CN110839789A - Special material for hatching hermetia illucens eggs and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special material for hatching hermetia illucens eggs and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000709785 Hermetia illucens Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 101710089042 Demethyl-4-deoxygadusol synthase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000021317 Annona cherimola Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000709334 Hermetia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000257226 Muscidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010868 animal carcass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012547 cherimoya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of insect feeding, in particular to a special hatching material for hermetia illucens eggs and a preparation method thereof, wherein the special hatching material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of trehalose, 10-15 parts of wheat DDGS, 5-10 parts of beer mud, 3-5 parts of calcium chloride and 5-10 parts of diatomite. The special material for hatching the worm eggs provided by the invention can be used only by adding water to adjust the humidity to a corresponding value, can be taken at any time and is convenient to use. Moreover, when the feed is applied to large-scale breeding of hermetia illucens and a large amount of eggs need to be hatched, the feed is very beneficial to standardized operation, the working procedures are simplified, and the breeding benefit is improved. The feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs fills the technical gap of feed for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs, improves the hatching rate of the hermetia illucens eggs, ensures the growth of newly hatched larvae, and avoids the safety risk caused by using agricultural and sideline product raw materials or commercial feed as hatching materials on one side.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of insect feeding, in particular to a special hatching material for hermetia illucens eggs and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
Hermetia illucens are insects of the hermetia genus of the order diptera and are widely distributed worldwide, and larvae of the hermetia illucens feed on naturally decayed organic matter and animal wastes, such as fermented cherimoya, pumpkins, dead crabs, decayed fruits, vegetable paste, animal carcasses, and the like. Researches find that the larvae of the hermetia illucens can intensively eat the excrement of the animals, so that excrement accumulation and odor can be reduced, breeding of houseflies can be controlled, and the number of escherichia coli in the excrement can be reduced. The black soldier fly larvae are used for treating wastes or livestock manure, such as chicken manure, cow manure, pig manure and the like, and good effects are achieved.
The black soldier fly larvae have high nutritive value, wherein the protein content reaches 42%, the crude fat content reaches 34%, the crude fiber content is 7%, the crude ash content is about 16%, and the amino acid and calcium content are sufficient. Therefore, the hermetia illucens larvae can produce animal feed with higher economic value, and is considered to be a resource insect with great application prospect. The hermetia illucens larva protein can be used for replacing soybean protein, fish meal and the like in feeds for chicken raising, pig raising and fish raising, and is an effective way for solving the problem of shortage of ocean resources.
The service life of adult hermetia illucens is short, the average service life of female hermetia illucens is only 7-9 days, and the average service life of male hermetia illucens is only 6-7 days. Female insects lay eggs for about 800 eggs at one time, the incubation conditions of the eggs need environments with high illumination and humidity, and the eggs are incubated completely in about 3 days generally. Since the hatching of the eggs of the hermetia illucens requires proper temperature and humidity conditions, the newly hatched larvae of the hermetia illucens need to be supplemented with proper nutrition and moisture as soon as possible. In reality, no special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs is available, the artificial hatching environmental conditions are difficult to guarantee, so that the newly hatched larvae are easily influenced by the external environment, and the hatching rate is low due to the fact that the nutrition ratio of fed food is poor or the feeding form is not appropriate. When agricultural and sideline product raw materials or commercial feed are selected as the hatching materials for the eggs, experience and training that the incubation of the hermetia illucens eggs fails due to insect expelling components in the commercial feed frequently occurs. In addition, the feed is easy to mildew under the high-temperature and humid environment in which the black soldier fly larvae grow, and then toxic and harmful effects are generated on the larvae.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a special material for hatching hermetia illucens eggs.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for hatching the larvae of hermetia illucens.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of trehalose, 10-15 parts of wheat DDGS, 5-10 parts of beer mud, 3-5 parts of calcium chloride and 5-10 parts of diatomite.
The hatching stage of the hermetia illucens eggs refers to the stage from hatching of the hermetia illucens to the age of 5 days.
The breeding environment of the hermetia illucens larvae needs proper humidity, the hermetia illucens larvae is very sensitive to the humidity, death is induced when the humidity is too low, and death of the larvae is easily caused by excessively sticky and wet food materials due to poor air permeability. For heat preservation, the incubation process of the hermetia illucens eggs is usually performed under a strong illumination condition, which causes higher environmental temperature and accelerates the volatilization of feed moisture, and the rapid loss of the feed moisture can affect the incubation rate of the hermetia illucens and the growth performance of larvae. The invention adopts wheat bran, wheat DDGS and beer mud as base materials of the special feed, the wheat bran contains rich cellulose and protein, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud are fermentation products, and also contain rich amino acid, multiple vitamins and trace elements, and the substances are used as main nutrition to provide the growth of hermetia illucens larvae. The fluffiness of the wheat bran also ensures the air permeability of the feed, and prevents larvae from dying due to the viscosity of the feed; the added trehalose has good water retention property, and can effectively maintain the water content in the feed to provide a humidity environment required by larvae. Calcium chloride and diatomite are good moisture absorbents, so that the feed can be prevented from absorbing moisture, and the powdery state of the feed can be kept; the wheat DDGS and beer mash also contains a large amount of beneficial microorganisms which can effectively prevent the mildew of the feed together with inorganic components.
The existing black soldier fly breeding process is not provided with a special feed for hatching the eggs of the black soldier fly, multiple pieces of flour are replaced by agricultural and sideline product raw materials or other commodity feeds, the raw materials are difficult to reach the standard except for nutrition, and the safety risk of failure in hatching the eggs of the black soldier fly caused by adding an insect-resistant component in the commodity feeds is overcome. The feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs is safe and harmless, is powdery, can be mixed with water to reach the humidity of 65-75% when being used, is safe and convenient, and can be taken at any time.
After the black soldier fly bred by the special feed is hatched, the survival rate reaches over 95 percent, and the larva grows quickly.
Preferably, the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42-47 parts of wheat bran, 12-14 parts of trehalose, 12-13 parts of wheat DDGS, 6-9 parts of beer mud, 3-4 parts of calcium chloride and 6-8 parts of diatomite.
Preferably, the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 46 parts of wheat bran, 13 parts of trehalose, 12.5 parts of wheat DDGS, 8 parts of beer mud, 3.5 parts of calcium chloride and 7 parts of diatomite.
The preparation method of the feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following steps: s11, uniformly mixing the wheat bran, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud; s12, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the mixture obtained in the step S11 in steam at 120-150 ℃, and then drying; s13, preparing the mixture obtained in the step S12 into powder; s14, adding trehalose, calcium chloride and kieselguhr into the powder obtained in the step S13, and then uniformly mixing.
Preferably, the step S12 adopts steam high-temperature treatment at 140-150 ℃. The feed is subjected to steam sterilization, so that harmful germs in the feed can be reduced, and the safety of the feed is further improved.
A method for hatching hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following steps: adding sterilized water into the special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs to ensure that the relative humidity in the feed is 60-75%; placing hermetia illucens eggs on the surface of the prepared feed; the worm eggs are heated at a temperature of between 25 and 30 ℃ and a temperature of between 150 and 200 mu mol/m-2·s-1Hatching under light intensity of (1).
Preferably, the relative humidity of the feed is 70%.
The feed provided by the invention is used for feeding larvae hatched from hermetia illucens eggs. The newly hatched larvae enter the wet feed, and the hatching material not only provides nutrient substances required by the growth of the larvae, but also provides a temporary storage place for the larvae, so that the hatching material has the functions of nutrition and growth environment regulation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a special hatching material for hermetia illucens eggs, which takes wheat bran as a base material, wheat DDGS and beer mud as nutrient substances, trehalose as a water-retaining agent, and calcium chloride and diatomite as moisture absorbents. The feed provided by the invention fills the technical gap of the black soldier fly hatching material, the feed has balanced nutrition, the growth of the black soldier fly is facilitated, the hatching rate of the black soldier fly eggs is improved, and the safety risk caused by using agricultural and sideline product raw materials or commercial feed as the hatching material on one side is avoided. In addition, the feed is dry powder, is not easy to absorb moisture, and can be taken at any time and convenient to use only by adding water to reach corresponding humidity when in use. Moreover, the feed is applied to a large amount of worm eggs hatching work required by large-scale breeding of hermetia illucens, is suitable for standardized centralized treatment, and simplifies the procedures.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the equipment used in the present examples, comparative examples and experimental examples was conventional experimental equipment, and the materials and reagents used were commercially available.
Example 1
The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40kg of wheat bran, 15kg of trehalose, 10kg of wheat DDGS10kg, 10kg of beer mud, 5kg of calcium chloride and 5kg of diatomite.
The preparation method of the special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following steps: s11, uniformly mixing the wheat bran, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud; s12, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the mixture obtained in the step S11 in steam at 120-150 ℃, and then drying; s13, preparing the mixture obtained in the step S12 into powder; s14, adding trehalose, calcium chloride and kieselguhr into the powder obtained in the step S13, and then uniformly mixing.
The method for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs by using the feed comprises the following steps: s21, adding sterilizing water into the special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs to enable the relative humidity in the feed to be 60% -75%; s22, placing hermetia illucens eggs on the surface of the prepared feed; s23, enabling the worm eggs in the step S22 to be at a temperature of between 25 and 30 ℃ and a temperature of between 150 and 200 mu mol/m-2·s-1Hatching under light intensity of (1).
Example 2
The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50kg of wheat bran, 25kg of trehalose, 15kg of wheat DDGS15kg, 5kg of beer mud, 3kg of calcium chloride and 10kg of diatomite.
The preparation method of the special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following steps: s11, uniformly mixing the wheat bran, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud; s12, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the mixture obtained in the step S11 in steam at 120-150 ℃, and then drying; s13, preparing the mixture obtained in the killing step S12 into powder; s14, adding trehalose, calcium chloride and kieselguhr into the powder obtained in the step S13, and then uniformly mixing.
The method for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs by using the feed is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in kg by weight: 46kg of wheat bran, 13kg of trehalose, 12.5kg of wheat DDGSS, 8kg of beer mud, 3.5kg of calcium chloride and 7kg of diatomite.
The preparation method of the special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following steps: s11, uniformly mixing the wheat bran, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud; s12, carrying out high-temperature treatment on the mixture obtained in the step S11 in steam at 120-150 ℃, and then drying; s13, preparing the mixture obtained in the step S12 into powder; s14, adding trehalose, calcium chloride and kieselguhr into the powder obtained in the step S13, and then uniformly mixing.
The method for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs by using the feed is the same as that in comparative example 1 in example 1.
The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in kg by weight: 20kg of wheat bran, 13kg of trehalose, 12.5kg of wheat DDGSS, 8kg of beer mud, 3.5kg of calcium chloride and 7kg of diatomite. The preparation method and the using method are the same as the example 1.
The wheat bran content in this comparative example was lower compared to example 3.
Comparative example 2
The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs comprises the following components in kg by weight: 46kg of wheat bran, 12.5kg of wheat DDGSs, 8kg of beer mud, 3.5kg of calcium chloride and 7kg of diatomite. The preparation method and the using method are the same as the example 1.
In contrast to example 3, trehalose was not added to this comparative example.
Comparative example 3
46kg of wheat bran, 13kg of trehalose, 8kg of beer mud, 3.5kg of calcium chloride and 7kg of diatomite. The preparation method and the using method are the same as the example 1.
Compared to example 3, no wheat DDGS was added.
Comparative example 4
46kg of wheat bran, 13kg of trehalose, 12.5kg of wheat DDGSS, 3.5kg of calcium chloride and 7kg of diatomite. The preparation method and the using method are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
In comparison with example 3, no beer puree was added to this comparative example.
Experimental example 1
50g of the feed was taken for each of the groups of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4. And (3) adding sterilized water into the feed to ensure that the humidity in the feed reaches 70%. Placing the feed groups at 25 deg.C under illumination intensity of 200 μmol/m-2·s-1The humidity and the degree of mildew of each group were measured at regular intervals. The test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 humidity change table for each group
As can be seen from the above table, the humidity of the feed of each group of the example can be kept above 65% within 24 h. The humidity condition meets the requirement of the hermetia illucens larvae on the environment humidity. The moisturizing performance of the feeds of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 was significantly worse than that of the example group. The humidity changes of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 were not much different from those of the example group, but the mold phenomenon occurred. In comparative example 1, the wheat bran content was less than that in the example group, and the moisture retention of the feed was reduced. After 24h, the water retention of the feed is reduced to below 60%. This humidity condition is no longer suitable for the growth of hermetia illucens. In the comparative example 2, as trehalose is not added, the humidity of the feed is reduced to 60% after 24 hours, and it can be seen that the moisture retention performance of the black soldier fly feed cannot be met by the pure wheat bran. Therefore, the water retention capacity of the feed can be effectively improved only under the synergistic effect of the wheat bran and the trehalose, and the requirement of the growth of the hermetia illucens on humidity is met. Examples there was no mildew in the feed after 120h for each group, and there was no mildew due to the absence of wheat DDGS and beer puree in comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, respectively. Neither comparative example 1 nor comparative example 2 showed the mildew phenomenon. The wheat DDGS and the beer mud have synergistic effect on inhibiting the feed mildew.
Experimental example 2
Selecting newly hatched beginners, and preparing 2-3 kg of feed for every 1kg of fresh insects. The feed in the examples and the comparative examples is used for feeding the beginners, the pure millet bran is used as a control group, the feeding time is 5 days, and a proper amount of water is sprayed according to the humidity in the respective feed in the feeding process, so that the humidity of the feed is kept close. Each group of hermetia illucens was weighed before and after feeding, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 average weight of hermetia illucens heads in each group
As can be seen from the above table, the black soldier fly larvae fed with the feed of the example group grew faster under the condition of ensuring the same conditions of humidity, temperature and the like of feeding. Comparative example 3 had no wheat DDGS added and comparative example 4 had no beer puree added. The growth rate of the comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 groups was significantly lower than that of the example group. While comparative examples 1 and 2, which contained wheat DDGS and beer puree, also had higher growth rates than comparative examples 3 and 4. This indicates that the wheat DDGS and the beer puree synergistically promote the growth of hermetia illucens.
Experimental example 3
Selecting newly hatched beginners, preparing 2-3 kg of feed for every 1kg of fresh insects, feeding the larvae with the feed in the embodiment and the comparative example, taking pure wheat bran as a control group, feeding for 5 days, and recording the hatchability of black soldier fly larvae after 5 days.
TABLE 3 incubation of hermetia illucens in each group
As can be seen from the above table, the hatching rate of the insect eggs of the example group is obviously increased compared with that of the control group. The groups of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 had significantly reduced hatching rates of eggs compared to the groups of examples due to the reduction in water retention properties. The water retention performance of the comparative example 3 and the comparative example 4 was equivalent to that of the example group, but the hatchability was relatively lower than that of the example group due to the lack of nutrients.
In conclusion, the feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs can effectively improve the water retention performance of the feed, so that the hatching rate of the hermetia illucens eggs is improved. In addition, the feed is more balanced in nutrition and more suitable for the growth of the hermetia illucens, and the growth speed of hermetia illucens larvae is effectively increased.
Claims (9)
1. The special material for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of trehalose, 10-15 parts of wheat DDGS, 5-10 parts of beer mud, 3-5 parts of calcium chloride and 5-10 parts of diatomite.
2. The special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 42-47 parts of wheat bran, 12-14 parts of trehalose, 12-13 parts of wheat DDGS, 6-9 parts of beer mud, 3-4 parts of calcium chloride and 6-8 parts of diatomite.
3. The special hatching material for the hermetia illucens eggs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 46 parts of wheat bran, 13 parts of trehalose, 12.5 parts of wheat DDGS, 8 parts of beer mud, 3.5 parts of calcium chloride and 7 parts of diatomite.
4. A method for preparing the special material for hatching hermetia illucens eggs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing the wheat bran, the wheat DDGS and the beer mud;
s12, performing high-temperature treatment on the mixture obtained in the step S11 in steam at 120-150 ℃, and drying;
s13, preparing the mixture obtained in the step S12 into powder;
s14, adding trehalose, calcium chloride and diatomite into the powder obtained in the step S13, and then uniformly mixing.
5. The method for preparing the special material for hatching the eggs of the hermetia illucens according to claim 4, wherein the step S12 is performed by high-temperature steam treatment at 140-150 ℃.
6. A method for hatching hermetia illucens eggs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s21, adding sterile water into the feed special for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, so that the relative humidity in the feed is 60-75%;
s22, placing hermetia illucens eggs on the surface of the feed prepared in the step S21;
s23, enabling the worm eggs in the step S22 to be at a temperature of between 25 and 30 ℃ and a temperature of between 150 and 200 mu mol/m-2·s-1Hatching under light intensity of (1).
7. The method for hatching heisui fly eggs as claimed in claim 6, wherein the relative humidity of the feed in step S21 is 70%.
8. Use of the feed for hatching hermetia illucens eggs as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 for preparing a feed for improving survival rate and growth performance.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the hatching of hermetia illucens eggs comprises the period from hatching of hermetia illucens from egg to 5 days of age.
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| CN107549126A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-09 | 银川保绿特生物技术有限公司 | Method for breeding black soldier fly larvae by using kitchen residual food base material |
| US20180368444A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-12-27 | Guangdong Institute Of Applied Biological Resources | Artificial diet for ghost moth larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN109673866A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-04-26 | 朱纪 | It is a kind of to replace the nonreactive of fish meal, without sharp egg feedstuff and preparation method thereof using Flyblow albumen powder |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104304694A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-28 | 河南科技大学 | Conogethes punctiferalis artificial forage, preparation method and secondary culture method |
| US20180368444A1 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-12-27 | Guangdong Institute Of Applied Biological Resources | Artificial diet for ghost moth larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN107549126A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-09 | 银川保绿特生物技术有限公司 | Method for breeding black soldier fly larvae by using kitchen residual food base material |
| CN109673866A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-04-26 | 朱纪 | It is a kind of to replace the nonreactive of fish meal, without sharp egg feedstuff and preparation method thereof using Flyblow albumen powder |
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