank through the compressed air outlet pipeline and the air inlet valve of the air storage tank.
A columnar gas supply and water supply pipeline of the gas supply and water supply system is arranged in a gas storage tank, an exhaust valve of the gas storage tank is arranged on the columnar gas supply pipeline in the gas supply and water supply system, and gas in the gas storage tank is exhausted through the exhaust valve of the gas storage tank; the upper end of the columnar gas supply pipeline is provided with a columnar water supply valve, and the columnar water supply valve is connected with the upper reservoir through a water supply pipeline.
The air and water supply system also comprises N annular air and water supply pipelines, N step valves, a fluidized sand air and water supply valve, a fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline and a strong air and water supply valve, wherein N is a positive integer. The columnar gas and water supply pipeline is arranged in the gas storage tank, the exhaust valve of the gas storage tank is arranged on the columnar gas and water supply pipeline, and gas in the gas storage tank is discharged through the exhaust valve of the gas storage tank. The columnar water supply valve is also connected with a water supply pipeline of the upper reservoir, and the other end of the water supply pipeline of the upper reservoir is connected to the bottom of the upper reservoir to supply water to the columnar gas supply water supply pipeline. k is a radical of1Step valve to kNThe step valves are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top according to the sequence of 1-N and are arranged on the columnar gas and water supply pipeline; n annular gas and water supply pipelines are arranged from bottom to top at equal intervals according to the sequence of 1-N, and penetrate through the gas storage tank and the N step valves k through the connecting pipelines1kNAnd correspondingly connecting. A plurality of gas injection feed pipes are perpendicularly installed on the first annular gas supply water supply pipeline, a plurality of gas injection water feeding heads are installed on the gas injection feed pipes, a plurality of water discharge valves and a plurality of pneumatic vibrating rods are uniformly and annularly arranged on each of the rest annular gas supply water supply pipelines, wherein valve controllers are embedded in each of the pneumatic vibrating rods and each of the water discharge valves, and the valve controllers are connected with a monitoring management system through wireless or wired lines. The monitoring management system controls the pneumatic vibrating rod or the drainage valve to vibrate or feed water to the surrounding sand through the valve controller, so that the internal friction force of the sand in transverse static supporting contact is broken, and the pressure transmission of the sand is accelerated.
Go up and hold sand storehouse and be connected with fluidization sand air feed water pipe, fluidization sand air feed water pipe is located and holds sand storehouse semicircle cone department near the bottom, the upper portion of accuse sand valve, fluidization sand air feed water pipe is connected with column air feed water pipe through fluidization sand air feed water valve, it has a plurality of exhaust of orientation accuse sand valve direction to supply water holes to arrange on the fluidization sand air feed water pipe, through this exhaust water hole exhaust or water injection, make the sand between accuse sand valve and the fluidization sand air feed water pipe form gas sand flow or water sand flow, make the sand flow through accuse sand valve in succession. The bottom of the columnar air and water supply pipeline is connected with a strong air and water supply valve, and the strong air and water supply valve is positioned in the horizontal center of the first annular air and water supply pipeline and used for emergency air exhaust or water supply when sand does not form air flow or water flow at the sand control valve.
The air supply and water supply system disturbs the sand exhaust or water supply in a time-sharing and layering way, and reduces the friction force between the sand and the sand. The sand moves to the bottom of the semi-cone of the upper sand storage reservoir body under the action of gravity, and when the sand moves to the first annular gas and water supply pipeline, the gas injection water supply pipe on the first annular gas and water supply pipeline injects gas or water into the sand, so that the viscous resistance between the sand and the sand is further reduced, and the sand is fluidized. When sand flows to the fluidized sand air supply water supply pipeline, the fluidized sand air supply water supply valve is controlled to exhaust or supply water to the fluidized sand air supply water supply pipeline, so that an air sand flow or a water sand flow formed by the flowing sand meets the requirement of continuous power generation, and stable and continuous gravitational potential energy is provided.
When the sand passes through the sand control valve, the sand discharge flow is controlled by controlling the sand control valve. When the strong air supply and water supply valve of the air supply and water supply system is opened, the sand is accelerated to descend under the impact action of air or water flow, and the response time of power generation is shortened. When the airflow sand flow or the water sand flow with a certain flow reaches the generator through the sand discharge pipeline, the generator is driven to rotate to generate electricity, and the airflow sand flow or the sand water flow is discharged into the lower sand storage warehouse from the outlet of the generator.
The sand control valve is positioned at the bottom of the semicircular cone of the reservoir body and is connected with the upper part of the sand discharge pipeline, the lower part of the sand discharge pipeline is connected with the inlet of the generator, the outlet of the generator is connected into the lower sand storage reservoir, and the lower sand storage reservoir is positioned at the lower part of the generator.
The conveyer unit consists of an upper conveyer, a lower conveyer, an upper reverse stop salmonella entering unit and a lower reverse stop salmonella entering unit. Wherein, the upper reverse stop advance salmonella and the lower reverse stop advance salmonella are arranged at one side of the upper sand storage storehouse body from top to bottom and are respectively and correspondingly connected with the discharge port of the upper conveyor and the discharge port of the lower conveyor. The discharge hole of the lower conveyor is also connected with the feed inlet of the upper conveyor, and the feed inlet of the lower conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the lower sand storage warehouse; the discharge port and the feed port are respectively a sand inlet end and a sand outlet end of the conveyor.
When the kinetic energy of the sand is discharged into the lower sand storage reservoir after the power of the generator works, most of water in the sand is separated from the sand through a sand gap in the water supply control mode, and the water flows into the lower reservoir. When the residual electricity exists, the conveyor unit is started, the sand is conveyed to the lower check inlet salmonella through the feed port of the lower conveyor, and the sand enters the upper sand storage warehouse. When the sand capacity is about to exceed the lower check inlet sand door, the lower check inlet sand door is automatically closed, the upper conveyer is started, sand conveyed by the middle conveyer is conveyed to the upper check inlet sand door by the upper conveyer in a relaying manner, and the sand enters the upper sand storage warehouse. The multi-stage sand conveying can reduce the conveying energy consumption and improve the conveying height. When the sand capacity in the upper sand storage warehouse is lower than that of the non-return inlet salmonella, the non-return inlet salmonella is in an open state, and when the sand capacity in the upper sand storage warehouse is close to that of the non-return inlet salmonella, the non-return inlet salmonella is closed to prevent sand from leaking.
The upper reservoir is positioned at one side of the upper sand storage warehouse, and the bottom of the upper reservoir is higher than the top of the upper sand storage warehouse. The water outlet at the bottom of the upper reservoir is connected with a water supply pipeline of the upper reservoir, and the other end of the water supply pipeline of the upper reservoir is connected with a columnar water supply pipeline valve in the air supply water supply system. One end of the water pumping pipeline is connected to the upper end of the upper reservoir position, and the other end of the water pumping pipeline is connected with a water outlet of the water pump.
The lower reservoir is positioned on one side of the lower sand storage warehouse and is lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the lower sand storage warehouse, when sand water is drained to the lower sand storage warehouse, most of water in the sand is separated from the sand through a sand gap, and the water flows into the lower reservoir from the lower part. The water pump inlet that is located on lower cistern is in the bottom of cistern under in pipe connection, and the water pump delivery port is connected with the pipeline that draws water, draws water the pipeline other end and is connected with last cistern top.
When residual electricity exists, the water pump is started in the water supply control mode, the sand and the water are separated and then flow into the water in the lower reservoir, and the water is returned to the upper reservoir through the water pump and the water pumping pipeline for recycling.
The working process of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station in the gas supply or water supply control mode is as follows:
according to a debris flow forming mechanism, a sand fluidization mechanism and a water pumping energy storage principle, the gas-sand-water energy storage power station disclosed by the invention utilizes a slope structure at the bottom of an upper sand storage warehouse through the relative height difference between the upper sand storage warehouse and a generator and the gravitational potential energy generated by the weight of sand bodies, and according to an air supply control mode, through controlling a pneumatic vibrating rod on each layer of the upper sand storage warehouse and injecting air into sand, the viscous resistance of the sand is reduced, a gas-sand flow is created, or according to a water supply control mode, the viscous resistance of the sand is reduced through injecting water into the sand, a water-sand flow under a debris flow condition is created, and the potential energy of the gas-sand flow or the water-sand flow is converted into the kinetic energy for driving the generator to.
The volume of the sand storage container is a semi-cylindrical volume VColumnVolume V of the semi-coneConeSum VUpper sand storage warehouseAnd then:
Vupper sand storage warehouse＝VColumn+VCone
Wherein, VUpper sand storage warehouseThe total capacity of the upper sand storage warehouse; vColumnThe capacity of the cylinder of the upper sand storageColumnThe height of the upper sand storage warehouse cylinder is; vConeFor the volume of the upper sand reservoir cone, hConeIs the height r of the cone of the upper sand storage reservoirSandThe radius of the cylinder and the cone of the upper sand storage silo.
1. When the gas-water-sand energy storage power station does not generate electricity
All air feed water supply valves and sand control valves in the air feed water supply system are in a closed state, and the weight of sand in the upper sand storage warehouse is as follows:
Wupper sand storage warehouse＝ρSand(VColumn+VCone)
Wherein, WUpper sand storage warehouseFor weight, rho, of sand in the upper sand reservoirSandIs the density of the sand; the viscous resistance between the sands causes the sands in the upper sand storage warehouse to generate a 'granary effect', and the weight of the sands is dispersed and acted on the mountain and the warehouse bodyIn addition, the bearing of the bottom of the warehouse is greatly reduced.
2. When the gas-water-sand energy storage power station generates electricity:
in the air supply control mode, the air storage tank supplies air to the upper sand storage through the air supply and water supply system; under the water supply control mode, the upper reservoir supplies water to the upper sand storage through the water supply system; when the sand control valve, the strong air supply water supply valve and the fluidized sand air supply water supply valve are opened simultaneously, the pressure F of the air sand flow or the water sand flow in the sand control valvesFar greater than the pressure outside the sand control valve, i.e. FsThe pressure is higher than 1 atmospheric pressure, at the moment when the water supply valve for strong air supply is opened, the air sand flow or the water sand flow at the sand control valve acts on the generator quickly under the pressure in the sand control valve and the impact force of the air or the water flow, so that the power generation is quickly responded, and the bearing force of the bottom of the upper sand storage warehouse is released.
The strong air supply water supply valve plays a role in fine adjustment of air supply or water supply quantity and emergency air supply or water supply.
Because the axial section of the reservoir body of the upper sand storage reservoir is in a funnel shape, sand moves downwards under the action of gravity, the downward conduction of force is blocked due to the friction among the sand, particularly, the granary effect is easy to occur when the flow speed is slow, and at the moment, the air supply and water supply system is at k1Step valve-kNUnder the control of the step valve, the air supply and water supply system is layered from bottom to top in a time-sharing manner, sand is disturbed through the pneumatic vibrating rod, or the water is discharged through the water discharge valve and is mixed with the sand, and the internal friction force of static supporting contact of the sand is broken, so that the granary effect of the layer is avoided.
The sand moves to the bottom of the semicircular cone of the upper sand storage reservoir body under the action of gravity, and when the sand moves to the first annular gas and water supply pipeline, the gas and water injection pipeline on the first annular gas and water supply pipeline injects gas or water into the sand, so that the viscous resistance between the sand is further overcome, and the sand is fluidized. When sand flows to the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline, and the controller controls the air and water supply amount of the fluidized sand air and water supply valve, so that the sand flows to meet the air sand flow or water sand flow required by continuous power generation, and stable and continuous gravitational potential energy is provided.
When the height h of the upper sand storage warehouse is more than 4rSandThe downward conduction force of the granary effect is constant FεPressure F acting on the cross-sectional area S of the sand control valvesComprises the following steps: fs≤ρSandgh1·S+Fε，
Due to QSand＝S·vSand
Therefore, the work power of the driving generator is as follows:
Psand＝μ·Fs·vSand
Therefore, the working power P of the driving generator can be adjusted by controlling the sectional area S of the sand control valveSand。
Wherein, FsThe pressure of the sectional area S of the control valve through which the air sand flow or the water sand flow flows; s is the sectional area Q of the control valve through which the air sand flow or the water sand flow flowsSandFor the flow of air-sand or water-sand flows through the control valve, vSandThe flow rate of the air sand flow or the water sand flow flowing through the control valve; r isSandThe radius of an upper semi-cylinder and a lower semi-cone of the upper sand storage warehouse body; pSandGenerating power; rhoSandIs the density of sand or the density of sand water; h is1The height between the first annular gas supply pipeline and the sand control valve is set; μ is the power generation efficiency.
3. When the air sand flow or the water sand flow passes through the sand control valve, the flow discharge rate of the air sand flow or the water sand flow is controlled under the control of the sand control valve, when the air sand flow or the water sand flow with a certain flow passes through the sand discharge pipeline, the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy to work to drive the generator to rotate and generate electricity, and the air sand flow or the water sand flow is discharged into the lower sand storage warehouse at the outlet of the generator. When entering the water supply control mode, because the lower reservoir is positioned at one side of the lower sand storage warehouse and is lower than the bottom plane of the lower sand storage warehouse, most of the water is automatically separated from the sand gap and flows into the lower reservoir to the lower position due to the gravity action of the sand gap and the water.
4. When the power generation is stopped,
all air supply and water supply valves and sand control valves are closed, the sand in the upper sand storage warehouse is in a static state at the moment, the granary effect is generated due to the increase of the friction resistance among the sand, the weight of the sand is dispersed and acted on the mountain and the warehouse body, and the bearing of the warehouse bottom is greatly reduced.
5. When there is surplus electricity
Starting the air compressor or water pump and the conveyor set. When the water supply control mode is adopted, the water pump works to return the water which flows into the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir through the water pumping pipeline, and the water is recycled. When the air supply control mode is adopted, the controller opens an air inlet valve on the air storage tank, and compressed air of the air compressor is stored in the air storage tank.
When the conveyer unit works, sand in the lower sand storage warehouse is conveyed to the lower check inlet salmonella through the feed inlet of the lower conveyer, and then enters the upper sand storage warehouse. When the sand capacity is about to exceed the lower check sand inlet door, the lower check sand inlet door is automatically closed to prevent sand from leaking, meanwhile, the upper conveyer is started, and sand conveyed by the lower conveyer is conveyed to the upper check sand inlet door by the upper conveyer in a relaying manner and enters the upper sand storage warehouse. Because the multilevel sand conveying is adopted, the transmission energy consumption is reduced on one hand, and the conveying height is improved on the other hand, the more the grading quantity is, the lower the energy consumption is.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a gas-water-sand energy storage power station of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sand storage warehouse on the gas-water-sand energy storage power station of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a gas storage system and a gas and water supply system of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the gas-water-sand energy storage power station of the invention is composed of an upper sand storage reservoir 14, a lower sand storage reservoir 15, an upper reservoir 20, a lower reservoir 21, a generator 26, a conveyor unit and a sand discharge pipeline 27. The upper sand storage warehouse 14 and the upper reservoir 20 are positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand storage power station, the upper reservoir 20 is built at one side of the upper sand storage warehouse 14 according to geological conditions, and the bottom of the upper reservoir 20 is higher than the top of the upper sand storage warehouse 14. The lower sand storage warehouse 15, the lower reservoir 21 and the water pump 29 are positioned at the lower part of the gas-water-sand storage power station, the lower reservoir 21 is built at one side of the lower sand storage warehouse 15 according to geological conditions and is lower than the horizontal plane at the bottom of the lower sand storage warehouse 15, and the water pump 29 is installed on the lower reservoir 21. The sand discharge pipeline 27 is arranged at the bottom of the upper sand storage warehouse 14 and is connected with the generator 26; the generator 26 is installed between the upper sand storage 14 and the lower sand storage 15, the outlet of the generator 26 is connected to the lower sand storage 15, and the lower sand storage 15 is located at the lower part of the generator 26. The conveyer unit is located gas sand water energy storage power station one side, and the conveyer unit upper end is connected with last sand storehouse 14, and the conveyer unit lower extreme is connected with lower sand storehouse 15, holds the sand passback of sand storehouse 15 down and send to last sand storehouse 14 in when having surplus electricity.
The upper sand storage 14 is composed of a storage body 16, a gas storage system, a gas and water supply system and a sand control valve 23. The upper part of the storehouse body 16 is a semi-cylinder, the lower part is a semi-cone, and the axial section is in a funnel shape. The gas storage system is installed in the upper sand storage 14 and connected with the gas and water supply system. The sand control valve 23 is positioned at the bottom of the semi-cone of the reservoir body and is connected with the upper part of the sand discharge pipeline 27, and the lower part of the sand discharge pipeline 27 is connected with the inlet of the generator 26.
The air supply and water supply system is vertically arranged in the upper sand storage 14, and the air storage system is composed of an air compressor 24 and an air storage tank 10. An air compressor 24 is installed on the top of the air storage system, and an air outlet pipeline 7 of the air compressor 24 is connected with a compressed air inlet valve 7' installed on the upper portion of the air storage tank 10. An exhaust valve 13 of the air storage tank 10 is arranged on the columnar air supply water supply pipeline 8 and is communicated with the air storage tank 10, when surplus electricity exists, the air compressor 24 is started in an air supply control mode, and compressed air is compressed into the air storage tank 10 through the compressed air outlet pipeline 7 and the air storage tank air inlet valve 7'.
A columnar air supply and water supply pipeline 8 of an air supply and water supply system is arranged in an air storage tank 10, an exhaust valve 13 of the air storage tank 10 is arranged on the columnar air supply pipeline 8 in the air supply and water supply system and communicated with the air storage tank 10, and a columnar water supply valve 9' is arranged at the upper end of the columnar air supply pipeline 8 and connected with an upper reservoir 20 through a water supply pipeline 9.
The air and water supply system also comprises a first annular air and water supply pipeline 1, a second annular air and water supply pipeline 2 and a third annular air and water supply pipeline 3An N-1 annular gas and water supply pipeline 4, an N annular gas and water supply pipeline 5, k1Step valve 1', k2Step valve 2', k3Step valve 3', kN-1Step valve 4', kNThe step valve 5 ', the fluidized sand air and water supply valve 6', the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6 and the strong air and water supply valve 22, wherein N is a positive integer. Wherein, the columnar air supply and water supply pipeline 8 of the air supply and water supply system is arranged in the air storage tank 10, the exhaust valve 13 of the air storage tank 10 is arranged on the columnar air supply and water supply pipeline 8, and the gas in the air storage tank 10 is exhausted through the exhaust valve 13 of the air storage tank 10. The columnar water supply valve 9' is also connected to an upper reservoir water supply pipe 9, and the other end of the upper reservoir water supply pipe 9 is connected to the bottom of an upper reservoir 20 to supply water to the columnar gas supply water supply pipe 9. k is a radical of1Step valve 1', k2Step valve 2', k3Step valve 3', kN-1Step valve 4', kNThe step valves 5' are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top according to the sequence of 1-N and are arranged on the columnar air and water supply pipeline 8; a first annular gas and water supply pipeline 1, a second annular gas and water supply pipeline 2, a third annular gas and water supply pipeline 3, an N-1 annular gas and water supply pipeline 4 and an N annular gas and water supply pipeline 5 are arranged at equal intervals from bottom to top according to 1-N, and penetrate through a gas storage tank 10 and a k through connecting pipelines1Step valve 1', k2Step valve 2', k3Step valve 3', kN-1Step valve 4', kNThe step valve 5' is correspondingly connected. Perpendicular a plurality of gas injection feed pipes 18 of installation on first annular gas feed water supply line 1, a plurality of jet-propelled water feeding heads are equipped with on the gas injection feed pipe 18, at second annular gas feed water supply line 2, third annular gas feed water supply line 3, N-1 annular gas feed water supply line 4, even annular arrangement installs a plurality of water discharge valve 12 and pneumatic stick 11 that shakes on N annular gas feed water supply line 5, wherein every pneumatic stick 11 that shakes and the equal embedded valve controller of water discharge valve 12, valve controller passes through wireless or wired and is connected with control management system. The monitoring management system controls the pneumatic vibrating rod 11 or the drainage valve 12 through the valve controller to vibrate or feed water to the surrounding sand, break the internal friction force of the horizontal static supporting contact of the sand, and addThe pressure transmission of the sand is facilitated.
The upper sand storage 14 is connected with a fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6, the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6 is positioned at the position, close to the bottom, of a semicircular cone of the upper sand storage 14, the upper part of the sand control valve 23 is connected with the columnar air and water supply pipeline 8 through a fluidized sand air and water supply valve 6', a plurality of air and water exhaust holes facing the direction of the sand control valve 23 are arranged on the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6, air and sand flow or water and sand flow is formed by sand between the sand control valve 23 and the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6 through air and water exhaust holes or water injection of the air and water exhaust holes, and the sand flows out continuously through the sand control valve 23. The bottom of the columnar gas supply pipeline 8 is provided with a strong gas supply water supply valve 22, and the strong gas supply water supply valve is positioned at the horizontal center of the first annular gas supply water supply pipeline 1 and is used for emergency exhaust when sand does not form gas sand flow or water sand flow at the sand control valve 23.
The air supply and water supply system disturbs the sand exhaust or water supply in a time-sharing and layering way, and reduces the friction force between the sand and the sand. The sand flows to the bottom of the semicircular cone of the reservoir body 16 of the upper sand storage reservoir 14 under the action of gravity, when the sand flows to the first annular air and water supply pipeline 1, the air injection water supply pipeline 18 on the first annular air and water supply pipeline 1 injects air or water into the sand, so that the viscous resistance between the sand and the sand is further reduced, when the sand flows to the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6, the fluidized sand air and water supply valve 6' is controlled to exhaust or supply air to the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline 6, so that the air sand flow or water sand flow formed by the flowing of the sand meets the continuous power generation requirement, and stable and continuous gravitational potential energy is provided.
When the sand passes through the sand control valve 23, the sand discharging flow rate is controlled by controlling the sand control valve 23. When the strong air supply and water supply valve 22 of the air supply and water supply system is opened, the sand is accelerated to descend under the impact action of air flow or water flow, and the power generation response time is shortened. When the airflow sand or the water sand flows through the sand discharge pipe 27 to the generator 26, the generator 26 is driven to generate electricity, and the airflow sand or the water sand is discharged from the outlet of the generator 26 to the lower sand storage 15.
The sand control valve 23 is located at the bottom of the semi-cone of the reservoir body 16 and is connected with the upper part of the sand discharge pipeline 27, the lower part of the sand discharge pipeline 27 is connected with the inlet of the generator 26, the outlet of the generator 26 is connected to the lower sand storage 15, and the lower sand storage 15 is located at the lower part of the generator 26. As shown in fig. 1, the conveyor units are respectively composed of an upper conveyor 31, a lower conveyor 30, an upper reverse stop salmonella 31 'and a lower reverse stop salmonella 30'. Wherein, the upper reverse stop type salmonella 31 'and the lower reverse stop type salmonella 30' are installed at one side of the upper sand storage storehouse body 16 from top to bottom and are correspondingly connected with the discharge port of the upper conveyor 31 and the discharge port of the lower conveyor 30 respectively. Wherein, the discharge hole of the lower conveyer 30 is also connected with the feed inlet of the upper conveyer 31, and the feed inlet of the lower conveyer 30 is arranged at the bottom of the lower sand storage warehouse 15; the discharge port and the feed port are respectively a sand inlet end and a sand outlet end at two ends of the conveyor.
When the kinetic energy of the sand is applied by the generator 26, the sand is discharged to the lower sand storage 15. In the feed control mode most of the water in the sand is separated from the sand by the sand gap and flows into the lower reservoir 21. When residual electricity exists, the conveyor unit is started, sand is conveyed to the lower check inlet salmonella 30' through the feed inlet of the lower conveyor 30, and the sand enters the upper sand storage reservoir 14. When the sand capacity is about to exceed the lower check entering salmonella 30 ', the lower check entering salmonella 30 ' is automatically closed, the upper conveyor 31 is started, and the sand conveyed by the lower conveyor 30 is conveyed to the upper check entering salmonella 31 ' by the upper conveyor 31 in a relaying manner and enters the upper sand storage reservoir 14; the multi-stage sand conveying can reduce the conveying energy consumption and improve the conveying height. When the sand capacity in the upper sand storage reservoir is lower than that of the non-return salmonella, the non-return salmonella is in an open state, and when the sand capacity in the upper sand storage reservoir 14 is close to that of the non-return salmonella, the non-return salmonella is closed to prevent sand from leaking.
When the sand capacity in the upper sand storage warehouse is lower than that of the non-return inlet salmonella, the non-return inlet salmonella is in an open state, and when the sand capacity in the upper sand storage warehouse is close to that of the non-return inlet salmonella, the non-return inlet salmonella is closed to prevent sand from leaking.
The upper water reservoir 20 is built on one side of the upper sand storage 14 according to geological conditions, and the bottom of the upper water reservoir 20 is higher than the top of the upper sand storage 14. The water outlet at the bottom of the upper reservoir 20 is connected with the upper reservoir water supply pipeline 9, and the other end of the upper reservoir water supply pipeline 9 is connected with a columnar water supply pipeline valve 9' in the air supply water supply system. One end of the water pumping pipeline 19 is connected to the upper end of the upper reservoir position 20, and the other end of the water pumping pipeline 19 is connected with the water outlet of the water pump 29.
The lower reservoir 21 is located at one side of the lower sand storage 15 and lower than the bottom horizontal plane of the lower sand storage 15, when sand water is discharged to the lower sand storage 15, most water in the sand is separated from the sand through a sand gap, and the water flows into the lower reservoir 21 from a lower position. The water inlet of the water pump 29 on the lower reservoir 21 is connected to the bottom of the lower reservoir 21 through a pipeline, the water outlet of the water pump 29 is connected with the water pumping pipeline 19, and the other end of the water pumping pipeline 19 is connected with the top of the upper reservoir 20.
When residual electricity exists, the water pump 29 is started in the water supply control mode, the water which is separated from the sand and flows into the lower reservoir 21 is returned to the upper reservoir 20 through the water pump 29 and the water pumping pipeline 19 for recycling.
Claims (2)
1. The gas-water-sand energy storage power station is characterized by comprising an upper sand storage warehouse (14), a lower sand storage warehouse (15), an upper reservoir (20), a lower reservoir (21), a generator (26), a conveyor set and a sand discharge pipeline (27); the upper sand storage warehouse (14) and the upper reservoir (20) are positioned at the upper part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, the upper reservoir (20) is built at one side of the upper sand storage warehouse (14) according to geological conditions, and the bottom of the upper reservoir (20) is higher than the top of the upper sand storage warehouse (14); the lower sand storage warehouse (15), the lower water storage tank (21) and the water pump (29) are positioned at the lower part of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, the lower water storage tank (21) is built on one side of the lower sand storage warehouse (15) according to geological conditions and is lower than the horizontal plane at the bottom of the lower sand storage warehouse (15), and the water pump (29) is installed on the lower water storage tank (21); the sand discharge pipeline (27) is arranged at the bottom of the upper sand storage warehouse (14) and is connected with the generator (26); the generator (26) is arranged between the upper sand storage warehouse (14) and the lower sand storage warehouse (15), the outlet of the generator (26) is connected to the lower sand storage warehouse (15), and the lower sand storage warehouse (15) is positioned at the lower part of the generator (26); the conveying unit is positioned at one side of the gas-water-sand energy storage power station, the upper end of the conveying unit is connected with the upper sand storage warehouse (14), the lower end of the conveying unit is connected with the lower sand storage warehouse (15), and sand in the lower sand storage warehouse (15) is transmitted back to the upper sand storage warehouse (14) when surplus electricity exists;
the upper sand storage reservoir (14) consists of a reservoir body (16), an air and water supply system, an air storage system and a sand control valve (23); the upper part of the storehouse body (16) is a semi-cylinder, the lower part is a semi-cone, and the axial section is in a funnel shape; the gas storage system is arranged in the upper sand storage warehouse (14) and is connected with the gas and water supply system; the sand control valve (23) is positioned at the bottom of the semi-cone of the reservoir body and is connected with the upper part of the sand discharge pipeline (27), and the lower part of the sand discharge pipeline (27) is connected with the inlet of the generator (26); the air supply and water supply system is vertically arranged in the upper sand storage warehouse (14); the gas storage system consists of an air compressor (24) and a gas storage tank (10); the air compressor (24) is arranged at the top of the air storage system, and an air outlet pipeline (7) of the air compressor (24) is connected with a compressed air inlet valve (7') arranged at the upper part of the air storage tank (10); when residual electricity exists, the air compressor (24) is started in an air supply control mode, and compressed air is compressed into the air storage tank (10) through the compressed air outlet pipeline (7) and the air storage tank air inlet valve (7');
a columnar air supply and water supply pipeline (8) of the air supply and water supply system is arranged in an air storage tank (10), an exhaust valve (13) of the air storage tank (10) is arranged on the columnar air supply pipeline (8) in the air supply and water supply system, and the air in the air storage tank (10) is exhausted through the exhaust valve (13) of the air storage tank (10); the upper end of the columnar gas supply pipeline (8) is provided with a columnar water supply valve (9 '), and the columnar water supply valve (9') is connected with the upper reservoir (20) through the water supply pipeline (9);
the air and water supply system further comprises a first annular air and water supply pipeline (1), a second annular air and water supply pipeline (2), a third annular air and water supply pipeline (3), an N-1 annular air and water supply pipeline (4), an N-annular air and water supply pipeline (5) and a k1Step valves (1'), k2Step valves (2'), k3Step valves (3'), kN-1Step valves (4'), kNThe device comprises a step valve (5 '), a fluidized sand air and water supply valve (6'), a fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6) and a strong air and water supply valve (22), wherein N is a positive integer;
k1step valves (1'), k2Step valves (2'), k3Step valves (3'), kN-1Step valves (4'), kNThe step valve (5') is arranged from bottom to top according to the sequence of 1-NAre arranged at equal intervals and are arranged on a columnar air and water supply pipeline (8); a first annular gas and water supply pipeline (1), a second annular gas and water supply pipeline (2), a third annular gas and water supply pipeline (3), an N-1 annular gas and water supply pipeline (4), an N annular gas and water supply pipeline (5) are arranged from bottom to top at an equal distance of 1-N, and penetrate through a gas storage tank (10) and a k through connecting pipelines1Step valves (1'), k2Step valves (2'), k3Step valves (3'), kN-1Step valves (4'), kNThe step valves (5') are correspondingly connected;
a plurality of gas injection water supply pipes (18) are vertically arranged on the first annular gas and water supply pipeline (1), a plurality of gas injection water supply heads are arranged on the gas injection water supply pipes (18), a plurality of water discharge valves (12) and pneumatic vibrating rods (11) are uniformly and annularly arranged on the second annular gas and water supply pipeline (2), the third annular gas and water supply pipeline (3), the N-1 annular gas and water supply pipeline (4) and the N annular gas and water supply pipeline (5), wherein each pneumatic vibrating rod (11) and each water discharge valve (12) are embedded with a valve controller, and the valve controllers are connected with a monitoring management system through wireless or wired lines; the monitoring management system controls the pneumatic vibrating rod (11) or the drainage valve (12) through the valve controller to vibrate or feed water to the surrounding sand, break the internal friction force of the horizontal static supporting contact of the sand and accelerate the pressure transmission of the sand;
the upper sand storage warehouse (14) is connected with a fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6), the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6) is positioned at the upper part of a sand control valve (23) at the position, close to the bottom, of a semicircular cone of the upper sand storage warehouse (14), and the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6) is connected with a columnar air and water supply pipeline (8) through a fluidized sand air and water supply valve (6'); a plurality of air and water discharging holes facing the direction of the sand control valve (23) are arranged on the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6), and air or water is discharged or injected through the air and water discharging holes, so that sand between the sand control valve (23) and the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6) forms air-sand flow or water-sand flow, and the sand continuously flows out through the sand control valve (23); the bottom of the columnar gas supply pipeline (8) is provided with a strong gas supply water supply valve (22), and the strong gas supply water supply valve is positioned at the horizontal center of the first annular gas supply water supply pipeline (1) and used for emergency exhaust when sand does not form a gas sand flow or a water sand flow at the position of the sand control valve (23).
2. The gas-water-sand energy storage power station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the gas supply and water supply system disturbs the sand gas discharge or water supply in a time-sharing and layered manner, so as to reduce the friction between the sand and the sand; the sand moves to the bottom of the semicircular cone of the reservoir body (16) of the upper sand storage reservoir (14) under the action of gravity, and when the sand moves to the first annular gas and water supply pipeline (1), the gas injection water supply pipe (18) on the first annular gas and water supply pipeline (1) injects gas or water into the sand, so that the viscous resistance between the sand and the sand is further reduced; when the sand moves to the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6), the fluidized sand air and water supply valve (6') is controlled to supply air or water to the fluidized sand air and water supply pipeline (6), so that an air sand flow or a water sand flow formed by the flowing sand meets the continuous power generation requirement, and stable and continuous gravitational potential energy is provided;
when sand passes through the sand control valve (23), controlling the sand discharge flow by controlling the sand control valve (23); when a strong air supply and water supply valve (22) of the air supply and water supply system is opened, sand is accelerated to descend under the impact action of air flow or water flow, and the response time of power generation is shortened; when the airflow sand flow or the water sand flow with a certain flow reaches the generator (26) through the sand discharge pipeline (27), the generator (26) is driven to rotate to generate electricity, and the airflow sand flow or the water sand flow is discharged into the lower sand storage warehouse (15) from the outlet of the generator (26).
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