CN110838571A - Lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method and storage battery - Google Patents

Lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method and storage battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110838571A
CN110838571A CN201911168490.5A CN201911168490A CN110838571A CN 110838571 A CN110838571 A CN 110838571A CN 201911168490 A CN201911168490 A CN 201911168490A CN 110838571 A CN110838571 A CN 110838571A
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lead
electrode plate
aluminum
dip
electrode
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CN110838571B (en
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翁征华
欧丹玲
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BEIJING JU'ANRUIHAN ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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BEIJING JU'ANRUIHAN ELECTRONICS Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16Processes of manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06Lead-acid accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/22Forming of electrodes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrode manufacturing, in particular to a lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method and a storage battery, wherein the lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method comprises the following steps: s1, immersing the non-lead part of the aluminum electrode plate in a rosin solution, and drying the electrode plate after immersion; s2, putting the electrode plate dipped in the S1 into a first lead-tin alloy metal solution for dip soldering; s3, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip welding in the S2 into a rosin solution for dipping, and drying the electrode plate after dipping; s4, putting the electrode plate dipped in the step S3 into a second lead-tin alloy metal solution for dip soldering; and S5, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip soldering in the S4 into a lead-antimony alloy metal solution for dip plating. The invention uses low specific gravity metal material aluminum to replace high specific gravity metal lead, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing weight. The outer surface of the aluminum electrode plate is uniformly wrapped by metal lead to prepare the lead-clad aluminum core electrode, so that the weight of the electrode is reduced, and the overall weight of the battery can be reduced.

Description

Lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method and storage battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrode manufacturing, in particular to a lead-coated aluminum electrode manufacturing method and a storage battery.
Background
At present, a lead-acid storage battery is widely applied, is not easy to burn and explode, and is safe and reliable, but the positive and negative plates of the lead-acid storage battery are made of a large amount of lead and lead alloy as main materials, so that the biggest defect of the lead-acid storage battery is that the lead-acid storage battery is heavy and heavy.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the electrode of the existing battery is heavy.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode, which comprises the following steps:
s1, immersing the non-lead part of the aluminum electrode plate in a rosin solution, and drying the electrode plate after immersion;
s2, placing the electrode plate dipped in the S1 solution into a first lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip welding;
s3, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip welding in the S2 into a rosin solution for dipping, and drying the electrode plate after dipping;
s4, placing the electrode plate dipped in the step S3 into a second lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip soldering;
and S5, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip soldering in the S4 into a lead-antimony alloy metal solution for dip plating.
The lead and tin components of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution respectively account for 50%, and the temperature of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃.
And after the step S2, the thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.07 mm.
The lead component of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution accounts for 95%, the tin component accounts for 5%, and the temperature of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃.
And after the step S4, the total thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
In step S2, the first pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating tank, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating tank.
In step S4, the second pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath.
Wherein the electrode plate is an aluminum substrate, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S01, stamping the aluminum plate into an aluminum substrate, and cleaning and drying the aluminum substrate.
Wherein, the electrode plate is an aluminum grid, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S02, die-casting the metal aluminum into an aluminum grid, and cleaning and drying the aluminum grid.
The invention also provides a storage battery, which comprises the electrode manufactured by the method for manufacturing the lead-coated aluminum electrode, and the storage battery is a lead-acid storage battery or a lead-carbon storage battery.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the method for manufacturing the lead-coated aluminum electrode of the embodiment of the invention uses aluminum to replace lead, and the specific gravity of the lead is 11.3734g/cm3The specific gravity of aluminum is 2.7g/cm3Therefore, the specific gravity of the lead is 4.2 times that of the aluminum, the weight of the aluminum in the same volume is 23 percent of that of the lead, the metal aluminum replaces the metal lead, and the metal material aluminum with low specific gravity replaces the metal lead with high specific gravity, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the weight. Under the condition of keeping the electrochemical principle of the battery unchanged, the outer surface of the aluminum electrode plate is uniformly wrapped by metal lead to prepare the electrode with the lead-clad aluminum core, so that the weight of the electrode is reduced, and the whole weight of the battery can be reduced. Because aluminum is an active metal, a compact oxide layer can be formed on the surface of the aluminum in the air, and the surface of the aluminum is difficult to combine with lead under the conventional conditions.
In addition to the technical problems addressed by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality", "plural groups" means two or more, and "several", "several groups" means one or more.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s1, immersing the non-lead part of the aluminum electrode plate in a rosin solution, and drying the electrode plate after immersion; the aluminum electrode plate dried after cleaning is first soaked in rosin solution and dried for use, and the lead part of the electrode plate is not soaked.
S2, placing the electrode plate dipped in the S1 solution into a first lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip welding; and (3) putting the electrode plate coated with the rosin into the first lead-tin alloy metal solution, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum electrode plate under the action of ultrasonic waves, uniformly attaching lead-tin alloy to the surface of the electrode plate, and taking out the electrode plate attached with the lead-tin alloy from the first lead-tin alloy metal solution after 3-5 seconds. The process can be carried out by adopting special ultrasonic hot-melting dip soldering equipment, and rosin is used as the soldering flux.
S3, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip welding in the S2 into a rosin solution for dipping, and drying the electrode plate after dipping;
s4, placing the electrode plate dipped in the step S3 into a second lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip soldering; and (3) soaking the rosin again in the electrode plate attached with the lead-tin alloy, putting the electrode plate into a second lead-tin alloy metal solution, and taking the electrode plate attached with the lead-tin alloy again out of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution after 3-5 seconds. The process can be carried out by adopting special ultrasonic hot-melting dip soldering equipment, and rosin is used as the soldering flux.
And S5, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip soldering in the S4 into a lead-antimony alloy metal solution for dip plating. And (3) putting the cooled electrode plate attached with the lead-tin alloy into a lead-antimony alloy metal solution with the temperature of about 400 ℃, and determining the dip plating time and frequency according to the required thickness of the lead-antimony alloy layer, wherein in order to prevent the original lead-tin alloy layer from falling off, the dip plating time of each time cannot be overlong, and the dip plating time of each time does not exceed three seconds. And the electrode plate needs to be cooled before each immersion plating, and the temperature of the cooled electrode plate is higher than room temperature by less than 50 ℃.
The method for manufacturing the lead-coated aluminum electrode of the embodiment of the invention uses aluminum to replace lead, and the specific gravity of the lead is 11.3734g/cm3The specific gravity of aluminum is 2.7g/cm3Therefore, the specific gravity of the lead is 4.2 times of that of the aluminum, the weight of the aluminum is 23 percent of that of the lead under the same volume, the metal aluminum replaces the metal lead, the metal material aluminum with low specific gravity replaces the metal lead with high specific gravity, and the purpose of reducing the weight is achievedThe purpose of the amount. Under the condition of keeping the electrochemical principle of the battery unchanged, the outer surface of the aluminum electrode plate is uniformly wrapped by metal lead to prepare the electrode with the lead-clad aluminum core, so that the weight of the electrode is reduced, and the whole weight of the battery can be reduced. Because aluminum is an active metal, a compact oxide layer can be formed on the surface of the aluminum in the air, and the surface of the aluminum is difficult to combine with lead under the conventional conditions.
The lead and tin components of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution respectively account for 50%, and the temperature of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃. The lead component of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution accounts for 95%, the tin component accounts for 5%, and the temperature of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃. The lead content of the lead-tin alloy for the second dip soldering is far higher than that of the lead-tin alloy for the first dip soldering, the lead-tin alloy with lower lead content for the first dip soldering is easier to ensure that a lead-tin alloy coating is formed on the surface of the aluminum electrode plate, the lead-tin alloy with higher lead content for the second dip soldering is taken as a foundation, and the lead-tin alloy with higher lead content for the second dip soldering ensures that a compact metal lead coating is formed on the surface of the electrode plate.
And after the step S2, the thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.07 mm. After step S2 is completed, a layer of uniform lead-tin alloy is attached to the surface of the electrode plate.
After the step S4, the thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is approximately equal to 0.05 mm. After the step S4 is completed, another layer of lead-tin alloy is dip-welded on the lead-tin alloy coating dip-welded on the outer surface of the electrode plate in the step S2, the total thickness of the overall lead-tin alloy coating formed by the two dip-welding on the surface of the electrode plate is less than or equal to 0.1 mm, the overall lead-tin alloy coating contains 95% of metallic lead, and the lead-tin alloy on the outermost layer is maintained.
In step S2, the first pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating tank, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating tank. And (3) placing the electrode plate coated with the rosin between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates of an ultrasonic dip-soldering coating bath, wherein molten first lead-tin alloy metal solution is in the bath, and removing an oxidation layer on the surface of the aluminum electrode plate under the action of ultrasonic waves to attach a layer of uniform lead-tin alloy.
In step S4, the second pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath. And (3) placing the electrode plate coated with the lead-tin alloy between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates of an ultrasonic dip-welding coating bath, wherein molten first lead-tin alloy metal solution is in the bath, and attaching a layer of uniform lead-tin alloy on the surface of the electrode plate coated with the lead-tin alloy again under the action of ultrasonic waves.
When the embodiment of the present invention is used for manufacturing a negative electrode plate, the electrode plate is an aluminum substrate, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S01, selecting an aluminum plate with certain hardness and strength to punch the aluminum plate, and cleaning and drying the aluminum plate.
The double-lead electrode is needed for processing, namely, two wire connecting noses are arranged on each electrode plate and used as leads, and lead wrapping is not needed on the wire connecting noses. The aluminum substrate may be pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy, such as aluminum-magnesium alloy, aluminum-silicon alloy, and the like.
When the embodiment of the present invention is used for manufacturing a positive electrode plate, the electrode plate is an aluminum grid, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S02, die-casting the metal aluminum into an aluminum grid, and cleaning and drying the aluminum grid.
The double lead electrodes are adopted for the convenience of processing, namely two wire connecting noses are arranged on each grid and used as leads, and lead wrapping technology is not needed on the wire noses. Lead-antimony alloy is generally adopted as a polar plate and a lead of a common lead-acid storage battery, and lead is 95 percent. The content of antimony is 5 percent. Lead-calcium alloy is often used as an electrode plate and a lead of a maintenance-free lead-acid storage battery.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage battery, which comprises the electrode manufactured by the method for manufacturing the lead-coated aluminum electrode, and the storage battery is a lead-acid storage battery or a lead-carbon storage battery. The storage battery of the embodiment of the invention can be a common lead-acid storage battery and can also be a lead-carbon battery. The lead-carbon storage battery is a significant invention and improvement of the lead-acid storage battery, and the method for manufacturing the lead-coated aluminum electrode is also suitable for manufacturing the electrode of the lead-carbon storage battery, so that the weight can be reduced, and various electrical and physical properties of the lead-carbon storage battery can be improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A lead-clad aluminum electrode manufacturing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, immersing the non-lead part of the aluminum electrode plate in a rosin solution, and drying the electrode plate after immersion;
s2, placing the electrode plate dipped in the S1 solution into a first lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip welding;
s3, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip welding in the S2 into a rosin solution for dipping, and drying the electrode plate after dipping;
s4, placing the electrode plate dipped in the step S3 into a second lead-tin alloy metal solution for ultrasonic dip soldering;
and S5, putting the electrode plate subjected to dip soldering in the S4 into a lead-antimony alloy metal solution for dip plating.
2. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the lead and tin components of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution respectively account for 50%, and the temperature of the first lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃.
3. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: and after the step S2, the thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.07 mm.
4. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the lead component of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution accounts for 95%, the tin component accounts for 5%, and the temperature of the second lead-tin alloy metal solution is 350-450 ℃.
5. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: and after the step S4, the total thickness of the lead-tin alloy on the electrode plate after dip welding is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
6. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the first pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath.
7. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the second pb-sn alloy metal solution is filled in an ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath, and the electrode plate is placed between two ultrasonic transducer vibration plates in the ultrasonic dip-soldering plating bath.
8. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the electrode plate is an aluminum substrate, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S01, stamping the aluminum plate into an aluminum substrate, and cleaning and drying the aluminum substrate.
9. The method for manufacturing a lead-clad aluminum electrode according to claim 1, wherein: the electrode plate is an aluminum grid, and before step S1, the method further includes:
and S02, die-casting the metal aluminum into an aluminum grid, and cleaning and drying the aluminum grid.
10. A storage battery comprising an electrode manufactured by the method for manufacturing an aluminum-lead clad electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the storage battery is a lead-acid storage battery or a lead-carbon storage battery.
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